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The present study was carried out with the objective of characterizing the production of Solanum tuberosum L. in an agroecological context in seven family farms in Jovellanos municipality, Matanzas province. The Principal Component Analysis was carried out to determine the variables that showed more variability and, on that basis, the farms were grouped by means of the Conglomerate Analysis. Morphological, agronomic and management variables (soil type, amount of irrigation and application of organic matter) were studied. High accumulated variability was found in the first five components, which explained 93.9 % of the variance. Yields varied between 6 and 17 t ha-1, the tuber had 20.9 % of dry matter. Four groups were formed, one of them represented by a single farm, which showed the best results in the productive behavior of this species. The inclusion of Solanum tuberosum L. in the crop rotation of small producers in Jovellanos municipality is a viable and sustainable option, which contributes to the food security of the territory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pyelonephritis-associated fimbria (P fimbria) is one of the most recognized adhesion determinants of extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli strains (ExPECs). Twelve variants have been described for the gene encoding the P fimbria major structural subunit PapA and three variants for the gene encoding the adhesin subunit PapG. However, their distribution among the ExPEC diversity has not been comprehensively addressed. A complete landscape of that distribution might be valuable for delineating basic studies about the pathogenicity mechanisms of ExPECs and following up on the evolution of ExPEC lineages, particularly those most epidemiologically relevant. Therefore, we performed a massive descriptive study to detect the papA and papG variants along different E. coli genotypes represented by genomic sequences contained in the NCBI Assembly Refseq database. The most common papA variants were F11, F10, F48, F16, F12, and F7-2, which were found in significant association with the most relevant ExPEC genotypes, the phylogroups B2 and D, and the sequence types ST95, ST131, ST127, ST69, ST12, and ST73. On the other hand, the papGII variant was by far the most common followed by papGIII, and both were also found to have a significant association with common ExPEC genotypes. We noticed the presence of genomes, mainly belonging to the sequence type ST12, harboring two or three papA variants and two papG variants. Furthermore, the most common papA and papG variants were also detected in records representing strains isolated from humans and animals such as poultry, bovine, and dogs, supporting previous hypotheses of potential cross-transmission. Finally, we characterized a set of 17 genomes from Chilean uropathogenic E. coli strains and found that ST12 and ST73 were the predominant sequence types. Variants F7-1, F7-2, F8, F9, F11, F13, F14, F16, and F48 were detected for papA, and papGII and papGIII variants were detected for papG. Significant associations with the sequence types observed in the analysis of genomes contained in the NCBI Assembly Refseq database were also found in this collection in 16 of 19 cases for papA variants and 7 of 9 cases for the papG variants. This comprehensive characterization might support future basic studies about P fimbria-mediated ExPEC adherence and future typing or epidemiological studies to monitor the evolution of ExPECs producing P fimbria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Potato peel extract has demonstrated the ability to reduce platelet aggregation in vitro, suggesting its potential as a dietary intervention for preventing atherothrombotic disorders. Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of a potato peel-rich diet on platelet aggregation. Methods: A randomized, crossover-controlled, open two-period study was carried out with the participation of 12 healthy volunteers. Platelet aggregation was assessed before and after a seven-day dietary intervention. Participants consumed either a diet rich in potato peel (2 g/kg/d) or acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) as a reference (100 mg/d). Platelet aggregation percentages were measured following stimulation with arachidonic acid (AA, 150 µg/mL), adenosine diphosphate (ADP, 10 µM), and collagen (COL, 10 µg/mL). Results: The potato peelrich diet resulted in a slight but significant reduction in platelet aggregation when stimulated with arachidonic acid compared to baseline values (85.0±2.0% vs. 91.3±1.7%, p<0.05). This effect was less pronounced than the reduction achieved with ASA (16±1.9%, p<0.001). Conclusion: The administration of a diet rich in potato peel reduces platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid, suggesting its potential role in the prevention of atherothrombotic disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Introducción. Los parámetros de respuesta fisiológica al estrés por sequia son la conjugación de una serie de atributos de acción lenta o rápida. Las variables de intercambio gaseoso son catalogadas como de respuesta rápida, su nivel de aparición o afección dependen de la interacción entre factores como el genotipo, duración e intensidad y la etapa fenológica de ocurrencia del estrés. Objetivo. Identificar los niveles de respuesta fisiológica que presenta Solanum phureja bajo el estrés progresivo por déficit hídrico. Materiales y métodos. El experimento se realizó entre 2019 y 2020, bajo condiciones semi-controladas en el Centro de Investigación Obonuco de la Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria, donde se sembraron cuatro cultivares de papa, la mitad del ensayo se mantuvo con riego a capacidad de campo y a la otra parte se le suspendió para inducir estrés por déficit hídrico durante 15 días, luego se rehidrataron; se evaluaron variables de intercambio gaseoso, clorofila y eficiencia fotosintética cada tres días. Resultados. Se presentaron diferencias significativas estadísticamente, con los valores máximos de intercambio gaseoso en plantas del tratamiento control con 16,67 µmol m-2 s-1 tasa de fotosíntesis (A); 0,34 mol m-2 s-1 conductancia estomática (gs) 5,5 mmol m-2 s-1 transpiración (E) y en estrés 1,17 µmol m-2 s-1 (A); 0,013 mol m-2 s-1 (gs); 0,29 mmol m-2 s-1 (E). En cuanto al contenido de clorofila, se presentaron valores entre 451,7 y 474,69 mg m-2 con riego y sin riego, respectivamente. Conclusiones El cierre estomático fue la respuesta más temprana al déficit hídrico, además las plantas de papa presentaron recuperación de los valores de intercambio gaseoso después del suministro de riego posterior al estrés. Finalmente se identificaron tres niveles de respuesta fisiológica, estrés leve, moderado y severo según la intensidad y duración del estrés, lo cual es de utilidad para futuros estudios y planteamientos de calendarios de riego.

Medieval Europe experienced great political, social, economic and religious disruption following the collapse of the Roman Empire. This chaotic environment continued until the Carolingian rule partially restored the "Pax Romana". After Charlemagne, with the weakening and eventual collapse of the Carolingian rule, Europe was again in turmoil. The Papacy established itself with Carolingian support and entered the process of institutionalization. However, the effects of the insecure environment in Europe also had an impact on the Papacy. In particular, this period was defined as Saeculum Obscurum (Dark Age) for the Papacy. After the withdrawal of Carolingian support, the Papacy and the office of the Pope came under the control of the nobles in Italy, especially in Rome. With this process, some traditions, rules and practices from the past began to break down. The Lateran Roman Church was seen as the property of certain families and individuals. As a result of this situation, the office of the Pope became the hereditary institution of the nobility. These noblemen ignored the rules of the past for the papal office and engaged in irregular behavior/practices In this position, the most unique pope was Pope IX. Benedictus. The main goal of this article is to evaluate various aspects of Pope IX. Benedictus's life and the Saeculum Obscurum (Dark Age) that the Papal state experienced through contemporary sources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Polydactyly or hexadactyly is a familiar limb defect that either occurs as an isolated entity (non-syndromic) or is associated with severe (syndromic) morphological phenotypes. Generally, it appears due to a defect in the anteroposterior patterning during limb development. Methods: Here, we present a proband having non-syndromic post-axial polydactyly (PAP) evaluated using whole exome sequencing followed by Sanger sequencing. Furthermore, 3D protein modeling was executed for the normal and mutated IQ domain-containing protein E (IQCE) gene. Results: WES analysis revealed an already reported bi-allelic variant (c.395-1 G>A) in the IQCE gene, previously associated with PAP 7. Furthermore, 3D modeling revealed significant fluctuations in the IQCE protein secondary structure, thus affecting downstream signaling. Conclusion: The work presented validated the significant role of the IQCE gene in the development and patterning of human limbs. [JBCGenetics 2023; 6(1.000): 29-35]

En este artículo se realiza la clasificación de las relaciones comerciales inter e intraindustriales de la papa de Colombia respecto de 56 socios para el periodo 1992-2019. Esto se analiza mediante el índice de Grubel y Lloyd y tres modelos gravitacionales, que evalúan la incidencia del PIB, población, distancia, firma de acuerdos comerciales e idioma sobre las dinámicas comerciales. Los resultados evidencian que las dinámicas comerciales de la papa son de carácter intraindustrial; aunque al diferenciar entre la comercialización de papa fresca y papa transformada, se reporta una dependencia de Colombia en la exportación de la primera y la importación de la segunda. Se encuentra un efecto negativo de la firma de TLC sobre las exportaciones y positivo sobre las importaciones, lo que lleva a validar la condición interindustrial asociada a la importación de papa transformada y el efecto negativo del comercio internacional en el sector.

Copyright of Ethnologie Française is the property of Presses Universitaires de France and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract Background We report a three-year-old girl with a potentially unique phenotype of perinatal onset and neurovascular features who was found to have PAMI syndrome. We also compare her case to those previously reported and review the differences between the PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases (PAID) phenotypes and genotypes. Case presentation The patient was found to have a heterozygous pathogenic variant in PSTPIP1 (c.748G > A p.E250K). This variant was shown to be absent in both parents and therefore de novo in the patient. A literature review was carried out through multiple databases using the terms PSTPIP1, PAID, PAPA syndrome and PAMI syndrome. This information was collected and used to form comparisons between the current literature and our reported case. Conclusions Our case contributes to the literature on PAMI syndrome whilst providing an example of a potentially unique clinical phenotype, giving insight into the pre-symptomatic phase of the condition. We highlight the importance of considering PAMI syndrome in the differential for early onset unexplained inflammation. In addition, we explore the possibility that perinatal neurovascular events could be an early feature of PAMI syndrome.

El chuño, un producto ancestral que se obtiene de la papa por medio de un proceso de deshidratación, es un alimento que puede aportar significativamente a la soberanía alimentaria de un pueblo. El objetivo del presente artículo fue estudiar la producción de este alimento en la comunidad de Pucará y su intervención en la gastronomía local. Para ello se trabajó a partir de una metodología con enfoque cualitativo y un diseño etnográfico donde se aplicaron técnicas de observación directa, entrevistas y bibliográficas con el fin de interpretar y entender las diversas costumbres y tradiciones de este pueblo. Los resultados demostraron que la producción de chuño es una de las actividades con mayor importancia para esta comunidad cuya elaboración se destinada al consumo interno en pocas preparaciones gastronómicas a pesar que tiene cualidades que pueden ser útiles en varias recetas como sustituto de la harina del maíz o del trigo. Se concluye que el desconocimiento por parte de la sociedad afecta negativamente a la producción de este producto lo que puede influir a futuro su cultivo y la desaparición de este, el cual se relaciona con la rápida pérdida del patrimonio biocultural relacionado con los alimentos.

A tanulmány Esterházy Pál gróf földesúri ellenreformációját mutatja be, aki 1660-ban fellépett a Veszprém megyei Pápa városában élő protestánsokkal szemben. A kutatás forrásanyagát az Esterházy hercegi család ágának levéltára biztosítja, amely források révén mélyebb betekintésre nyílik lehetőség, a város és a protestánsok helyzetére vonatkozóan. A jelen tanulmány egy katonai kihallgatási jegyzőkönyv, valamint az Esterházy Pál intézkedéseit során keletkezett lajstromok és névjegyzékek tükrében mutatja be a földesúri ellenreformáció egy jól nyomon követhető esetét, ismerteti a protestánsokat ért sérelmeket, a templom elvételét a reformátusoktól és azt, hogy ez milyen lépésekre sarkalta a pápai protestánsokat.

Recently, empirical evidence from perinatal studies has led researchers to pay more attention to fathers. The need to evaluate male suffering led at first to using the same screening tools developed for mothers. However, these instruments present validity concerns with fathers, and today the need to assume a gender-based perspective is clear. The Perinatal Assessment of Paternal Affectivity (PAPA) is a self-reported questionnaire for the screening of a variety of psychological and behavioral dimensions related to affectivity as experienced by fathers during the perinatal period. In the present study, the psychometric properties of the maternal version of the scale (Perinatal Assessment of Maternal Affectivity; PAMA) were examined. The study, based on 225 mothers and their partners (n = 215), used a cross-sectional design with a single assessment at the third trimester of pregnancy. Results indicated a one-factor structure for a seven-item version of the PAMA, which showed adequate internal consistency reliability and was associated in the expected direction with other clinically relevant variables (depression, psychological distress, perceived stress and dyadic adjustment). The findings suggest the usefulness of developing gender sensitive screening tools for the detection of perinatal affective disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In order to detect potato crop pests from symptom images, a web platform was developed to facilitate the diagnosis of early and late blight from images of affected leaves. The Python programming language, the Flask framework, Bootstrap for platform styling, the necessary libraries, and Pycharm as development environment were used. Image recognition and artificial intelligence software tools, specifically artificial neural networks, were used to implement the diagnostic module. The system also includes the field monitoring record with the incidences of pests, allows incorporating new data, and provides information on management in correspondence with climate variability. For the diagnosis validation, images of symptoms confirmed by experts were taken. The neural network model used was 94.6 % accurate. Future work will include the detection of viruses, bacteria and other fungi from images. The tool is a useful and novel application at the service of agri-food safety, serving as a coordinated platform for plant protection technicians and farmers involved in potato cultivation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To determine the spatial disposition pattern of Myzus persicae Sulze and predict the evolution of its dispersal in a potato crop (Solanum tuberosum L.), an area of 0.5 ha of the variety 'Gazelle' was monitored in the experimental fields of the National Institute of Agricultural Sciences (INCA), Mayabeque, Cuba. Weekly samplings were carried out during the vegetative growth of the crop. In each sampling, 40 geo-referenced fixed plants were examined and the aphids present on each plant were counted, and samples were collected for identification. The aphid population density per sampling was calculated, and the exploratory analysis of this variable was carried out. The spatial disposition of aphids was determined according to indices for sampling units that were not necessarily contiguous. The geostatistical data analysis was carried out by elaborating population density maps using the ordinary Kriging technique. M. persicae proved to be the predominant aphid in the crop. The disposition indices used indicate an aggregated population distribution on most of the sampling dates. Field location, size and density of M. persicae aggregates in the potato crop were highly variable. Kriging predicts the existence of areas of unstable aphid density, and it is estimated that the population will invade a large part of the field. Due to the conditions of this agro-ecosystem, this aphid species in potato follows a trend in which aggregates emerge at the edges and move toward the central zone of the crop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Polydactyly or polydactylism, also known as a hyperdactyly, is a congenital limb defect with various morphologic phenotypes. Apart from physical and functional impairments, the presence of polydactyly is an indication of an underlying syndrome in the newborn. Usually, it follows as an autosomal dominant/recessive inheritance pattern with defects in the limb development's anteroposterior patterning. Although mutations in several genes have been associated with polydactyly; however, the exact underlying cause, pathways, and disease mechanisms are still unexplored, thus making it of multi‐factorial origin. Polydactyly is divided into three subtypes; radial, ulnar, and central polydactyly. So far, 11 loci (PAPA1‐PAPA11) and seven human genes have been reported to cause non‐syndromic postaxial polydactyly in humans, including the ZNF141, GLI3, IQCE, GLI1, FAM92A1, KIAA0825, and DACH1. In this review, we discuss emerging evidences of clinical and molecular characterization of polydactyly types in term of the involvement of newly associated genes and loci for non‐syndromic postaxial polydactyly, and how these might impact our understanding of the genetic mechanisms and molecular etiology involved in the cause of polydactyly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The uniqueness of the figure of the Pope and of his possible resignation from the primatial office is observed in the perspective of the more frequent and regular resignations of diocesan bishops. Beyond the outward similarities and dissimilarities, the legal analysis of the “cause” of the resignation offers a fertile field of reflection. It helps to address other issues, including practical ones, such as the capacity of the office holder to resign and the form of the resignation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Potato is an important crop for thousands of small-holder farmers in Bolivia. The potato cyst nematodes (Globodera rostochiensis and G. pallida) have been reported in most cultivated areas of Bolivia and are a significant constraint to the production of potato in the country. A survey was conducted in 2022 to provide a current understanding of the identity, distribution, and occurrence of Globodera spp. in Bolivia. Soil samples were collected from 144 potato fields and Globodera spp. cysts were found in 82% of the samples. There were significantly (P < 0.001) higher population densities of Globodera spp. in the departments of La Paz, Cochabamba, and Chuquisaca (297 to 1,008 cysts/250 cm3 soil) compared to Potosí and Tarija (~85 cysts/250 cm3soil). Based upon molecular identification, both G. rostochiensis and G. pallida were found, with G. rostochiensis being the most prevalent species in Bolivia found in 87% of infested fields. These findings provide an updated assessment of the current status of Globodera spp. in Bolivia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Abstract Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen. Pediocin is a group IIα bacteriocin with anti-listeria activity that is naturally produced by Pediococcus acidilactic and Lactobacillus plantarum. The pedA/papA gene encodes pediocin/plantaricin. In native hosts, the expression and secretion of active PedA/PapA protein rely on the accessory protein PedC/PapC and ABC transporter PedD/PapD on the same operon. The excretion machines were also necessary for pediocin protein expression in heterologous hosts of E. coli, Lactobacillus lactis, and Corynebacterium glutamicum. In this study, two vectors carrying the codon sequence of the mature PapA peptide were constructed, one with and one without a His tag. Both fragments were inserted into the plasmid pHT43 and transformed into Bacillus subtilis WB800N. The strains were induced with IPTG to secrete the fused proteins PA1 and PA2. Supernatants from both recombinant strains can inhibit Listeria monocytogenes ATCC54003 directly. The fused protein possesses inhibition activity as a whole dispense with removal of the leading peptide. This is the first report of active pediocin/PapA expression without the assistance of PedCD/PapCD in heterogeneous hosts. In addition, the PA1 protein can be purified by nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) metal affinity chromatography.

Дане дослідження узагальнює зміст трансформаційних змін та акцентує увагу на основних етичних принципах, що вирізняють добрі практики наукових досліджень та роботи з даними в умовах цифровізації. У статті наголошено на тому, в умовах цифровізації має місце інтегрування принципів інформаційної та науково-дослідницької етики. Принципи дослідницької етики – повага, компетентність, відповідальність, чесність – набувають ширшого змісту, розглянуті з позицій гарантування приватності, точності, дотримання прав власності та доступності інформації (тобто основних правил інформаційної етики). У статті запропоновано Матрицю інтегрування змісту етичних принципів наукових досліджень з принципами інформаційної етики. Підкреслено, що трансформація етики наукових досліджень в умовах цифровізації також висуває й нові вимоги до компетенцій дослідника, що формує проблемне поле для подальших наукових розвідок у цій сфері.

Background: Malfunctioning of executive functions correlates with psychopathology in children. However, the directionality, the extent to which the relation varies for various disorders, and whether prospective relations afford causal interpretations are not known. Methods: A community sample of Norwegian children (n = 874) was studied biennially from the age of 6 to 14 years. Executive functions were assessed using the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function Teacher‐report and symptoms of psychopathology were assessed using the Preschool Age Psychiatric Assessment (age 6; parents) and Child and Adolescent Psychiatric Assessment (ages 8–14; children and parents). Prospective reciprocal relations were examined using a random intercept cross‐lagged panel model that adjusts for all unobserved time‐invariant confounders. Results: Even when time‐invariant confounders were accounted for, reduced executive functions predicted increased symptoms of depressive disorders, anxiety disorders, attention‐deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), and conduct disorder (CD) 2 years later, even when previous changes in these symptoms were adjusted for. The level of prediction (B =.83, 95% CI [.37, 1.3]) was not different for different disorders or ages. Conversely, reduced executive functions were predicted by increased symptoms of all disorders (B =.01, 95% CI [.01,.02]). Conclusions: Reduced executive functioning may be involved in the etiology of depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD to an equal extent. Moreover, increased depression, anxiety, ADHD, and ODD/CD may negatively impact executive functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Estudiantil AGRO - VET is the property of Universidad Mayor de San Andres, Facultad de Agronomia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Human Review is the property of Eagora Science and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O artigo pretende expor a ousadia e, ao mesmo tempo, a coragem evangélica do papa Bento XV, que governou a Igreja de 1914 a 1922, no período da Primeira Guerra Mundial, para a qual o pontífice lançou diversas críticas e exortações de paz aos beligerantes, ainda que sem sucesso. Por meio de averiguação bibliográfica em autores da história eclesiástica, faz-se um breve relato do contexto histórico em que Bento XV foi eleito, com ênfase na Primeira Guerra Mundial, para se destacar sua atuação diante do conflito. Ao mesmo tempo, destaca-se sua firmeza na redação da Carta Apostólica Maximum Illud, no contexto das atividades missionárias, que também acabou por desagradar algumas alas da Igreja pela sua firme postura ao dizer, por exemplo, que congregação alguma é dona de determinado território, mas deve ali se instalar até que se forme um clero local. Analisando a conduta de Bento XV diante de ambas as situações, constata-se que foi um papa que sempre soube dizer a verdade e não se preocupou com a popularidade, razão pela qual acabou por se tornar uma personagem esquecida ou pouco explorada. Nesse sentido, este texto também procura resgatar a incansável atuação de Bento XV e saudá-la, trazendo-o para o rol de um dos importantes pontificados do século XX.

English School accounts of international relations always stressed some degree of interaction between political international society and ideational world society. Yet, English School research, relying on agential and structural premises, often misses how and where international society and world society interact. If intermediation between the two societies is identified, it often remains abstract. I argue that identifying agents and the standards defining their practices helps to understand intermediation between international society and world society. I suggest that likely candidates that practice intermediation are rooted in both international society and world society. This is because practices rooted in both realms are also defined by the standards of both realms. I argue that the Pope and the United Nations Secretary-General are likely intermediation instances between international society and world society. Both are equally footed in international society and world society. Given their organizational embedding in international society, both rely on practices informed by international society standards such as diplomacy. Yet, both also rely on world society standards such as their concern for humanity. Focusing on the sanctity of the individual rather than only on state-based interests and agendas of international society marks their concern and caring for refugees. I illustrate this argument with advocacy, an intermediation practice. Deprived of membership in a community, solutions for refugees in international society require political and moral theory from world society, relying on concepts such as humanity. Advocating for refugees on the grounds of world society's common humanity, the Pope and the United Nations Secretary-General are intermediation instances between world society and international society. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: We report a three-year-old girl with a potentially unique phenotype of perinatal onset and neurovascular features who was found to have PAMI syndrome. We also compare her case to those previously reported and review the differences between the PSTPIP1-associated inflammatory diseases (PAID) phenotypes and genotypes. Case presentation: The patient was found to have a heterozygous pathogenic variant in PSTPIP1 (c.748G > A p.E250K). This variant was shown to be absent in both parents and therefore de novo in the patient. A literature review was carried out through multiple databases using the terms PSTPIP1, PAID, PAPA syndrome and PAMI syndrome. This information was collected and used to form comparisons between the current literature and our reported case. Conclusions: Our case contributes to the literature on PAMI syndrome whilst providing an example of a potentially unique clinical phenotype, giving insight into the pre-symptomatic phase of the condition. We highlight the importance of considering PAMI syndrome in the differential for early onset unexplained inflammation. In addition, we explore the possibility that perinatal neurovascular events could be an early feature of PAMI syndrome. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Las papas (o patatas) pueden ser un buen complemento a un sistema de cultivos de especialidad mixta a pequeña escala. Con acceso al equipo adecuado para el manejo mecanizado de malezas, el aporque y la cosecha, las papas son relativamente fáciles de cultivar. El clima de la Costa Central es ideal para la producción de papa. Los rendimientos pueden alcanzar la impresionante cifra de 10 toneladas por acre. Esta guía describe los pasos necesarios para el cultivo orgánico de papas, las necesidades de equipo y proporciona información sobre los hábitos de crecimiento y variedades recomendadas de papas precoces -también conocidas como papas tempranas o papas “primor” y las papas “cremosas”.

Las curvas de absorción de los nutrientes permiten elaborar planes de fertilización óptimos para alcanzar un mejor rendimiento y calidad de los tubérculos en papa. La investigación se desarrolló en la Estación Experimental Santa Catalina (EESC) del Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Agropecuarias (INIAP - Ecuador). El objetivo fue determinar las curvas de absorción de los nutrientes (N, P, K, Ca, Mg y S) en la producción de semilla de papa prebásica con diferentes soluciones nutritivas en condiciones de invernadero, en suelo como sustrato y con plántulas provenientes de esquejes de la variedad Superchola. Se estudiaron cinco soluciones nutritivas: Testigo (T1), Método Racional (T2), INIAP (T3), Steiner (T4) y Pilvicsa (T5). Se utilizó un diseño completamente al azar. Se evaluó la biomasa seca total, absorción de nutrientes (cuatro etapas fenológicas) y rendimiento. Los resultados principales mostraron que: i) la mayor cantidad de biomasa se obtuvo en T5 con 205.68 g planta-1; ii) la absorción de nutrientes en T5 presentó los mayores valores de N, P, K, Ca, Mg y S, con 4.4, 0.97, 8.25, 1.57, 0.52 y 0.55 g planta-1, respectivamente; iii) T5 presentó un rendimiento de 10.73 t ha-1 y T4, 10.63 t ha-1, y iv) el modelo logístico utilizado presentó coeficientes de determinación del 90%. En conclusión, el tratamiento T5 (Pilvicsa) presentó mejores resultados en biomasa, absorción de nutrientes y rendimiento.

The potato cyst nematode, Globodera rostochiensis, is a major potato pest throughout the world. Despite the environmental concerns associated with the use of chemical nematicides, they remain essential for integrated management programs, especially when resistant varieties are lacking. This study investigated fosthiazate efficacy to control G. rostochiensis in potato in comparison to fluopyram and the biological control agent Paecilomyces lilacinus strain PL1. Two independent trials were carried out at fields in Ödemiş and Bozdağ Districts, İzmir Province, Turkey. All treatments reduced densities of G. rostochiensis in roots and soil compared to the non-treated controls. All pesticides consistently decreased the reproduction factor (Rf = final population density/initial population density) values of G. rostochiensis compared to the non-treated controls in Ödemiş and Bozdağ. However, fosthiazate and fluopyram were more effective than the biological agent. Fosthiazate, fluopyram, and P. lilacinus strain PL1 applications increased potato yields in Ödemiş and Bozdağ by 21-34% and 20-31%, respectively, compared to the control. In conclusion, the application of fosthiazate and fluopyram provided a higher level of protection against G. rostochiensis and should be considered an alternative and integrative option in nematode management programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen. Pediocin is a group IIα bacteriocin with anti-listeria activity that is naturally produced by Pediococcus acidilactic and Lactobacillus plantarum. The pedA/papA gene encodes pediocin/plantaricin. In native hosts, the expression and secretion of active PedA/PapA protein rely on the accessory protein PedC/PapC and ABC transporter PedD/PapD on the same operon. The excretion machines were also necessary for pediocin protein expression in heterologous hosts of E. coli, Lactobacillus lactis, and Corynebacterium glutamicum. In this study, two vectors carrying the codon sequence of the mature PapA peptide were constructed, one with and one without a His tag. Both fragments were inserted into the plasmid pHT43 and transformed into Bacillus subtilis WB800N. The strains were induced with IPTG to secrete the fused proteins PA1 and PA2. Supernatants from both recombinant strains can inhibit Listeria monocytogenes ATCC54003 directly. The fused protein possesses inhibition activity as a whole dispense with removal of the leading peptide. This is the first report of active pediocin/PapA expression without the assistance of PedCD/PapCD in heterogeneous hosts. In addition, the PA1 protein can be purified by nickel-nitrilotriacetic acid (Ni-NTA) metal affinity chromatography. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The search for life on other planets is one of the most important scientific challenges of this century, centered mainly on Mars. The Atacama Desert is one of the places on the planet with an environment similar to the red planet, with a hyper-arid core that constitutes an extreme environment and scarce life, due to environmental factors. At the moment it has not been possible to confirm the existence of life in this planet, but it is planned to take the life to this planet by means of potato crop. Also has been research the application of microorganisms for the recovery of desert soils, with high salinity or low fertility, through the interaction of microorganisms and plants. The present review describes the similarities between the La Joya desert in Atacama and Mars, showing its importance for the search for life on that planet. Show the recent advances in the investigation of potato crops for its development on Mars or in similar conditions, in addition to the importance of the application of microorganisms that facilitate the growth and adaptability of this crop to inhospitable conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a literature review on the use of potato protein concentrate as an alternative to antibiotics in diets for weaned piglets. Possible alternatives are explored, such as antimicrobial peptides and plant-origin protease inhibitors, especially those derived from potatoes. Potato protein concentrate is highlighted as an ingredient with potential to be used in antibiotic-free diets, but more information is needed to verify its effectiveness. Additionally, potato proteins and their antimicrobial activity are mentioned, as well as studies showing improvements in productive performance and reduction of bacteria with the inclusion of potato protein in piglet diets. The use of chito-oligosaccharide as a substitute for growth promoters in weaned piglets is also analyzed. [Extracted from the article]

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Pyogenic sterile arthritis, pyoderma gangrenosum, and acne (PAPA) syndrome is a rare autosomal dominant autoinflammatory disorder caused by mutations in the PSTPIP1/CD2BP1 gene. We systematically reviewed 93 patients with PAPA and PAPA-like syndrome. Most patients were male (65.9%) mainly born to non-consanguineous parents. The median (IQR) age at the onset of symptoms and diagnosis was 6.0 (2.0-8.0) and 25.0 (7.0-32.0) years, respectively. 62.5% of patients were presented with arthropathies and septic arthritis was the most common (54.2%) initial diagnosis. Joint disorders were the most common findings (n=71, 78.9%) starting at the median (IQR) age of 4.0 (2.0-8.0) years, mainly in the knee (56.5%), ankle (36.9%), and elbow (47.8%). Skin involvement (62 (66.7%)) initially presented at a median (IQR) age of 12.0 (20.-10.0) years and included pyoderma gangrenosum (n=41, 44.1%), acne (n=43, 46.2%), and nodulocystic acne (n=19, 20.4%). There was a stronger association between skin manifestations and the development of the classic triad (P<0.001) compared to joint disorders (P=0.05) and patients with lower age of onset were more prone to the progression of the complete triad (P=0.18). Corticosteroids (n=45, 50.0%) with or without anakinra (33.3%) were the treatments applied in the majority of patients. PAPA/PAPA-like syndromes involve mainly non-axial joints in early childhood and later skin in the second decade of life. Only 26.4% of the patients manifested the classical triad of PAPA syndrome. There is no clear genotype-phenotype association in these disorders. More studies are required to investigate the therapeutic options in PAPA/PAPA-like syndromes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research study assessed the efficacy of biofungicides for managing the pathogenic fungus Rhizoctonia solani Kühn in potato crops at three different sites in the state of Nariño (Colombia). A randomized complete block experimental design with three replicates was performed in plots with a high incidence of rhizoctoniasis disease (black scurf). The treatments included a control (T1), Penthiopyrad chemical control (T2), Trichoderma spp. (T3), Bacillus subtilis (T4), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (T5), and the biostimulant Nointox® (T6). The results showed significant differences between treatments and the control, achieving a lower incidence of rhizoctoniasis disease during sprouting and tuberization stages. Yields were highest at the Santa Ana de Tuquerres (Nariño, Colombia) site, but this may be due to environmental factors. It is concluded that the fungicide Pentiopirad, Trichoderma spp., and Bacillus subtilis showed the most promising features for managing R. solani in potato crops. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document presents the potato chain's main obstacles in Colombia during the pandemic and analyses one of many solutions applied. The mechanisms of collaboration in marketing are studied from a biological metaphor as an emerging strategy to solve the distribution problems of the potato chain. The virus emergence stands out as a deconstructive event, in which, in addition to deliberate strategies, an emerging one is required to solve the economic problems derived from the pandemic situation. Finally, this work identifies the emerging elements that favored this situation and proposes some factors to strengthen mutualist marketing as an alternative in a deconstruction event. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article aims to propose a review of some of the titles with which the Church refers to the pope, such as Bishop of Rome, Supreme Pontiff and Vicar of Christ, to investigate whether, in fact, they still say something about the modus operandi et vivendi of the Petrine ministry today. The analysis proves to be important because, for the reform of the papacy called for, even by the popes themselves (UUS 95; EG 32), this review can be a first step to be taken, since, starting from the perspective that the Papacy is a construction, it was not always as it is today and therefore in the future it may be different. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aims to reflect on the dimension of synodality as an expression of the Church’s authentic way of being, that is, as its identity. For this, it appropriates some aspects of the synodal journey, which has just begun under a new methodology. In general, it considers the question of synodality as the leitmotif of Francis’ pontificate, as already manifested in several of his magisterial texts. The first part of the text holds a discussion based on the etymology of the term synod, evolving towards some of its interpretative possibilities. The second part is oriented around the three methodological concepts fundamental for the process of synodal consultation, namely: encountering, listening and discerning. The last part focuses on some of the most evident achievements of the internalization of synodality as an ordinary form of expression of ecclesial life. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La transformación genética de plantas es una herramienta biotecnológica de alto impacto en el mejoramiento vegetal que brinda la posibilidad de obtener nuevos cultivos que se adapten a las demandas de producción y de consumo. Actualmente la estrategia de transformación más utilizada en papa se basa en la incorporación de genes completos vía Agrobacterium tumefaciens. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue desarrollar el primer protocolo de transformación para Solanum tuberosum cv. Spunta mediado por Agrobacterium tumefaciens utilizando el antibiótico higromicina como agente de selección. Para ello se transformaron explantes de papa cv. Spunta utilizando A. tumefaciens con un vector binario que contenía el gen hpt que confiere resistencia al antibiótico higromicina. Se realizaron determinaciones moleculares y fenotípicas para validar tanto la eficiencia del protocolo de transformación como la acción del antibiótico higromicina como agente de selección. Se obtuvieron 62 ápices regenerados de los explantes inoculados con A. tumefaciens (62% de regeneración) de las cuales 30 plantas fueron positivas para el gen hpt. Considerando como eficiencia de transformación el número de plantas transgénicas/el número de explantes inoculados, obtuvimos un 30% de eficiencia. El presente trabajo permitió desarrollar un protocolo sencillo y eficiente de transformación genética de papa cv. Spunta mediante A. tumefaciens utilizando higromicina como agente selectivo.