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Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758). Blue Shark. To 383 cm (12.6 ft) TL; reported but not confirmed to 4.8���6.5 m (15.7���21.3 ft) TL (Compagno 1984). Circumglobal in temperate and tropical waters; western Pacific Ocean north to southern Kuril Islands (Savinykh 1998); Kodiak Island, western Gulf of Alaska (Karinen et al. 1985) to Chile (Miller and Lea 1972), including Gulf of California (Compagno et al. in Fischer et al. 1995), and Islas Gal��pagos (Grove and Lavenberg 1997). Oceanic pelagic; depth: surface to about 1,000 m (3,280 ft) (min.: Eschmeyer and Herald 1983; max.: Weigmann 2016). This species may more properly be placed in the genus Carcharhinus (Naylor et al. 2012)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 19, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Compagno, L. J. V. (1984) FAO Species Catalogue. Volume 4. Sharks of the World. Part 1. Hexanchiformes to Lamniformes. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO Fisheries Synopsis, No. 125, Volume 4, Parts 1 and 2. FAO, Rome.","Savinykh, V. F. (1998) Nekton composition of near-surface waters of the subarctic front zone in the northwest part of the Pacific Ocean according to the data of drift-net catches. Journal of Ichthyology, 38, 18 - 27.","Karinen, J. F., Wing, B. L. & Straty, R. R. (1985) Records and sightings of fish and invertebrates in the eastern Gulf of Alaska and oceanic phenonmenon related to the 1983 El Nino event. In: Wooster, W. S. & Fluherty, D. L. (Eds.), El Nino North: Nino Effects in the Eastern Subarctic Pacific Ocean. Washington Sea Grant Program, University of Washington, Seattle.","Miller, D. J. & Lea, R. N. (1972) Guide to the coastal marine fishes of California. California Department of Fish and Game Fish Bulletin, 157.","Fischer, W., Krupp, F., Schneider, W., Sommer, C., Carpenter, K. E. & Niem, V. H. (1995) Guia FAO para la identificacion para los fines de la pesca. Pacifico centro-oriental. Volume II, Vertebrados, Parte 1. Volume III, Vertebrados, Parte 2. FAO, Rome.","Grove, J. S. & Lavenberg, R. J. (1997) The Fishes of the Galapagos Islands. Stanford University Press, Stanford.","Eschmeyer, W. N. & Herald, E. S. (1983) A Field Guide to Pacific Coast Fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.","Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874","Naylor, G. J. P., Caira, J. N., Jensen, K., Rosana, K. A. M., White, W. T. & Last, P. R. (2012) A DNA sequence-based approach to the identification of shark and ray species and its implications for global elasmobranch diversity and parasitology. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, Number 367. https: // doi. org / 10.1206 / 754.1"]}

Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Prionace glauca: Baranes, 1979 (Heb.); Baranes & Diamant, 1983a (Heb.); Pisanty, 1986 (Fish., Heb.); Pisanty & Sonin, 1991 (Fish., Heb.); Pisanty & Sonin, 1992 (Fish., Heb.); Golani, 1996; Golani, 2005; Golani, 2006. SPHYRNIDAE, Published as part of Golani, Daniel, 2021, An updated Checklist of the Mediterranean fishes of Israel, with illustrations of recently recorded species and delineation of Lessepsian migrants, pp. 1-108 in Zootaxa 4956 (1) on page 8, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4956.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4691195, {"references":["Baranes, A. (1979) Mediterranean sharks (a guide). Land and Nature, 21 (5), 196 - 205. [in Hebrew]","Baranes, A. & Diamant, A. (1983 a) Selachii. In: Fischelson, L. (Ed.), Plants and Animals of the Land of Israel. Vol. 4, Ministry of Defense Publication, Tel-Aviv, pp. 32 - 36. [in Hebrew]","Pisanty, S. (1986) Fishing trials for swordfish Xiphias gladius off the Israeli Mediterranean coast. Fisheries and Fishbreeding in Israel, 19, 3 - 10. [in Hebrew]","Pisanty, S. & Sonin, O (1991) Fishing trials for swordfish Xiphias gladius off the Israeli coast during 1991. Fisheries and Fishbreeding in Israel, 24, 141 - 154. [in Hebrew]","Pisanty, S. & Sonin, O (1992) Fishing trials for swordfish Xiphias gladius off the Israeli coast during 1992. Fisheries and Fishbreeding in Israel, 25, 219 - 232. [in Hebrew]."]}

Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue Shark Squalus glaucus Linnaeus, 1758: 235. No types known. Type locality: northeastern Atlantic (localities include England and Italy). Local synonymy: Carcharias (Prionodon) glaucus: Lampe, 1914: 213. Carcharhinus glaucus: Barnard, 1925: 26; Barnard, 1947: 9. Glyphis glaucus: Fowler, 1936: 54, fig. 13; Fowler, 1941: 178; Smith, 1949a: 42, fig. 10; D’Aubrey, 1964a: 24, pl. 10; Smith, 1965: 42, fig. 10. Eulamia glaucus: von Bonde, 1934: 14. Prionace glauca: Bigelow & Schroeder, 1948b: 282; D’Aubrey, 1964a: 24, pl. 10; Bass et al., 1975b: 32, fig. 20, pl. 6; Compagno, 1984b: 521, fig.; Bass et al., 1986: 84, fig. 9.32, pl. 1; Compagno, 1988a: 349; Compagno et al., 1989: 70, pl.; Compagno et al., 1991: 88; Compagno, 1999: 120; Heemstra & Heemstra, 2004: 61; Compagno et al., 2005: 316, fig., pl. 51; Ebert et al., 2013 a: 495, fig., pl. 62; Mann, 2013: 42; NPOA, 2013: 43; Ebert & Dando, 2014: 27, fig.; da Silva et al., 2015: 246; Ebert & van Hees, 2015: 146; Compagno, 2016: 1323; Weigmann, 2016: 861. South Africa voucher material: SAIAB 6123 [ex ORI 1722], SAIAB 25716, SAIAB 27167, SAIAB 44228, SAIAB 46921, SAIAB 51222. South African distribution: Entire coastline from the Orange River (NC) to the KZN border with Mozambique. Remarks: Prionace glauca has one of the widest known ranges of any cartilaginous fish and occurs in all temperate and most subtropical seas. Off the west coast, it is quite abundant and appears to migrate around the south Atlantic between the African and South American continents depending on the size, sex, and life stage (da Silva et al., 2010). Conservation status: NT (2019)., Published as part of Ebert, David A., Wintner, Sabine P. & Kyne, Peter M., 2021, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of South Africa, pp. 1-127 in Zootaxa 4947 (1) on page 67, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4947.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4614567, {"references":["Linnaeus, C. (1758) Systema Naturae, Ed. X. (Systema naturae per regna tria naturae, secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis. Tomus I. Editio decima, reformata. Impensis Direct. Laurentii Salvii, Holmiae, 824 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 542","Lampe, M. 1914. Die fische der Deutschen S ʾ dpolar-Expedition 1901 - 1903. 3. Die hochsee- und k ʾ stenfische. Deutsch S ̡ dpolar-Expedition, 15 (2), 203 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / 9780643109148","Barnard, K. H. (1925) A monograph of the marine fishes of South Africa. Part I (Amphioxus, Cyclostomata, Elasmobranchii, and Teleostei-Isospondyli to Heterosomata). Annals of the South African Museum, 21, 1 - 418.","Barnard, K. H. (1947) A Pictorial Guide to South African Fishes. Marine and Freshwater. Maskew Miller Ltd, Cape Town, 226 pp.","Fowler, H. W. (1936) The marine fishes of West Africa based on the collection of the American Museum Congo expedition, 1909 - 1915. Part 1. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 70 (1), 1 - 605.","Fowler, H. W. (1941) The fishes of the groups Elasmobranchii, Holocephali, Isospondyli, and Ostarophysi obtained by the U. S. Bureau of Fisheries streamer \" Albatross \" in 1907 to 1910, chiefly in the Philippine Islands and adjacent seas. Bulletin United States National Museum, 100, 1 - 879.","Smith, J. L. B. (1949 a) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. South Africa Central News Agency Ltd., 550 pp.","D'Aubrey, J. D. (1964 a) Preliminary guide to the sharks found off the east coast of South Africa. South African Association for Marine Biological Research, Oceanographic Research Institute, Investigational Report, 8, 1 - 95.","Smith, J. L. B. (1965) The Sea Fishes of Southern Africa. 5 th Edition. Central News Agency Ltd., 580 pp.","von Bonde, C. (1934) Shark fishing as an industry. Union of South Africa, Department of Commerce and Industry, Fisheries and Marine Biological Survey, Investigational Report, Series 2, 1 - 19.","Bigelow, H. B. & Schroeder, W. C. (1948 b) Sharks. Fishes of the Western North Atlantic Part 1. Memoirs of the Sears Foundation for Marine Research, Series 1, 1, 56 - 576.","Bass, A. J., D'Aubrey, J. D. & Kistnasamy, N. (1975 b) Sharks of the east coast of southern Africa. III. The families Carcharhinidae (excluding Mustelus and Carcharhinus) and Sphyrnidae. Investigational Report. Oceanographic Research Institute, Durban, 38, 1 - 100.","Compagno, L. J. V. (1984 b) FAO Species Catalogue. Sharks of the World. An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date. FAO Fisheries Synopsis. Vol. 4. No. 125. Part 2. Carcharhiniformes. FAO, Rome, pp. 251 - 655.","Bass, A. J. & Compagno, L. J. V. (1986) Families Echinorhinidae, Proscyllidae, Odontaspidiidae, Mitsukurinidae. In: Smith, M. M. & Heemstra, P. C. (Eds.), Smith's Sea Fishes. Macmillan, Johannesburg, pp. 63 + 103 + 104 - 105.","Compagno, L. J. V. (1988 a) Sharks of the Order Carcharhiniformes. Princeton University Press, Princeton, New Jersey, 486 pp.","Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Smale, M. J. (1989) Guide to the Sharks and Rays of Southern Africa. Struik Publishers, Cape Town, 158 pp.","Compagno, L. J. V., Ebert, D. A. & Cowley, P. D. (1991) Distribution of offshore demersal cartilaginous fishes (class Chondrichthyes) of the west coast of southern Africa, with notes on their systematics. South African Journal of Marine Science, 11, 43 - 139. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 025776191784287664","Compagno, L. J. V. (1999) An overview of chondrichthyan systematics and biodiversity in southern Africa. Transactions of the Royal Society of South Africa, 54, 75 - 120. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00359199909520406","Heemstra, P. C. & Heemstra, E. (2004) Coastal Fishes of Southern Africa. National Inquiry Service Centre and South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Grahamstown, 488 pp.","Compagno, L., Dando, M. & Fowler, S. (2005) Field Guide to the Sharks of the World. Harper Collins Publishers Ltd, London, 368 pp.","Ebert, D. A., Fowler, S. & Compagno, L. J. V. (2013) Sharks of the World: A Fully Illustrated Guide to the Sharks of the World. Wild Nature Press, Plymouth, 528 pp.","Mann, B. Q. (2013) Southern African marine linefish species profiles. Oceanographic Research Institute, Special Publication, 9, 1 - 343.","NPOA. (2013) National Plan of Action for the Conservation and Management of Sharks (NPOA-Sharks). Department of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (DAFF), Rogge Bay, Cape Town, 63 pp.","Ebert, D. A. & Dando, M. (2014) On Board Guide for the Identification of Pelagic Sharks and Rays of the Western Indian Ocean. SmartFish Programme, FAO, Rome & Indian Ocean Commission, Port Louis, 109 pp.","da Silva C., Booth, A. J., Dudley, S. F. J., Kerwath, S. E., Lamberth, S. J., Leslie, R. W., McCord, M. E., Sauer, W. H. H. & Zweig, T. (2015) A description and updated overview of the status and management of South Africa's chondrichthyan fisheries. South African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 233 - 248. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1044471","Ebert, D. A. & van Hees, K. E. (2015) Beyond jaws: rediscovering the \" Lost Sharks \" of southern Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 37, 141 - 156. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2015.1048730","Compagno, L. J. V. (2016) Sharks. In: Carpenter, K. E. & De Angelis, N. (Eds.), The Living Marine Resources of the Eastern Central Atlantic. Vol. 2. Bivalves, Gastropods, Hagfishes, Sharks, Batoid Fishes, and Chimaeras. FAO Species Identification Guide for Fishery Purposes. FAO, Rome, pp. 1122 - 1336.","Weigmann, S. (2016) Annotated checklist of the living sharks, batoids and chimaeras (Chondrichthyes) of the world, with a focus on biogeographical diversity. Journal of Fish Biology, 88, 837 - 1037. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / jfb. 12874","da Silva C., Kerwath, S. E., Wilke, C. G., Meyer, M. & Lamberth, S. J. (2010) First documented southern transatlantic migration of a blue shark Prionace glauca tagged off South Africa. African Journal of Marine Science, 3, 639 - 642. https: // doi. org / 10.2989 / 1814232 X. 2010.540777"]}

Prionace glauca (Linnaeus 1758) ���Blue shark Taxonomy. First record from Lebanon as Prionace glauca (Linnaeus 1758) by George et al. (1964: 9); subsequently recorded as Prionace glauca (Linnaeus) by Mouneimn�� (1977: 60); as Prionace glauca (Linnaeus 1758) by Mouneimn�� (2002: 52). Distribution. Circumglobal in tropical through temperate seas (including Caribbean Sea, western Baltic Sea, North Sea, Mediterranean Sea). Conservation. IUCN: Global (NT: 1 October 2005); Med. (CR: A2bd, 25 March 2016). Capture and threats: FIT, FIB, unknown. Occurrence: Very rare. High priority for conservation action., Published as part of Bariche, Michel & Fricke, Ronald, 2020, The marine ichthyofauna of Lebanon: an annotated checklist, history, biogeography, and conservation status, pp. 1-157 in Zootaxa 4775 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4775.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/3983887, {"references":["George, C. J., Athanassiou, V. A. & Boulos, I. (1964) The fishes of the coastal waters of Lebanon. Miscellaneous Papers in the Natural Sciences. The American University of Beirut, 4, 1 - 24.","Mouneimne, N. (1977) Liste des poissons de la cote du Liban (Mediterranee orientale). Cybium, 3 (1), 37 - 66.","Mouneimne, N. (2002) Poissons marins du Liban et de la Mediterranee orientale. INCAM-EU / CNRS Lebanon, Beyrouth, 271 pp."]}

Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) Blue Shark Squalus glaucus Linnaeus, 1758: 235. No types known. Type locality: northeastern Atlantic (localities include England and Italy). Local synonymy: Prionace glauca— Filewood, 1973: 3 (PNG); Kailola, 1987: 18 (PNG); White et al., 2018: 172, figs (PNG). PNG voucher material: None. Remarks: First recorded from PNG by Filewood (1973). Common in bycatch of pelagic fisheries in PNG; verified by photographs, with accompanying muscle and vertebral samples, from fisheries observers during recent surveys. Found to be occasionally misidentified as longfin mako Isurus paucus., Published as part of White, William T. & Ko'Ou, Alfred, 2018, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of Papua New Guinea, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 4411 (1) on pages 39-40, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4411.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1221878, {"references":["Filewood, L. W. C. (1973) Guide to elasmobranch key, with notes on collection of data. Internal Department of Primary Industries, Fisheries report, Port Moresby, 18 pp.","Kailola, P. J. (1987) The fishes of Papua New Guinea. A revised and annotated checklist. Volume One: Myxinidae to Synbranchidae. Research Bulletin No. 41. Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Port Moresby, 194 pp.","Finucci, B., White, W. T., Kemper, J. & Naylor, G. J. P. (2018) Redescription of Chimaera ogilbyi (Chimaeriformes; Chimaeridae) from the Indo-Australian region. Zootaxa, 4375, 191 - 210. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4375.2.2"]}

Genus Prionace Cantor, 1849 Blue Shark Prionace Cantor, 1849: 1381. Type species: Squalus glaucus Linnaeus, 1758, designated by the ICZN (on official list, Opinion 723.3d, 1965, name no. 1660)., Published as part of White, William T. & Ko'Ou, Alfred, 2018, An annotated checklist of the chondrichthyans of Papua New Guinea, pp. 1-82 in Zootaxa 4411 (1) on page 39, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4411.1, http://zenodo.org/record/1221878, {"references":["Cantor, T. E. (1849) Catalogue of Malayan fishes. Journal of the Asiatic Society of Bengal, 18 (2), 983 - 1443."]}

* □ Prionace glauca (Linnaeus, 1758) – Blue shark; Tintureira ①②③, Tubarão-azul ②, Published as part of Carneiro, Miguel, Martins, Rogélia, Landi, Monica & Costa, Filipe O., 2014, Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf, pp. 1-73 in European Journal of Taxonomy 73 on page 12, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.73, http://zenodo.org/record/3866515