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This paper reviews the application of Hall position sensors in control and position estimation of permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs). Accurate rotor position and motor speed data are essential for the high-efficiency control of PMSMs in modern industry. Rotor position and motor speed can be measured by mechanical position sensors, which are costly and less reliable, or by rotor position observers, which are sensitive to system models and changes in motor parameters. This paper examines the benefits, limitations, challenges, and uses of low-resolution Hall position sensors in PMSM drives, presenting them as a cost-effective solution for achieving a balance between performance and expense. In addition, the paper discusses recent solutions to issues related to misplaced Hall position sensors and fault-tolerant control algorithms, and gives an outlook to future developments in this area. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper’s primary goal is to investigate and analyze how a particular PWM technique enhances the performance of PMSM drives. The objective of the analysis is to reduce torque ripples, which are fluctuations or variations in the motor’s torque output. Reducing these torque ripples involves combining the Hysteresis Control and Space Vector Pulse Width Modulation (SVPWM) techniques. Hysteresis Control is a method that compares the actual value of a parameter (in this case, torque) with a reference value and takes appropriate control actions based on the comparison. SVPWM, on the other hand, is a sophisticated technique used for generating pulse width modulation signals that can control the motor precisely and efficiently. The research findings suggest that combining the Hysteresis Control technique with SVPWM in the PMSM motor drive makes the system more effective and efficient. This combination likely reduces torque ripples, leading to a smoother motor operation. Using both techniques together probably enhances the precision and stability of the motor control system.

In this paper, a backstepping sliding mode controller based on a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO-SMC) is proposed to realize the high-performance speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional backstepping sliding mode control algorithm (SMC) and integral backstepping sliding mode control algorithm (I-SMC) in the face of mismatched disturbances. In view of the shortcomings of these two algorithms, the idea of using a disturbance observer to observe disturbance and carry out dynamic compensation is proposed, and the composite controller is designed. The overshoot and settling time is improved by 30% and 8 s, respectively, for the proposed NDO-SMC controller compared with the SMC controller. The simulation and experimental results illustrate that the designed controller not only effectively solves the torque jitter problem of SMC, but also improves the overshoot problem caused by the integral module of I-SMC. There is also a better matching degree between the theoretical derivation, the simulation results, and experimental data. It also proves that the composite control algorithm proposed in this paper provides a meaningful solution to the operation disturbance suppression problem of the permanent magnet synchronous motor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper focuses on a robust continuous sliding mode control (RCSMC) method for manipulator PMSM trajectory tracking system under time-varying uncertain disturbances. The main objective of this study is to improve the trajectory tracking dynamic response and disturbances rejection ability of the manipulator PMSM, and then the manipulator itself, by using the RCSMC method. The RCSMC method consists of two key parts: a terminal continuous sliding mode controller (TCSMC), and an extended state observer (ESO). The TCSMC has been demonstrated to have remarkable capabilities to reduce the chattering phenomenon caused by high frequency switching function in the conventional sliding mode control law, and reject the strong time-varying uncertain disturbances for PMSM velocity loops. However, the high control gain, which could lead high velocity steady state fluctuations, is needed. Therefore, an extended state observer is introduced to estimate the disturbances. The estimated disturbances are further used by the velocity loop controller as a kind of feed-forward compensation to reduce the gain of the TCSMC method. The stability of the PMSM trajectory tracking system with the RCSMC algorithm is guaranteed by the Lyapunov stability criteria. Simulations have been conducted to verify the performance of the proposed RCSMC algorithm. Finally, the proposed RCSMC algorithm is applied in a practical 6-DOF manipulator, and the experimental results exhibit the extraordinary robustness and capabilities in dynamic position tracking characteristics, velocity response and disturbances rejection.

In this paper, a backstepping sliding mode controller based on a nonlinear disturbance observer (NDO-SMC) is proposed to realize the high-performance speed control of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM). This paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of the traditional backstepping sliding mode control algorithm (SMC) and integral backstepping sliding mode control algorithm (I-SMC) in the face of mismatched disturbances. In view of the shortcomings of these two algorithms, the idea of using a disturbance observer to observe disturbance and carry out dynamic compensation is proposed, and the composite controller is designed. The overshoot and settling time is improved by 30% and 8 s, respectively, for the proposed NDO-SMC controller compared with the SMC controller. The simulation and experimental results illustrate that the designed controller not only effectively solves the torque jitter problem of SMC, but also improves the overshoot problem caused by the integral module of I-SMC. There is also a better matching degree between the theoretical derivation, the simulation results, and experimental data. It also proves that the composite control algorithm proposed in this paper provides a meaningful solution to the operation disturbance suppression problem of the permanent magnet synchronous motor.

Permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSMs) are widely used in the field of industrial servo control, especially in high-precision applications. Owing to the periodic torque ripple caused by the cogging torque, flux harmonics, and current offsets, the speed output of the system has a periodic ripple, which affects the control accuracy of the servo system. The conventional proportional-integral controllers cannot reject torque ripple and are highly dependent on motor parameters. This limits the control performance when a PMSM is used as a high-precision servo system. Thus, this paper proposes a combination of model predictive control (MPC) and iterative learning control (ILC) to not only speed up the response time of the system but also effectively reduce the speed ripples. MPC updates the predictive model in real time through feedback and evaluates the system output and control rate according to the cost function. It obtains an optimal control sequence for the next moment and has good parameter robustness and fast response. ILC records the speed of ripple signals over an entire cycle and then uses those signals to compensate for the control signal in the next cycle. It is capable of reducing the periodic speed ripples. The experimental verification of the schemes was conducted on a digital signal processor-field programmable gate-array-based platform. The experimental results obtained confirm the effectiveness of the proposed MPC-ILC scheme.

Transportation electrification is gaining notoriety in recent years as to fulfill the aim of reducing the fossil fuels consumption and to increase energy efficiency. Accordingly, integrated starter alternator is a compelling method to convert conventional vehicles into hybrid ones. A deal of benefits can be reached by using ISA systems. In general, it provides vehicles performance enhancement and also reduces fuel consumption. This paper aims to present simulation results and preliminary experimental achievements with a power electronics-based prototype driving a permanent magnet synchronous machine (PMSM). The ISA operation is demonstrated throughout providing cranking torque and assistant torque for constant power and constant torque conditions and afterward the generation mode. Details of the hardware design and control strategies, which include an ADALINE neural network for properly find the mechanical position and the application of a metaheuristic technique to tune the controllers of the motor control, have been also addressed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a very high-speed operation (≥ 50 kr/min), the iron loss is not sufficiently small to be neglected. The iron loss alters the angle and magnitudes of the back electromotive force (EMF). The resistance representing the iron loss is calculated a priori from a finite-element analysis and incorporated into a lookup table, because it is dependent on the current magnitudes. Utilizing the extended EMF method, a sensorless control method is developed for a model that takes the iron loss into account. The proposed method overcomes the angle difference in the high-speed region, and the performance is demonstrated through simulation and experimental results. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]