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INTROUCTION: Spinal anesthesia (SA) has become a popular technique for LSCS as it is advantageous being a quick, safe and a reliable option that also provides analgesia post-operatively. Hyperbaric drugs which are routinely used can produce very high blocks in pregnant women because of decreased volume and increased pressure of CSF due to engorged epidural veins which is a result of aorto-caval compression and high CSF pressure. Haemodynamic changes1,2,3 like hypotension, Bradycardia were commonly associated complication with spinal-anaesthesia in obstetric parturients. For minimizing spinal-induced haemodynamic changes with anticholinergic drugs may be of interest. Anticholinergics like atropine and Glycopyrrolate are routinely used in anaesthesia for premedication. Atropine easily crosses placental barrier and blood-brain barrier as it has a tertiary amine structure. However, Glycopyrrolate having a structure of quaternary amine, limits its ability to cross these barriers. Hence Glycopyrrolate is the desired option for obstetric parturients AIMS and OBJECTIVES: To study the haemodynamic stability, efficacy and other adverse effects of Glycopyrroate during spinal anaesthesia for caesarean delivery. MATERIAL SOURCE: All the partirients who are undergoing caesarean section divided in to 2 groups of 30 in each group G and Group C. They are included and excluded depending on their physical status and any contra indications to Spinal anaesthesia Results: showed more stable haemodynamics in Group G showing Glycopyrrolate5, 6, 7, 8 is better anticholinergic drug which does not cross placenta barrier. Conclusion: Pre-treatment before administering spinal anaesthesia (SA) in pregnant women who are posted for elective caesarean sections with 0.2 mg of Glycopyrrolate in patients decreases the incidence of hypotension before the extraction of the neonate. Glycopyrrolate also reduces the incidence of Bradycardia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and Objectives: Patients now live longer thanks to advanced cancer treatments and early cancer identification. In this study, the efficacy of celiac plexus and splanchnic nerve blocks for pain management and quality of life in patients with upper abdominal malignancies at three months is compared. Material and Methods: This prospective, randomized trial compared the efficaciousness of a splanchnic nerve block vs a celiac plexus block for managing excruciating pain, as well as the side effects associated with both neurolytic blocks. This study was carried out at the Department of Anaesthesiology, Kurnool Medical College, Andhra Pradesh, India. From the patients who are part of this investigation, informed permission was acquired. Using data from the pilot study conducted between August 2022 to July 2023, a sample size of 20 was chosen. Results: Out of 60, a total of 20 patients that were evaluated for eligibility, 10 individuals were found to not meet the necessary inclusion criteria, while an additional 10 patients chose not to partake in the study. A total of sixty patients were randomly assigned to groups over the course of the trial. Group SNB consisted of 10 patients, while Group CPB also included 10 patients. In order to elucidate the descriptive data statistics, the frequency analysis method was employed for categorical variables, while the mean and standard deviation were utilized for continuous variables. Conclusion: The statistical data and findings of this study demonstrate that a splanchnic nerve block exhibits clinical comparability to a celiac plexus block, but with statistically significant discrepancies that hold little clinical significance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]