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THE MEASUREMENT PORTION of PG&E's study was concerned with identifying and quantifying bias errors (fixed or systematic errors) which are independent of the general uncertainty (random errors) in measurement associated [...]

LOST AND UNACCOUNTED-FOR gas is the term used by the gas industry to define the difference between the quantity of gas received into and delivered out of a system over [...]

IN A RECENT study, Pacific Gas & Electric Co. (PG&E) attributed 38 % of its unaccounted-for gas to orifice metering uncertainty biasing caused by straightening vanes. How this was determined [...]

How to maintain construction quality while reducing cost PG&E uses spoil recycling, asphalt and concrete grinding in pipe line replacement project Louis Sanchietti, General Foreman Gas Construction, Pacific Gas and [...]

Today, power lines are often operated at their limits while utilities continue to face delays in installing new facilities. Thermal limits occur when the maximum allowable conductor sag is reached. [...]

Pacific Gas and Electric Co. solved its problems related to the regional access of marketing survey results through its Service Evaluation Data Management System, which places such information on an electronic data base for easy access. This data base application also guards against loss, ensures accuracy, and transfers information control to regional users, while assisting users with the interpretation of survey results. The advantages of the computerized system include: cost effectiveness, information transfer speed, employee time-savings, accuracy, and direct access. Installing such a data base system requires: planning and authorization, user-friendly programming, preparation of a user's manual, user training, systems testing, scheduling the phases of the implementation, monitoring the system's operations, modifying the system as necessary, and providing for system maintenance.

The use of in-duct selective catalytic reduction (SCR) is often limited by available duct space for catalyst installation as well as less than optimal distribution profiles for flue gas velocity, [...]

Nebraska Public Power District (NPPD) and KN Energy Inc. recently announced they are working together on a state-of-the-art energy management project. The utilities join Pacific Gas and Electric (PG&E), the [...]

Poor maintenance and repair services by heating, ventilation and air conditioning (hvac) contractors contribute to inefficient hvac systems, according to Pacific Gas and Electric Co research. Problems such as improper air flow, refrigerant leaks and improper settings are sometimes not solved by contractors inspecting hvac systems. Ways to improve such service include making maintenance and repair more economically viable, using a common inspection system and holding contractors accountable for their work., PHILADELPHIA -- Affordable comfort? That's not necessarily an oxymoron. We can heat homes in the winter and cool them in the summer without going broke -- if (and that's a [...]

Results from the first three years' operation of the Photovoltaics for Utility Scale Application (PVUSA) project were reported at the recent American Power Conference by Tammie Candelario of Pacific Gas [...]