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11. Plastic Polymers and Antibiotic Resistance in an Antarctic Environment (Ross Sea): Are We Revealing the Tip of an Iceberg?

Author

Caruso, Gabriella, Azzaro, Maurizio, Dell'Acqua, Ombretta, Papale, Maria, Lo Giudice, Angelina, and Laganà, Pasqualina

Subjects
COLONIZATION (Ecology), DRUG resistance in bacteria, MULTIDRUG resistance, PLASTICS, MARINE pollution
Abstract

Microbial colonization of plastic polymers in Antarctic environments is an under-investigated issue. While several studies are documenting the spread of plastic pollution in the Ross Sea, whether the formation of a plastisphere (namely the complex microbial assemblage colonizing plastics) may favor the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) in this marine environment is unknown yet. A colonization experiment was performed in this ecosystem, aiming at exploring the potential role of plastic polymers as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance. To this end, the biofilm-producing activity and the antibiotic susceptibility profiles of bacterial strains isolated from biofilms colonizing submerged polyvinylchloride and polyethylene panels were screened. The colonization experiment was carried out at two different sites of the Ross Sea, namely Road Bay and Tethys Bay. Most of bacterial isolates were able to produce biofilm; several multidrug resistances were detected in the bacterial members of biofilms associated to PVC and PE (also named as the plastisphere), as well as in the bacterial strains isolated from the surrounding water. The lowest percentage of ARB was found in the PE-associated plastisphere from the not-impacted (control) Punta Stocchino station, whereas the highest one was detected in the PVC-associated plastisphere from the Tethys Bay station. However, no selective enrichment of ARB in relation to the study sites or to either type of plastic material was observed, suggesting that resistance to antibiotics was a generalized widespread phenomenon. Resistance against to all the three classes of antibiotics assayed in this study (i.e., cell wall antibiotics, nucleic acids, and protein synthesis inhibitors) was observed. The high percentage of bacterial isolates showing resistance in remote environments like Antarctic ones, suffering increasing anthropic pressure, points out an emerging threat with a potential pathogenic risk that needs further deepening studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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33. First report on pollutant accumulation and associated microbial communities in the freshwater sponge Spongilla lacustris (Linnaeus, 1759) from the sub‐Arctic Pasvik River (Norway).

Author

Lo Giudice, Angelina, Papale, Maria, Rizzo, Carmen, Giannarelli, Stefania, Caruso, Gabriella, Aspholm, Paul Eric, Maimone, Giovanna, and Azzaro, Maurizio

Subjects
*MICROBIAL communities, *POLLUTANTS, *BACTERIAL communities, *BACTERIAL diversity, *PESTICIDE pollution, *FRESHWATER ecology, *TUNDRAS
Abstract

This explorative study was aimed at first characterizing the sponge Spongilla lacustris (Linnaeus, 1759) from the sub‐Arctic Pasvik River (Northern Fennoscandia), in terms of associated microbial communities and pollutant accumulation. Persistent organic pollutants were determined in sponge mesohyl tissues, along with the estimation of the microbial enzymatic activity rates, prokaryotic abundance and morphometric traits, and the analysis of the taxonomic bacterial diversity by next‐generation sequencing techniques. The main bacterial groups associated with S. lacustris were Alphaproteobacteria and Gammaproteobacteria, followed by Chloroflexi and Acidobacteria. The structure of the S. lacustris‐associated bacterial communities was in sharp contrast to those of the bacterioplankton, being statistically close to those found in sediments. Dieldrin was measured at higher concentrations in the sponge tissues (3.1 ± 0.4 ng/g) compared to sediment of the same site (0.04 ± 0.03 ng/g). Some taxonomic groups were possibly related to the occurrence of certain contaminants, as was the case of Patescibacteria and dieldrin. Obtained results substantially contribute to the still scarce knowledge of bacterial community diversity, activities, and ecology in freshwater sponges. Practitioner Points: Microbial community associated with Spongilla lacustris is probably shaped by the occurrence of certain contaminants, mainly dieldrin and heavy metals.A higher accumulation of dieldrin in the sponge mesohyl tissues than in sediment was determined.S. lacustris is suggested as sponge species to be used as a sentinel of pesticide pollution in the Pasvik River.S. lacustris, living in tight contact with soft substrates, harbored communities more similar to sediment than water communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Sleep Respiratory Disorders in Children and Adolescents with Cystic Fibrosis and Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia

Author

Papale, Maria, Manti, Sara, Presti, Santiago, Mollica, Federico, Parisi, Giuseppe F., Leonardi, Salvatore, Papale, Maria, Manti, Sara, Presti, Santiago, Mollica, Federico, Parisi, Giuseppe F., and Leonardi, Salvatore

Abstract

Cystic fibrosis (CF) and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) are genetic respiratory diseases featured by chronic upper and lower airway inflammation and infection, mainly due to impaired mucociliary clearance due to genetic mutations. Sleep is crucial to healthy children’s normal physical and psychological development and has an important value in chronic respiratory diseases. Impaired sleep quality, such as sleep deprivation or insufficient sleep during the night, and sleep respiratory disorders (SRDs) are common in 5% to 30% of the general population. Sleep disruption leads to attention deficits, daytime sleepiness, fatigue and mood disorders and correlates to a worsened quality of life. Furthermore, sleep respiratory disorders (SRSs) are under-recognized comorbidities in CF and PCD patients. SRSs include a spectrum of symptoms ranging from primary snoring through upper airway resistance to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), nocturnal hypoventilation and hypoxemia occurring in people with moderate to severe lung disease and damaging the disease-related outcomes and quality of life. Effective screening during sleep with polysomnography is very important for the timely initiation of efficacious treatments and to prevent worsened respiratory, metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes. However, the impact of SRDs on health and quality of life is still underinvestigated.

Published
2023

44. Microbial Community Abundance and Metabolism Close to the Ice-Water Interface of the Blomstrandbreen Glacier (Kongsfjorden, Svalbard): A Sampling Survey Using an Unmanned Autonomous Vehicle

Author

Papale, Maria, primary, Caruso, Gabriella, additional, Maimone, Giovanna, additional, La Ferla, Rosabruna, additional, Lo Giudice, Angelina, additional, Rappazzo, Alessandro Ciro, additional, Cosenza, Alessandro, additional, Azzaro, Filippo, additional, Ferretti, Roberta, additional, Paranhos, Rodolfo, additional, Cabral, Anderson Souza, additional, Caccia, Massimo, additional, Odetti, Angelo, additional, Zappalà, Giuseppe, additional, Bruzzone, Gabriele, additional, and Azzaro, Maurizio, additional

Published
2023
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50. Trophic and Microbial Patterns in the Ross Sea Area (Antarctica): Spatial Variability during the Summer Season

Author

Azzaro, Maurizio, primary, Specchiulli, Antonietta, additional, Maimone, Giovanna, additional, Azzaro, Filippo, additional, Lo Giudice, Angelina, additional, Papale, Maria, additional, La Ferla, Rosabruna, additional, Paranhos, Rodolfo, additional, Souza Cabral, Anderson, additional, Rappazzo, Alessandro Ciro, additional, Renzi, Monia, additional, Castagno, Pasquale, additional, Falco, Pierpaolo, additional, Rivaro, Paola, additional, and Caruso, Gabriella, additional

Published
2022
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