178 results on '"Paolo Ciliegi"'
Search Results
2. MAORY/MORFEO@ELT: calibration unit overview
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Gianluca Di Rico, Ivan Di Antonio, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Angelo Valentini, Mauro Dolci, Alexander Goncharov, Nicholas Devaney, Lorenzo Busoni, Sylvain Oberti, Marco Riva, Jacopo Farinato, Enrico Cascone, Simonetta Chinellato, Vincenzo Cianniello, Domenico D'Auria, Vincenzo De Caprio, Christian Eredia, Enrico Giro, Demetrio Magrin, Elisa Portaluri, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Bernardo Salasnich, Paolo Ciliegi, and Ugo Di Giammatteo
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- 2022
3. MORFEO/MAORY low-order and reference WFS module preliminary design
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Marco Bonaglia, Guido Agapito, Matteo Aliverti, Nicolò Azzaroli, Lorenzo Busoni, Runa Briguglio, Giulia Carlà, Simone Esposito, Paolo Grani, Tommaso Lapucci, Cédric Plantet, Alfio Puglisi, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Marco Riva, and Paolo Ciliegi
- Published
- 2022
4. MAORY/MORFEO and rolling shutter induced aberrations in laser guide star wavefront sensing
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Guido Agapito, Lorenzo Busoni, Giulia Carlà, Cédric Plantet, Simone Esposito, and Paolo Ciliegi
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FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) - Abstract
Laser Guide Star (LGS) Shack-Hartmann (SH) wavefront sensors for next generation Extremely Large Telescopes (ELTs) require low-noise, large format (about 1Mpx), fast detectors to match the need for a large number of subapertures and a good sampling of the very elongated spots. One path envisaged to fulfill this need has been the adoption of CMOS detectors with a rolling shutter read-out scheme, that allows low read-out noise and fast readout time at the cost of image distortion due to the detector rows exposed in different moments. In this work we analyze the impact of the rolling shutter read-out scheme when used for LGS SH wavefront sensing of the Multiconjugate adaptive Optic Relay For ELT Observations (MORFEO, formerly known as MAORY) for ESO ELT; in particular, we focus on the impact on the adaptive optics correction of the distortion-induced aberrations created by the rolling exposure in the case of fast varying aberrations, like the ones coming from the LGS tilt jitter due to the up-link propagation of laser beams. We show that the LGS jitter-induced aberration for MORFEO can be as large as 100nm rms and we discuss possible mitigation strategies., 8 pages, 6 figures, SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation, 2022, Montreal, Canada
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- 2022
5. MAORY/MORFEO@ELT: Thermal Control System preliminary design
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Matteo Aliverti, Giorgio M. Pariani, Demetrio Magrin, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Simone Doniselli, Mirko Colapietro, Bernardo Salasnich, Vincenzo De Caprio, Vincenzo Cianniello, Christian Eredia, Enrico Cascone, Marco Riva, Paolo Ciliegi, and Ugo Di Giammatteo
- Published
- 2022
6. MAORY/MORFEO@ELT: optomechanical preliminary design
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Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Matteo Aliverti, Marco Riva, Giorgio M. Pariani, Vincenzo De Caprio, Vincenzo Cianniello, Christian Eredia, Enrico Cascone, Ivan Di Antonio, Gianluca Di Rico, Mauro Dolci, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Demetrio Magrin, Lorenzo Busoni, Italo Foppiani, Paolo Ciliegi, and Ugo Di Gianmatteo
- Published
- 2022
7. MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY) LOR WFS module preliminary electronics design
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Tommaso Lapucci, Marco Bonaglia, Lorenzo Busoni, Paolo Grani, Alfio Puglisi, Julian Ziegleder, Christian Eredia, Enrico Cascone, Mirko Colapietro, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
8. MORFEO@ELT: preliminary design of the real-time computer
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Andrea Baruffolo, Ivano Baronchelli, Salvatore Savarese, Salvatore Lampitelli, Italo Foppiani, Giulio Capasso, Pietro Schipani, Amedeo Petrella, Danilo Selvestrel, Lorenzo Busoni, Guido Agapito, Cédric Plantet, Marcos Suárez Valles, Sylvain Oberti, Lorenzo Pettazzi, Pierre Haguenauer, Roberto Biasi, Mauro Manetti, Damien Gratadour, François Rigaut, Jean-Pierre Véran, Dan Kerley, Malcom Smith, Jennifer S. Dunn, Andrea Balestra, Enrico Giro, Rosanna Sordo, Simonetta Chinellato, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
9. A preliminary design review study of the scientific performance of MAORY (MORFEO)
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Carmelo Arcidiacono, Elisa Portaluri, Marco Gullieuszik, Michele Cantiello, Francesca Annibali, Paolo Ciliegi, Guido Agapito, Cédric Plantet, and Lorenzo Busoni
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- 2022
10. MORFEO optical design and performances: status at preliminary design review
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Giorgio Pariani, Demetrio Magrin, Matteo Munari, Andrew P. Rakich, Bernard-Alexis Delabre, Johan Kosmalski, Patrick Rabou, Andrea Bianco, Maria Bergomi, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Matteo Aliverti, Luca Oggioni, Jacopo Farinato, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Davide Greggio, Vincenzo Cianniello, Vincenzo De Caprio, Lorenzo Busoni, Italo Foppiani, Marco Riva, Ugo Di Giammatteo, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
11. MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY) @ ELT: concept for the deformable mirrors test facility
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Nicolò Azzaroli, Marco Xompero, Giorgio M. Pariani, Runa Briguglio, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
12. MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY) @ ELT: deformable mirror WFE stability strategy for SCAO operations
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Nicolò Azzaroli, Marco Xompero, Runa Briguglio, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
13. MAORY/MORFEO@ELT: general overview up to the preliminary design and a look towards the final design
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Paolo Ciliegi, Guido Agapito, Matteo Aliverti, Francesca Annibali, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Nicolò Azzaroli, Andrea Balestra, Ivano Baronchelli, Andrea Baruffolo, Maria Bergomi, Andrea Bianco, Marco Bonaglia, Runa Briguglio, Lorenzo Busoni, Michele Cantiello, Giulio Capasso, Giulia Carlà, Elena Carolo, Enrico Cascone, Simonetta Chinellato, Vincenzo Cianniello, Mirko Colapietro, Jean-Jacques Correia, Giuseppe Cosentino, Domenico D'Auria, Vincenzo De Caprio, Nicholas Devaney, Ivan Di Antonio, Amico Di Cianno, Andrea Di Dato, Ugo Di Giammatteo, Gianluca Di Rico, Mauro Dolci, Christian Eredia, Simone Esposito, Daniela Fantinel, Jacopo Farinato, Philippe Feautrier, Italo Foppiani, Matteo Genoni, Enrico Giro, Laurence Gluck, Alexander Goncharov, Paolo Grani, Davide Greggio, Sylvain Guieu, Marco Gullieuszik, Pierre Haguenauer, Zoltan Hubert, Tommaso Lapucci, Fulvio Laudisio, Miska Le Louarn, Demetrio Magrin, Deborah Malone, Luca Marafatto, Matteo Munari, Sylvain Oberti, Giorgio M. Pariani, Lorenzo Pettazzi, Cédric Plantet, Elisa Portaluri, Alfio Puglisi, Patrick Rabou, Roberto Ragazzoni, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Marco Riva, Sylvain Rochat, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Bernardo Salasnich, Salvatore Savarese, Marcello Scalera, Pietro Schipani, Rosanna Sordo, Marie-Hélène Sztefek, Angelo Valentini, and Marco Xompero
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- 2022
14. The MAORY/MORFEO MAIT strategy in Europe
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Jacopo Farinato, Luca Marafatto, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Marco Riva, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Demetrio Magrin, Matteo Munari, Giorgio M. Pariani, Vincenzo Cianniello, Vincenzo De Caprio, Elena Carolo, Matteo Aliverti, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Andrea Baruffolo, Maria Bergomi, Marco Bonaglia, Lorenzo Busoni, Enrico Cascone, Paolo Ciliegi, Simonetta Chinellato, Domenico D'Auria, Nicholas Devaney, Ivan Di Antonio, Ugo Di Giammatteo, Gianluca Di Rico, Mauro Dolci, Simone Doniselli, Christian Eredia, Italo Foppiani, Enrico Giro, Alexander Goncharov, Zoltan Hubert, Thibaut Moulin, Sylvain Oberti, Bernardo Salasnich, Rosanna Sordo, Angelo Valentini, and Marco Xompero
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- 2022
15. Tip-tilt anisoplanatism in MCAO-assisted astrometric observations
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Giulia Carlà, Lorenzo Busoni, Cédric Plantet, Guido Agapito, Carmelo Arcidiacono, and Paolo Ciliegi
- Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM) - Abstract
A new era of ground-based observations, either in the infrared with the next-generation of 25-40m extremely large telescopes or in the visible with the 8m Very Large Telescope, is going to be assisted by multi-conjugate adaptive optics (MCAO) to restore the unprecedented resolutions potentially available for these systems in absence of atmospheric turbulence. Astrometry is one of the main science drivers, as MCAO can provide good quality and uniform correction over wide field of views ($\sim$ 1 arcmin) and offer a large number of reference sources with high image quality. The requirements have been set to very high precisions on the differential astrometry (e.g. 50$\mu$as for MICADO/MORFEO - formerly known as MAORY - at the Extremely Large Telescope) and an accurate analysis of the astrometric error budget is needed. In this context, we present an analysis of the impact of MCAO atmospheric tip-tilt residuals on relative astrometry. We focus on the effects of the scientific integration time on tip-tilt residuals, that we model through the temporal transfer function of the exposure. We define intra- and inter-exposure tip-tilt residuals that we use in the estimation of the centroiding error and the differential tilt jitter error within the astrometric error budget. As a case study, we apply our results in the context of the MORFEO astrometric error budget.
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- 2022
16. The MAORY/MORFEO fine optical alignment and recollimation strategies: preliminary simulations from ‘out of focus’ PSF images
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Gabriele Rodeghiero, Jacopo Farinato, Demetrio Magrin, Luca Marafatto, Lorenzo Busoni, Giorgio Pariani, Matteo Munari, Elena Carolo, Daniele Vassallo, Davide Greggio, Vincenzo Cianniello, Vincenzo De Caprio, Marco Riva, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
17. MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY) @ELT: preliminary design of the adaptive mirrors
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Marco Xompero, Runa Antonio Briguglio, Nicolò Azzaroli, Giorgio Pariani, Paolo Ciliegi, Matteo Tintori, Lorenzo Crimella, Samson Kummar, and Roberto Biasi
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- 2022
18. Structural analyses of the MAORY/MORFEO main support structure at global level for preliminary design review
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Vincenzo Cianniello, Vincenzo De Caprio, Christian Eredia, Domenico D'Auria, Enrico Cascone, Marco Riva, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
19. General overview of MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY) instrument control hardware design
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Enrico Cascone, Christian Eredia, Vincenzo Cianniello, Domenico D'Auria, Vincenzo De Caprio, Andrea Di Dato, Matteo Aliverti, Marco Bonaglia, Simonetta Chinellato, Ivan Di Antonio, Gianluca De Rico, Jacopo Farinato, Tommaso Lapucci, Luca Marafatto, Edoardo Radaelli, Marco Riva, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
20. Mechanical design overview for the main structure of MAORY/MORFEO
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Vincenzo De Caprio, Vincenzo Cianniello, Christian Eredia, Domenico D'Auria, Enrico Cascone, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Matteo Aliverti, Giorgio Pariani, Marco Riva, Jacopo Farinato, Demetrio Magrin, Luca Marafatto, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Simonetta Chinellato, Matteo Munari, Ivan Di Antonio, Gianluca Di Rico, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
21. MORFEO (formerly known as MAORY) instrument control software: toward a consolidated design
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Bernardo Salasnich, Andrea Baruffolo, Fulvio Laudisio, Mirko Colapietro, Andrea Balestra, Gianluca Di Rico, Daniela Fantinel, Paolo Grani, Sylvain Guieu, Fabrice Pancher, Alfio T. Puglisi, Salvatore Savarese, Pietro Schipani, Rosanna Sordo, and Paolo Ciliegi
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- 2022
22. MAORY/MORFEO: the RAM analysis approach for the preliminary design
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Simonetta Chinellato, Rosanna Sordo, Enrico Giro, Andrea Balestra, Matteo Aliverti, Andrea Baruffolo, Marco Bonaglia, Enrico Cascone, Vincenzo Cianniello, Paolo Ciliegi, Domenico D'Auria, Vincenzo De Caprio, Ivan Di Antonio, Gianluca Di Rico, Christian Eredia, Jacopo Farinato, Zoltan Hubert, Luca Marafatto, Marco M. Riva, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Bernardo Salasnich, and Marco Xompero
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- 2022
23. MORFEO@ELT: system engineering activity up to preliminary design review
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Marco M. Riva, Lorenzo Busoni, Demetrio Magrin, Andrea Balestra, Paolo Ciliegi, Guido Agapito, Matteo Aliverti, Francesca Annibali, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Niccolò Azzaroli, Ivano Baronchelli, Andrea Baruffolo, Maria Bergomi, Andrea Bianco, Marco Bonaglia, Runa Briguglio, Enrico Cascone, Simonetta Chinellato, Vincenzo Cianniello, Domenico D'Auria, Vincenzo De Caprio, Nicholas Devaney, Ivan Di Antonio, Ugo Di Gianmatteo, Gianluca Di Rico, Christian Eredia, Jacopo Farinato, Philippe Feautrier, Italo Foppiani, Matteo Genoni, Enrico Giro, Alexander Goncharov, Zoltan Hubert, Tommaso Lapucci, Luca Marafatto, Matteo Munari, Sylvain Oberti, Giorgio Pariani, Cédric Plantet, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Gabriele Rodeghiero, Bernardo Salasnich, Marcello Agostino Scalera, Rosanna Sordo, Alessio Zanutta, and Marco Xompero
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- 2022
24. Performance and limitations of using ELT and MCAO for 50 μas astrometry
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Ric Davies, Hannes Riechert, Sebastian Meßlinger, Eric Gendron, Maximilian Fabricius, G. Rodeghiero, Davide Massari, Matteo Lombini, Maximilian Häberle, Martin Glück, Jörg-Uwe Pott, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Paolo Ciliegi, Demetrio Magrin, Giorgio Pariani, Laura Schreiber, Jonas Sauter, and Saavidra Perera
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Physics ,business.industry ,Mechanical Engineering ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Distortion (optics) ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrometry ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Optics ,Space and Planetary Science ,Control and Systems Engineering ,Sky ,law ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Ray tracing (graphics) ,Adaptive optics ,business ,Instrumentation ,Zemax ,media_common - Abstract
Multi-conjugated adaptive optics (MCAO) is essential for performing astrometry with the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). Unlike most of the 8-m class telescopes, the ELT will be a fully adaptive telescope, and a significant portion of the adaptive optics (AO) dynamic range will be depleted by the correction and stabilization of the telescope aberrations and instabilities. MCAO systems are of particular interest for ground-based astrometry since they stabilize the low-order field distortions and transient plate scale instabilities, which originate from the telescope and in the instrument. All instruments have several optical elements relatively far away from the pupil that can potentially challenge the astrometric precision of the observations with their residual mid-spatial frequencies errors. Using a combined simulation of ray tracing and AO numerical codes, we assess the impact of these systematic errors at different field-of-view (FoV) scales and fitting scenarios. The distortions have been assessed at different sky position angles (PA) and indicate that over large FoVs only small PA ranges (±1 deg to 3 deg) are accessible with astrometric residuals ≤50 μas. A full compliance with the astrometric requirement, at any PA, is achievable for 2 arc sec2 FoV patches already with a third-order polynomial. The natural partition of the optical system into three segments, i.e., the ELT, the MAORY MCAO module, and the MICADO instrument, resembles a splitting of the astrometric problem into the three subsystems that are characterized by different distortion amplitudes and calibration strategies. The result is a family portrait of the different optical segments with their specifications, dynamic motions, conjugation height, and AO correctability, leading to tracing their role in the bigger puzzle of the 50-μas as astrometric endeavor.
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- 2021
25. Age, metallicity, and star formation history of spheroidal galaxies in cluster atz∼ 1.2
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Paolo Saracco, Paolo Ciliegi, Mario Nonino, F. La Barbera, Danilo Marchesini, Adriana Gargiulo, F. Mannucci, ITA, and USA
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Stellar mass ,Metallicity ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Population ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,education ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,media_common ,Physics ,education.field_of_study ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Star formation ,Velocity dispersion ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Galaxy ,Universe ,Redshift ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,embryonic structures ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics - Abstract
We present the analysis, based on spectra collected at the Large Binocular Telescope, of the stellar populations in seven spheroidal galaxies in the cluster XLSSJ0223 at $z$$\sim$1.22. The aim is to constrain the epoch of their formation and their star formation history. Using absorption line strenghts and full spectral fitting, we derive for the stellar populations of the seven spheroids a median age =2.4$\pm$0.6 Gyr, corresponding to a median formation redshift $$$\sim2.6_{-0.5}^{+0.7}$ (lookback time = 11$_{-1.0}^{+0.6}$ Gyr). We find a significant scatter in age, showing that massive spheroids, at least in our targeted cluster, are not coeval. The median metallicity is [Z/H]=0.09$\pm$0.16, as for early-types in clusters at 0$, Comment: 16 pages, 6 figures, 6 tables, published on MNRAS
- Published
- 2018
26. MAORY thermal behaviour
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Vincenzo Cianniello, Matteo Aliverti, Vincenzo De Caprio, Ugo Di Giammatteo, Christian Eredia, Demetrio Magrin, Lorenzo Busoni, Giorgio Pariani, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Italo Foppiani, Paolo Ciliegi, Enrico Cascone, and Marco Riva
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Telescope ,Wavefront ,Computer science ,Relay ,law ,Thermal ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Electronic engineering ,Physics::Optics ,Port (circuit theory) ,Scientific observation ,Adaptive optics ,law.invention - Abstract
MAORY (Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY) is an adaptive optics module able to compensate the wavefront disturbances affective the scientific observation. It is one of the four instruments approved for construction at the ELT and will be installed on the straight-through port of the telescope Nasmyth platform. Due to the size of the optical elements and the instruments itself, a careful evaluation of the optical effects related to the thermal inhomogeneity inside the instrument must be performed. The status of the analysis, the proposed validations, and the solutions proposed to mitigate these effects are presented in this work.
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- 2020
27. Optomechanical design of Maory post focal relay optics
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Vincenzo Cianniello, Matteo Aliverti, Vincenzo De Caprio, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Christian Eredia, Enrico Cascone, G. Rodeghiero, Ivan Di Antonio, Marco Riva, Ugo Di Giammatteo, Demetrio Magrin, Mauro Dolci, Italo Foppiani, Paolo Ciliegi, and Lorenzo Busoni
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Physics ,Acoustics ,Modal analysis ,Physics::Optics ,Stiffness ,Deformation (meteorology) ,law.invention ,Relay ,law ,Optical surface ,Thermal ,medicine ,medicine.symptom ,Adaptive optics ,Optomechanics - Abstract
The different optical designs that locate the optical elements in the MAORY volume impose a different strategy in the design definition of the optomechanics. Considering the different types of elements in the optical design the optomechanics must satisfy the requirement in terms of stiffness, mass and provide a compensating effect respect to the thermal breathing of the materials. In the paper are presented the solutions taken and the mounts working principle. In particular, the aspects that underline and analysed in the simulation are: 1) The behaviour of the mounts in earthquake condition and in thermal survivor condition that means twenty degrees of variation of temperature. 2) The operational condition, the deformation induced in the optical surface due to the gravity, the alignment, and a variation of temperature. 3) The modal analysis of the structure.
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- 2020
28. MAORY: optical configuration and expected optical performances
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Matteo Munari, P. Rabou, J. Kosmalki, U. Di Giammatteo, Lorenzo Busoni, G. Rodeghiero, Marco Riva, E. Radaelli, Maria Bergomi, Paolo Ciliegi, Antonino Bianco, Davide Greggio, B. Delabre, Italo Foppiani, Giorgio Pariani, Demetrio Magrin, and A. Rakich
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Wavefront ,Physics ,business.industry ,First light ,Deformable mirror ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Laser guide star ,Optics ,law ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Guide star ,business ,Adaptive optics - Abstract
The Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY (MAORY) is the Multi-Conjugated Adaptive Optics (MCAO) module for the European Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). MAORY is one of the ELT first light instruments, designed to feed the Near Infrared Red (NIR) camera MICADO with both MCAO and Single-Conjugated AO (SCAO) operation modes. The optical configuration provides a one to one image of telescope focal surface on the MICADO focal surface (with the additional capability for a second port dedicated to a future instrument), and allows the implementation of two deformable mirrors together with the Laser Guide Star (LGS) and Natural Guide Star (NGS) channels for wavefront sensing and tomographic reconstruction. In this paper we present the status of the optical configuration in the Preliminary Design Review (PDR) framework for the main path optics and the analyses results on the expected optical performance.
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- 2020
29. MAORY: the adaptive optics module for the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT)
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Ugo Di Giammatteo, Paolo Ciliegi, Christophe Verinaud, Marie-Helene Sztefek, Marco Riva, Matteo Aliverti, Vincenzo De Caprio, Daniela Fantinel, Lorenzo Busoni, A. Valentini, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Nicholas Devaney, Christian Eredia, Enrico Giro, Andrea Baruffolo, Sylvain Rochat, Matteo Munari, Maria Bergomi, Marco Bonaglia, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Andrea Bianco, Laurance Gluck, Mauro Dolci, Roberto Ragazzoni, Miska Le Louarn, A. Balestra, Sylvain Oberti, Marco Xompero, Simonetta Chinellato, Michele Cantiello, Paolo Grani, Simone Esposito, Hubert Zoltan, Demetrio Magrin, Patrick Rabou, Ivan Di Antonio, Lorenzo Pettazzi, Deborah Malone, Jacopo Farinato, Pierre Haguenauer, Enrico Cascone, Amico Di Cianno, Giorgio Pariani, Andrew Rakich, Jean-Jacques Correia, Alfio Puglisi, G. Rodeghiero, François Hénault, Italo Foppiani, G. Cosentino, Luca Marafatto, Cedric Plantet, Guido Agapito, Alexander V. Goncharov, Marco Gullieuszik, Vincenzo Cianniello, Rosanna Sordo, Gianluca Di Rico, Elisa Portaluri, Bernardo Salasnich, and Philippe Feautrier
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Wavefront ,Physics ,business.industry ,First light ,law.invention ,Optics ,Cardinal point ,Relay ,law ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Light beam ,Atmospheric turbulence ,business ,Adaptive optics - Abstract
MAORY is a post-focal adaptive optics module that forms part of the first light instrument suite for the ELT. The main function of MAORY is to relay the light beam from the ELT focal plane to the client instrument while compensating the effects of the atmospheric turbulence and other disturbances affecting the wavefront from the scientific sources of interest.
- Published
- 2020
30. MAORY RTC, a status update
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Guido Agapito, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Lorenzo Busoni, Cedric Plantet, Roberto Ragazzoni, Daniel A. Kerley, Malcom Smith, Mauro Manetti, Andrea Baruffolo, Ivano Baronchelli, Philippe Feautrier, Jennifer Dunn, Simone Esposito, Paolo Ciliegi, Italo Foppiani, Roberto Biasi, Jean-Pierre Veran, and Giuseppe Cosentino
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Data collection ,business.industry ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Strehl ratio ,Troubleshooting ,User requirements document ,business ,Adaptive optics ,Deformable mirror ,Computer hardware ,Constellation - Abstract
The Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY (MAORY) for the ESO Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) is an Adaptive Optics module offering Multi-Conjugate (MCAO) and Single-Conjugate (SCAO) compensation modes. In MCAO, it relies on the use of a constellation of Laser Guide Stars (LGS) and up to three Natural Guide Stars (NGS) for atmospheric turbulence sensing, and multiple deformable mirrors for correction, providing uniform, high Strehl and high sky coverage. MAORY will be installed at the Nasmyth focus of the E-ELT and will feed the MICADO first-light diffraction limited imager and a future second instrument. MAORY is being built by a Consortium composed by INAF in Italy, IPAG in France and the School of Physics at the National University of Ireland Galway. In this paper we report about the status of the design of the MAORY Real Time Computer, which is the component in charge of implementing the main AO control loops, as well as of auxiliary computations to keep the loops operating optimally, and of telemetry data collection for postprocessing, monitoring, testing and troubleshooting. We will start by discussing the evolution of requirements towards MAORY RTC, with an emphasis on the main driving ones. Then, we will describe how the analysis of requirements has led to the derivation of the main design parameters. Finally, we will illustrate possible RTC designs satisfying user requirements, while also complying with standards set forth by ESO.
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- 2020
31. MAORY science preparation status
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Massimo Dall'Ora, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Paolo Ciliegi, A. Marasco, Matteo Simioni, Michele Cantiello, Elisa Portaluri, and Marco Gullieuszik
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business.industry ,Group (mathematics) ,Computer science ,Frame (networking) ,Adaptive optics ,business ,Port (computer networking) ,Computer hardware - Abstract
MAORY is the MCAO module for the ELT. It feeds MICADO and a still to be defined second port instrument. The ”Science Operation” Working Group of MAORY focuses the activity on the simulation of the science cases proposed for the instrument, deriving in this way the achievable performance in different observing conditions, as can be the case of a crowded globular cluster or an almost star-empty frame on a high-z target. In this paper, we discuss the recent activities of the WP focusing on the numerical simulations environment we built and on the contribution to the Operational Concept Description of MAORY.
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- 2020
32. MAORY main structure design: general overview
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Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Domenico D'Auria, Paolo Ciliegi, Ivan Di Antonio, Enrico Cascone, Matteo Aliverti, Vincenzo De Caprio, G. Rodeghiero, Adriano Fontana, Ciro Del Vecchio, Christian Eredia, and Vincenzo Cianniello
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Telescope ,Wavefront ,Cardinal point ,law ,Computer science ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Electronic engineering ,Strehl ratio ,Port (circuit theory) ,First light ,Adaptive optics ,law.invention - Abstract
MAORY (Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY) is one of the four instruments for the ELT (Extremely Large Telescope) approved for construction. It is an adaptive optics module able to compensate the wavefront disturbances affecting the scientific observations, achieving high strehl ratio and high sky coverage. MAORY will be installed on the straight-through port of the telescope Nasmyth platform and shall re-image the telescope focal plane to MICADO (the first light imager of the ELT) and in a future second instrument port. A general overview of the present status of the mechanical design of the Main structure is given in this paper.
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- 2020
33. MAORY requirement management system
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Paolo Ciliegi, Demetrio Magrin, A. Balestra, Lorenzo Busoni, Marco Riva, Ugo DiGianmatteo, and Italo Foppiani
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Wavefront ,Requirements management ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Strehl ratio ,Port (computer networking) ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Cardinal point ,law ,Extremely Large Telescope ,business ,Adaptive optics ,Computer hardware - Abstract
MAORY (Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY) is one of the four instruments for the ELT (Extremely Large Telescope) approved for construction. It is an adaptive optics module able to compensate the wavefront disturbances affecting the scientific observations, achieving high strehl ratio and high sky coverage. MAORY will be installed on the straight-through port of the telescope Nasmyth platform and shall re-image the telescope focal plane to a wide field camera (MICADO) and in a future second instrument port. MAORY has completed the transition from developing requirements in Word and Excel, to CAMEO requirement management. A general overview of the requirement management system implemented in Cameo System Modeler is presented in this paper.
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- 2020
34. MAORY Instrument Control Hardware: general overview
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Enrico Cascone, Vincenzo Cianniello, Ivan Di Antonio, Christian Eredia, Paolo Ciliegi, Giuseppe Cosentino, Andrea Di Dato, Domenico D'Auria, Matteo Aliverti, Vincenzo De Caprio, Italo Foppiani, Gianluca Di Rico, and Edoardo Radaelli
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Instrument control ,business.product_category ,Computer science ,business.industry ,EtherCAT ,law.invention ,Relay ,law ,Systems architecture ,Network switch ,Electronics ,business ,Fieldbus ,Protocol (object-oriented programming) ,Computer hardware - Abstract
This paper provides a description of the Instrument Control Hardware design for MAORY (Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY), a first light instrument for ESO ELT. The MAORY Instrument Control Hardware is in charge of the control electronics of the entire system. It comprises all the implemented electronic devices (power supplies, PLC CPUs and terminals, motor drivers, control panel, network switches, sensors) and the harness used to connect them. The instrument control system architecture is based on the use of PLC and EtherCAT fieldbus protocol, which allows for a distribution of PLC terminals controlled by the same CPU that do not have to be physically located in the same place to communicate among each other.
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- 2020
35. Design of the performance verification unit for the MAORY system
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Deborah Malone, Nicholas Devaney, Lorenzo Busoni, Paolo Ciliegi, and Alexander V. Goncharov
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Computer science ,business.industry ,Optical telescope ,Unit (housing) ,law.invention ,Telescope ,law ,Atmospheric turbulence ,Astronomical telescopes ,Adaptive optics ,business ,Focus (optics) ,AKA ,Computer hardware - Abstract
The ESO ELT is expected to come into operation in 2025 and it will be the largest optical telescope in the world. Its performance relies heavily on Adaptive Optics (AO) systems including the integrated adaptive M4 mirror in the ELT and post focus MAORY system featuring an additional two adaptive mirrors. A performance verification unit (aka ’Test Unit’ (TU) is conceived to test the MAORY functionality prior its installation on the telescope. The TU requirements and the solution to emulate natural and laser guide stars, atmospheric turbulence and partial correction by the telescope M4 are described.
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- 2020
36. Performance and limitations of using ELT and MCAO for 50 uas astrometry
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Martin Glück, Demetrio Magrin, Davide Massari, Jonas Sauter, Richard Davies, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Saavidra Perera, Jörg-Uwe Pott, Hannes Riechert, Matteo Lombini, Maximilian Fabricius, Giorgio Pariani, Laura Schreiber, G. Rodeghiero, Maximilian Häberle, Eric Gendron, Sebastian Meßlinger, and Paolo Ciliegi
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Physics ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Field of view ,Astrometry ,law.invention ,Telescope ,Optics ,Sky ,law ,Distortion ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Ray tracing (graphics) ,business ,Adaptive optics ,media_common - Abstract
MCAO is essential to perform astrometry with the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). Differently from the 8m class telescopes, the ELT will be a fully adaptive telescope, and a significant portion of the Adaptive Optics (AO) dynamic range will be absorbed by the correction and stabilization of the telescope aberrations and instabilities. Of particular interest for the ground-based astrometry is the use of Multi-Conjugated AO systems that allow to stabilize the low order field distortions against the transient plate scale instabilities of different origin occurring at the telescope and in the instrument. The instruments have several optical elements relatively far away from the pupil that can potentially challenge the astrometric precision of the observations with their residual mid-spatial frequencies errors. Using a combined simulation of ray tracing and AO numerical codes we assess the impact of these systematic errors at different field of view scales and fitting scenarios. The distortions have been assessed at different sky Position Angles (PA) and indicate that over large field of views only small PA ranges (±1°-3°) are accessible with astrometric residuals 50 µas. A full compliance, at any PA is achievable for 2 arcsec2 FoV patches already with a 3rd order polynomial. The natural partition of the optical system in three segments, ELT-MAORY-MICADO, respectively telescope, MCAO module and instrument, resembles also a splitting of the astrometric problem in the three subsystems that are characterized by different distortion amplitudes and calibration strategies. The result is a family portrait of the different optical segments with their prescription, dynamic motions, conjugation height and AO correctability, leading to trace their role in the bigger puzzle of the 50 μas astrometric endeavor.
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- 2020
37. MAORY calibration unit design status
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Nicholas Devaney, Marco Riva, Sylvain Oberti, Vincenzo Cianniello, A. Valentini, Lorenzo Busoni, Enrico Cascone, Paolo Ciliegi, V. De Caprio, G. Di Rico, G. Rodeghiero, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Christian Eredia, Alexander V. Goncharov, Mauro Dolci, and I. Di Antonio
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Computer science ,business.industry ,Field of view ,First light ,Laser ,law.invention ,Stars ,law ,Relay ,Calibration ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Adaptive optics ,business ,Computer hardware - Abstract
MAORY (Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY) is one of the first light instruments for the ESO Extremely Large Telescope (ELT). It will be firstly used by MICADO (Multi-AO Imaging CamerA for Deep Observations), a near-infrared high-angular resolution imager, to compensate aberrations and provide highStrehl images within a 53”×53” Field of View (FoV). The complexity of MAORY requires calibration functionalities for both the AIV (Assembly-Integration-Verification) and the operational phase. The Calibration Unit (CU), providing suitable light sources, both Natural Guide Stars (NGS) and Laser Guide Stars (LGS), will enable MAORY to run calibration templates as well as verification and test procedures, in standalone mode, drastically reducing the amount of required night-time for such operations. An overview of the instrument, the current status of the design and the main challenges to face in the future are here presented.
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- 2020
38. The XXL Survey
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Konstantinos Kolokythas, M. N. Bremer, K. Tisanić, Mark Birkinshaw, Cathy Horellou, Bruno Šlaus, H. J. A. Röttgering, Paolo Ciliegi, L. Ceraj, Mladen Novak, M. Huynh, Sotiria Fotopoulou, L. Chiappetti, Marguerite Pierre, Somak Raychaudhury, Hubertus Intema, Vernesa Smolčić, N. Jurlin, University of Zagreb, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Durham University, University of Geneva [Switzerland], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen], University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Bristol [Bristol], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), The University of Western Australia (UWA)-Government of Western Australia-Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], North-West University [South Aftrica] (NWU), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Pune] (IUCAA), The Saclay group acknowledges long-term support from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)., XXL is an international project based around an XMM Very Large Programme., European Project: 337595,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,COSMASS(2014), Astronomy, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universiteit Leiden, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
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Active galactic nucleus ,PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika ,Likelihood ratio method ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,galaxies: active ,nuclei [galaxies] ,galaxies: nuclei ,radio continuum: galaxies ,accretion ,accretion disks ,galaxies: evolution ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,0103 physical sciences ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Source counts ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Density evolution ,evolution [galaxies] ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,Physics ,Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Star formation ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,Redshift ,Accretion (astrophysics) ,galaxies [radio continuum] ,Space and Planetary Science ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,active [galaxies] ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] - Abstract
We study the space density evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) using the 610 MHz radio survey of the XXL-North field, performed with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. The survey covers an area of 30.4 deg2, with a beamsize of 6.5 arcsec. The survey is divided into two parts, one covering an area of 11.9 deg2 with 1σ rms noise of 200 μJy beam−1 and the other spanning 18.5 deg2 with rms noise of 45 μJy beam−1. We extracted the catalog of radio components above 7σ. The catalog was cross-matched with a multi-wavelength catalog of the XXL-North field (covering about 80% of the radio XXL-North field) using a likelihood ratio method, which determines the counterparts based on their positions and their optical properties. The multi-component sources were matched visually with the aid of a computer code: Multi-Catalog Visual Cross-Matching. A flux density cut above 1 mJy selects AGN hosts with a high purity in terms of star formation contamination based on the available source counts. After cross-matching and elimination of observational biases arising from survey incompletenesses, the number of remaining sources was 1150. We constructed the rest-frame 1.4 GHz radio luminosity functions of these sources using the maximum volume method. This survey allows us to probe luminosities of 23 ≲ log(L1.4 GHz[W Hz−1]) ≲ 28 up to redshifts of z ≈ 2.1. Our results are consistent with the results from the literature in which AGN are comprised of two differently evolving populations, where the high luminosity end of the luminosity functions evolves more strongly than the low-luminosity end.
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- 2020
39. A closer look at the deep radio sky: Multi-component radio sources at 3-GHz VLA-COSMOS
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E. Middleberg, Kunal Mooley, Eleni Vardoulaki, K. Tisanić, Steven T. Myers, Vernesa Smolčić, S. Marchesi, Frank Bertoldi, Anton M. Koekemoer, Eva Schinnerer, Sarah K. Leslie, M. Bondi, Mark Sargent, J. Delhaize, Mladen Novak, Ghassem Gozaliasl, G. Zamorani, E. F. Jiménez Andrade, Alexis Finoguenov, N. Herrera Ruiz, Alexander Karim, Paolo Ciliegi, Benjamin Magnelli, Department of Physics, and Helsinki Institute of Physics
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ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI ,AGN FEEDBACK ,PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,catalogs ,galaxies: active ,galaxies: star formation ,radio continuum: galaxies ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,ABELL CLUSTERS ,Flux ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,active [catalogs – galaxies] ,STAR-FORMATION ,catalogs – galaxies: active ,0103 physical sciences ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics ,FIELD ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Image resolution ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,QB ,media_common ,Physics ,010308 nuclear & particles physics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,HUBBLE-SPACE-TELESCOPE ,115 Astronomy, Space science ,CATALOG ,Galaxy ,galaxies [radio continuum] ,GREEN VALLEY ,Space and Planetary Science ,Sky ,Area coverage ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,ANGLE TAIL GALAXIES ,Cosmos (category theory) ,star formation [galaxies] ,EMISSION - Abstract
In this data paper we present and characterise the multi-component radio sources identified in the VLA-COSMOS Large Project at 3 GHz (0.75 arcsec resolution, 2.3 ��Jy/beam rms), i.e. the radio sources which are composed of two or more radio blobs.The classification of objects into multi-components was done by visual inspection of 351 of the brightest and most extended blobs from a sample of 10,899 blobs identified by the automatic code blobcat. For that purpose we used multi-wavelength information of the field, such as the 1.4-GHz VLA-COSMOS data and the UltraVISTA stacked mosaic available for COSMOS. We have identified 67 multi-component radio sources at 3 GHz: 58 sources with AGN powered radio emission and 9 star-forming galaxies. We report 8 new detections that were not observed by the VLA-COSMOS Large Project at 1.4 GHz, due to the slightly larger area coverage at 3 GHz. The increased spatial resolution of 0.75 arcsec has allowed us to resolve (and isolate) multiple emission peaks of 28 extended radio sources not identified in the 1.4-GHz VLA-COSMOS map. We report the multi-frequency flux densities (324 MHz, 325 MHz, 1.4 GHz & 3 GHz), star-formation-rates, and stellar masses of these objects. Multi-component objects at 3-GHz VLA-COSMOS inhabit mainly massive galaxies (>10^10.5 Msun). The majority of the multi-component AGN lie below the main-sequence of star-forming galaxies (SFGs), in the green valley and the quiescent region. We provide detailed description of the objects: amongst the AGN there are 2 head-tail, 10 core-lobe, 9 wide-angle-tail (WAT), 8 double-double or Z-/X-shaped, 3 bent-tail radio sources, and 26 symmetric sources, while amongst the SFGs we find the only star-forming ring seen in radio emission in COSMOS. We report a large number (32/58) of disturbed/bent multi-component AGN, 18 of which do not lie within X-ray groups in COSMOS (0.08 < z < 1.53). [abridged], A&A accepted; 32 pages, 14 figures, 5 tables, 3 Appendices
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- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. The XXL Survey
- Author
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L. Chiappetti, Minh Huynh, Paolo Ciliegi, J. Delhaize, N. Jurlin, A. Iovino, A. Butler, Vernesa Smolčić, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Marguerite Pierre, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Zagreb, International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), The University of Western Australia (UWA)-Government of Western Australia-Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Department of Physics [Durham University], Durham University, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Saclay group acknowledges long-term support from the Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES)., XXL, XMM Very Large Programme, European Project: 337595,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,COSMASS(2014), European Project: 333654,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG,AGN FEEDBACK(2013), Government of Western Australia-The University of Western Australia (UWA)-Curtin University [Perth], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
- Subjects
PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika ,010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences ,Field (physics) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,radio continuum: general ,FOS: Physical sciences ,Context (language use) ,Astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,Telescope ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics ,radio continuum: general, radio continuum: galaxies, catalogs ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics ,0105 earth and related environmental sciences ,media_common ,Physics ,radio continuum: galaxies ,Near-infrared spectroscopy ,Radio flux ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Astronomy and Astrophysics ,Nuclear activity ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,galaxies [radio continuum] ,Space and Planetary Science ,Sky ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,Magnitude (astronomy) ,general [radio continuum] ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,catalogs - Abstract
In this paper we present the optical, near-infrared (NIR) and X-ray identifications of the 6287 radio sources detected in the 2.1 GHz deep radio survey down to a median rms of ~ 41microJy/beam obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) in the XXL-S field. The goal of this paper is to provide a multi wavelength catalogue of the counterparts of the radio sources to be used in further studies. For the optical and NIR identification of the radio sources, we used the likelihood ratio (LR) technique, slightly modified in order to take into account the presence of a large number of relatively bright counterparts close to the radio sources. This procedure led to the identification of optical/NIR counterparts for 4770 different radio sources (~77% of the whole radio sample), 414 of which also have an X-ray counterpart. This fraction of identification is in agreement with previous radio-optical association studies at a similar optical magnitude depth, but is relatively low in comparison to recent work conducted in other radio fields using deeper optical and NIR data. The analysis of optical and NIR properties of radio sources shows that, regardless of the radio flux limit of a radio survey, the nature of the identified sources is strongly dependent on the depth of the optical/NIR used in the identification process. Only with deep enough optical/NIR data will we be able to identify a significant fraction of radio sources with red (z_{DEC}-K) counterparts whose radio emission is dominated by nuclear activity rather than starburst activity., Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
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- 2018
41. Numerical simulations of MAORY MCAO module for the ELT
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Marco Xompero, Matteo Lombini, Emiliano Diolaiti, Roberto Ragazzoni, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Guido Agapito, Simone Esposito, Fausto Cortecchia, Alfio Puglisi, Mauro Patti, Lorenzo Busoni, Christophe Verinaud, Giovanni Bregoli, Paolo Ciliegi, Italo Foppiani, Sylvain Oberti, Corrado Felini, G. Cosentino, V. De Caprio, Laura Schreiber, Philippe Feautrier, Michele Bellazzini, ITA, and FRA
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Scheme (programming language) ,Computer simulation ,Computer science ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Physics::History of Physics ,010309 optics ,CUDA ,Computer engineering ,End-to-end principle ,0103 physical sciences ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Code (cryptography) ,Calibration ,Adaptive optics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,computer ,computer.programming_language - Abstract
MAO (MAORY Adaptive Optics) is the a developed numerical simulation tool for adaptive optics. It was created especially to simulate the performance of the MAORY MCAO module of the Extremely Large Telescope. It is a full end-to-end Monte-Carlo code able to perform different flavors of adaptive optics simulation. We used it to investigate the performance of a the MAORY and some specific issue related to calibration, acquisition and operation strategies. As, MAORY, MAO will implement Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics combining Laser Guide Stars (LGS) and Natural Guide Stars (NGS) measurements. The implementation of the reference truth WFS completes the scheme. The simulation tool implements the various aspect of the MAORY in an end to end fashion. The code has been developed using IDL and use libraries in C++ and CUDA for efficiency improvements. Here we recall the code architecture, we describe the modeled instrument components and the control strategies implemented in the code.
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- 2018
42. MAORY for ELT: preliminary design overview
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Angelo Valentini, Luca Terenzi, Edoardo Redaelli, Giorgio Pariani, Estelle Moraux, Demetrio Magrin, Mauro Dolci, Simone Zaggia, Christophe Vérinaud, Noël Ventura, Marie-Hélène Sztefek, Eric Stadler, Marilena Spavone, Laura Schreiber, Paolo Saracco, Bernardo Salasnich, Alain Roux, Frédéric Roussel, Sylvain Rochat, Matteo Aliverti, Marco Riva, Roberto Ragazzoni, Patrick Rabou, Alfio T. Puglisi, Linda Podio, Cédric Plantet, Mauro Patti, Sylvain Oberti, Thibaut Moulin, Gianluca Morgante, Didier Maurel, Enrico Marchetti, Filippo Mannucci, Yves Magnard, Matteo Lombini, Miska Le Louarn, Etienne P. Le Coarer, Mimma Lauria, Sylvain Lafrasse, Paolo La Penna, Laurent Jocou, Francois B. Hénault, Laurence Gluck, Enrico Giro, Italo Foppiani, Giuliana Fiorentino, Daniela Fantinel, Simone Esposito, Gianluca Di Rico, Alain Delboulbe, Adriano De Rosa, Vincenzo De Caprio, Massimo Dall'Ora, Valentina D'Orazi, Giuseppe Cosentino, Fausto Cortecchia, Jean-Jacques Correia, Enrico Cascone, Alexis Carlotti, Davide Greggio, Paolo Grani, Ivan Di Antonio, Andrea Balestra, Natalia Auricchio, Laurence Michaud, Elisabetta Maiorano, Philippe Feautrier, Lorenzo Busoni, Olivier Brissaud, Giovanni Bregoli, Marco Bonaglia, Michele Bellazzini, Andrea Baruffolo, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Guido Agapito, Renata Abicca, Paolo Ciliegi, Emiliano Diolaiti, and ITA
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Wavefront ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,01 natural sciences ,Compensation (engineering) ,law.invention ,010309 optics ,Telescope ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics ,Atmospheric turbulence ,Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Adaptive optics ,Instrument design ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics - Abstract
MAORY is one of the approved instruments for the European Extremely Large Telescope. It is an adaptive optics module, enabling high-angular resolution observations in the near infrared by real-time compensation of the wavefront distortions due to atmospheric turbulence and other disturbances such as wind action on the telescope. An overview of the instrument design is given in this paper.
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- 2018
43. Electronics design of the LOR WFS module of MAORY
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Bernardo Salasnich, Fausto Cortecchia, A. Valentini, Philippe Feautrier, Emiliano Diolaiti, Michele Bellazzini, G. Di Rico, Paolo Ciliegi, Lorenzo Busoni, I. Di Antonio, Marco Bonaglia, Roberto Ragazzoni, and Simone Esposito
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Wavefront ,Control electronics ,Software ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Control system ,Electronics ,business ,Adaptive optics ,Motion control ,Computer hardware - Abstract
The LOR WFS module will provide low and medium order sensing for the MAORY MCAO mode. It is composed of three identical units, hosting two Shack-Hartmann wavefront sensors each: an infrared 2×2 sub-apertures, used for low order modes, and a visible 10×10 sub-apertures for the slow truth sensing needed to correct the LGS WFS measurements. In this paper we show the current design of the NGS WFS control electronics and the interfaces with the MICADO instrument.
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- 2018
44. Status of the preliminary design of the NGS WFS subsystem of MAORY
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I. Di Antonio, Emiliano Diolaiti, Guido Agapito, Marco Bonaglia, Roberto Ragazzoni, Simone Esposito, Lorenzo Busoni, A. Valentini, P. Feautrier, G. Di Rico, Cedric Plantet, Paolo Ciliegi, Alfio Puglisi, Christophe Giordano, Michele Bellazzini, ITA, and FRA
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010309 optics ,Control electronics ,Computer science ,0103 physical sciences ,Electronic engineering ,Sodium layer ,Guide star ,Wavefront sensor ,Electronics ,Breadboard ,Adaptive optics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics ,01 natural sciences - Abstract
The Natural Guide Star (NGS) Wavefront Sensor (WFS) sub-system of MAORY implements 3 Low-Order and Reference (LOR) WFS needed by the Multi-Conjugate Adaptive Optics (MCAO) system. Each LOR WFS has 2 main purposes: first, to sense the fast low-order modes that are affected by atmospheric anisoplanatism and second, to de-trend the LGS measurements from the slow spatial and temporal drifts of the Sodium layer. These features require to implement 2 different WFS sharing the same NGS and optical breadboard but being respectively a 2×2 Shack-Hartman Sensor (SHS) working at infrared wavelengths and a slow 10×10 SHS at visible bands. The NG WFS sub-system also provides a common support plate for the 3 WFS and their control electronics and cabling. The paper summarizes the status of the preliminary design of the LOR Module on the road to the MAORY Preliminary Design Review (PDR), focusing mainly on the description and analysis of the opto-mechanical arrangement foreseen for the NGS WFS sub-system. Performances and the design trade-offs of the NGS WFS sub-system are analyzed in a complementary paper. First, the requirement imposed by MAORY AO system are discussed. Then the paper gives an overview of the opto-mechanical arrangement for the main components of the sub-system: the support plate, the 3 WFS units and their interfaces to the instrument rotator. In the end the paper discusses the sub-system pointing and WFE budgets derived from different analyses. The design concept for the electronic devices of the sub-system, the cabinet arrangement and the cabling sheme are given in second complementary paper.
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- 2018
45. MAORY for ELT: preliminary mechanical design of the support structure
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Marco Riva, Marco Bonaglia, Enrico Cascone, Edoardo Maria Alberto Redaelli, Roberto Ragazzoni, Fausto Cortecchia, Adriano De Rosa, Matteo Lombini, Simone Esposito, Luca Terenzi, Vincenzo De Caprio, Michele Bellazzini, Philippe Feautrier, Paolo Ciliegi, Enrico Giro, Eric Stadler, Emiliano Diolaiti, Mauro Patti, and Carmelo Arcidiacono
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Wavefront ,Computer science ,business.industry ,Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics ,Strehl ratio ,Port (circuit theory) ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,010309 optics ,Telescope ,Cardinal point ,Relay ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Aerospace engineering ,business ,Adaptive optics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics - Abstract
MAORY (Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY) is one of the four instruments for the ELT (Extremely Large Telescope) approved for construction. It is an adaptive optics module able to compensate the wavefront disturbances affecting the scientific observations, achieving high strehl ratio and high sky coverage. MAORY will be located on the straight-through port of the telescope Nasmyth platform and shall re-image the telescope focal plane to a wide field camera (MICADO) and a possible future second instrument. A trade-off study among different mechanical design options for the main mechanical structure has been carried out. This paper outlines an overview of the mechanical design that gives a better result in terms of stability, vibrations and manufacturing.
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- 2018
46. The MAORY laser guide star wavefront sensor: design status
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Christophe Verinaud, Roberto Ragazzoni, Sylvain Oberti, Sylvain Rochat, Fausto Cortecchia, L. Gluck, Jean-Jacques Correia, Michele Bellazzini, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Sylvain Douté, Eric Stadler, Simone Esposito, Estelle Moraux, Lorenzo Busoni, T. Moulin, Paolo Ciliegi, Emiliano Diolaiti, Alain Delboulbé, Philippe Feautrier, Laurent Jocou, Yves Magnard, Laura Schreiber, Gael Chauvin, Patrick Rabou, ITA, and FRA
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Wavefront ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Field of view ,Wavefront sensor ,First light ,Laser ,law.invention ,Optics ,Laser guide star ,law ,Extremely Large Telescope ,business ,Spectrograph - Abstract
MAORY will be the multi-adaptive optics module feeding the high resolution camera and spectrograph MICADO at the Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) first light. In order to ensure high and homogeneous image quality over the MICADO field of view and high sky coverage, the baseline is to operate wavefront sensing using six Sodium Laser Guide Stars. The Laser Guide Star Wavefront Sensor (LGS WFS) is the MAORY sub-system devoted to real-time measurement of the high order wavefront distortions. In this paper we describe the MAORY LGS WFS current design, including opto-mechanics, trade-offs and possible future improvements.
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- 2018
47. Organization, management and risk analysis of the MAORY project
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Roberto Ragazzoni, Emiliano Diolaiti, Paolo Ciliegi, Enrico Giro, Fausto Cortecchia, Simone Esposito, Michele Bellazzini, Renata Abicca, P. Feautrier, Eric Stadler, and Matteo Lombini
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Telescope ,Risk analysis ,Risk analysis (engineering) ,Computer science ,business.industry ,law ,ComputingMethodologies_SYMBOLICANDALGEBRAICMANIPULATION ,ComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSING ,Project management ,business ,Risk management ,law.invention - Abstract
In this paper we present the structure, organization and risk management of the MAORY Consortium, an Italian-French collaboration for the design and construction of the adaptive optics module for the European Large Telescope.
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- 2018
48. The MICADO first-light imager for the ELT: towards the preliminary design review of the MICADO-MAORY SCAO
- Author
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Emiliano Diolaiti, Sébastien Durand, Napoléon Nguyen-Tuong, Michael Hartl, Fabrice Vidal, D. Gratadour, C. Perrot, Paolo Ciliegi, Jean-Michel Huet, Eric Gendron, Mathieu Cohen, Vincent Déo, Vincent Chambouleyron, Gérard Rousset, Gérard Zins, Richard Davies, Julien Gaudemard, Youssef Younes, F. Chapron, Florian Ferreira, Lorenzo Busoni, Olivier Dupuis, Arnaud Sevin, Simone Esposito, Josef Schubert, Yann Clénet, Pierre Baudoz, Tristan Buey, Elsa Huby, Philippe Feautrier, P. Fédou, Saber Ben Nejma, Bertrand Le Ruyet, Bruno Borgo, Veronika Hörmann, Z. Hubert, Simone Thijs, Gaële Barbary, ITA, FRA, and DEU
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Wavefront ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Control software ,First light ,Wavefront sensor ,Dichroic glass ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,010309 optics ,Telescope ,Optics ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Guide star ,business ,Adaptive optics ,010303 astronomy & astrophysics - Abstract
MICADO is the European ELT first-light imager, working in the near-infrared at the telescope diffraction limit. Provided by MAORY, the ELT first-light adaptive optics module (AO), MCAO will be the primary AO mode of MICADO, driving the design of the instrument. MICADO will also come with a SCAO capability. Developed under MICADO’s responsibility and jointly by MICADO and MAORY, SCAO will be the first AO mode to be tested at the telescope, in a phased approach of the AO integration at the ELT. The MICADO-MAORY SCAO preliminary design review (PDR) will occur in November 2018. We present here different activities and results we have had in the past two years preparing this PDR, covering several fields (opto-mechanics, electronics, real-time and control software, integration and tests, AO simulations and performance, prototyping) and the different SCAO subsystems (pyramid wavefront sensor, calibration unit, real-time computer, dichroic and the so-called Green Doughnut which hosts the SCAO assembly as well as the MAORY MCAO natural guide star wavefront sensors).
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- 2018
49. MAORY optical design analysis and tolerances
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Davide Greggio, Carmelo Arcidiacono, Mauro Patti, Matteo Lombini, Emiliano Diolaiti, Paolo Ciliegi, Roberto Ragazzoni, Demetrio Magrin, Simone Esposito, Fausto Cortecchia, and Philippe Feautrier
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Accuracy and precision ,Tolerance analysis ,Computer science ,Monte Carlo method ,02 engineering and technology ,Astrometry ,Extremely Large Telescope ,Optics ,Tolerance ,Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Condensed Matter Physics ,Applied Mathematics ,Electrical and Electronic Engineering ,01 natural sciences ,law.invention ,010309 optics ,Relay ,law ,0103 physical sciences ,Electronic ,Electronic engineering ,Figure of merit ,Optical and Magnetic Materials ,Adaptive optics ,Spectrograph ,Wavefront ,021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology ,0210 nano-technology - Abstract
MAORY (Multi-conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY) will be the multi-conjugate adaptive optics module for the ELT first light. MAORY is a post focal relay optics and supports the MICADO imager and spectrograph. The tolerance process of MAORY is one of the most important step in the instrument design since it is intended to ensure that MAORY requested performances are satisfied when the final assembled instrument is operative. At the end, the assignment of tolerances to the various opto-mechanical parameters should be a trade-off between final cost of the system and its resulting performances. This paper describes the logic behind the tolerance analysis starting from definition of quantitative figures of merit for MAORY requirements and ending with estimation of MAORY performances perturbed by opto-mechanical tolerances. The method used to estimate tolerances takes care of compensation of errors during assembly/alignment procedure and uses a Root-Sum-Squared (RSS) merit function to combine independent error contributions. There are two requirements that limit the allowable changes of opto-mechanical parameters. The Root-Mean-Squared wavefront error (RMS WFE) and the optical distortion. The first one must satisfy diffraction limited performance over the MICADO Field-of-View (FoV) while the second one must satisfy high astrometric accuracy and precision. As criterion for tolerancing, the defined merit function considers the RMS wavefront referred to star centroids and adds boundary constraints on the compensators and geometric distortion in MICADO FoV. To evaluate the impact of tolerances on astrometry, a Monte Carlo approach was followed validating the expected performances from a pure opto-mechanical point of view.
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- 2018
50. The MAORY ICS software architecture
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Roberto Ragazzoni, Daniela Fantinel, Gérard Zins, Andrea Baruffolo, Simone Esposito, A. Balestra, Gianluca Di Rico, Mario Kiekebusch, Paolo Ciliegi, Bernardo Salasnich, Philippe Feautrier, Alfio Puglisi, Dan Popovic, Emiliano Diolaiti, L. Gluck, Lorenzo Busoni, ITA, FRA, and DEU
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Software development process ,Software ,Instrument control ,business.industry ,Computer science ,Component-based software engineering ,Strehl ratio ,Adaptive optics ,business ,Software architecture ,Computer hardware ,System software - Abstract
The Multi Conjugate Adaptive Optics RelaY (MAORY) for ESO’s Extremely Large Telescope (ELT) is an adaptive optics module offering multi-conjugate (MCAO) and single-conjugate (SCAO) compensation modes. In MCAO, it relies on the use of up to six Laser Guide Stars (LGS) and three Natural Guide Stars (NGS) for atmospheric turbulence sensing and multiple mirrors for correction, providing high Strehl and high sky coverage. In SCAO mode, a single natural source is used as reference, providing better correction but in a smaller field. MAORY will be installed at the Nasmyth focus of the ELT. It will feed the MICADO first-light diffraction limited imager and a future second instrument. MAORY is being built by a Consortium composed by INAF in Italy and IPAG in France and is currently approaching end of phase B. In this paper we describe the preliminary design of the MAORY Instrument Control System Software (ICS SW). We start with an overview of the MAORY module and then describe the general architecture of the MAORY control network and software. We then describe the main software components, with particular emphasis to those managing the NGS and LGS wavefront sensors functions and the AO off-load and secondary loops, and the main interfaces to subsystems and external systems. We then conclude with a description of the software engineering practices adopted for the development of MAORY ICS SW.
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- 2018
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