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1. Characterization of MKIDs for CMB observation at 220 GHz with the South Pole Telescope

Author

Dibert, Karia R., Barry, Peter S., Anderson, Adam J., Benson, Bradford A., Cecil, Thomas, Chang, Clarence L., Fichman, Kyra N., Karkare, Kirit, Li, Juliang, Natoli, Tyler, Pan, Zhaodi, Rouble, Maclean, Shirokoff, Erik, and Young, Matthew

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present an updated design of the 220 GHz microwave kinetic inductance detector (MKID) pixel for SPT-3G+, the next-generation camera for the South Pole Telescope. We show results of the dark testing of a 63-pixel array with mean inductor quality factor $Q_i = 4.8 \times 10^5$, aluminum inductor transition temperature $T_c = 1.19$ K, and kinetic inductance fraction $\alpha_k = 0.32$. We optically characterize both the microstrip-coupled and CPW-coupled resonators, and find both have a spectral response close to prediction with an optical efficiency of $\eta \sim 70\%$. However, we find slightly lower optical response on the lower edge of the band than predicted, with neighboring dark detectors showing more response in this region, though at level consistent with less than 5\% frequency shift relative to the optical detectors. The detectors show polarized response consistent with expectations, with a cross-polar response of $\sim 10\%$ for both detector orientations., Comment: 6 pages, 5 figures, ASC 2022 proceedings

Published
2023
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2. Forecasting ground-based sensitivity to the Rayleigh scattering of the CMB in the presence of astrophysical foregrounds

Author

Dibert, Karia R., Anderson, Adam J., Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Carlstrom, John E., Crawford, Thomas M., Omori, Yuuki, Pan, Zhaodi, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Reichardt, Christian L., and Wu, W. L. Kimmy

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Rayleigh scattering of cosmic microwave background (CMB) photons off the neutral hydrogen produced during recombination effectively creates an additional scattering surface after recombination that encodes new cosmological information, including the expansion and ionization history of the universe. A first detection of Rayleigh scattering is a tantalizing target for next-generation CMB experiments. We have developed a Rayleigh scattering forecasting pipeline that includes instrumental effects, atmospheric noise, and astrophysical foregrounds (e.g., Galactic dust, cosmic infrared background, or CIB, and the thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect). We forecast the Rayleigh scattering detection significance for several upcoming ground-based experiments, including SPT-3G+, Simons Observatory, CCAT-prime, and CMB-S4, and examine the limitations from atmospheric and astrophysical foregrounds as well as potential mitigation strategies. When combined with Planck data, we estimate that the ground-based experiments will detect Rayleigh scattering with a significance between 1.6 and 3.7, primarily limited by atmospheric noise and the CIB., Comment: 19 pages, 7 figures (v2 additional author added)

Published
2022
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3. Snowmass2021 Cosmic Frontier: Cosmic Microwave Background Measurements White Paper

Author

Chang, Clarence L., Huffenberger, Kevin M., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Chluba, Jens, Delabrouille, Jacques, Flauger, Raphael, Hanany, Shaul, Jones, William C., Kogut, Alan J., McMahon, Jeffrey J., Meyers, Joel, Sehgal, Neelima, Simon, Sara M., Umilta, Caterina, Abazajian, Kevork N., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Akrami, Yashar, Anderson, Adam J., Ansarinejad, Behzad, Austermann, Jason, Baccigalupi, Carlo, Barkats, Denis, Barron, Darcy, Barry, Peter S., Battaglia, Nicholas, Baxter, Eric, Beck, Dominic, Bender, Amy N., Bennett, Charles, Beringue, Benjamin, Bischoff, Colin, Bleem, Lindsey, Bock, James, Bolliet, Boris, Bond, J Richard, Borrill, Julian, Brinckmann, Thejs, Brown, Michael L., Calabrese, Erminia, Carlstrom, John, Challinor, Anthony, Chang, Chihway, Chinone, Yuji, Clark, Susan E., Coulton, William, Cukierman, Ari, Cyr-Racine, Francis-Yan, Duff, Shannon M., Dvorkin, Cora, van Engelen, Alexander, Errard, Josquin, Eskilt, Johannes R., Essinger-Hileman, Thomas, Fabbian, Giulio, Feng, Chang, Ferraro, Simone, Filippini, Jeffrey, Freese, Katherine, Galitzki, Nicholas, Gawiser, Eric, Grin, Daniel, Grohs, Evan, Gruppuso, Alessandro, Gudmundsson, Jon E., Halverson, Nils W., Hamilton, Jean-Christophe, Harrington, Kathleen, Henrot-Versillé, Sophie, Hensley, Brandon, Hill, J. Colin, Hincks, Adam D., Hlozek, Renee, Holzapfel, William, Hotinli, Selim C., Hui, Howard, Ibitoye, Ayodeji, Johnson, Matthew, Johnson, Bradley R., Kang, Jae Hwan, Karkare, Kirit S., Knox, Lloyd, Kovac, John, Lau, Kenny, Legrand, Louis, Loverde, Marilena, Lubin, Philip, Ma, Yin-Zhe, Mroczkowski, Tony, Mukherjee, Suvodip, Münchmeyer, Moritz, Nagai, Daisuke, Nagy, Johanna, Niemack, Michael, Novosad, Valentine, Omori, Yuuki, Orlando, Giorgio, Pan, Zhaodi, Perotto, Laurence, Petroff, Matthew A., Pogosian, Levon, Pryke, Clem, Rahlin, Alexandra, Raveri, Marco, Reichardt, Christian L., Remazeilles, Mathieu, Rephaeli, Yoel, Ruhl, John, Schaan, Emmanuel, Shandera, Sarah, Shimon, Meir, Soliman, Ahmed, Stark, Antony A., Starkman, Glenn D., Stompor, Radek, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Trendafilova, Cynthia, Tristram, Matthieu, Trivedi, Pranjal, Tucker, Gregory, Di Valentino, Eleonora, Vieira, Joaquin, Vieregg, Abigail, Wang, Gensheng, Watson, Scott, Wenzl, Lukas, Wollack, Edward J., Wu, W. L. Kimmy, Xu, Zhilei, Zegeye, David, and Zhang, Cheng

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This is a solicited whitepaper for the Snowmass 2021 community planning exercise. The paper focuses on measurements and science with the Cosmic Microwave Background (CMB). The CMB is foundational to our understanding of modern physics and continues to be a powerful tool driving our understanding of cosmology and particle physics. In this paper, we outline the broad and unique impact of CMB science for the High Energy Cosmic Frontier in the upcoming decade. We also describe the progression of ground-based CMB experiments, which shows that the community is prepared to develop the key capabilities and facilities needed to achieve these transformative CMB measurements., Comment: contribution to Snowmass 2021

Published
2022

4. Development of MKIDs for measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background with the South Pole Telescope

Author

Dibert, Karia, Barry, Pete, Pan, Zhaodi, Anderson, Adam, Benson, Bradford, Chang, Clarence, Karkare, Kirit, Li, Juliang, Natoli, Tyler, Rouble, Maclean, Shirokoff, Erik, and Stark, Antony

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present details of the design, simulation, and initial test results of prototype detectors for the fourth-generation receiver of the South Pole Telescope (SPT). Optimized for the detection of key secondary anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), SPT-3G+ will measure the temperature and polarization of the mm/sub-mm sky at 220, 285, and 345 GHz, beyond the peak of the CMB blackbody spectrum. The SPT-3G+ focal plane will be populated with microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), allowing for significantly increased detector density with reduced cryogenic complexity. We present simulation-backed designs for single-color dual-polarization MKID pixels at each SPT-3G+ observation frequency. We further describe design choices made to promote resonator quality and uniformity, enabling us to maximize the available readout bandwidth. We also discuss aspects of the fabrication process that enable rapid production of these devices and present an initial dark characterization of a series of prototype devices., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the 19th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD19) Proceedings

Published
2021
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5. A Compact Millimeter-Wavelength Fourier-Transform Spectrometer

Author

Pan, Zhaodi, Liu, Mira, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Benson, Bradford A., Fixsen, Dale J., Goksu, Hazal, Rath, Eleanor, and Meyer, Stephan S.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We have constructed a Fourier-transform spectrometer (FTS) operating between 50 and 330 GHz with minimum volume (355 x260 x64 mm) and weight (13 lbs) while maximizing optical throughput (100 $\mathrm{mm}^2$ sr) and optimizing the spectral resolution (4 GHz). This FTS is designed as a polarizing Martin-Puplett interferometer with unobstructed input and output in which both input polarizations undergo interference. The instrument construction is simple with mirrors milled on the box walls and one motorized stage as the single moving element. We characterize the performance of the FTS, compare the measurements to an optical simulation, and discuss features that relate to details of the FTS design. The simulation is also used to determine the tolerance of optical alignments for the required specifications. We detail the FTS mechanical design and provide the control software as well as the analysis code online., Comment: Submitted to Applied Optics. [Copyright 2019 Optical Society of America]. Users may use, reuse, and build upon the article, or use the article for text or data mining, so long as such uses are for non-commercial purposes and appropriate attribution is maintained. All other rights are reserved

Published
2019
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6. Optical Characterization of the SPT-3G Focal Plane

Author

Pan, Zhaodi, Ade, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Adam, Anderson, Austermann, Jason, Avva, Jessica, Thakur, Ritoban Basu, Amy, Bender, Benson, Bradford, Carlstrom, John, Carter, Faustin, Cecil, Thomas, Chang, Clarence, Cliche, Jean-Francois, Cukierman, Ariel, Denison, Edward, de Haan, Tijmen, Ding, Junjia, Dobbs, Matt, Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wendeline, Foster, Allen, Gannon, Renae, Gilbert, Adam, Groh, John, Halverson, Nils, Harke-Horsemann, Angelina, Harrington, Nicholas, Henning, Jaosn, Hilton, Gene, Holzapfel, William, Huang, Nicholas, Irwin, Kent, Jeong, Oliver, Jonas, Michalle, Khaire, Trupti, Kofman, Anna, Korman, Milo, Kubik, Donna, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chaolin, Lee, Adrian, Lowitz, Amy, Meyer, Stephan, Michalik, Daniel, Montgomery, Joshua, Nadolski, Andrew, Natoli, Tyler, Nguyen, Hogan, Noble, Gavin, Novosad, Valentyn, Padin, Stephan, Pearson, John, Posada, Chrystian, Rahlin, Alexandra, Ruhl, John, Saunders, Lauren, Sayre, James, Shirley, Ian, Shirokoff, Erik, Smecher, Graeme, Sobrin, Joshua, Stark, Antony, Story, Kyle, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tang, Qingyang, Thompson, Keith, Tucker, Carole, Vale, Leila, Vanderlinde, Keith, Vieira, Joaquin, Wang, Gensheng, Whitehorn, Nathan, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, Yoon, Ki Won, and Young, Matt

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The third-generation South Pole Telescope camera is designed to measure the cosmic microwave background across three frequency bands (95, 150 and 220 GHz) with ~16,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers. Each multichroic pixel on a detector wafer has a broadband sinuous antenna that couples power to six TESs, one for each of the three observing bands and both polarization directions, via lumped element filters. Ten detector wafers populate the focal plane, which is coupled to the sky via a large-aperture optical system. Here we present the frequency band characterization with Fourier transform spectroscopy, measurements of optical time constants, beam properties, and optical and polarization efficiencies of the focal plane. The detectors have frequency bands consistent with our simulations, and have high average optical efficiency which is 86%, 77% and 66% for the 95, 150 and 220 GHz detectors. The time constants of the detectors are mostly between 0.5 ms and 5 ms. The beam is round with the correct size, and the polarization efficiency is more than 90% for most of the bolometers, Comment: Conference proceeding for Low Temperature Detectors 2017

Published
2018
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7. Coulomb interaction and valley-orbit coupling in Si quantum dots

Author

Jiang, Luyao, Yang, C. H., Pan, Zhaodi, Rossi, Alessandro, Dzurak, Andrew S., and Culcer, Dimitrie

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
Abstract

The valley-orbit coupling in a few-electron Si quantum dot is expected to be a function of its occupation number N. We study the spectrum of multivalley Si quantum dots for 2 <= N <= 4, showing that, counterintuitively, electron-electron interaction effects on the valley-orbit coupling are negligible. For N=2 they are suppressed by valley interference, for N=3 they vanish due to spinor overlaps, and for N = 4 they cancel between different pairs of electrons. To corroborate our theoretical findings, we examine the experimental energy spectrum of a few-electron metal-oxide-semiconductor quantum dot. The measured spin-valley state filling sequence in a magnetic field reveals that the valley-orbit coupling is definitively unaffected by the occupation number.

Published
2013
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8. Impact of Electrical Contacts Design and Materials on the Stability of Ti Superconducting Transition Shape

Author

Yefremenko, Volodymyr, Ade, Peter A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Anderson, Adam J., Austermann, Jason E., Avva, Jessica S., Basu Thakur, Robitan, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Carlstrom, John E., Carter, Faustin W., Cecil, Thomas, Chang, Clarence L., Cliche, Jean-Francois, Cukierman, Ariel, Denison, Edward V., de Haan, Tijmen, Ding, Junjia, Divan, Ralu N. S., Dobbs, Matt A., Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wenderline, Foster, Allen, Gannon, Renae N., Gilbert, Adam, Groh, John, Halverson, Nils W., Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., Harrington, Nicholas L., Henning, Jason W., Hilton, Gene C., Holzapfel, William L., Huang, Nicholas, Irwin, Kent D., Jeong, Oliver B., Jonas, Michelle, Khaire, Trupti, Kofman, Anna M., Korman, Milo, Kubik, Donna L., Kuhlmann, Steve, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lee, Adrian T., Lowitz, Amy E., Meyer, Stephen S., Michalik, Daniel, Miller, Christina Suzanne, Montgomery, Joshua, Nadolski, Andrew, Natoli, Tyler J., Nguyen, Hogan, Noble, Gavin, Novosad, Valentine, Padin, Stephen, Pan, Zhaodi, Pearson, John, Posada, Chrystian M., Rahlin, Alexandra, Ruhl, John E., Saunders, L. J., Sayre, James T., Shirley, Ian, Shirokoff, Erik D., Smecher, Graeme, Sobrin, Joshua A., Stan, Liliana, Stark, Antony A., Story, Kyle T., Suzuki, Aritoki, Tang, Qing Yang, Thompson, Keith L., Tucker, Carole E., Vale, Leila R., Vanderlinde, Keith, Vieira, Joaquin D., Wang, Gensheng, Whitehorn, Nathan, Yoon, Ki Won, and Young, Matt

Published
2018
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10. Development of MKIDs for Measurement of the Cosmic Microwave Background with the South Pole Telescope

Author

Dibert, Karia, Barry, Pete, Pan, Zhaodi, Anderson, Adam, Benson, Bradford, Chang, Clarence, Karkare, Kirit, Li, Juliang, Natoli, Tyler, Rouble, Maclean, Shirokoff, Erik, and Stark, Antony

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, General Materials Science, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Condensed Matter Physics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We present details of the design, simulation, and initial test results of prototype detectors for the fourth-generation receiver of the South Pole Telescope (SPT). Optimized for the detection of key secondary anisotropies of the cosmic microwave background (CMB), SPT-3G+ will measure the temperature and polarization of the mm/sub-mm sky at 220, 285, and 345 GHz, beyond the peak of the CMB blackbody spectrum. The SPT-3G+ focal plane will be populated with microwave kinetic inductance detectors (MKIDs), allowing for significantly increased detector density with reduced cryogenic complexity. We present simulation-backed designs for single-color dual-polarization MKID pixels at each SPT-3G+ observation frequency. We further describe design choices made to promote resonator quality and uniformity, enabling us to maximize the available readout bandwidth. We also discuss aspects of the fabrication process that enable rapid production of these devices and present an initial dark characterization of a series of prototype devices., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, submitted to the 19th International Workshop on Low Temperature Detectors (LTD19) Proceedings

Published
2022

11. Forecasting ground-based sensitivity to the Rayleigh scattering of the CMB in the presence of astrophysical foregrounds

Author

Dibert, Karia R., primary, Anderson, Adam J., additional, Bender, Amy N., additional, Benson, Bradford A., additional, Bianchini, Federico, additional, Carlstrom, John E., additional, Crawford, Thomas M., additional, Gualtieri, Riccardo, additional, Omori, Yuuki, additional, Pan, Zhaodi, additional, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, additional, Reichardt, Christian L., additional, and Wu, W. L. Kimmy, additional

Published
2022
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12. SPT-3G+: mapping the high-frequency cosmic microwave background using kinetic inductance detectors

Author

Anderson, Adam J., primary, Barry, Peter, additional, Bender, Amy N., additional, Benson, Bradford, additional, Bleem, Lindsey, additional, Carlstrom, John E., additional, Cecil, Tom W., additional, Chang, Clarence L., additional, Crawford, Tom M., additional, Dibert, Karia R., additional, Dobbs, Matt A., additional, Fichman, Kyra, additional, Halverson, Nils W., additional, Holzapfel, William L., additional, Hryciuk, Alec, additional, Karkare, Kirit S., additional, Li, Juliang, additional, Lisovenko, Marharyta, additional, Marrone, Daniel, additional, McMahon, Jeff, additional, Montgomery, Joshua, additional, Natoli, Tyler, additional, Pan, Zhaodi, additional, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, additional, Reichardt, Christian L., additional, Rouble, Maclean, additional, Shirokoff, Erik, additional, Smecher, Graeme, additional, Stark, Antony A., additional, Vieira, Joaquin D., additional, and Young, Matt R., additional

Published
2022
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13. Performance and characterization of the SPT-3G digital frequency-domain multiplexed readout system using an improved noise and crosstalk model

Author

Montgomery, Joshua, primary, Ade, Peter A. R., additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Anderes, Ethan, additional, Anderson, Adam J., additional, Archipley, Melanie, additional, Avva, Jessica S., additional, Aylor, Kevin, additional, Balkenhol, Lennart, additional, Barry, Peter S., additional, Thakur, Ritoban B., additional, Benabed, Karim, additional, Bender, Amy N., additional, Benson, Bradford A., additional, Bianchini, Federico, additional, Bleem, Lindsey E., additional, Bouchet, Francois R., additional, Bryant, Lincoln, additional, Byrum, Karen, additional, Carlstrom, John E., additional, Carter, Faustin W., additional, Cecil, Thomas W., additional, Chang, Clarence L., additional, Chaubal, Prakrut, additional, Chen, Geoffrey, additional, Cho, Hsiaomei, additional, Chou, Ti-Lin, additional, Cliche, Jean-Francois, additional, Crawford, Tom M., additional, Cukierman, Ari, additional, Daley, Cail, additional, de Haan, Tijmen, additional, Denison, Edward V., additional, Dibert, Karia, additional, Ding, Junjia, additional, Dobbs, Matt A., additional, Dutcher, Daniel, additional, Elleflot, Tucker, additional, Everett, Wendeline, additional, Feng, Cahng, additional, Ferguson, Kyle R., additional, Foster, Allen, additional, Fu, Jianyang, additional, Galli, Silvia, additional, Gambrel, Anne E., additional, Gardner, Robert W., additional, Goeckner-Wald, Neil, additional, Groh, John C., additional, Gualtieri, Riccardo, additional, Guns, Sam, additional, Gupta, Nikhel, additional, Guyser, Robert, additional, Halverson, Nils W., additional, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., additional, Harrington, Nicholas L., additional, Henning, Jason W., additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Hivon, Eric, additional, Holzapfel, William L., additional, Hood, John C., additional, Howe, Doug, additional, Huang, Nicholas, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Jeong, Oliver B., additional, Jonas, Michelle, additional, Jones, Adam, additional, Khaire, Trupti S., additional, Knox, Lloyd, additional, Kofman, Anna M., additional, Korman, Milo, additional, Kubik, Donna L., additional, Kuhlmann, Stephen, additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Lowitz, Amy E., additional, Lu, Chunyu, additional, Meyer, Stephan S., additional, Michalik, Daniel, additional, Millea, Marius, additional, Nadolski, Andrew, additional, Natoli, Tyler, additional, Nguyen, Hogan, additional, Noble, Gavin I., additional, Novosad, Valentine, additional, Omori, Yuuki, additional, Padin, Steve, additional, Pan, Zhaodi, additional, Paschos, Pascal, additional, Pearson, John, additional, Posada, Chrystian M., additional, Prabhu, Karthik, additional, Quan, Wei, additional, Rahlin, Alexandra, additional, Reichardt, Christian L., additional, Riebel, David, additional, Riedel, Benedikt, additional, Rouble, Maclean, additional, Ruhl, John E., additional, Sayre, James T., additional, Schiappucci, Eduardo, additional, Shirokoff, Erik, additional, Smecher, Graeme, additional, Sobrin, Joshua A., additional, Stark, Antony A., additional, Stephen, Judith, additional, Story, Kyle T., additional, Suzuki, Aritoki, additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Thorne, Ben, additional, Tucker, Carole, additional, Umilta, Caterina, additional, Vale, Leila R., additional, Vanderlinde, Keith, additional, Vieira, Joaquin D., additional, Wang, Gensheng, additional, Whitehorn, Nathan, additional, Wu, Wai L. K., additional, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, additional, Yoon, Ki W., additional, and Young, Matt R., additional

Published
2022
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14. A Measurement of Gravitational Lensing of the Cosmic Microwave Background Using SPT-3G

Author

Pan, Zhaodi

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics
Abstract

Measurements of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) can be used to map the distribution of matter in the universe through gravitational lensing deflections as the CMB photons travel through the large-scale structures of the universe. Gravitational lensing induces correlations between CMB temperature and polarization modes at different angular scales. These correlations can be extracted by lensing quadratic estimators to reconstruct the projected 2D lensing potential and matter distribution. The power spectrum of the lensing potential is a powerful probe of the growth of structure. It can constrain the sum of neutrino masses, dark energy, and the amplitude of matter density fluctuations. Furthermore, the matter distribution from lensing provides a promising source for cross-correlation with surveys at other wavelengths and offers a template for removing lensing-induced contamination in searches for inflationary gravitational waves. The third-generation camera for the South Pole Telescope (SPT-3G) is an excellent instrument for CMB lensing measurements with high-sensitivity from a new multichroic receiver with 16,000 polarization-sensitive detectors, and fine arcminute-scale resolution provided by the ten-meter dish of SPT. A compact Fourier-Transform spectrometer (FTS) was designed and constructed for detector characterization. I review the SPT-3G instrument with particular focus on the detectors and FTS and present measurements of the lensing potential and lensing power spectrum from the 2018 data of the SPT-3G survey.

Published
2020
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15. Performance and characterization of the SPT-3G digital frequency multiplexed readout system using an improved noise and crosstalk model

Author

Montgomery, Joshua, primary, Anderson, Adam J., additional, Avva, Jessica S., additional, Bender, Amy N., additional, Dobbs, Matt A., additional, Dutcher, Daniel, additional, Elleflot, Tucker, additional, Foster, Allen, additional, Groh, John C., additional, Holzapfel, William L., additional, Howe, Doug, additional, Huang, Nicholas, additional, Lowitz, Amy E., additional, Noble, Gavin I., additional, Pan, Zhaodi, additional, Rahlin, Alexandra, additional, Riebel, David, additional, Smecher, Graeme, additional, Suzuki, Aritoki, additional, and Whitehorn, Nathan, additional

Published
2020
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18. Design and characterization of the SPT-3G receiver

Author

Sobrin, Joshua A., primary, Ade, Peter, primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Anderson, Adam, primary, Avva, Jessica, primary, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, primary, Cliche, Jean-Francois, primary, Cukierman, Ari, primary, de Haan, Tijmen, primary, Ding, Junjia, primary, Dobbs, Matt, primary, Dutcher, Daniel, primary, Everett, Wendeline, primary, Foster, Allen, primary, Gallichio, Jason, primary, Gilbert, Adam, primary, Groh, John, primary, Guns, Sam, primary, Halverson, Nils, primary, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina, primary, Harrington, Nicholas, primary, Henning, Jason, primary, Holzapfel, William, primary, Huang, Nicholas, primary, Irwin, Kent, primary, Jeong, Oliver, primary, Jonas, Michelle, primary, Khaire, Trupti, primary, Kofman, Anna, primary, Korman, Milo, primary, Kubik, Donna, primary, Kuhlmann, Steve, primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Lee, Adrian, primary, Lowitz, Amy, primary, Meyer, Stephan, primary, Michalik, Daniel, primary, Montgomery, Joshua, primary, Nadolski, Andrew, primary, Natoli, Tyler, primary, Nguyen, Hogan, primary, Noble, Gavin, primary, Novosad, Valentine, primary, Padin, Stephen, primary, Pan, Zhaodi, primary, Pearson, John, primary, Posada, Chrystian, primary, Quan, Wei, primary, Rahlin, Alexandra, primary, Ruhl, John, primary, Sayre, James, primary, Shirokoff, Erik, primary, Smecher, Graeme, primary, Stark, Antony, primary, Story, Kyle, primary, Bender, Amy, primary, Benson, Bradford, primary, Carlstrom, John, primary, Carter, Faustin, primary, Cecil, Tom, primary, Chang, Clarence, primary, Suzuki, Aritoki, primary, Thompson, Keith, primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Vanderlinde, Keith, primary, Vieira, Joaquin, primary, Wang, Genshen, primary, Whitehorn, Nathan, primary, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, and Young, Matt, primary

Published
2018
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19. Year two instrument status of the SPT-3G cosmic microwave background receiver

Author

Carter, Faustin W., primary, Cecil, Thomas W., primary, Chang, Clarence L., primary, Cho, Hsaio-Mei, primary, Cliche, Jean-François, primary, Crawford, Thomas M., primary, Cukierman, Ari, primary, Denison, Edward V., primary, de Haan, Tijmen, primary, Ding, Junjia, primary, Dobbs, Matthew A., primary, Dutcher, Daniel, primary, Everett, Wendeline, primary, Foster, Allen, primary, Groh, John C., primary, Gilbert, Adam, primary, Halverson, Nils W., primary, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., primary, Harrington, Nicholas L., primary, Henning, Jason W., primary, Hilton, Gene C., primary, Holder, Gil P., primary, Holzapfel, William L., primary, Huang, Nicholas, primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Jeong, Oliver B., primary, Jonas, Michelle, primary, Khaire, Trupti S., primary, Knox, Lloyd, primary, Kofman, Anna M., primary, Korman, Milo, primary, Kubik, Donna L., primary, Kuhlmann, Steve, primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Lee, Adrian T., primary, Leitch, Erik M., primary, Lowitz, Amy E., primary, Meyer, Stephan S., primary, Michalik, Daniel, primary, Montgomery, Joshua, primary, Nadolski, Andrew, primary, Natoli, Tyler, primary, Ngyuen, Hogan, primary, Noble, Gavin I., primary, Novosad, Valentine, primary, Padin, Stephen, primary, Pan, Zhaodi, primary, Pearson, John, primary, Posada, Chrystian M., primary, Rahlin, Alexandra, primary, Reichardt, Christian L., primary, Ruhl, John E., primary, Sayre, James T., primary, Shirokoff, Erik, primary, Smecher, Graeme, primary, Sobrin, Joshua A., primary, Stark, Antony A., primary, Story, Kyle T., primary, Suzuki, Aritoki, primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Vale, Leila R., primary, Vanderlinde, Keith, primary, Vieira, Joaquin, primary, Wang, Gensheng, primary, Whitehorn, Nathan, primary, Yefremenko, Vladimir, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, Young, Matthew, primary, Bender, Amy N., primary, Ade, Peter A. R., primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Anderson, Adam J., primary, Avva, Jessica S., primary, Barry, Peter S., primary, Thakur, Ritoban B., primary, Benson, Bradford A., primary, Bleem, Lindsey S., primary, Byrum, Karen, primary, Carlstrom, John E., primary, Aylor, Kevin, primary, Bocquet, Sebastian, primary, Dodelson, Scott, primary, Gallicchio, Jason, primary, Guns, Sam, primary, Quan, Wei, primary, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, primary, Wu, Wai Ling, primary, and Jones, Adam, primary

Published
2018
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20. Characterization and performance of the second-year SPT-3G focal plane

Author

Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Thakur, Ritoban B., primary, Bender, Amy N., primary, Benson, Bradford A., primary, Carlstrom, John E., primary, Carter, Faustin W., primary, Cecil, Thomas W., primary, Chang, Clarence L., primary, Cliche, Jean-François, primary, Cukierman, Ari, primary, de Haan, Tijmen, primary, Ding, Junjia, primary, Dobbs, Matthew A., primary, Everett, Wendeline, primary, Foster, Allen, primary, Gilbert, Adam, primary, Groh, John C., primary, Halverson, Nils W., primary, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., primary, Harrington, Nicholas L., primary, Henning, Jason W., primary, Holzapfel, William L., primary, Huang, Nicholas, primary, Irwin, Kent D., primary, Jeong, Oliver B., primary, Jonas, Michelle, primary, Khaire, Trupti S., primary, Kofman, Anna M., primary, Korman, Milo, primary, Kubik, Donna L., primary, Kuhlmann, Steve, primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Lee, Adrian T., primary, Lowitz, Amy E., primary, Meyer, Stephan S., primary, Michalik, Daniel, primary, Montgomery, Joshua, primary, Nadolski, Andrew, primary, Natoli, Tyler, primary, Nguyen, Hogan, primary, Noble, Gavin I., primary, Novosad, Valentine, primary, Padin, Stephen, primary, Pan, Zhaodi, primary, Pearson, John, primary, Posada, Chrystian M., primary, Rahlin, Alexandra, primary, Ruhl, John E., primary, Sayre, James T., primary, Shirokoff, Erik, primary, Smecher, Graeme, primary, Sobrin, Joshua A., primary, Stark, Antony A., primary, Story, Kyle T., primary, Suzuki, Aritoki, primary, Thompson, Keith L., primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Vanderlinde, Keith, primary, Vieira, Joaquin D., primary, Wang, Gensheng, primary, Whitehorn, Nathan, primary, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, Young, Matt R., primary, Gallicchio, Jason, primary, Quan, Wei, primary, Guns, Sam T., primary, Dutcher, Daniel, primary, Anderson, Adam J., primary, Ade, Peter A. R., primary, and Avva, Jessica S., primary

Published
2018
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21. Broadband anti-reflective coatings for cosmic microwave background experiments

Author

Nadolski, Andrew, primary, Kofman, Anna, primary, Vieira, Joaquin, primary, Ade, Peter, primary, Ahmed, Zeeshan, primary, Anderson, Adam, primary, Avva, Jessica, primary, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, primary, Bender, Amy, primary, Benson, Bradford, primary, Carlstrom, John, primary, Carter, Faustin, primary, Cecil, Tom, primary, Chang, Clarence, primary, Cliche, Jean Francois, primary, Cukierman, Ari, primary, de Haan, Tijmen, primary, Ding, Junjia, primary, Dobbs, Matt, primary, Dutcher, Daniel, primary, Everett, Wendy, primary, Foster, Allen, primary, Fu, Jianyiang, primary, Gallichio, Jason, primary, Gilbert, Adam, primary, Groh, John, primary, Guyser, Robert, primary, Halverson, Nils, primary, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina, primary, Harrington, Nicholas, primary, Henning, Jason, primary, Holzapfel, William, primary, Huang, Nicholas, primary, Irwin, Kent, primary, Jeong, Oliver, primary, Jonas, Michelle, primary, Khaire, Trupti, primary, Korman, Milo, primary, Kubik, Donna, primary, Kuhlmann, Steve, primary, Kuo, Chao-Lin, primary, Lee, Adrian, primary, Lowitz, Amy, primary, Meyer, Stephan, primary, Michalik, Daniel, primary, Montgomery, Joshua, primary, Natoli, Tyler, primary, Nguyen, Hogan, primary, Noble, Gavin, primary, Novosad, Valentine, primary, Padin, Stephen, primary, Pan, Zhaodi, primary, Pearson, John, primary, Posada, Chrystian, primary, Rahlin, Alexandra, primary, Ruhl, John, primary, Sayre, J.T., primary, Shirokoff, Erik, primary, Smecher, Graeme, primary, Sobrin, Joshua, primary, Stark, Antony, primary, Story, Kyle, primary, Suzuki, Aritoki, primary, Thompson, Keith, primary, Tucker, Carole, primary, Vanderlinde, Keith, primary, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, primary, Yoon, Ki Won, primary, Young, Matt, primary, Wang, Genshen, primary, Whitehorn, Nathan, primary, Guns, Sam, primary, Quan, Wei, primary, and Jones, Adam, primary

Published
2018
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22. Large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic TES detectors for CMB measurements with the SPT-3G receiver

Author

Posada, Chrystian M., additional, Ade, Peter A. R., additional, Anderson, Adam J., additional, Avva, Jessica, additional, Ahmed, Zeeshan, additional, Arnold, Kam S., additional, Austermann, Jason, additional, Bender, Amy N., additional, Benson, Bradford A., additional, Bleem, Lindsey, additional, Byrum, Karen, additional, Carlstrom, John E., additional, Carter, Faustin W., additional, Chang, Clarence, additional, Cho, Hsiao-Mei, additional, Cukierman, Ari, additional, Czaplewski, David A., additional, Ding, Junjia, additional, Divan, Ralu N. S., additional, de Haan, Tijmen, additional, Dobbs, Matt, additional, Dutcher, Daniel, additional, Everett, Wenderline, additional, Gannon, Renae N., additional, Guyser, Robert J., additional, Halverson, Nils W., additional, Harrington, Nicholas L., additional, Hattori, Kaori, additional, Henning, Jason W., additional, Hilton, Gene C., additional, Holzapfel, William L., additional, Huang, Nicholas, additional, Irwin, Kent D., additional, Jeong, Oliver, additional, Khaire, Trupti, additional, Korman, Milo, additional, Kubik, Donna L., additional, Kuo, Chao-Lin, additional, Lee, Adrian T., additional, Leitch, Erik M., additional, Lendinez Escudero, Sergi, additional, Meyer, Stephan S., additional, Miller, Christina S., additional, Montgomery, Joshua, additional, Nadolski, Andrew, additional, Natoli, Tyler J., additional, Nguyen, Hogan, additional, Novosad, Valentyn, additional, Padin, Stephen, additional, Pan, Zhaodi, additional, Pearson, John E., additional, Rahlin, Alexandra, additional, Reichardt, Christian L., additional, Ruhl, John E., additional, Saliwanchik, Benjamin, additional, Shirley, Ian, additional, Sayre, James T., additional, Shariff, Jamil A., additional, Shirokoff, Erik D., additional, Stan, Liliana, additional, Stark, Antony A., additional, Sobrin, Joshua, additional, Story, Kyle, additional, Suzuki, Aritoki, additional, Tang, Qing Yang, additional, Thakur, Ritoban B., additional, Thompson, Keith L., additional, Tucker, Carole E., additional, Vanderlinde, Keith, additional, Vieira, Joaquin D., additional, Wang, Gensheng, additional, Whitehorn, Nathan, additional, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, additional, and Yoon, Ki Won, additional

Published
2016
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24. Performance and characterization of the SPT-3G digital frequency-domain multiplexed readout system using an improved noise and crosstalk model

Author

Montgomery, Joshua, Ade, Peter A. R., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Anderes, Ethan, Anderson, Adam J., Archipley, Melanie, Avva, Jessica S., Aylor, Kevin, Balkenhol, Lennart, Barry, Peter S., Thakur, Ritoban B., Benabed, Karim, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bianchini, Federico, Bleem, Lindsey E., Bouchet, Francois R., Bryant, Lincoln, Byrum, Karen, Carlstrom, John E., Carter, Faustin W., Cecil, Thomas W., Chang, Clarence L., Chaubal, Prakrut, Chen, Geoffrey, Cho, Hsiaomei, Chou, Ti-Lin, Cliche, Jean-Francois, Crawford, Tom M., Cukierman, Ari, Daley, Cail, de Haan, Tijmen, Denison, Edward V., Dibert, Karia, Ding, Junjia, Dobbs, Matt A., Dutcher, Daniel, Elleflot, Tucker, Everett, Wendeline, Feng, Cahng, Ferguson, Kyle R., Foster, Allen, Fu, Jianyang, Galli, Silvia, Gambrel, Anne E., Gardner, Robert W., Goeckner-Wald, Neil, Groh, John C., Gualtieri, Riccardo, Guns, Sam, Gupta, Nikhel, Guyser, Robert, Halverson, Nils W., Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., Harrington, Nicholas L., Henning, Jason W., Hilton, Gene C., Hivon, Eric, Holzapfel, William L., Hood, John C., Howe, Doug, Huang, Nicholas, Irwin, Kent D., Jeong, Oliver B., Jonas, Michelle, Jones, Adam, Khaire, Trupti S., Knox, Lloyd, Kofman, Anna M., Korman, Milo, Kubik, Donna L., Kuhlmann, Stephen, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Lowitz, Amy E., Lu, Chunyu, Meyer, Stephan S., Michalik, Daniel, Millea, Marius, Nadolski, Andrew, Natoli, Tyler, Nguyen, Hogan, Noble, Gavin I., Novosad, Valentine, Omori, Yuuki, Padin, Steve, Pan, Zhaodi, Paschos, Pascal, Pearson, John, Posada, Chrystian M., Prabhu, Karthik, Quan, Wei, Rahlin, Alexandra, Reichardt, Christian L., Riebel, David, Riedel, Benedikt, Rouble, Maclean, Ruhl, John E., Sayre, James T., Schiappucci, Eduardo, Shirokoff, Erik, Smecher, Graeme, Sobrin, Joshua A., Stark, Antony A., Stephen, Judith, Story, Kyle T., Suzuki, Aritoki, Thompson, Keith L., Thorne, Ben, Tucker, Carole, Umilta, Caterina, Vale, Leila R., Vanderlinde, Keith, Vieira, Joaquin D., Wang, Gensheng, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wu, Wai L. K., Yefremenko, Volodymyr, Yoon, Ki W., and Young, Matt R.

Published
2021
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25. Characterization and performance of the second-year SPT-3G focal plane

Author

Gao, Jian-Rong, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Avva, Jessica S., Ade, Peter A. R., Anderson, Adam J., Dutcher, Daniel, Guns, Sam T., Quan, Wei, Gallicchio, Jason, Young, Matt R., Yoon, Ki Won, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Whitehorn, Nathan, Wang, Gensheng, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vanderlinde, Keith, Tucker, Carole, Thompson, Keith L., Suzuki, Aritoki, Story, Kyle T., Stark, Antony A., Sobrin, Joshua A., Smecher, Graeme, Shirokoff, Erik, Sayre, James T., Ruhl, John E., Rahlin, Alexandra, Posada, Chrystian M., Pearson, John, Pan, Zhaodi, Padin, Stephen, Novosad, Valentine, Noble, Gavin I., Nguyen, Hogan, Natoli, Tyler, Nadolski, Andrew, Montgomery, Joshua, Michalik, Daniel, Meyer, Stephan S., Lowitz, Amy E., Lee, Adrian T., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kubik, Donna L., Korman, Milo, Kofman, Anna M., Khaire, Trupti S., Jonas, Michelle, Jeong, Oliver B., Irwin, Kent D., Huang, Nicholas, Holzapfel, William L., Henning, Jason W., Harrington, Nicholas L., Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., Halverson, Nils W., Groh, John C., Gilbert, Adam, Foster, Allen, Everett, Wendeline, Dobbs, Matthew A., Ding, Junjia, de Haan, Tijmen, Cukierman, Ari, Cliche, Jean-François, Chang, Clarence L., Cecil, Thomas W., Carter, Faustin W., Carlstrom, John E., Benson, Bradford A., Bender, Amy N., Thakur, Ritoban B., Ahmed, Zeeshan, Gao, Jian-Rong, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Avva, Jessica S., Ade, Peter A. R., Anderson, Adam J., Dutcher, Daniel, Guns, Sam T., Quan, Wei, Gallicchio, Jason, Young, Matt R., Yoon, Ki Won, Yefremenko, Volodymyr G., Whitehorn, Nathan, Wang, Gensheng, Vieira, Joaquin D., Vanderlinde, Keith, Tucker, Carole, Thompson, Keith L., Suzuki, Aritoki, Story, Kyle T., Stark, Antony A., Sobrin, Joshua A., Smecher, Graeme, Shirokoff, Erik, Sayre, James T., Ruhl, John E., Rahlin, Alexandra, Posada, Chrystian M., Pearson, John, Pan, Zhaodi, Padin, Stephen, Novosad, Valentine, Noble, Gavin I., Nguyen, Hogan, Natoli, Tyler, Nadolski, Andrew, Montgomery, Joshua, Michalik, Daniel, Meyer, Stephan S., Lowitz, Amy E., Lee, Adrian T., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kubik, Donna L., Korman, Milo, Kofman, Anna M., Khaire, Trupti S., Jonas, Michelle, Jeong, Oliver B., Irwin, Kent D., Huang, Nicholas, Holzapfel, William L., Henning, Jason W., Harrington, Nicholas L., Harke-Hosemann, Angelina H., Halverson, Nils W., Groh, John C., Gilbert, Adam, Foster, Allen, Everett, Wendeline, Dobbs, Matthew A., Ding, Junjia, de Haan, Tijmen, Cukierman, Ari, Cliche, Jean-François, Chang, Clarence L., Cecil, Thomas W., Carter, Faustin W., Carlstrom, John E., Benson, Bradford A., Bender, Amy N., Thakur, Ritoban B., and Ahmed, Zeeshan

Abstract

The third-generation instrument for the 10-meter South Pole Telescope, SPT-3G, was first installed in January 2017. In addition to completely new cryostats, secondary telescope optics, and readout electronics, the number of detectors in the focal plane has increased by an order of magnitude from previous instruments to ~16,000. The SPT-3G focal plane consists of ten detector modules, each with an array of 269 trichroic, polarization-sensitive pixels on a six-inch silicon wafer. Within each pixel is a broadband, dual-polarization sinuous antenna; the signal from each orthogonal linear polarization is divided into three frequency bands centered at 95, 150, and 220 GHz by in-line lumped element filters and transmitted via superconducting microstrip to Ti/Au transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers. Properties of the TES film, microstrip filters, and bolometer island must be tightly controlled to achieve optimal performance. For the second year of SPT-3G operation, we have replaced all ten wafers in the focal plane with new detector arrays tuned to increase mapping speed and improve overall performance. Here we discuss the TES superconducting transition temperature and normal resistance, detector saturation power, bandpasses, optical efficiency, and full array yield for the 2018 focal plane.

26. Large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic TES detectors for CMB measurements with the SPT-3G receiver

Author

Holland, Wayne S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Posada, Chrystian M., Ade, Peter A. R., Anderson, Adam J., Avva, Jessica, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Arnold, Kam S., Austermann, Jason, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bleem, Lindsey, Byrum, Karen, Carlstrom, John E., Carter, Faustin W., Chang, Clarence, Cho, Hsiao-Mei, Cukierman, Ari, Czaplewski, David A., Ding, Junjia, Divan, Ralu N. S., de Haan, Tijmen, Dobbs, Matt, Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wenderline, Gannon, Renae N., Guyser, Robert J., Halverson, Nils W., Harrington, Nicholas L., Hattori, Kaori, Henning, Jason W., Hilton, Gene C., Holzapfel, William L., Huang, Nicholas, Irwin, Kent D., Jeong, Oliver, Khaire, Trupti, Korman, Milo, Kubik, Donna L., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Lendinez Escudero, Sergi, Meyer, Stephan S., Miller, Christina S., Montgomery, Joshua, Nadolski, Andrew, Natoli, Tyler J., Nguyen, Hogan, Novosad, Valentyn, Padin, Stephen, Pan, Zhaodi, Pearson, John E., Rahlin, Alexandra, Reichardt, Christian L., Ruhl, John E., Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Shirley, Ian, Sayre, James T., Shariff, Jamil A., Shirokoff, Erik D., Stan, Liliana, Stark, Antony A., Sobrin, Joshua, Story, Kyle, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tang, Qing Yang, Thakur, Ritoban B., Thompson, Keith L., Tucker, Carole E., Vanderlinde, Keith, Vieira, Joaquin D., Wang, Gensheng, Whitehorn, Nathan, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, Yoon, Ki Won, Holland, Wayne S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Posada, Chrystian M., Ade, Peter A. R., Anderson, Adam J., Avva, Jessica, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Arnold, Kam S., Austermann, Jason, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bleem, Lindsey, Byrum, Karen, Carlstrom, John E., Carter, Faustin W., Chang, Clarence, Cho, Hsiao-Mei, Cukierman, Ari, Czaplewski, David A., Ding, Junjia, Divan, Ralu N. S., de Haan, Tijmen, Dobbs, Matt, Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wenderline, Gannon, Renae N., Guyser, Robert J., Halverson, Nils W., Harrington, Nicholas L., Hattori, Kaori, Henning, Jason W., Hilton, Gene C., Holzapfel, William L., Huang, Nicholas, Irwin, Kent D., Jeong, Oliver, Khaire, Trupti, Korman, Milo, Kubik, Donna L., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Lendinez Escudero, Sergi, Meyer, Stephan S., Miller, Christina S., Montgomery, Joshua, Nadolski, Andrew, Natoli, Tyler J., Nguyen, Hogan, Novosad, Valentyn, Padin, Stephen, Pan, Zhaodi, Pearson, John E., Rahlin, Alexandra, Reichardt, Christian L., Ruhl, John E., Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Shirley, Ian, Sayre, James T., Shariff, Jamil A., Shirokoff, Erik D., Stan, Liliana, Stark, Antony A., Sobrin, Joshua, Story, Kyle, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tang, Qing Yang, Thakur, Ritoban B., Thompson, Keith L., Tucker, Carole E., Vanderlinde, Keith, Vieira, Joaquin D., Wang, Gensheng, Whitehorn, Nathan, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, and Yoon, Ki Won

Abstract

Detectors for cosmic microwave background (CMB) experiments are now essentially background limited, so a straightforward alternative to improve sensitivity is to increase the number of detectors. Large arrays of multichroic pixels constitute an economical approach to increasing the number of detectors within a given focal plane area. Here, we present the fabrication of large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic transition-edge-sensor (TES) bolometers for the South Pole Telescope third-generation CMB receiver (SPT-3G). The complete SPT-3G receiver will have 2690 pixels, each with six detectors, allowing for individual measurement of three spectral bands (centered at 95 GHz, 150 GHz and 220 GHz) in two orthogonal polarizations. In total, the SPT-3G focal plane will have 16140 detectors. Each pixel is comprised of a broad-band sinuous antenna coupled to a niobium microstrip transmission line. In-line filters are used to define the different band-passes before the millimeter-wavelength signal is fed to the respective Ti/Au TES sensors. Detectors are read out using a 64x frequency domain multiplexing (fMux) scheme. The microfabrication of the SPT-3G detector arrays involves a total of 18 processes, including 13 lithography steps. Together with the fabrication process, the effect of processing on the Ti/Au TES’s Tc is discussed. In addition, detectors fabricated with Ti/Au TES films with Tc between 400 mK 560 mK are presented and their thermal characteristics are evaluated. Optical characterization of the arrays is presented as well, indicating that the response of the detectors is in good agreement with the design values for all three spectral bands (95 GHz, 150 GHz, and 220 GHz). The measured optical efficiency of the detectors is between 0.3 and 0.8. Results discussed here are extracted from a batch of research of development wafers used to develop the baseline process for the fabrication of the arrays of detectors to be deployed with the SPT-3G receiver. Results from

27. SPT-3G+: mapping the high-frequency cosmic microwave background using kinetic inductance detectors

Author

Anderson, Adam J., Barry, Peter, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford, Bleem, Lindsey, Carlstrom, John E., Cecil, Tom W., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Tom M., Dibert, Karia R., Dobbs, Matt A., Fichman, Kyra, Halverson, Nils W., Holzapfel, William L., Hryciuk, Alec, Karkare, Kirit S., Li, Juliang, Lisovenko, Marharyta, Marrone, Daniel, McMahon, Jeff, Montgomery, Joshua, Natoli, Tyler, Pan, Zhaodi, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Reichardt, Christian L., Rouble, Maclean, Shirokoff, Erik, Smecher, Graeme, Stark, Antony A., Vieira, Joaquin D., Young, Matt R., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Gao, Jian-Rong, Anderson, Adam J., Barry, Peter, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford, Bleem, Lindsey, Carlstrom, John E., Cecil, Tom W., Chang, Clarence L., Crawford, Tom M., Dibert, Karia R., Dobbs, Matt A., Fichman, Kyra, Halverson, Nils W., Holzapfel, William L., Hryciuk, Alec, Karkare, Kirit S., Li, Juliang, Lisovenko, Marharyta, Marrone, Daniel, McMahon, Jeff, Montgomery, Joshua, Natoli, Tyler, Pan, Zhaodi, Raghunathan, Srinivasan, Reichardt, Christian L., Rouble, Maclean, Shirokoff, Erik, Smecher, Graeme, Stark, Antony A., Vieira, Joaquin D., Young, Matt R., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, and Gao, Jian-Rong

Abstract

We present the design and science goals of SPT-3G+, a new camera for the South Pole Telescope, which will consist of a dense array of 34100 kinetic inductance detectors measuring the cosmic microwave background (CMB) at 220, 285 and 345 GHz. The SPT-3G+ dataset will enable new constraints on the process of reionization, including measurements of the patchy kinematic Sunyaev-Zeldovich effect and improved constraints on the optical depth due to reionization. At the same time, it will serve as a pathfinder for the detection of Rayleigh scattering, which could allow future CMB surveys to constrain cosmological parameters better than from the primary CMB alone. In addition, the combined, multi-band SPT-3G and SPT-3G+ survey data, will have several synergies that enhance the original SPT-3G survey, including: extending the redshift-reach of SZ cluster surveys to z > 2; understanding the relationship between magnetic fields and star formation in our Galaxy; improved characterization of the impact of dust on inflationary B-mode searches; and characterizing astrophysical transients at the boundary between mm and sub-mm wavelengths. Finally, the modular design of the SPT-3G+ camera allows it to serve as an on-sky demonstrator for new detector technologies employing microwave readout, such as the on-chip spectrometers that we expect to deploy during the SPT-3G+ survey. In this paper, we describe the science goals of the project and the key technology developments that enable its powerful yet compact design.

28. Design and characterization of the SPT-3G receiver

Author

Sobrin, Joshua A., Ade, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Anderson, Adam, Avva, Jessica, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, Cliche, Jean-Francois, Cukierman, Ari, de Haan, Tijmen, Ding, Junjia, Dobbs, Matt, Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wendeline, Foster, Allen, Gallichio, Jason, Gao, Jian-Rong, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Young, Matt, Yoon, Ki Won, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wang, Genshen, Vieira, Joaquin, Vanderlinde, Keith, Tucker, Carole, Thompson, Keith, Suzuki, Aritoki, Chang, Clarence, Cecil, Tom, Carter, Faustin, Carlstrom, John, Benson, Bradford, Bender, Amy, Story, Kyle, Stark, Antony, Smecher, Graeme, Shirokoff, Erik, Sayre, James, Ruhl, John, Rahlin, Alexandra, Quan, Wei, Posada, Chrystian, Pearson, John, Pan, Zhaodi, Padin, Stephen, Novosad, Valentine, Noble, Gavin, Nguyen, Hogan, Natoli, Tyler, Nadolski, Andrew, Montgomery, Joshua, Michalik, Daniel, Meyer, Stephan, Lowitz, Amy, Lee, Adrian, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kubik, Donna, Korman, Milo, Kofman, Anna, Khaire, Trupti, Jonas, Michelle, Jeong, Oliver, Irwin, Kent, Huang, Nicholas, Holzapfel, William, Henning, Jason, Harrington, Nicholas, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina, Halverson, Nils, Guns, Sam, Groh, John, Gilbert, Adam, Sobrin, Joshua A., Ade, Peter, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Anderson, Adam, Avva, Jessica, Basu Thakur, Ritoban, Cliche, Jean-Francois, Cukierman, Ari, de Haan, Tijmen, Ding, Junjia, Dobbs, Matt, Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wendeline, Foster, Allen, Gallichio, Jason, Gao, Jian-Rong, Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Young, Matt, Yoon, Ki Won, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, Whitehorn, Nathan, Wang, Genshen, Vieira, Joaquin, Vanderlinde, Keith, Tucker, Carole, Thompson, Keith, Suzuki, Aritoki, Chang, Clarence, Cecil, Tom, Carter, Faustin, Carlstrom, John, Benson, Bradford, Bender, Amy, Story, Kyle, Stark, Antony, Smecher, Graeme, Shirokoff, Erik, Sayre, James, Ruhl, John, Rahlin, Alexandra, Quan, Wei, Posada, Chrystian, Pearson, John, Pan, Zhaodi, Padin, Stephen, Novosad, Valentine, Noble, Gavin, Nguyen, Hogan, Natoli, Tyler, Nadolski, Andrew, Montgomery, Joshua, Michalik, Daniel, Meyer, Stephan, Lowitz, Amy, Lee, Adrian, Kuo, Chao-Lin, Kuhlmann, Steve, Kubik, Donna, Korman, Milo, Kofman, Anna, Khaire, Trupti, Jonas, Michelle, Jeong, Oliver, Irwin, Kent, Huang, Nicholas, Holzapfel, William, Henning, Jason, Harrington, Nicholas, Harke-Hosemann, Angelina, Halverson, Nils, Guns, Sam, Groh, John, and Gilbert, Adam

Abstract

The SPT-3G receiver was commissioned in early 2017 on the 10-meter South Pole Telescope (SPT) to map anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background (CMB). New optics, detector, and readout technologies have yielded a multichroic, high-resolution, low-noise camera with impressive throughput and sensitivity, offering the potential to improve our understanding of inflationary physics, astroparticle physics, and growth of structure. We highlight several key features and design principles of the new receiver, and summarize its performance to date.

29. Large arrays of dual-polarized multichroic TES detectors for CMB measurements with the SPT-3G receiver

Author

Holland, Wayne S., Zmuidzinas, Jonas, Posada, Chrystian M., Ade, Peter A. R., Anderson, Adam J., Avva, Jessica, Ahmed, Zeeshan, Arnold, Kam S., Austermann, Jason, Bender, Amy N., Benson, Bradford A., Bleem, Lindsey, Byrum, Karen, Carlstrom, John E., Carter, Faustin W., Chang, Clarence, Cho, Hsiao-Mei, Cukierman, Ari, Czaplewski, David A., Ding, Junjia, Divan, Ralu N. S., de Haan, Tijmen, Dobbs, Matt, Dutcher, Daniel, Everett, Wenderline, Gannon, Renae N., Guyser, Robert J., Halverson, Nils W., Harrington, Nicholas L., Hattori, Kaori, Henning, Jason W., Hilton, Gene C., Holzapfel, William L., Huang, Nicholas, Irwin, Kent D., Jeong, Oliver, Khaire, Trupti, Korman, Milo, Kubik, Donna L., Kuo, Chao-Lin, Lee, Adrian T., Leitch, Erik M., Lendinez Escudero, Sergi, Meyer, Stephan S., Miller, Christina S., Montgomery, Joshua, Nadolski, Andrew, Natoli, Tyler J., Nguyen, Hogan, Novosad, Valentyn, Padin, Stephen, Pan, Zhaodi, Pearson, John E., Rahlin, Alexandra, Reichardt, Christian L., Ruhl, John E., Saliwanchik, Benjamin, Shirley, Ian, Sayre, James T., Shariff, Jamil A., Shirokoff, Erik D., Stan, Liliana, Stark, Antony A., Sobrin, Joshua, Story, Kyle, Suzuki, Aritoki, Tang, Qing Yang, Thakur, Ritoban B., Thompson, Keith L., Tucker, Carole E., Vanderlinde, Keith, Vieira, Joaquin D., Wang, Gensheng, Whitehorn, Nathan, Yefremenko, Volodymyr, and Yoon, Ki Won

Published
2016
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