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OBJETIVO: relacionar os conhecimentos científico e empírico e sua importância para a confecção de um laudo pericial. MÉTODO: Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo, explicativo do tipo Revisão Narrativa da Literatura. DISCUSSÃO: O conhecimento empírico é todo saber adquirido da experiência prática, do dia-a-dia utilizado na interpretação de si próprio e do mundo, está diretamente aliado ao saber classista, resistente em modificação de ideias, comportamentos e informações. O conhecimento científico é adquirido na escola, advindo de rigor metodológico e que podem comprovar uma hipótese, cujas características são a sistematização (responsável pela formação da teoria), verificabilidade (comprovação através da ciência), falível (não é definitiva). A ciência não é uma verdade absoluta e sim um processo inacabado e cinético; não sendo o único caminho para se conhecer a verdade, sendo necessário um diálogo entre o conhecimento científico e o empírico, para a elaboração de laudos periciais fidedignos à realidade apresentada. O laudo do perito é a materialização da prova pericial, sendo utilizado no meio judiciário como prova de acordo com o Código Civil, sua finalidade é a apresentação da perícia realizada e sua concretização instrumental, peculiar da função de auxiliar do juiz, fornecendo dados instrutórios, cuja função é formar elementos de prova que auxiliarão o magistrado a proferir uma sentença com adequada fundamentação. CONCLUSÃO: O laudo pericial adequado e com validade jurídica, se dá através da utilização do conhecimento científico haja vista os métodos já serem testados e validados, sendo o método empírico útil na formulação de hipóteses para auxiliar o perito em seu trabalho.

The COVID-19 pandemic has brought challenges in all spheres of society, which have included significant changes in teachers' work environments, bringing additional individual and family psycho-emotional factors. The study aimed to identify stressors and describe the challenges faced by nursing faculty at two Brazilian higher education institutions during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach; data collection occurred in the state of Rio de Janeiro, and was carried out in two higher education institutions. The study population consisted of 41 teachers. The sample corresponded to the professors who answered the online questionnaire, 20 from a public institution and 12 from a private institution. It was identified that the majority were female (75%). The analyses were performed with the IRAMUTEQ® software using the Analysis of Similitude and the Word Cloud. Two categories were found: "The fears experienced by teachers in the COVID-19 pandemic" and "Challenges in adapting teachers to the pandemic period." The results indicated that the demands attributed by remote teaching overloaded the teachers due to the need for the work to have been considerably increased and the mixed character of the work and home environment to be associated. It is believed that the present study reflects contributions to the scientific and academic community, while enabling a better understanding of teacher coping with the pandemic period, aiming at future analyses and interventions of other public health emergencies to protect the psychoemotional and social balance of teachers.

19 pages, 8 figures, 1 table.-- This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, Seabird guano enters coastal waters providing bioavailable substrates for microbial plankton, but their role in marine ecosystem functioning remains poorly understood. Two concentrations of the water soluble fraction (WSF) of gull guano were added to different natural microbial communities collected in surface waters from the Ría de Vigo (NW Spain) in spring, summer, and winter. Samples were incubated with or without antibiotics (to block bacterial activity) to test whether gull guano stimulated phytoplankton and bacterial growth, caused changes in taxonomic composition, and altered phytoplankton–bacteria interactions. Alteromonadales, Sphingobacteriales, Verrucomicrobia and diatoms were generally stimulated by guano. Chlorophyll a (Chl a) concentration and bacterial abundance significantly increased after additions independently of the initial ambient nutrient concentrations. Our study demonstrates, for the first time, that the addition of guano altered the phytoplankton–bacteria interaction index from neutral (i.e. phytoplankton growth was not affected by bacterial activity) to positive (i.e. phytoplankton growth was stimulated by bacterial activity) in the low-nutrient environment occurring in spring. In contrast, when environmental nutrient concentrations were high, the interaction index changed from positive to neutral after guano additions, suggesting the presence of some secondary metabolite in the guano that is needed for phytoplankton growth, which would otherwise be supplied by bacteria, This research was part of the INTERES project (CTM2017-83362-R) by the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness. Funding for open access charge: Universidade de Vigo/CISUG. Maider Justel-Díez was supported by Xunta de Galicia fellowship and Erick Delgadillo-Nuño by an FPI fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness

Objective: to analyze the coping/resilience strategies developed by students from two higher education institutions (HEIs) during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study with a qualitative approach, carried out in two HEIs, one public and one private, located in the Norte Fluminense region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. The sample of students who answered the questionnaire was 140 from the public institution and 150 from the private institution. The IRAMUTEQ® software was used to generate the similarity analysis and word cloud. Results: Of the 290 participating students, it was identified that the majority belonged to the female sex, 84.5% (n=246) and 15.1% (n=44) were male, the age profile was from 17 to 58 years, where 7.2% (n=21) were in the age group of fewer than 20 years, 81.1% (n=236) in the age group of 20 to 39 years, and 11.3% (n=33) aged 40 to 59 years. Discussion: From the deep analysis we presented two categories 1 Adaptive capacity of undergraduate nursing students in the COVID-19 pandemic period and 2 Spirituality, interaction with friends and family decreases the deleterious effects of social isolation Conclusion: it was evidenced the adaptive capacity and spirituality, as well as friends and family, was fundamental, as a form of resilience; it is explicit that knowing how to deal with day-to-day difficulties, having a support network, remaining psychologically positive helps in solving problems in various areas of life.

Freshwater availability continues to decline as climate change renders water resources to progressively become limited. Japan is forecasted to experience extremely severe water shortages in key tourism destinations such as Tokyo, Osaka, and Wakayama in the next few years. Therefore, this short communication discusses future research needs by addressing current issues surrounding water sustainability in the Japanese tourism sector and proposing a pro-environmental behaviour approach. Specifically, this communication paper establishes the importance of national culture as a key factor influencing pro-environmental behaviour amongst tourists and hosts. The proposed research will enhance theoretical knowledge by incorporating the role of Japanese culture in shaping behavioural change towards water conversation in tourism while strengthening industry practice through a water-saving intervention. As tourism is a key contributor to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDG), pursuing this research area will directory contribute to SDG6, “Clean water and Sanitation”.

International audience; During embryonic development, several independent generations of hematopoietic cells were identified. They occur in the yolk sac and the intra-embryonic major arteries, in a narrow window of development. They arise sequentially, starting with primitive erythrocytes in the yolk sac blood islands, progressing to less differentiated erythromyeloid progenitors still in the yolk sac, and culminating with multipotent progenitors, some of which will generate the adult hematopoietic stem cell compartment. All these cells contribute to the formation of a layered hematopoietic system that reflects adaptative strategies to the fetal environment and the embryo's needs. It is mostly composed, at these stages, of erythrocytes and tissue-resident macrophages both of yolk sac origin, the latter persisting throughout life. We propose that subsets of lymphocytes of embryonic origin derive from a different intra-embryonic generation of multipotent cells occurring before the emergence of hematopoietic stem cell progenitors. These multipotent cells have a limited lifespan and generate cells that provide basic protection against pathogens before the adaptive immune system is functional, contribute to tissue development and homeostasis, and shape the establishment of a functional thymus. Understanding the properties of these cells will impact the understanding of childhood leukemia and of adult autoimmune pathology and thymic involution.

This work is the result of one of the activities of the Training Assistant Course of CBMERJ and aimed to analyze critically the Film “The Day of the Attack” and discuss expert actions that are addressed during the film from the perspective of Brazilian expertise. Methods: This is a qualitative research of the type Critical Review of Film and written in eight steps: identification of the work, Identification of the author of the film, presentation of the work, description of the structure, writing on the content, critical analysis of the object of the film, recommendation to the audience of interest and identification of the designer. Results and discussion: after watching the film, it was possible to discuss the scene where there is the explosion in the Boston Marathon, and bring elements of Brazilian legislation and literature that corroborate the actions of the film. Final Considerations: it was possible to visualize through the film some stages of the process of expertise, the need to invest in the psychological approach of the agents in charge of investigations, the valorization of the Nurse as a pre-hospital care professional and co-responsible for the preservation of traces and maintenance of the chain of custody, and the critical review is a relevant pedagogical action in the scientific development of the student of the Auxiliary Skills Course. Este trabajo es el resultado de una de las actividades del Curso de Asistente de Capacitación de CBMERJ y tuvo como objetivo analizar críticamente la película “El Día del Ataque” y discutir las acciones de expertos que se abordan durante la película desde la perspectiva de la experiencia brasileña. Métodos: Se trata de una investigación cualitativa del tipo Critical Review of Film y escrita en ocho pasos: identificación de la obra, identificación del autor de la película, presentación de la obra, descripción de la estructura, escritura sobre el contenido, análisis crítico del objeto de la película, recomendación al público de interés e identificación del diseñador. Resultados y discusión: después de ver la película, fue posible discutir la escena donde se produce la explosión en el Maratón de Boston, y traer elementos de la legislación y literatura brasileña que corroboran d'eat con las acciones de la película. Consideraciones finales: se logró visualizar a través de la película algunas etapas del proceso de experticia, la necesidad de invertir en el abordaje psicológico de los agentes encargados de las investigaciones, la valorización de la Enfermera como profesional de cuidados prehospitalarios y corresponsable de la preservación de rastros y mantenimiento de la cadena de custodia, y la revisión crítica es una acción pedagógica relevante en el desarrollo científico del alumno del Curso de Habilidades Auxiliares. Este trabalho é fruto de uma das atividades do Curso de Auxiliar de Pericias do CBMERJ e teve como objetivo analisar de forma Critica o Filme “O Dia do Atentado” e discutir ações periciais que são abordadas durante o filme na ótica da perícia Brasileira. Métodos: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa do tipo Resenha Crítica de Filme e escrita em oito passos: identificação da obra, Identificação de o autor do filme, apresentação da obra, descrição da estrutura, escrita sobre o conteúdo, análise crítica do objeto do filme, recomendação para o público de interesse e identificação do resenhista. Resultados e discussão: após assistir ao filme, foi possível discorrer acerca da cena onde há a explosão na maratona de Boston, e trazer elementos da legislação e da literatura Brasileira que corroborassem com as ações do filme. Considerações Finais: foi possível visualizar através do filme algumas etapas do processo de perícia, da necessidade de investir na abordagem psicológica dos agentes encarregados das investigações, da valorização do Enfermeiro enquanto profissional de atendimento pré-hospitalar e corresponsável pela preservação dos vestígios e manutenção da cadeia de custódia, sendo a resenha crítica uma ação pedagógica relevante no desenvolvimento científico do aluno do Curso de Auxiliar de Perícias.

Openness and transparency constitute a foundational principle for research integrity, as set out in the UK Concordat to Support Research Integrity. Openness can promote rigour, constructive scrutiny, accountability and can enable others to build on research. However, it can also bring challenges. Critically, what openness and transparency can and should mean varies across disciplines and fields of study. This is one of a series of case studies in a wide range of disciplines that illustrate these differences. The series is intended to enable researchers to see similarities and differences between fields, and to inform those supporting open research through, for example, training, policies or incentives. It is based on a single interview with a researcher, and is therefore illustrative rather than representative.

Mientras que la región presenta un amplio potencial de mejora de eficiencia en inversión pública (hacer más con menos recursos disponibles) resulta crucial potenciar mecanismos que incentiven a una inversión más activa y sostenible por parte del sector privado. La participación del sector privado puede contribuir al mejor desarrollo, operación y mantenimiento de los activos y provisión de servicios de infraestructura en tiempos de crisis, así como a preservar niveles de inversión adecuados ante un contexto de enormes dificultades fiscales, contribuyendo al crecimiento económico de la región y a reducir la desigualdad entre sus habitantes mediante el acceso a más y mejores oportunidades. Entender cómo se fondea y financia la infraestructura económica y social en la región, y cómo potenciar y diversificar la presencia de inversores públicos y privados de diferente perfil es un paso fundamental para generar y/o mejorar las condiciones para atraer un mayor y mejor financiamiento, y de este modo cubrir las necesidades de inversión no cubiertas.

Debntures Incentivadas or incentivized bonds are securities first issued in 2012 whose interest and capital gains enjoy income tax exemption conditional on using funds to finance infrastructure expenditures. They have a minimum duration at issuance of four years, are denominated in reais and traded in local markets under national jurisdiction. In US dollar terms, the value of bonds issued reached a peak of $9.5 billion in 2019, and the overall number of bonds since inception of the program exceeds 400. The amount of infrastructure bonds issued every year rivals BNDES loans in terms of the total amounts of financing of infrastructure projects. The Brazilian experience with creating a market for incentivized bonds can be useful to other countries in the region seeking to develop long-term financing markets in local currency to finance infrastructure.

EnglishThis qualitative research, guided by the Weberian comprehensive method, aimed to understand the teacher's role in the internationalization process in thePostgraduatePrograms of a municipal public institution of higher education. We seek to characterize the actions of teachers, as well as apprehend their reasons, in the internationalization process. Regarding the theoretical framework, the studies of Knight, Sanderson, among others, supported the analysis of the empirical material. Regarding the instruments for data generation and research sources, we conducted analysis of documents from public archives and semi-structured interviews with four teachers linked to the institution. The results indicated, in the teachers' performance, intellectual production, academic-scientific exchange, intercultural management,and internationalization of the curriculum, as types of rational action in purpose and values. Therefore, we understand that the role of postgraduate teachers is shaped by their cosmopolitan role in the process of intra-institutional internationalization. EnglishEsta investigacion cualitativa, guiada por el metodo integral weberiano, tenia como objetivo comprender el papel del docente en el proceso de internacionalizacion enlos Programas de Posgraduacionde una institucion publica municipal de educacion superior. Para ello, buscamos caracterizar las acciones de los docentes, asi como comprender sus razones, en el proceso de internacionalizacion. Con respecto al marco teorico, los estudios de Knight, Sanderson, entre otros, respaldaron el analisis del material empirico. Con respecto a los instrumentos para la generacion de datos y fuentes de investigacion, realizamos analisis de documentos de archivos publicos y entrevistas semiestructuradas con cuatro docentes vinculados a la institucion. Los resultados indicaron, en el desempeno de los docentes, la produccion intelectual, el intercambio academico-cientifico, la gestion intercultural y la internacionalizacion del curriculo, como tipos de accion racional en proposito y valores. En vista de esto, entendemos que el papel de los docentes de posgrado esta conformado por su papel cosmopolita en el proceso de internacionalizacion intrainstitucional.

O texto apresenta a pesquisa realizada no Tribunal de Justiça do Estado de Goiás(Brasil), mais especificamente na primeira e na segunda Câmaras Criminais, na qual são analisados os dados de julgamentos e decisões nos pedidos de Habeas Corpus dos respectivos órgãos colegiados. Verifica-se uma tendência da primeira Câmara para refutar os pedidos de Habeas Corpus e uma definição da segunda Câmara para a negação da grande maioria dos pedidos que lhes são dirigidos. Assim, se torna evidente uma subjetividade do Tribunal de Justiça, que atuando em simbiose com o Ministério Público, é estranha ao equilibrio que é almejado pelo Estado Democrático de Direito, fato que interfere diretamente nas políticas públicas de aprisionamento.

This article reports the effectiveness of technology that provides eco-feedback, along with priming, anchoring and goal-setting, to reduce shower lengths in two randomized field experiments developed in six tourism accommodations across Denmark, Spain, and the UK. Shower length is found to be 13.56% shorter when real-time continuous eco-feedback is provided compared to a control. The presence of messages using priming, anchoring, and goal-setting techniques further reduces shower duration, with the largest reduction in shower length, of 21.27% over the control, being achieved by a message priming selfless values with low anchor/goal-setting, which reflects a high effort target. The study validates, and expands, the Feedback Intervention Theory and, methodologically, uses smart technology to collect actual shower data unobtrusively. This article advances the sustainability agenda in relation to water conservation and pro-environmental behavior change, emphasizing the higher effectiveness of combining technology with behavioral change to foster pro-environmental behavior, compared to technology alone.