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We have observed that Variational Mode Decomposition (VMD) exhibits instability in the denoising and separation of noisy multitone signals. Specifically, minor changes in factors such as signal-to-noise ratio, frequency spacing, sampling rate, and probability distribution can significantly impact the decomposition results. To address this issue, we have developed the Dual-VMD-correlation algorithm. This algorithm effectively mitigates the impact of beat effects when harmonics of closely spaced frequencies are superimposed, enabling stable denoising of noisy multitone signals and the separation of each individual tone signal. The algorithm holds promise for applications in frequency-modulated continuous wave laser detection. It can address challenges related to denoising laser echo signals interfered with by aerosols and the difficulty in separating backscatter interference from the target reflected signal spectrum. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Within aerosol-rich environments, efficient simulation of frequency-modulated continuous wave (FMCW) laser detector echo characteristics is crucial. Conventional methods often need more efficiency. To address this, we propose a photon matrix-based approach for simulating intricate photon scattering processes, enhancing simulation accuracy. This study focuses on short-range FMCW laser detection under aerosol interference, assessing performance via signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). We analyze the impact of amplitude modulation coefficient and photon count on SNR. Surprisingly, the photon count minimally affects SNR, while the amplitude modulation coefficient significantly influences it. These findings shed light on optimizing FMCW laser detection in aerosol-laden environments. Attention to the amplitude modulation coefficient can notably enhance SNR and overall detection efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates the oral processing characteristics and application of soybean fiber and sodium alginate microgel in enhancing the texture and sensory attributes of low-fat yogurt. By combining soybean fiber with sodium alginate, a stable composite microgel system was developed with a uniform particle-size distribution. Oral lubrication performance was assessed by evaluating particle size, texture, friction coefficient and rheological properties, providing insights into how microgels improve food lubricity. The results showed that adding soybean fiber/sodium alginate microgel to low-fat yogurt significantly enhanced lubrication, texture and sensory quality compared to standard low-fat yogurt. The yogurt sample containing 2 wt% microgel achieved optimal sensory results, improving hardness and adhesiveness. This study suggests that soybean fiber/sodium alginate microgel offer a promising strategy for enhancing the sensory quality in low-fat dairy products, supporting healthier food innovations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research explored the development of composite systems using konjac gum (KGM) and soy lecithin at concentrations of 1% KGM–0.01% lecithin and 1% KGM–0.2% lecithin. The study investigated the influence of both oral and artificial saliva on the rheological and tribological properties of these systems, as well as the lubrication on different friction surfaces with varying characteristics. It has been found that different friction surfaces exhibited distinct morphological features and roughness values, significantly impacting surface wettability when treated with saliva. The viscosity of KGM–lecithin composite systems increased slightly compared to KGM hydrogel. However, adding oral or artificial saliva led to a noticeable decrease in viscosity. Lecithin did not significantly alter the viscoelastic properties of KGM gel, but the incorporation of artificial and oral saliva introduced some changes. CLSM images showed that the stability and distribution of lecithin within the composite system varied with lecithin concentration and saliva type, with artificial saliva ensuring a stable and even distribution, while oral saliva caused aggregation and irregular distribution. Furthermore, the study found that the lubrication performance of the KGM‐lecithin system was influenced by the properties of the friction surface, with hydrophilic rough surfaces providing superior lubrication compared to rough surfaces. The addition of lecithin enhanced lubrication across all tested surfaces, and artificial saliva surpassed oral saliva in reducing friction coefficients. These findings offer valuable insights into the potential use of KGM‐lecithin composite systems as fat mimetics, particularly in enhancing lubrication for various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this work was to investigate the biomass proliferation and its impact on the operation of a submerged membrane bioreactor (sMBR). A programmable logic controller (PLC) was used to control the process of the sMBR with no discharge of sludge. When MLSS was 9670 mg/L and the solid retention times (SRT) ranged from 20 to 40 days, the optimal removal efficiencies of COD, NH3-N, TP were 93.89%, 93.02%, 80.57%, respectively. Accompanying with the decreasing of the sludge loading, the substrate and nutrition were insufficient in the sMBR, leading to endogenous respiration of the activated sludge, which decreased the activity of sludge and resulted in the death of more microorganisms.

Vocs have become a weak base for air pollution control compared to particulate matter, sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide. Petrochemical, chemical, industrial coating, packaging and printing, oil storage and Marketing Industries (hereinafter referred to as key industries) are China’s key sources of VOCs emissions. In order to win the battle of protecting the blue sky and improve the air quality, it is urgent to strengthen the comprehensive treatment of VOCs in key industries. In order to fully understand the comprehensive treatment and emission control of industrial sources of organic waste gases in the city, an updated survey was conducted on the emission of VOCs from industrial sources in the region, and the results of the survey were analyzed Analysis report on VOCs emission and comprehensive treatment in key industries.

Considering the land shortage features of a given district in Hangzhou city, the High-sludge sedimentation tank + denitrification filtering tank + nitrification filtering tank + cloth media filtering tank process is adopted for purification treatment. When the system (with the treatment scale of 15,000m3/d) runs for 60 days, the average removal rate of COD and ammoniacal nitrogen are 86% and 96% respectively and the effluent quality reach the quasi grade IV standard.