1. Exporters, Engineers, and Blue-Collar Workers
- Author
-
Brambilla, Irene, Lederman, Daniel, and Porto, Guido
- Subjects
TRADE LIBERALIZATION ,WAGE PREMIUM ,CENTRAL BANK ,RETURN ,FACTOR PRICES ,INFORMATION ,RETURNS TO SCALE ,VALUATION ,DEMAND ,CONSUMERS ,PRODUCT ,GDP ,VARIABLES ,COST INCREASES ,DEMAND FUNCTION ,WAGE INEQUALITY ,PRODUCTION FUNCTIONS ,EMPLOYMENT ,EXPORT MARKETS ,DOMESTIC MARKET ,POLITICAL ECONOMY ,EXCHANGE ,ACCOUNTING ,INTERNATIONAL ECONOMICS ,VALUE ,INCOME ,EXPORTS ,INPUT PRICES ,OUTCOMES ,FOREIGN MARKETS ,INSTRUMENT ,PRODUCTIVITY ,PRODUCTION WORKERS ,AGGREGATE DEMAND ,UNSKILLED LABOR ,LABOR PRODUCTIVITY ,WORKERS ,POLICIES ,FINANCIAL CRISIS ,INTERNATIONAL TRADE ,PLANT SIZE ,SKILL UPGRADING ,RETURNS ,SHARES ,LABOR ECONOMICS ,EXCHANGE RATE ,GOOD ,GOODS ,TOTAL SALES ,PRICE ,SKILLED WORKERS ,MARGINAL COST ,REAL EXCHANGE RATE ,CONSTANT RETURNS TO SCALE ,ORGANIZATIONS ,TOTAL EMPLOYMENT ,OPTION ,MARGINAL COSTS ,SKILLED LABOR ,WORKER ,MARKETS ,DEVELOPING COUNTRIES ,EXPORTERS ,INTERNATIONAL BANK ,REAL GDP ,PRICES ,WAGES ,UNSKILLED WORKERS ,MANAGEMENT ,DOMESTIC MARKETS ,LABOR ,SALES ,PRODUCTION ,EXPORTER ,ECONOMICS ,EMPLOYMENT COMPOSITION ,INSTRUMENTS ,THEORY ,PRODUCT QUALITY ,DEVELOPMENT POLICY ,TRENDS ,GUARANTEES ,TRADE ,PRODUCTS ,EMPLOYMENT INFORMATION ,PRODUCTION FUNCTION ,MARKET ,WAGE GAP ,PRODUCTIVE FIRMS ,SHARE ,COMPETITIVE MARKETS ,EXPORT PERFORMANCE ,MARKETING ,FIRM PERFORMANCE - Abstract
This paper investigates differences in the composition of employment between exporting and non-exporting firms. In particular, it asks whether exporting firms hire more engineers relative to blue-collar workers than non-exporting firms. In a stylized partial-equilibrium model, firms produce goods of varying quality and exporters tend to produce higher quality goods, which are intensive in engineers relative to blue-collar workers. Firms are heterogeneous and more productive firms become exporters and have a higher demand for engineers. The paper provides causal evidence in support of these theories using the Chilean Encuesta Nacional Industrial Anual, an annual census of manufacturing firms. The results from an instrumental variable estimator suggest that Chilean exporters indeed utilize a higher share of engineers over blue-collar workers.
- Published
- 2016