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Abstract In order to solve the problem of logging calibration without a free pipe in the process of acoustic variable density logging and the subjective problem of the free pipe calibration method, this paper studies an attenuation rate calibration method based on acoustic variable density logging. Using the developed acoustic wave probe response relationship device and the acoustic wave probe calibration device, the response consistency of the receiving probe of the acoustic wave instrument and the frequency of the transmitting probe can be calibrated in the laboratory, and the response consistency and frequency calibration coefficient can be obtained. Through this coefficient, the acoustic wave attenuation rate can be derived. After converting the acoustic wave attenuation rate into a relative sound amplitude, the scale coefficients of the well can be obtained. The relative acoustic amplitude of each measuring point in the well can be obtained by using the scale coefficient to evaluate the cementing quality. The acoustic variable density field test of 18 wells in the oilfield shows that the relative acoustic amplitude calculation results obtained by the attenuation rate correlation calibration method are basically consistent with the theoretical values, and the maximum deviation is 6.9%. The deviation is caused by the presence of ahead fluid in the outer annulus of the casing, the presence of trace bubbles in the casing, and the incomplete centering of the instrument. Compared with the traditional free pipe calibration method, the attenuation rate correlation calibration method innovatively replaces the free pipe calibration in the well with the indoor calibration of the acoustic instrument and solves the problem of acoustic variable density calibration when there is no free pipe in cementing quality logging. This method has better accuracy and a greater application range, which lays a foundation for the quantitative interpretation of acoustic variable density.

Abstract With the advancement of precise hepatobiliary surgery concepts, the diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for hepatic echinococcosis have undergone significant transformations. However, whether these changes have correspondingly improved patient outcomes remains unclear. A retrospective analysis of these changes will provide crucial guidance for the prevention and treatment of hepatic echinococcosis. Clinical data from 6 hospitals in Xinjiang region of China from January 2009 to December 2023 were collected and systematically random sampling was conducted. The study was divided into the first stage (2009–2013), the second stage (2014–2018), and the third stage (2019–2023) with a 5-year time node to compare the changes in diagnosis and treatment mode and clinical features. There was no significant difference in the age of onset among patients across different phases (P = 0.759). The frequency of open cystectomy gradually decreased [302 (62.3%), 223 (53.0%), 165 (55.7%), P = 0.015], while the rate of total cystectomy increased steadily [82 (16.9%), 88 (20.9%), 94 (23.7%), P = 0.040]. The proportion of patients admitted due to screening also increased [367 (75.7%), 373 (88.6%), 364 (91.9%), P

Abstract Although the proof-of-concept (POC) phase is critical for the success of translational medical research (TMR), its use remains limited, and clinicians are frequently uncertain about how to seek assistance from POC teams when experiencing difficulties with TMR. Therefore, this study explored clinicians’ awareness of POC and the supportive reference services offered by POC teams. We distributed an internet-based questionnaire to 702 clinicians who conducted TMR between August 2022 and March 2023. Descriptive statistics, chi-square test, Wilcoxon rank sum test, Kruskal–Wallis rank sum test, and stepwise logistic regression analysis were applied. Clinicians’ awareness of POC was low (69.23%). However, young clinicians (aged 21–30 years) with a higher educational level than their colleagues, good understanding of POC, reliance on the hospital’s TMR policy and serviceability, and need or great need for services to identify suitable technology, literature, and intelligence services were likely to choose ‘agree’ over ‘disagree’ regarding the ability for POC services to help solve difficulties with TMR. Favourable conditions should be created to encourage clinicians to fully use POC services, and clinicians should actively acquire POC knowledge to enhance their understanding of the value of POC services in TMR. Notably, promoting the establishment of POC centres or platforms at the national level would facilitate the use of POC services by clinicians conducting TMR.

Abstract Background We aimed to study the prognostic risk factors affecting patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), develop a clinical prognostic model, and assess patient survival outcomes. Methods Patients with anaplastic thyroid carcinoma from 2000 to 2019 were selected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program to extract the clinical variables used for analysis. The dataset was divided into training (70%) and validation (30%) sets based on a 7:3 ratio. Univariate and LASSO regression analyses were performed on clinical variables from the training set to identify independent prognostic factors. Independent prognostic factors were determined by Univariate and lasso regression according to the clinical variables of the training set, and a nomogram model was established to construct a prognostic model based on the contribution degree of the predictors. The prognostic model was evaluated and internally verified by C-index, ROC curve and calibration curve. Results A total of 713 ATC patients were included in the SEER database. LASSO regression results indicated that age, marital status, race, tumor size, whether the primary lesion was limited to the thyroid gland, surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy, were associated with overall survival(OS) prognosis of ATC, and were used to construct nomograms. In the training cohort, the OS nomogram’s C-index was 0.708 (95% CI 0.672–0.745); in the internal validation cohort, the C-index was 0.677 (95% CI 0.620–0.735). ROC curves demonstrated that the OS nomogram exhibits excellent predictive accuracy and discriminative ability. Calibration curves indicated strong consistency between the OS nomogram’s predicted survival rates and actual survival rates. Conclusions We established a survival prediction model for ATC, which can assist clinicians in assessing patient prognosis and making personalized treatment decisions.

Abstract Obesity shapes anti-tumor immunity through lipid metabolism; however, the mechanisms underlying how colorectal cancer (CRC) cells utilize lipids to suppress anti-tumor immunity remain unclear. Here, we show that tumor cell-intrinsic ATP6V0A1 drives exogenous cholesterol-induced immunosuppression in CRC. ATP6V0A1 facilitates cholesterol absorption in CRC cells through RAB guanine nucleotide exchange factor 1 (RABGEF1)-dependent endosome maturation, leading to cholesterol accumulation within the endoplasmic reticulum and elevated production of 24-hydroxycholesterol (24-OHC). ATP6V0A1-induced 24-OHC upregulates TGF-β1 by activating the liver X receptor (LXR) signaling. Subsequently, the release of TGF-β1 into the tumor microenvironment by CRC cells activates the SMAD3 pathway in memory CD8+ T cells, ultimately suppressing their anti-tumor activities. Moreover, we identify daclatasvir, a clinically used anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV) drug, as an ATP6V0A1 inhibitor that can effectively enhance the memory CD8+ T cell activity and suppress tumor growth in CRC. These findings shed light on the potential for ATP6V0A1-targeted immunotherapy in CRC.

In this paper, a new hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm called CEBWO (cross-entropy method and beluga whale optimization) is presented to solve the mean-CVaR portfolio optimization problem based on jump-diffusion processes. The proposed CEBWO algorithm combines the advantages of the cross-entropy method and beluga whale optimization algorithm with the help of co-evolution technology to enhance the performance of portfolio selection. The method is evaluated on 29 unconstrained benchmark functions from CEC 2017, where its performance is compared against several state-of-the-art algorithms. The results demonstrate the superiority of the hybrid method in terms of solution quality and convergence speed. Finally, Monte Carlo simulation is employed to generate scenario paths based on the jump-diffusion model. Empirical results further confirm the effectiveness of the hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm for mean-CVaR portfolio selection, highlighting its potential for real-world applications.

PurposeThis study compared the timing effects of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICIs) administration on the efficacy and safety of concurrent chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer.MethodsThis study included patients with advanced cervical cancer who received concurrent chemoradiotherapy with ICIs. The patients were divided into early-application (n=51) and late-application groups (n=56) according to the ICI application timing. The primary objective was assessing progression-free survival (PFS) and its associated factors; secondary objectives included assessing objective remission rates (ORR) and treatment-related adverse events (TRAEs).ResultsBefore propensity score matching (PSM), the median PFS (mPFS) times were significantly different: 11.5 months (95% CI: 11.0–13.2) and 7.5 months (95% CI: 6.5–9.0) for the early and late groups, respectively (P0.050).All adverse reactions were resolved, and no adverse reaction-related deaths occurred.ConclusionIn patients with cervical cancer treated with concurrent chemoradiotherapy, earlier immunotherapy improves survival and is equivalent in safety to ICIs late application.

Abstract The reorientation of Earth through rotation of its solid shell relative to its spin axis is known as True polar wander (TPW). It is well-documented at present, but the occurrence of TPW in the geologic past remains controversial. This is especially so for Late Jurassic TPW, where the veracity and dynamics of a particularly large shift remain debated. Here, we report three palaeomagnetic poles at 153, 147, and 141 million years (Myr) ago from the North China craton that document an ~ 12° southward shift in palaeolatitude from 155–147 Myr ago (~1.5° Myr−1), immediately followed by an ~ 10° northward displacement between 147–141 Myr ago (~1.6° Myr−1). Our data support a large round-trip TPW oscillation in the past 200 Myr and we suggest that the shifting back-and-forth of the continents may contribute to the biota evolution in East Asia and the global Jurassic–Cretaceous extinction and endemism.

Understanding the complex influencing factors of soil erosion is critical for maintaining regional ecological security. The revised wind erosion equation (RWEQ) and partial least squares regression (PLSR) model were used to reveal the primary factors affecting soil erosion. Based on the results of the RWEQ model, the wind erosion area was 8,439.3 km2 in 2018, accounting for 54.3% of the total planning area, and mild erosion, moderate erosion, intense erosion, very intense erosion, and fierce erosion accounted for 18.22%, 11.43%, 11.78%, 10.16%, and 2.74% of the total planning area, respectively. Based on the results of the PLSR model, the results indicate that the proportion of mining land, meteorological indicators, and mean square deviation of slope difference were positively correlated with the soil erosion area, intensity, and severity, respectively. The proportion of grassland and forest land was negatively correlated with the soil erosion area, intensity, and severity. The mean square deviation of slope difference, the mean square deviation of difference in elevation, and the proportion of urban land use contributed the most to the soil erosion severity index, with variable importance in projection (VIP) scores of 1.55, 1.44 and 1.43, respectively. The mean square deviation of slope difference, the proportion of urban land, and the mean square deviation of difference in elevation contributed the most to the soil erosion area, with VIP scores of 1.53, 1.26 and 1.24, respectively. The results provide new insights into wind erosion and the influences of weather conditions and human influences, which can guide regional soil and water conservation planning in wind erosion regions.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the major cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide. Despite great advances have been made on the treatment of HCC, the survival rate of patients remains poor. Spindle apparatus coiled-coil protein 1 (SPDL1) is involved in the development of various cancers in humans. However, the role of SPDL1 in HCC remains unclear. In this study, we found high expression of SPDL1 in HCC tissues as compared to normal samples. In vitro, silencing of SPDL1 induced HCC cell apoptosis, and suppressed HCC cell propagation and migration. In vivo, knockdown of SPDL1 inhibited the tumor growth of HCC cells. These findings indicated the tumor-promoting role of SPDL1 in HCC. Mechanistically, we identified farnesyltransferase-beta (FNTB) as the downstream target protein of SPDL1 based on immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry, which were confirmed by western blotting. Rescue assay determined that FNTB played a tumor promoting role in SPDL1-trigger HCC cell growth. Overexpression of FNTB recovered HCC cell viability and migration in SPDL1 knockdown cells. We also found that silencing of SPDL1 increased the sensitivity of Huh7 cells to sorafenib and lenvatinib, suggesting that SPDL1 is a new therapeutic target in HCC. Collectivity, the present study identified a new axis SPDL1/FNTB involved in the progression of HCC. Hence, SPDL1/FNTB is a potential target for the treatment of HCC.

Abstract Chemodynamic therapy (CDT) is seriously limited by the inadequacy of exogenous catalytic ions and endogenous H2O2 in tumors. Herein, a multifunction nano-bomb integrated with calcium peroxide (CaO2) and β-lapachone as donors of H2O2 and GSH-sensitive Fe-based coordination polymer as provider of catalytic ions was constructed for dual cascade-amplified tumor CDT. This hyaluronic acid (HA)-modified nano-bomb could be specially endocytosed by breast cancer cells through a targeting pathway, degraded and released cargoes in response to the GSH-rich cytoplasm. Furthermore, the released CaO2 and β-lapachone could significantly self-generated sufficient H2O2, which could dual-cascade amplify CDT and induce severe oxidative to tumors via cooperating with the delivered iron ions from nano-bombs. Moreover, the unloaded iron and calcium ions could further accelerate tumor damage by overloading Ca2+ and ferroptosis, as accompanied by good magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). In vitro and in vivo studies collectively reveal that this nano-bomb not only self-initiates double cascade-amplified CDT via self-generation of H2O2, but also efficiently activates ferroptosis and initiates Ca2+ overloading, consequently significantly tumor growth suppression. This study offers a novel tumor-initiated nano-bomb for dual cascade-amplified CDT and bioimaging with activated ferroptosis and self-supplying H2O2.

Abstract Background RNA modifications have been proven to play fundamental roles in regulating cellular biology process. Recently, maladjusted N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification and its modifiers METTL1/WDR4 have been confirmed an oncogene role in multiple cancers. However, the functions and molecular mechanisms of METTL1/WDR4 in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) remain to be determined. Methods METTL1/WDR4 expression levels were quantified using qRT-PCR, western blot analysis on AML clinical samples, and bioinformatics analysis on publicly available AML datasets. CCK-8 assays and cell count assays were performed to determine cell proliferation. Flow cytometry assays were conducted to assess cell cycle and apoptosis rates. Multiple techniques were used for mechanism studies in vitro assays, such as northern blotting, liquid chromatography-coupled mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS), tRNA stability analysis, transcriptome sequencing, small non-coding RNA sequencing, quantitative proteomics, and protein synthesis measurements. Results METTL1/WDR4 are significantly elevated in AML patients and associated with poor prognosis. METTL1 knockdown resulted in reduced cell proliferation and increased apoptosis in AML cells. Mechanically, METTL1 knockdown leads to significant decrease of m7G modification abundance on tRNA, which further destabilizes tRNAs and facilitates the biogenesis of tsRNAs in AML cells. In addition, profiling of nascent proteins revealed that METTL1 knockdown and transfection of total tRNAs that were isolated from METTL1 knockdown AML cells decreased global translation efficiency in AML cells. Conclusions Taken together, our study demonstrates the important role of METTL1/WDR4 in AML leukaemogenesis, which provides a promising target candidate for AML therapy.

The prolonged practice of continuous potato cropping, coupled with inadequate field management, disrupts the soil bacterial community equilibrium. Such disturbances compromise the resilience of the soil ecosystem, predisposing it to an increased incidence of potato diseases. However, the effects of the phosphorus fertiliser application rate on the rhizosphere soil bacterial community composition of potatoes and the occurrence of potato common scab (CS) have not been adequately studied. Here, diseased field soils from Dingxi and Huidong Counties were collected for potting tests, and field tests were conducted in Huidong County for validation. An examination of the relationship between the bacterial community composition in the potato rhizosphere soil and potato CS under different phosphate fertiliser treatments was conducted using 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing. The results show that a lower phosphorus fertiliser application rate was more conducive to maintaining soil bacterial community diversity under different phosphorus fertiliser treatments in different habitats. In addition, the relative abundance of the txtA gene increased significantly (p < 0.05) with the increase in the phosphate fertiliser application rate. Field trials conducted in Huidong revealed that treatments F1, F2, and F3 had respective CS incidence rates of 28.33%, 46.67%, and 59.44%, while their corresponding disease severity indices were 7.67, 17.33, and 29.44. Further analysis revealed that the relative abundance of antagonistic genera of pathogenic S. scabies decreased significantly (p < 0.05) with increases in the phosphorus fertiliser application rate. In summary, the correlation between potato CS and changes in the bacterial community of rhizosphere soil was used to determine the optimal phosphorus application rate during potato production, which can provide a scientific basis for the management of phosphorus fertiliser in potato farmland.