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Abstract Background The Anopheles funestus group includes at least 11 sibling species, with Anopheles funestus Giles being the most studied and significant malaria vector. Other species, like Anopheles parensis, are understudied despite their potential role in transmission. This article provides insights into the biology and insecticide susceptibility of An. parensis, with observations of its densities in northwestern Tanzania. Methods Mosquitoes were collected in three villages in Misungwi district, northwestern Tanzania, using CDC light traps and battery-powered aspirators indoors and human-baited double net traps outdoors. Female Anopheles adults were morphologically sorted and identified by PCR, and a subset was tested by ELISA for vertebrate blood meal sources and Plasmodium sporozoite infections. Insecticide susceptibility was assessed using the WHO protocol (2nd edition, 2018). Unfed females were dissected to assess parity, gonotrophic status and insemination status, while blood-fed females were monitored for oviposition to estimate egg counts. The prevalence of An. parensis was generally < 24% across all sites, except in Ngaya village, where it unexpectedly constituted 84% of PCR-amplified An. funestus sensu lato. This species was present in both indoor and outdoor collections, yet the females exclusively fed on non-human vertebrates, with no human blood meals detected. Parity rates were approximately 49% for resting and 46% for host-seeking females, with slightly higher percentages of both parous and inseminated females in the dry season compared to the wet season. Most parous females had oviposited once or twice, with those in the dry season ovipositing significantly more eggs. The average wing length of female An. parensis was 2.93 mm, and there was no significant impact of body size on parity, fecundity or insemination. The An. parensis mosquitoes were fully susceptible to pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates and organochlorides. Results The prevalence of An. parensis was generally < 24% across all sites, except in Ngaya village, where it unexpectedly constituted 84% of PCR-amplified An. funestus sensu lato. This species was present in both indoor and outdoor collections, yet the females exclusively fed on non-human vertebrates, with no human blood meals detected. Parity rates were approximately 49% for resting and 46% for host-seeking females, with slightly higher percentages of both parous and inseminated females in the dry season compared to the wet season. Most parous females had oviposited once or twice, with those in the dry season ovipositing significantly more eggs. The average wing length of female An. parensis was 2.93 mm, and there was no significant impact of body size on parity, fecundity or insemination. The An. parensis mosquitoes were fully susceptible to pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates and organochlorides.. Conclusion This study offers insights into the behaviours and insecticide susceptibility of An. parensis. Primarily feeding on non-human hosts, An. parensis is less significant in malaria transmission than more anthropophilic vectors. Unlike the pyrethroid-resistant An. funestus sensu stricto, An. parensis remains fully susceptible to public health insecticides despite the use of insecticidal bed nets. These findings provide a foundation for future research and may inform control strategies targeting residual malaria transmission involving An. parensis. Graphical Abstract

Dian-Jeng Li,1– 3 Agata Chudzicka-Czupa&lstrok;a,4 Mateusz Paliga,5 Nadiya Hapon,6 Liudmyla Karamushka,7 Marta &Zdot;ywio&lstrok;ek-Szeja,4 Roger S McIntyre,8– 10 Soon-Kiat Chiang,11 Yi-Lung Chen,12,13 Cheng-Fang Yen,1,14,15 Roger Ho Chun Man16,17 1Graduate Institute of Medicine and School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan; 2Department of Addiction Science, Kaohsiung Municipal Kai-Syuan Psychiatric Hospital, Kaohsiung, 80276, Taiwan; 3Department of Nursing, Meiho University, Pingtung, 91200, Taiwan; 4Faculty of Psychology, SWPS University of Social Sciences and Humanities, Katowice, Poland; 5Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of Psychology, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; 6Department of Psychology, Faculty of Philosophy, Ivan Franko National University in Lviv, Lviv, Ukraine; 7G. S. Kostiuk Institute of Psychology, National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine; 8Department of Psychiatry University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 9Department of Pharmacology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada; 10Brain and Cognition Discovery Foundation, Toronto, Canada; 11Department of Psychological Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 12Department of Psychology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; 13Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; 14Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; 15College of Professional Studies, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, Taiwan; 16Department of Psychological Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore; 17Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, SingaporeCorrespondence: Cheng-Fang Yen, Department of Psychiatry, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Tzyou 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 80708, Taiwan, Tel +886-7-3121101 ext. 6822, Fax +886-7-3134761, Email chfaye@cc.kmu.edu.tw Yi-Lung Chen, Department of Healthcare Administration, Asia University, No. 500, Lioufeng Road, Wufeng, Taichung, 41354, Taiwan, Tel +886-4-23323456&num;20106, Fax +886-4-23321206, Email elong@asia.edu.twBackground: The Russo-Ukrainian War has resulted in massive social, economic, and psychological burdens worldwide. This study aimed to investigate the associations between time spent on the war-related news and psychological distress, including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and the mediating effects of rumination on the associations in people residing in Poland and Ukraine.Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited 1438 internet users in Poland and Ukraine, and collected data on levels of rumination, psychological distress, and the amount of time spent on and sources of the news of the Russo-Ukrainian War. Structural equation modeling with bootstrapping methods was used to evaluate the mediation effect. Multivariate linear regression was used to identify predictive effect of the source of the war-related news on psychological distress and rumination.Results: The results showed a mediating effect of rumination on the association between the amount of time spent on the war-related news and psychological distress among participants in Poland (β = 0.16, p < 0.001) and Ukraine (β = 0.15, p < 0.001). Approaching the news from television was associated with rumination (β = 0.607, p < 0.001) and PTSD symptoms in Poland (β = 2.475, p = 0.009), while approaching news from the internet was associated with rumination in Poland (β = 0.616, p = 0.001).Conclusion: The study identified the mediating effect of rumination and the associations of approaching the war-related news from television and the internet with mental health.Keywords: Russo-Ukrainian war, rumination, psychological distress, mediation, time spent on the news of war

Abstract The Russo-Ukrainian War has led to a humanitarian crisis, and many people volunteered to help affected refugees. This cross-sectional survey study investigates the relationships between the psychological impact of participation, coping mechanisms, and motivational functions of volunteering during the Russo-Ukrainian War among 285 Ukrainian and 435 Polish volunteers (N = 720). Multivariate linear regression was used to examine relationships between motivational functions and psychosocial and demographic characteristics. Ukrainian volunteers reported significantly higher Hyperarousal and Avoidance, Depression, Anxiety, and Stress, Problem-focused, Emotion-focused, and Avoidant coping, as well as total scores of Hardiness and Psychological Capital than Polish counterparts. Linear regression analysis found that Impact of the Event Scale results, Coping with Stress, being a female, unemployed, and religious were significantly associated with higher motivational functions. Ukrainian volunteers could significantly reduce negative feelings and strengthen social networks and religious faith by volunteering, while Polish volunteers were significantly more likely to gain skills and psychosocial development from helping others.

Abstract The present study aimed to investigate the factors associated with the level of rumination about the war among people living in Poland and Ukraine. This cross‐sectional study recruited internet users from advertisements on social media. Levels of rumination, Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS), Impact of Event Scale‐Revised (IES‐R), time spent on news of the war, and related demographic variables were collected. The reliability and construct validity of rumination were estimated. Potential factors associated with the level of rumination were identified using univariate linear regression analysis, and further entered into a stepwise multivariate linear regression model to identify independent factors. Due to the non‐normality of distribution, multivariate linear regression with 5000 bootstrap samples was used to verify the results. A total of 1438 participants were included in the analysis, of whom 1053 lived in Poland and 385 lived in Ukraine. The questionnaires on rumination were verified to have satisfactory reliability and validity. After analysis with stepwise and bootstrap regression, older age, female gender, higher DASS and IES‐R scores, and longer time spent on news of the war were significantly associated with higher levels of rumination for both people living in Poland and Ukraine. Lower self‐rated health status, history of chronic medical illness and coronavirus disease 2019 infection were also positively associated with rumination for people living in Poland. We identified several factors associated with the level of rumination about the Russo‐Ukrainian War. Further investigations are warranted to understand how rumination affects individuals’ lives during crises such as war.

Background: The 2022 War in Ukraine has significantly affected the psychological well-being and daily lives of people in many countries. Objective: Two aims of this transnational study were (1) to compare psychological distress and coping strategies among people living in Ukraine, Poland, and Taiwan, (2) to examine whether the associations between various coping strategies (ie. problem-focused coping, emotion-focused coping, and avoidance) and psychological distress (ie. depression, anxiety, stress, posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms, and hopelessness about the ongoing war) differed among people of various countries during the initial stage of the 2022 War in Ukraine. Method: In total, 1,598 participants (362 from Ukraine, 1,051 from Poland, and 185 from Taiwan) were recruited using an online advertisement to complete online survey questionnaires, including the Brief Coping Orientation to Problems Experienced inventory; the 21-item Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale; the Impact of Event Scale-Revised; and a questionnaire devised to assess the level of hopelessness about the ongoing war. Results: Psychological distress and adoption of coping strategies differed across people of various countries. Among Taiwanese and Polish respondents, avoidant coping strategies were most strongly associated with all categories of psychological distress compared with problem- and emotion-focused coping strategies. However, the associations of various coping strategies with psychological distress differed to a less extent among Ukrainian respondents. In addition, problem- and emotion-focused coping strategies had comparable associations with psychological distress among the people of Ukraine, Poland, and Taiwan. Conclusions: The 2022 War in Ukraine has affected the psychological well-being of people, especially the Ukrainians. Because of the strong association between the adoption of avoidance coping strategies and psychological distress, despite a less extent among Ukrainian respondents, adaptive coping strategies such as (problem- and emotion-focused) are suggested to help people during times of war.

Objectives The aim of the present study was to explore whether remote and on-site work stress during the COVID-19 pandemic was experienced with different severity. The second goal was to investigate stress conditions at both working modes. Material and Methods The study involved 946 individuals working in the education system and BSS sector in different Polish organizations. The following tools were used: the Brief Scale of Vocational Stress by Dudek and Hauk, the Polish version of the scales to measure work–family conflicts by Grzywacz, Frone, Brewer and Kovner, Meyer and Allen’s Affective, Continuance, and Normative Commitment Scales in the Polish adaptation by Bańka, Wołowska and Bazińska, the Satisfaction with Job Scale by Zalewska. Results The analysis of intergroup differences revealed that remote work stress severity was significantly lower than on-site work stress severity. The regression analyses proved that work–family conflict and job satisfaction were significant predictors of remote and on-site work stress. Continuance commitment positively predicted on-site work stress. Both models turned out to be statistically significant. The variables included in the models explained 39% and 35% of the variability of the remote work and on-site work stress, respectively. Conclusions Remote work is associated with lower stress severity than on-site work. For both types of work, the higher the level of work–family conflict, the higher the level of stress severity, but the higher the job satisfaction, the lower the stress severity. Continuance commitment is positively related to on-site stress, which means that people who work for an organization and see no alternative feel more stressed. Such an effect was observed only in the case of on-site work. The study findings are discussed in light of previous research, and implications for organizational practice are considered. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2023;36(1):96–111

Background: Candida albicans and similar species are significant pathogens in immunocompromised and hospitalized individuals, known for mucosal colonization and bloodstream/organ invasion. Many pathogenic fungi, including these species, exhibit autofluorescence (R/OF) under specific light conditions, a feature crucial for their detection. Aim: We investigated the use of a 405 nm diode laser for the direct observation of red/orange autofluorescence of Candida spp., common in the oral cavity, exploring its potential in health screenings. Methods: This study utilized cultures of Candida spp. on Sabouraud dextrose agar with Qdot 655 and 685 for fluorescence benchmarking, illuminated using a 405 nm diode laser (continuous wave, power 250 mW, 0.0425 J/cm² fluence, 0.0014 W/cm² power density). Images were captured using a yellow-filter camera at set intervals (48 to 144 h). Visual and computational analyses evaluated the R/OF in terms of presence, intensity, coloration, and intra-colony variation. Results: Most Candida strains displayed red/orange autofluorescence at all observation times, characterized by varied coloration and intra-colony distribution. Initially, there was an increase in R/OF intensity, which then stabilized in the later stages of observation. Conclusions: The majority of the Candida strains tested are capable of emitting R/OF under 405 nm laser light. This finding opens up new possibilities for integrating R/OF detection into routine dental screenings for Candida spp.

Background: The Anopheles funestus group includes at least 11 sibling species, with Anopheles funestus Giles being the most studied and significant malaria vector. Other species, like Anopheles parensis, are understudied despite their potential role in transmission. This article provides insights into the biology and insecticide susceptibility of An. parensis, with observations of its densities in northwestern Tanzania. Methods: Mosquitoes were collected in three villages in Misungwi district, northwestern Tanzania, using CDC light traps and battery-powered aspirators indoors and human-baited double net traps outdoors. Female Anopheles adults were morphologically sorted and identified by PCR, and a subset was tested by ELISA for vertebrate blood meal sources and Plasmodium sporozoite infections. Insecticide susceptibility was assessed using the WHO protocol (2nd edition, 2018). Unfed females were dissected to assess parity, gonotrophic status and insemination status, while blood-fed females were monitored for oviposition to estimate egg counts. The prevalence of An. parensis was generally < 24% across all sites, except in Ngaya village, where it unexpectedly constituted 84% of PCR-amplified An. funestus sensu lato. This species was present in both indoor and outdoor collections, yet the females exclusively fed on non-human vertebrates, with no human blood meals detected. Parity rates were approximately 49% for resting and 46% for host-seeking females, with slightly higher percentages of both parous and inseminated females in the dry season compared to the wet season. Most parous females had oviposited once or twice, with those in the dry season ovipositing significantly more eggs. The average wing length of female An. parensis was 2.93 mm, and there was no significant impact of body size on parity, fecundity or insemination. The An. parensis mosquitoes were fully susceptible to pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates and organochlorides. Results: The prevalence of An. parensis was generally < 24% across all sites, except in Ngaya village, where it unexpectedly constituted 84% of PCR-amplified An. funestus sensu lato. This species was present in both indoor and outdoor collections, yet the females exclusively fed on non-human vertebrates, with no human blood meals detected. Parity rates were approximately 49% for resting and 46% for host-seeking females, with slightly higher percentages of both parous and inseminated females in the dry season compared to the wet season. Most parous females had oviposited once or twice, with those in the dry season ovipositing significantly more eggs. The average wing length of female An. parensis was 2.93 mm, and there was no significant impact of body size on parity, fecundity or insemination. The An. parensis mosquitoes were fully susceptible to pyrethroids, carbamates, organophosphates and organochlorides.. Conclusion: This study offers insights into the behaviours and insecticide susceptibility of An. parensis. Primarily feeding on non-human hosts, An. parensis is less significant in malaria transmission than more anthropophilic vectors. Unlike the pyrethroid-resistant An. funestus sensu stricto, An. parensis remains fully susceptible to public health insecticides despite the use of insecticidal bed nets. These findings provide a foundation for future research and may inform control strategies targeting residual malaria transmission involving An. parensis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This new equimolar mixture comprises the liquid crystalline compounds MHPOBC and partially fluorinated 3F2HPhF6. The phase sequence of the mixture was determined by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, and broadband dielectric spectroscopy. The enantiotropic smectic A*, C*, and CA* phases were observed for the mixture. Only partial crystallization of the mixture was observed during cooling at 2–40 K/min, and the remaining smectic CA* phase underwent vitrification. In contrast, the crystallization of the pure components was complete or almost complete for the same range of cooling rates. The kinetics of the non-isothermal and isothermal crystallization of the mixture and its pure components were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry. The non-isothermal data were analyzed by the isoconversional method, while the isothermal data were analyzed using the Avrami model. As is typical, the nucleation-controlled crystallization kinetics were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is often a need to reinforce a structural element, as it may not always support an increase on the applied load. Because of that, the objective of this work was to accomplish a study on the flexural reinforcement technique, with glued steel plates on reinforced concrete beams, to verify changes on the behavior of the reinforced beams when utilizing different approaches for this technique. For the objectives of this research to be achieved, an experimental program was performed, which consisted on the execution of flexural tests on five beams, of which one was not strengthened and the four other beams were strengthened with plates of two different thicknesses. Two were strengthened with glued steel plates only, and the other two with glued steel plates anchored by parabolts on their extremities. Per the experimental results obtained, the increase in resistance and bending stiffness of the reinforced beams in relation to the control beam was observed. Besides that, it was found that the plate thickness influenced the practical performance of the reinforcement, and that the parabolt anchoring if of extreme importance for improving this system. The increase in resistance was not reach the percentage proposed by the calculation methodology, showing that the necessary care must be taken on the preparation of the application surface for the plate and the concrete. It is concluded that characterization studies must be performed on the epoxy resin and anchoring utilized to obtain a better performance from the strengthened beams.

Humiliation at work is a dangerous and, at the same time, poorly understood phenomenon. It is associated with an asymmetry of power, which induces in the humiliated person a feeling of having a lesser value and being inferior. It manifests itself as an internal event (judgment and emotions), an external event (an act of violence) or systemic social conditions (poverty and discrimination). Experiencing humiliation has negative consequences both when an individual becomes a subject and a witness of a humiliating event. These consequences concern many areas of an individual’s life and functioning within an organization. The article discusses the relationship between humiliation at the organizational level and work pathologies such as mobbing, intimidation, bullying, or harassment. Their purpose and effect is to humiliate an individual or a group of people, and since humiliation is associated with a sense of injustice and a desire for revenge, it often permanently disrupts the relationship between the parties and observers of such behaviors. Despite its individual and social significance, the phenomenon of humiliation is still a gap in the consideration of a healthy working environment and the relationship between people employed in the organization. Unlike in foreign literature, the phenomenon of humiliation is not a frequent subject of consideration in Polish studies, although interest has increased in recent years. The article proposes definitions of this phenomenon from 3 research perspectives, along with presenting selected concepts concerning the nature of this phenomenon and reports from research on the consequences of humiliating behavior at work, from the point of view of both an individual and an organization. Med Pr. 2021;72(1):61–8

Abstract Due to the population increase, to the improvement of life conditions, to the elevation of levels of consumption and the growing industrialization of developing countries, it is estimated that the production of concrete will present significant increase in the next decades. The process of producing cement is responsible for approximately 5 % of the emissions of CO2, an expressive environment pollutant. In this context, this work presents an evaluation of the influence of partial substitution of cement by ornamental rock waste (ORW) on the physical and mechanical properties of concrete. ORW from a local marble and granite processing company was used. The waste was mineralogically characterized through X-ray diffraction (XRD) essays, energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) microanalysis, and physically characterized through laser granulometry and specific mass. For this, was adopted a concrete trace as reference, produced with CP V-ARI cement (similar to ASTM Type III), from IPT dosage. Waste was used in proportions of 5 %, 7.5 %, 10 % and 12.5 % of substitution of cement by mass. Results were treated with ANOVA and multiple comparison of means, indicating a possibility of substitution of until 10% of cement by ORW, creating a concrete with proper resistance to Brazilian regulations regarding the classification as structural.

abstract: There is a recurring need to construct in places where environmental aggressiveness is very high, such as tidal-splash sites, chemical industries, etc. In these places, steel bars, commonly used for concrete reinforcement, can suffer deterioration, losing cross-sectional area and consequently the resistant capacity. In this regard, Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymers (GFRP) bars can replace steel because of its high strength to harsh environments, low weight and high tensile strength. Thus, this work aimed to compare reinforced concrete beams with steel bars and GFRP bending bars using the procedures indicated in ABNT:NBR 6118 and ACI 440.1R-15, respectively. Experimental three-point flexural tests were performed on six concrete beams, three reinforced with steel bars and three reinforced with GFRP bars. The beams were designed for centered point loads of 23.5 kN, 37.5 kN and 57 kN, and for each load one beam was reinforced in steel and one in GFRP. As main conclusions, it can be said that the beams reinforced with GFRP bars presented greater transverse displacements due to the low modulus of elasticity of this material. In addition, the beams presented rupture loads close to each design load, showing agreement in the recommendations of the two normative documents. Comparing the maximum loads of steel and GFRP beams, ratios of +9.3%, -3.2% and -3% were obtained for beams designed for 23.5 kN, 37.5 kN and 57 kN, respectively. Also, that variations in design loads cause greater variation in the longitudinal reinforcement rate of GFRP bar-beams compared to steel-bar beams.

Background and aimsThe individual difference predictors of positive work attitudes and behaviors have been widely investigated in the field of positive organizational scholarship. However, to date, integrating studies linking positive psychological resources, such as Psychological Capital and influence regulation, with positive organizational outcomes are still scarce. Thus, the main aim of the present study was to examine the relationships of Psychological Capital and influence regulation with job satisfaction and job performance both at the individual and team levels.MethodsWithin the cross-sectional multi-source research involving both team leaders and team members from 34 different teams, we examined the relationships of Psychological Capital and influence regulation with job satisfaction and job performance. The relationships of the study variables were based on the positive organizational behavior and the broaden-and-build theory of positive emotions, which suggest the positive relationships of distinct positive psychological resources with positive work outcomes. Accordingly, in addition to the widely accepted concept of Psychological Capital (PsyCap), we employed and analyzed the complimentary construct of influence regulation (i.e., the ability to intentionally share social influence with others in the workplace) both at the individual and group levels.ResultsThe results of hierarchical linear modeling with 304 individuals from 34 teams from a diverse sample of Polish employees indicated that team members' PsyCap was positively linked to individual-level job satisfaction and two facets of job performance, i.e. creative performance and in-role performance. In contrast, no relationship was found between influence regulation and job satisfaction or job performance at both levels of analysis.ConclusionWith regard to positive interpersonal resources, the findings highlight the role of PsyCap in predicting job satisfaction and job performance and broaden the understanding of positivity in the workplace by introducing the construct of influence regulation. Also, based on the study results, managerial implications are discussed.

The paper focusses on the influence of ideological (political) issues on linguistic studies, specifically on the long debated issue of substratum heritage of Romanian. Though often downplayed, the ideological (in most cases political) dimension of humanistic studies is obvious, and it explains some of the approaches to history and, in our case, to historical linguistics that one observes. The general situation is described through some case studies. In the second half of the 19th century, the field was dominated by the outstanding personality of Bogdan Petriceicu Hasdeu. After his death, there was no significant approach to the complex and difficult problems related to the substratum of Romanian, or to other problems in comparative analyses. No consistent and coherent approach to these issues emerged until the late 1960's, i.e. almost a century later! Between 1969, when the first relevant analysis was published, and the 1980's, when most such studies were published, little of value appeared, despite the volume of material published. Their results were more amateurish than reliable. Though the study of the substratum heritage it is often associated with extreme nationalism or other forms of political extremism ('extreme right' or 'extreme left' or whatever), including those recent variants labelled 'thracomania' or 'dacomania' and other amateurish approaches to the topic, the problem of Romanian's substratum heritage is nonetheless a complex, difficult and fascinating one. It will continue to present a challenge as long as there is no consensus among linguists. Substratum influence has more often been underestimated than exaggerated; the number of substratum elements seems to be considerably higher than the currently accepted 200 hundred words, a total that seems to have been uncritically copy-pasted from one author to another. This paper tries to give a new impetus to research in the field. The author has discussed other aspects of the field elsewhere.

In Brazil, the growth of construction of social housing is rising, but this type of building has shown a lot of pathological manifestations, because this factor and the fact that the large number of residents that these house, this work aims to assess the pathological manifestations and user perception in relation to the facades of a development of social housing, located in the city of Pelotas / RS. To obtain the results, are used two research methodologies of Post-Occupancy Evaluation, the walkthrough for the identification of pathological manifestations, and structured interviews were used to check the users’ perceptions and their satisfaction. In technical analysis it was observed pathological manifestations of the facades, identifying cracks, humidity, dirt and deterioration of the coating. In the interview with users, most feel uncomfortable with the presence of pathological manifestations and have saw these in facades, considering the humidity that more draw attention the painting as a greater need for maintenance.

This is a proposal to add several Cyrillic characters to the international character encoding standard Unicode. These additions were published in Unicode Standard version 5.1 in March 2008. This proposal includes characters used for various communities, including a number of non-Slavic minority languages (Mordvin, Kurdish, Aleut, Chuvash, and Abkhaz). It also includes additions for early Slavic philology and linguistics and for ecclesiastical works.