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14. Insecticidal proteins and RNAi in the control of insects

Author

Vélez, Ana M., primary, Narva, Ken, additional, Darlington, Molly, additional, Mishra, Swati, additional, Hellmann, Christoph, additional, Rodrigues, Thais B., additional, Duman-Scheel, Molly, additional, Palli, Subba Reddy, additional, and Jurat-Fuentes, Juan Luis, additional

Published
2023
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32. Recent advances in understanding of the mechanisms of RNA interference in insects.

Author

Koo, Jinmo and Palli, Subba Reddy

Subjects
*RNA interference, *SMALL interfering RNA, *INSECTS, *LIVESTOCK productivity, *CROPS
Abstract

We highlight the recent 5 years of research that contributed to our understanding of the mechanisms of RNA interference (RNAi) in insects. Since its first discovery, RNAi has contributed enormously as a reverse genetic tool for functional genomic studies. RNAi is also being used in therapeutics, as well as agricultural crop and livestock production and protection. Yet, for the wider application of RNAi, improvement of its potency and delivery technologies is needed. A mechanistic understanding of every step of RNAi, from cellular uptake of RNAi trigger molecules to targeted mRNA degradation, is key for developing an efficient strategy to improve RNAi technology. Insects provide an excellent model for studying the mechanism of RNAi due to species‐specific variations in RNAi efficiency. This allows us to perform comparative studies in insect species with different RNAi sensitivity. Understanding the mechanisms of RNAi in different insects can lead to the development of better strategies to improve RNAi and its application to manage agriculturally and medically important insects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. StaufenC facilitates utilization of the ERAD pathway to transport dsRNA through the endoplasmic reticulum to the cytosol.

Author

Koo, Jinmo and Palli, Subba Reddy

Abstract

RNA interference (RNAi) is more efficient in coleopteran insects than other insects. StaufenC (StauC), a coleopteran-specific double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)-binding protein, is required for efficient RNAi in coleopterans. We investigated the function of StauC in the intracellular transport of dsRNA into the cytosol, where dsRNA is digested by Dicer enzymes and recruited by Argonauts to RNA-induced silencing complexes. Confocal microscopy and cellular organelle fractionation studies have shown that dsRNA is trafficked through the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) in coleopteran Colorado potato beetle (CPB) cells. StauC is localized to the ER in CPB cells, and StauC-knockdown caused the accumulation of dsRNA in the ER and a decrease in the cytosol, suggesting that StauC plays a key role in the intracellular transport of dsRNA through the ER. Using immunoprecipitation, we showed that StauC is required for dsRNA interaction with ER proteins in the ER-associated protein degradation (ERAD) pathway, and these interactions are required for RNAi in CPB cells. These results suggest that StauC works with the ERAD pathway to transport dsRNA through the ER to the cytosol. ^his information could be used to develop dsRNA delivery methods aimed at improving RNAi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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36. A model species for agricultural pest genomics: the genome of the Colorado potato beetle, Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae).

Author

Schoville, Sean D, Chen, Yolanda H, Andersson, Martin N, Benoit, Joshua B, Bhandari, Anita, Bowsher, Julia H, Brevik, Kristian, Cappelle, Kaat, Chen, Mei-Ju M, Childers, Anna K, Childers, Christopher, Christiaens, Olivier, Clements, Justin, Didion, Elise M, Elpidina, Elena N, Engsontia, Patamarerk, Friedrich, Markus, García-Robles, Inmaculada, Gibbs, Richard A, Goswami, Chandan, Grapputo, Alessandro, Gruden, Kristina, Grynberg, Marcin, Henrissat, Bernard, Jennings, Emily C, Jones, Jeffery W, Kalsi, Megha, Khan, Sher A, Kumar, Abhishek, Li, Fei, Lombard, Vincent, Ma, Xingzhou, Martynov, Alexander, Miller, Nicholas J, Mitchell, Robert F, Munoz-Torres, Monica, Muszewska, Anna, Oppert, Brenda, Palli, Subba Reddy, Panfilio, Kristen A, Pauchet, Yannick, Perkin, Lindsey C, Petek, Marko, Poelchau, Monica F, Record, Éric, Rinehart, Joseph P, Robertson, Hugh M, Rosendale, Andrew J, Ruiz-Arroyo, Victor M, Smagghe, Guy, Szendrei, Zsofia, Thomas, Gregg WC, Torson, Alex S, Vargas Jentzsch, Iris M, Weirauch, Matthew T, Yates, Ashley D, Yocum, George D, Yoon, June-Sun, and Richards, Stephen

Subjects
Animals, Insect Proteins, Transcription Factors, DNA Transposable Elements, Genetics, Population, Genomics, Pest Control, Biological, Evolution, Molecular, Phylogeny, Gene Expression Regulation, RNA Interference, Insecticide Resistance, Multigene Family, Agriculture, Female, Male, Solanum tuberosum, Genome, Insect, Host-Parasite Interactions, Genetic Variation, Molecular Sequence Annotation, Coleoptera, Genetics, Population, Pest Control, Biological, Evolution, Molecular, Genome, Insect, Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Other Physical Sciences
Abstract

The Colorado potato beetle is one of the most challenging agricultural pests to manage. It has shown a spectacular ability to adapt to a variety of solanaceaeous plants and variable climates during its global invasion, and, notably, to rapidly evolve insecticide resistance. To examine evidence of rapid evolutionary change, and to understand the genetic basis of herbivory and insecticide resistance, we tested for structural and functional genomic changes relative to other arthropod species using genome sequencing, transcriptomics, and community annotation. Two factors that might facilitate rapid evolutionary change include transposable elements, which comprise at least 17% of the genome and are rapidly evolving compared to other Coleoptera, and high levels of nucleotide diversity in rapidly growing pest populations. Adaptations to plant feeding are evident in gene expansions and differential expression of digestive enzymes in gut tissues, as well as expansions of gustatory receptors for bitter tasting. Surprisingly, the suite of genes involved in insecticide resistance is similar to other beetles. Finally, duplications in the RNAi pathway might explain why Leptinotarsa decemlineata has high sensitivity to dsRNA. The L. decemlineata genome provides opportunities to investigate a broad range of phenotypes and to develop sustainable methods to control this widely successful pest.

Published
2018

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