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Reggaetón music is very popular among Spanish speaking young people of high school-age. Thus, we intend to examine the values of (in)equality between women and men transmitted in the lyrics of this music genre. Using a Maxqda software-assisted Thematic Analysis methodology, the lyrics of 65 reggaetón songs with the most commercial success during 2020 have been analysed. The results suggest that the most commercialised reggaetón continues to reproduce certain traditional masculine stereotypes (machismo). In the discussion we compare and contrast alternative approaches and positions concerning the reggaetón genre. We feel it is necessary that educational spaces adopt a critical and consciousness raising approach to reggaetón due to the powerful influence exerted on young people regarding sexual stereotypes.

Isaac Subirana,1,2 Anna Camps-Vilaró,1,2 Roberto Elosua,2– 4 Jaume Marrugat,1,2 Helena Tizón-Marcos,2,5,6 Ivan Palomo,7 Irene R Dégano1– 3 1REGICOR Study Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Spain; 2Consorcio de Investigación Biomédica en Red, Cardiovascular Diseases, Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Madrid, Spain; 3Department of Medicine, University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (Uvic-UCC), Vic, Spain; 4Cardiovascular Epidemiology and Genetics Group, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain; 5Cardiology Department, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain; 6Biomedical Research in Heart Diseases Group, Department of Translational Clinical Research, IMIM, Barcelona, Spain; 7Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Thrombosis Research Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical Technology School, Talca, ChileCorrespondence: Irene R Dégano, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader 88, 1 st Floor office 122.10, Barcelona, 08003, Spain, Email irene.roman@umedicina.catBackground and Aims: Cardiovascular (CV) risk functions are the recommended tool to identify high-risk individuals. However, their discrimination ability is not optimal. While the effect of biomarkers in CV risk prediction has been extensively studied, there are no data on CV risk functions including time-dependent covariates together with other variables. Our aim was to examine the effect of including time-dependent covariates, competing risks, and treatments in coronary risk prediction.Methods: Participants from the REGICOR population cohorts (North-Eastern Spain) aged 35– 74 years without previous history of cardiovascular disease were included (n = 8470). Coronary and stroke events and mortality due to other CV causes or to cancer were recorded during follow-up (median = 12.6 years). A multi-state Markov model was constructed to include competing risks and time-dependent classical risk factors and treatments (2 measurements). This model was compared to Cox models with basal measurement of classical risk factors, treatments, or competing risks. Models were cross-validated and compared for discrimination (area under ROC curve), calibration (Hosmer–Lemeshow test), and reclassification (categorical net reclassification index).Results: Cancer mortality was the highest cumulative-incidence event. Adding cholesterol and hypertension treatment to classical risk factors improved discrimination of coronary events by 2% and reclassification by 7– 9%. The inclusion of competing risks and/or 2 measurements of risk factors provided similar coronary event prediction, compared to a single measurement of risk factors.Conclusion: Coronary risk prediction improves when cholesterol and hypertension treatment are included in risk functions. Coronary risk prediction does not improve with 2 measurements of covariates or inclusion of competing risks.Keywords: risk assessment, coronary disease, risk factors, longitudinal studies

Parchment was used as a writing material in the Middle Ages and was made using animal skins by liming them with Ca(OH)2. During liming, collagen peptides containing Glutamine (Q) undergo deamidation resulting in a mass shift of 0.984 Da. Assessing the extent of deamidation can inform us about parchment production patterns and quality. In this study, we propose a simple three-step workflow, developed as an R package called MALDIpqi(), to estimate deamidation in parchment derived collagen using low-resolution MALDI-TOF spectra. After pre-processing raw spectra, we used weighted least-squares linear regression to estimate Q deamidation levels from the convoluted isotopic envelope for seven collagen-peptide markers. Finally, we employed a linear mixed effect model to predict the overall deamidation level of a parchment sample termed Parchment Glutamine Index (PQI). To test the robustness of the workflow, we applied MALDIpqi() to previously published ZooMS data generated from almost an entire library of the Cistercian monastery at Orval Abbey, Belgium. In addition to reliably predicting PQI, we observed interesting patterns pertaining to parchment production. MALDIpqi() holds excellent potential for biocodicological and other archaeological studies involving collagen, such as bone, but we also foresee its application in the food and biomedical industry.

The goal of this article is to discuss the significance of the archaeological evidence from the sites of La Draga (Banyoles, Spain) and Coves del Fem (Ulldemolins, Spain), in the context of the neolithisation of Northeastern Iberia. The 14C dates have been analysed using Bayesian statistics. The stratigraphy of Coves del Fem covers the transition between the last hunter–gatherers of the region and the first farmers. The chronological sequence covers approximately 1,300 years, from 6065–5990 cal BC to 4700–4550 cal BC. The site of La Draga was occupied by the first farmers circa 5300–5230 cal BC when a wooden platform was constructed and first used. Subsequent repairs of the wooden piles have been dated as well. Another use of the wooden platform is documented around 5200–5085 cal BC, although until now new construction evidence has not been documented. La Draga site was reoccupied later, when several travertine structures dated in two moments between the years 5100–4900 cal BC and 4950–4700 cal BC were constructed and used. The radiocarbon dates of Coves del Fem and La Draga support the existence of two different models of neolithisation in Northeastern Iberia. In the southern part of the territory, Coves del Fem suggests that the Holocene hunter–gatherer populations remained in the area until the arrival of the first farmers, in a model similar to the one observed at the Ebro basin. On the contrary, the site of La Draga supports the hypothesis of the first farmers colonising a previously unoccupied territory.

Objetivo: Los parámetros bioquímicos siguen siendo la opción más utilizada para el seguimiento de pacientes con alteraciones metabólicas óseas. El objetivo del estudio fue valorar la asociación de algunos marcadores bioquímicos del metabolismo óseo con aparición y progresión de calcificaciones aórticas. Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 624 hombres y mujeres mayores de 50 años que cumplimentaron un cuestionario y a los que se realizaron dos radiografías laterales dorso-lumbares y densitometría ósea. Cuatro años más tarde, en 402 sujetos se repitieron los mismos estudios junto con un estudio bioquímico. Resultados: La edad y la proporción hombres fue superior en los que tuvieron “progresión global” de calcificación aórtica (progresión de las ya existentes más las nuevas). Los niveles séricos de calcio y calcitriol fueron significativamente superiores y los de osteocalcina significativamente inferiores en los que se observó “progresión global” de calcificación aórtica. El análisis multivariante mostró que únicamente la osteocalcina se asoció de forma independiente con “progresión global” de calcificación aórtica, con una disminución del 18% por cada incremento de 1 ng/mL en los niveles de osteocalcina (odds ratio (OR)=0,82; intervalo de confianza del 95% (IC 95%): 0,71-0,92). La categorización de la osteocalcina en terciles mostró que los sujetos del primer tercil (6,40 ng/mL). Conclusión: Los niveles séricos de osteocalcina podrían ser un marcador bioquímico para evaluar la aparición y/o a evolución de la calcificación aórtica. No obstante, se necesita determinar con mayor precisión como podría ejercer este efecto protector en el proceso de calcificación vascular.

Noelia Durán-Gómez,1 Jorge Guerrero-Martín,1 Demetrio Pérez-Civantos,2 Casimiro Fermín López Jurado,1 Patricia Palomo-López,1 Macarena C Cáceres1 1Department of Nursing, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; 2Department of Biomedicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, SpainCorrespondence: Noelia Durán-GómezFaculty of Medicine, University of Extremadura, Avda De Elvas s/n, Badajoz 06071, SpainTel +34924289466Email nduran@unex.esIntroduction: Alzheimer’s disease (AD) caregivers resilience involves the interaction between different risk and protective factors. Context of care, objective stressors, perceived stressors caregiver assessment, mediators factors and consequences of care were associated with resilience. We have developed a more integrated and operational conceptual model of resilience and care than previous models in our sociocultural environment.Purpose: To assess the resilience of caregivers of people with AD and the related factors grouped according to an established operational conceptual model of Alzheimer´s caregivers stress.Patients and Methods: A total of 120 primary informal caregivers of AD persons in Badajoz (Spain) were included in a cross-sectional design. The following variables have been measured on AD persons and caregivers: socio-demographic data, dependency level, cognitive decline, neuropsychiatric and behavioral symptoms, anxiety, depression, severity of somatic symptoms, level of burden, self-esteem, coping, social support, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and resilience.Results: Most of the caregivers reported symptoms of anxiety (63.3%) and depression (62.5%). We found out higher levels of resilience in caregivers with lower dependence caring (p=0.004). Higher resilience levels of caregivers were related to minor depressive (p=0.006) and anxiety symptoms (p=0.000), and higher HRQOL (p=0.000). Coping dimension mostly used was problem-based strategies such as active coping, positive reinterpretation and acceptance (p= 0.000).Conclusion: Those caregivers reporting higher levels of resilience exhibited moderate to intense indicators of burden, fewer symptoms of depression and anxiety and fewer somatic symptoms. They also used adequate problem-focused coping strategies, showed higher levels of HRQOL and demonstrated an appropriate perception of social support. Despite the fact that the characteristics relating to the care context and to social support exert an undeniable influence on caregiver resilience, it would appear that the caregiver’s own intra-psychic resources reveal stronger correlations.Relevance for Clinical Practice: The early and accurate identification of caregivers with lower levels of resilience could enable the implementation of vital psychological and educative support interventions to help caregivers to improve their well-being.Keywords: adaptation, psychological, quality of life, social support, depression, anxiety, self-concept

Objetivos: Valorar si la fuerza de agarre y la dificultad para realizar actividades cotidianas podrían ser predictores de caídas y fracturas osteoporóticas. Material y métodos: Se seleccionaron aleatoriamente 624 hombres y mujeres mayores de 50 años, que fueron seguidos durante 8 años para conocer la incidencia de caídas y fracturas osteoporóticas no vertebrales. Al inicio se midió la fuerza de agarre en manos y se cumplimentó un cuestionario con variables clínicas, factores de riesgo relacionados con la osteoporosis y cuestiones relativas a la dificultad o incapacidad para realizar actividades cotidianas. Resultados: La fuerza de agarre en manos no se asoció con la incidencia de caídas y fracturas. Sin embargo, la imposibilidad o dificultad de “estar sentado más de 1 hora en silla dura”, “quitarse los calcetines o las medias” e “inclinarse desde una silla para coger un objeto del suelo” se asoció con caídas: 1,83 (1,16-2,89); 1,85 (1,14-3,00) y 1,68 (1,04-2,70), respectivamente. Del mismo modo, la imposibilidad o dificultad de “llevar durante 10 metros un objeto de 10 kilos” y “levantar una caja con 6 botellas y ponerlas sobre una mesa” se asoció con fractura: 2,82 (1,21-6,59) y 2,54 (1,12-5,81) respectivamente. Conclusiones: No se encontró asociación entre la fuerza de agarre e incidencia de caídas y fracturas osteporóticas, pero sí con dificultad o incapacidad para realizar actividades cotidianas. Las relacionadas con mayor fuerza se asociaron con fractura, mientras que las relacionadas con capacidad funcional se asociaron con caídas. Realizar cuestionarios sencillos podría ayudar a predecir eventos antes de que ocurran.

Diego Arauna,1,* Alvaro Cerda,2,3,* José Francisco García-García,4 Sergio Wehinger,1 Felipe Castro,5 Diego Méndez,1 Marcelo Alarcón,1 Eduardo Fuentes,1,2 Iván Palomo1,2 1Thrombosis Research Center, Department of Clinical Biochemistry and Immunohematology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Interdisciplinary Excellence Research Program on Healthy Aging (PIEI-ES), Interdisciplinary Center on Aging, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile; 2Thematic Task Force on Healthy Aging, CUECH Research Network, Viña Del Mar, Chile; 3Center of Excellence in Translational Medicine, CEMT-BIOREN, Department of Basic Sciences, Universidad de la Frontera, Temuco, Chile; 4Department of Geriatric Medicine, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, Toledo, Spain; 5School of Medicine, Universidad de Talca, Talca, Chile*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Eduardo Fuentes; Iván Palomo Email edfuentes@utalca.cl; ipalomo@utalca.clAim: To analyze the relationship between polypharmacy and variables as frailty and other chronic comorbidities in Chilean older adults.Design: Cross-sectional study.Participants: One thousand two hundred and five older adults aged 65 and older.Methods: The presence or absence of frailty syndrome was determined according to Fried criteria. Data collection was made through questionnaires conducted by an interview.Results: The prevalence of polypharmacy was 37.59%. The prevalence of hyperpolypharmacy was 2%. Increased prevalence of frailty was demonstrated regarding the progression of the state of polypharmacy. When analyzing the contribution of frailty respect polypharmacy condition, frail state, nutritional risk and obesity are founded as a factor associated with polypharmacy. Regarding chronic disease, hypertension (OR: 8.039, p< 0.0001), type 2 diabetes (OR: 4.001, p< 0.0001) and respiratory diseases (OR: 2.930, p< 0.0001) were associated to polypharmacy. It was found a strong and significant positive correlation between polypharmacy prevalence and frailty score (polypharmacy condition, Spearman R: 0.89, p=0.033; hyperpolypharmacy condition, Spearman R: 0.94, p=0.016). When analyzing the contribution of the polypharmacy to the presence of frailty, polypharmacy condition (OR: 1.510, p< 0.05), cognitive impairment (OR: 3.887, p< 0.001), obesity (OR: 1.560, p< 0.01) and nutritional risk (OR: 2.590, p< 0.001) are associated to frailty.Conclusion: Frailty and chronic conditions as nutritional risk, obesity, hypertension, type 2 diabetes and respiratory disease are an important risk factor for the development of polypharmacy in Chilean older adults. Likewise, polypharmacy condition was observed to be a risk factor for frailty, demonstrating the bidirectional relationship between both conditions. Frailty syndrome evaluation in Chilean older adults could be an important alternative for polypharmacy prevention.Keywords: frailty, polypharmacy, chronic disease, older adults, aging

Thrombocytopenia could appear during pregnancy, in up to 8–10% of the cases, where 3–5% is related to an autoimmune process so-called immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). We present a 34-year-old woman debuted at 13 weeks gestation, with a platelet count of 19 × 109/L and petechiae. She did not respond to initial treatment with corticosteroids and intravenous immunoglobulin. At this point, considering the limited treatment options due to toxicity and/or teratogenesis of other drugs proven to be effective against ITP like azathioprine, rituximab, cyclophosphamide, etc. and the risk of bleeding symptoms, either from mother or fetus, we decided to begin treatment with Romiplostim (thrombopoietin receptor agonist). On reviewing the literature at this matter, only eight cases with ITP were treated during pregnancy with Romiplostim and only one of those, the ITP, was refractory to Romiplostim. In a retrospective study, Romiplostim used as a bridge to surgery in 47 patients stated a platelet count increment higher than 100 × 109/L in 79% cases after two doses of Romiplostim. According to bibliography, we decided to start Romiplostim to our patient at 35 weeks of gestation with a spectacular platelet count recovery of 158 × 109/L within 1 week of treatment, at 36th week, and after induced labor, she had on the very next day an eutocic vaginal childbearing without major bleeding complications.

Integrated quantum photonics is a key tool towards large scale quantum technologies. In this work we present an AlGaAs-based photonic circuit for the on-chip generation of broadband orthogonally polarized photons and the deterministic separation of the photons into separate spatial modes, facilitating their further use in protocols. We demonstrate that 85% of the pairs are deterministically separated by the chip over a full 60 nm bandwidth and we assess the chip operation in the quantum regime via a Hong-Ou-Mandel experiment displaying a raw visibility of 75.5% over the same full bandwidth.

We demonstrate a nonlinear AlGaAs photonic chip generating biphotons with nonclassical spatial correlations. Photon pairs are generated by parametric down conversion in a waveguide array and simultaneously spread through quantum walks along the various waveguides. This concept implements a compact and versatile source of spatially entangled states, operating at room temperature and telecom wavelength, that could serve as a workbench for simulating condensed matter problems on-chip.

Macarena C Cáceres,1 Jorge Guerrero-Martín,1 Demetrio Pérez-Civantos,2,3 Patricia Palomo-López,1 Juan Ignacio Delgado-Mingorance,4 Noelia Durán-Gómez11Department of Nursing, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; 2Department of Biomedicine, University of Extremadura, Badajoz, Spain; 3Intensive Care Medicine Department, University Hospital of Badajoz, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Badajoz, Spain; 4Oncology Department, University Hospital of Badajoz, Servicio Extremeño de Salud, Badajoz, SpainAbstract: Monoclonal antibodies constitute important and useful tools in clinical practice and biotechnology for diagnosing and treating infectious, inflammatory, immunological and neoplastic diseases. This article reviews evidence on the different acute adverse effects of monoclonal antibodies, specifically infusion-related reactions (IRRs), and on the measures that should be taken before and during crises. A literature search using key terms relating to IRRs produced by monoclonal antibodies was undertaken to generate a comprehensive narrative review of the information available. Immunomodulatory monoclonal antibodies may produce IRRs and hypersensitivity-related reactions. Strategies to avoid or minimize the appearance of IRRs depend on the monoclonal antibody and type of patient and reaction (pre-medication, slowing infusion rates, infusion interruption or desensitization, etc.). Considering the great number of available monoclonal antibodies in current practice and those which will soon be authorized, it is mandatory to have clear guidelines that can give support to practitioners and nurses to help them respond quickly and safely to the different IRRs related to the use of these therapeutic drugs.Keywords: antibodies, monoclonal, drug-related side effects and adverse reactions, nurse practitioners

Introducción: La vitamina D posee efectos beneficiosos que supuestamente contribuirían a mantener la función músculo-esquelética. Objetivo: Analizar en una población no seleccionada el efecto de los niveles de calcidiol sobre la función muscular en ambas manos, sobre actividades de la vida cotidiana y sobre los cambios en la densidad mineral ósea (DMO). Material y métodos: Se utilizó la cohorte del estudio EVOS que realizó, entre otros, medidas de fuerza muscular de agarre en ambas manos, preguntas relativas a la dificultad para realizar actividades cotidianas, estudio densitométrico en columna lumbar y cadera, y bioquímica para determinar los niveles de calcidiol. Resultados: Valores de calcidiol ≥20 ng/mL se asociaron con mayor fuerza muscular de agarre en ambas manos. Tras ajuste por edad, sexo, IMC y estacionalidad, niveles de calcidiol

BackgroundLatino men in the United States report low physical activity (PA) levels and related health conditions (eg, diabetes and obesity). Engaging in regular PA can reduce the risk of chronic diseases and yield many health benefits; however, there is a paucity of interventions developed exclusively for Latino men. ObjectiveTo address the need for culturally relevant PA interventions, this study aims to develop and evaluate Hombres Saludables, a 6-month theory-based, tailored web- and text message-based PA intervention in Spanish for Latino men. This protocol paper describes the study design, intervention, and evaluation methods for Hombres Saludables. MethodsLatino men aged 18-65 years were randomized to either the individually tailored PA internet intervention arm or the nutrition and wellness internet control arm. The PA intervention included 2 check-in phone calls; automated SMS text messages; a pedometer; a 6-month gym membership; access to a private Facebook group; and an interactive website with PA tracking, goal setting, and individually tailored PA content. The primary outcomes were feasibility, acceptability, and efficacy (minutes per week of total moderate-to-vigorous PA assessed via the ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometer worn at the waist and 7-day physical activity recall at baseline and 6 months). Secondary outcomes examined potential moderators (eg, demographics, acculturation, and environmental variables) and mediators (eg, self-efficacy and cognitive and behavioral processes of change) of treatment effects at 6 months post randomization. ResultsThis study was funded in September 2016. Initial institutional review board approval was received in February 2017, and focus groups and intervention development were conducted from April 2017 to January 2018. Recruitment for the clinical trial was carried out from February 2018 to July 2019. Baseline data collection was carried out from February 2018 to October 2019, with a total of 43 participants randomized. Follow-up data were collected through April 2020. Data cleaning and analysis are ongoing. ConclusionsWe developed and tested protocols for a highly accessible, culturally and linguistically relevant, theory-driven PA intervention for Latino men. Hombres Saludables used an innovative, interactive, web- and text message–based intervention for improving PA among Latino men, an underserved population at risk of low PA and related chronic disease. If the intervention demonstrates feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary efficacy, we will refine and evaluate it in a larger randomized control trial. Trial RegistrationClinicaltrials.gov: NCT03196570; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03196570 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/23690

BackgroundHome blood pressure monitoring has many benefits, even more so, in populations prone to high blood pressure, such as persons with diabetes. ObjectiveThe purpose of this research was to validate the QardioArm mobile device in a sample of individuals with noninsulin-dependent type 2 diabetes in accordance with the guidelines of the second International Protocol of the European Society of Hypertension. MethodsThe sample consisted of 33 patients with type 2 diabetes. To evaluate the validity of QardioArm by comparing its data with that obtained with a digital sphygmomanometer (Omron M3 Intellisense), two nurses collected diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and heart rate with both devices. ResultsThe analysis indicated that the test device QardioArm met all the validation requirements using a sample population with type 2 diabetes. ConclusionsThis paper reports the first validation of QardioArm in a population of individuals with noninsulin-dependent type 2 diabetes. QardioArm for home monitoring of blood pressure and heart rate met the requirements of the second International Protocol of the European Society of Hypertension.

BackgroundHypertension is a global public health issue and is closely related to chronic kidney disorder (CKD). In people with CKD, strict monitoring of blood pressure is an important part of therapy. ObjectiveThe aim of this research was to validate the iHealth Track blood pressure monitoring device for patients with CKD according to the European Society of Hypertension International Protocol 2010 (ESH-IP2). MethodsIn total, 33 patients who received hemodialysis in Plasencia participated in the study. There were 9 successive measurements made, which conformed to the ESH-IP2. We calculated the differences between the standard reference device (Omron M3 Intellisense) and the test device (iHealth Track) for blood pressure and heart rate values. For 99 total comparisons of paired measurements, we classified differences into various categories (≤5 mmHg, ≤10 mmHg, and ≤15 mmHg for blood pressure; ≤3, ≤5, and ≤8 beats per minute for heart rate). ResultsIn 90 of 99 systolic blood pressure and 89 of 99 diastolic blood pressure comparisons between the devices, measurement differences were within 5 mmHg. In 81 of 99 heart rate comparisons between the devices, measurement differences were within 3 beats per minute. The mean differences between the test and reference standard measurements were 3.27 (SD 2.99) mmHg for systolic blood pressure, 3.59 (SD 4.55) mmHg for diastolic blood pressure, and 2.18 (SD 2.75) beats per minute for heart rate. We also observed that for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, 31 of 33 participants had at least two of three comparisons between the devices with measurement differences less than 5 mmHg. For heart rate, 28 of 33 patients had at least two of three comparisons between the devices with measurement differences less than 3 beats per minute. ConclusionsTo our knowledge, this is the first study to show that iHealth Track meets the requirements of the ESH-IP2 in patients with CKD. Therefore, the iHealth Track is suitable for use in renal patients.

Patricia Palomo-López,1 Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo,2 Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias,3 David Rodríguez-Sanz,4 César Calvo-Lobo,5 Daniel López-López6 1Department of Nursing, University Center of Plasencia, Universidad de Extremadura, Spain; 2School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain; 3Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Spain; 4Physiotherapy Department, Faculty of Health, Exercise and Sport, European University of Madrid, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; 5Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of León, Ponferrada, León, Spain; 6Research, Health and Podiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Spain Background and purpose: Plantar fasciitis (PF) is a foot disorder in adults secondary to an inflammatory response caused by repetitive micro-trauma. We evaluated and compared the impact on quality of life (QoL) related to foot health and general health between males and females with PF. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, patients with PF were recruited from a podiatry clinic. Physical examination, sociodemographic data, and the self-reported Foot Health Status Questionnaire (FHSQ) were recorded. The FHSQ has three sections and provides two composite scores from 0 to 100. Higher scores (close to 100) reflect better QoL related to foot health and health in general; lower scores (close to 0) denote a worse QoL related to these health items. Results: One hundred patients (49 males [42.38 ± 14.065 years old] and 51 females [43.90 ± 14.305 years old]) were recruited. Section one of the FHSQ evaluates four foot domains, and significant differences (P0.05). Section two assesses four domains of general wellbeing, and significant differences (P

Daniel López-López,1 María Martínez-Vázquez,1 Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias,2 César Calvo-Lobo,3 David Rodríguez-Sanz,4 Patricia Palomo-López,5 Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo6 1Research, Health and Podiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Ferrol, Spain; 2Faculty of Health Sciences, Universidad Rey Juan Carlos, Madrid, Spain; 3Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Ponferrada, León, Spain; 4School of Sports Science, European University, Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid, Spain; 5University Center of Plasencia, Universidad de Extremadura, Extremadura, Spain; 6School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare the health-related quality of life impact related to foot health and health in general in older adults with lesser toe deformities (LTD) and without any foot conditions. Methods: A case–control observational study was carried out following the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology criteria. A total of 100 older adults with a mean age of 74.39±6.02 years were recruited at an outpatient clinic; 50 of these subjects had LTD (case group) and 50 subjects were without any foot conditions (control group). Presence of LTD was determined in both feet using the Kelikian push-up test, and the Foot Health Status Questionnaire scores were self-reported.Results: The case group showed lower scores in quality of life in relation to health in general and to foot health specifically. Statistically significant differences (p

Patricia Palomo-López,1 David Rodríguez-Sanz,2 Ricardo Becerro-de-Bengoa-Vallejo,3 Marta Elena Losa-Iglesias,4 Jorge Guerrero-Martín,5 Cesar Calvo-Lobo,6 Daniel López-López7 1Department of Nursing, University Center of Plasencia, University of Extremadura, 2Department of Physical Therapy and Podiatry, Physical Therapy and Health Sciences, Research Group, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, 3School of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University Complutense of Madrid, 4Faculty of Health Sciences, University Rey Juan Carlos, 5Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, Badajoz. University of Extremadura, 6Nursing and Physical Therapy Department, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, Ponferrada, León, 7Research, Health and Podiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, Faculty of Nursing and Podiatry, Universidade da Coruña, Spain Purpose: The aim of this study was to analyze and compare foot health and general health in a sample of women divided into two groups: 1) those with breast cancer and undergoing chemotherapy treatment and 2) healthy women without breast cancer and with normalized reference values.Methods: A case–control observational study was performed. Two-hundred women with a mean age of 51.00±8.75 years were recruited from podiatric medicine and surgery clinics from the University of Extremadura (Plasencia, Spain) and the Hospital Infanta Cristina (Badajoz, Spain). The women were divided into case and control groups (undergoing chemotherapy treatment and healthy women, respectively). The Foot Health Status Questionnaire was used to assess foot health domain scores.Results: Significant differences between both groups were seen for foot pain (P=0.003), foot function (P

The aim of this paper was to study the occurrence of helminths in Mus musculus and Rattus rattus from urban, suburban and rural settlements in Yucatán, Mexico; and to analyse the host factors (e.g. sex) related to helminths’ distribution. Helminths in a total of 279 rodents were surveyed by visual examination of the liver for metacestodes and faecal examination for helminth eggs using the formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation technique. The cestodes Hydatigera taeniaeformis (metacestodes detected in the liver) and Hymenolepis diminuta, and the nematodes Aspiculuris sp., Nippostrongylus brasiliensis, Syphacia muris, Syphacia obvelata, and Trichuris muris were identified. In M. musculus, the prevalence of infection with T. muris and H. taeniaeformis was higher in the rural village compared to those in the suburban neighbourhood. For R. rattus, a higher prevalence of infection with H. diminuta was found in the urban site compared to that in the suburban site. This study reports the occurrence of H. diminuta among rodents living in close proximity to humans, representing a potential public health risk. In addition, this survey increases our understanding of dynamic transmission among intestinal helminths recorded in Yucatán, Mexico.

BackgroundHigh blood pressure is one of the most common reasons why patients seek assistance in daily clinical practice. Screening for hypertension is fundamental and, because hypertension is identified only when blood pressure is measured, accurate measurements are key to the diagnosis and management of this disease. The European Society of Hypertension International Protocol revision 2010 (ESH-IP2) was developed to assess the validity of automatic blood pressure measuring devices that are increasingly being used to replace mercury sphygmomanometers. ObjectiveWe sought to determine whether the iHealth Track blood pressure monitor meets ESH-IP2 requirements for self-measurement of blood pressure and heart rate at the brachial level and is appropriate for use in the general population. MethodsThis study was a descriptive investigation. ESH-IP2 requires a total number of 33 participants. For each measure, the difference between observer and device blood pressure and heart rate values is calculated. In all, 99 pairs of blood pressure differences are classified into 3 categories (≤5, ≤10, and ≤15 mm Hg), and 99 pairs of heart rate differences are classified into 3 categories (≤3, ≤5, and ≤8 beats/min). We followed these protocol procedures in a convenience sample of 33 participants. ResultsiHealth Track fulfilled ESH-IP2 requirements and passed the validation process successfully. We observed an absolute difference within 5 mm Hg in 75 of 99 comparisons for systolic blood pressure, 78 of 99 comparisons for diastolic blood pressure, and 89 of 99 comparisons for heart rate. The mean differences between the test and standard readings were 4.19 (SD 4.48) mm Hg for systolic blood pressure, 3.74 (SD 4.55) mm Hg for diastolic blood pressure, and 1.95 (SD 3.27) beats/min for heart rate. With regard to part 2 of ESH-IP2, we observed a minimum of 2 of 3 measurements within a 5-mm Hg difference in 29 of 33 participants for systolic blood pressure and 26 of 33 for diastolic blood pressure, and a minimum of 2 of 3 measurements within a 3-beat/min difference in 30 of 33 participants for heart rate. ConclusionsiHealth Track readings differed from the standard by less than 5, 10, and 15 mm Hg, fulfilling ESH-IP2 requirements. Consequently, this device is suitable for use in the general population.