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Paragus punctulatus Zetterstedt, 1838 (new to Slovenia). Region: UC. Examined material: ♁, Triglav National Park, Stara Fužina, 26.vi.2022. leg. A. Vujić, M. Janković Milosavljević, T. Tot (FSUNS); ♀, Triglav National Park, 27.vi.2022. leg. A. Vujić, M. Janković Milosavljević, T. Tot (FSUNS)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180

Paragus albifrons (Fallén, 1817). Region: CK. Reference: Funk & Graeffe (1895), Glumac (1956)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180, {"references":["Funk, D. & Graeffe, E. (1895) Contributo alla fauna dei dintorni dei dintorni di Trieste. Atti del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Trieste, 9, 211 - 233.","Glumac, S. (1956) Syrphidae (Diptera) slobodne teritorije Trsta (zone B) - Kopra i Umaga, sakupljene 1955 god. Glasnik Prirodnjackog Muzeja srpske zemlje, B, 8 (3), 173 - 203."]}

Paragus pecchiolii Rondani, 1857. Regions: UC, GO, CK, CL. Reference: de Groot & Govedič (2008)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180, {"references":["De Groot, M. & Govedic, M. (2008) Checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of Slovenia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 16 (1), 67 - 87."]}

Paragus bradescui Stănescu, 1981. Regions: CK. Reference: Glumac (1956) (as Paragus albifrons), Vujić et al. (1999)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180, {"references":["Glumac, S. (1956) Syrphidae (Diptera) slobodne teritorije Trsta (zone B) - Kopra i Umaga, sakupljene 1955 god. Glasnik Prirodnjackog Muzeja srpske zemlje, B, 8 (3), 173 - 203."]}

Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822. Regions: UC, GO, SS, CA, CK, CL, DR, LC. Reference: de Groot & Govedič (2008), Van Steenis et al. (2013)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil. Schulz- Wundermann, Hamm, x + 416 pp., pls. 22 - 32.","De Groot, M. & Govedic, M. (2008) Checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of Slovenia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 16 (1), 67 - 87.","Van Steenis, W., De Groot, M. & Van Steenis, J. (2013) New data on the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 21 (2), 131 - 162."]}

Paragus testaceus Meigen, 1822 (new to Slovenia). * Regions: GO, CK. Reference: Funk & Graeffe (1895), Glumac (1956) (as Paragus bicolor var. arcuatus, Paragus bicolor var. bicolor and Paragus bicolor var. sexarcuatus)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil. Schulz- Wundermann, Hamm, x + 416 pp., pls. 22 - 32.","Funk, D. & Graeffe, E. (1895) Contributo alla fauna dei dintorni dei dintorni di Trieste. Atti del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Trieste, 9, 211 - 233.","Glumac, S. (1956) Syrphidae (Diptera) slobodne teritorije Trsta (zone B) - Kopra i Umaga, sakupljene 1955 god. Glasnik Prirodnjackog Muzeja srpske zemlje, B, 8 (3), 173 - 203."]}

Paragus bicolor (Fabricius, 1794). * Regions: CK, DR, MU, CS, SA. Reference: Strobl (1910), Glumac (1956), de Groot & Govedič (2008)., Published as part of Kočić, Anja, Vujić, Ante, Tot, Tamara, Milosavljević, Marina Janković & Groot, Maarten De, 2023, An updated checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Slovenia, pp. 189-227 in Zootaxa 5297 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5297.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/7993180, {"references":["Strobl, P. G. (1910) Die Dipteren von Steiermark. II. Nachtrag. Mitteilungen Natur Verein fur Steiermark, 46, 45 - 293.","Glumac, S. (1956) Syrphidae (Diptera) slobodne teritorije Trsta (zone B) - Kopra i Umaga, sakupljene 1955 god. Glasnik Prirodnjackog Muzeja srpske zemlje, B, 8 (3), 173 - 203.","De Groot, M. & Govedic, M. (2008) Checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera, Syrphidae) of Slovenia. Acta Entomologica Slovenica, 16 (1), 67 - 87."]}

Paragus absidatus Goeldlin, 1971 Examined material. East-Tyrol: Lienz, Virgental, Hinterbichl, Kohlr��serlwiesen 1700���2000 m, 47��00���21������ N, 12��19��� 24������ E, 7.7.1991 (1♀), leg. & det. C. Claussen. Notes. There is no further information about the habitat of the collecting site in Austria. P. absidatus can be found in subalpine to alpine grassland, but occasionally also in montane grasslands down to the Picea zone. In Central Europe, this species is known from the France Alps and Switzerland (Speight 2020). The specimen is deposited in the private collection of Claus Claussen., Published as part of Heimburg, Helge, Doczkal, Dieter & Holzinger, Werner E., 2022, A checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Austria, pp. 151-209 in Zootaxa 5115 (2) on page 157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6352373, {"references":["Speight, M. C. D. (2020) Species accounts of European Syrphidae, 2020. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera). Vol. 104. Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 314 pp."]}

Paragus bradescui Stanescu, 1981 Examined material. Lower Austria: G��nserndorf, Sandberge bei Oberweiden 155 m, 48��17��� N, 16��50��� E, 27.6.2018 (1♂), leg. H. Zettel, det. D. Doczkal. Notes. The collection site in Austria was characterized by Pannonian sand dunes and open pioneer grassland. The plant community of this area is described as Astragalo austriaci-Festucetum sulcatae (Rabitsch, 2002). By now, P. bradescui was recorded from southern France, former Yugoslavia, Romania and some regions of the Middle East (Speight 2020)., Published as part of Heimburg, Helge, Doczkal, Dieter & Holzinger, Werner E., 2022, A checklist of the hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Austria, pp. 151-209 in Zootaxa 5115 (2) on page 157, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5115.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/6352373, {"references":["Rabitsch, W. (2002) Die Wanzenfauna (Heteroptera) der Sandberge bei Oberweiden im Marchfeld (Niederosterreich). Beitrage zur Entomofaunistik, 3, 141 - 174.","Speight, M. C. D. (2020) Species accounts of European Syrphidae, 2020. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera). Vol. 104. Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 314 pp."]}

In connection with the 10th International Symposium on Syrphidae in Lesbos, a pre- and post Symposium collecting expedition was held on the island of Samos, Greece in September 2019. In total 62 species were collected of which 19 are new species to the island of Samos. Moreover Ischiodon aegyptius and Paragus compeditus are new to Greece. The genera Eumerus and Merodon are well investigated in the SE Mediterranean area, and especially the Greek islands. The discovery of respectively five and two new species for Samos during this very short visit shows that with more effort many new species for the fauna of this island are to be expected.

Paragus majoranae Rondani, 1857 ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1857: 188 (key), 192 (description). TYPE LOCALITY: “ in agro parmensis ” [Parmese territory (Italy)]. TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, syntype (terminalia in a microvial pinned below specimen) (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / majoranae Rnd., ♂, Parm. / 338 / Lecto-Paratypus [incorrectly designated], Goeldlin design.; 1 ♂, syntype (terminalia in a microvial pinned below specimen) (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / majoranae Rnd., ♂, Parm. / 338 / P. bradescui det. Sommaggio; 1 ♂, syntype (terminalia in a microvial pinned below specimen) (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / majoranae Rnd., ♂, Parm. / 338 / Lecto-paratypus [incorrectly designated] / P. bradescui det. Sommaggio; 1 ♀, syntype (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / majoranae Rnd. / 338; 1 ♂, 1 ♀, syntypes (couple pinned together) (MZUF: Box B): Paragus Latr. majoranae R., 116, Parma / 393 116. CURRENT STATUS: valid species (Peck 1988: 81, Belcari et al. 1995a: 10, Sommaggio 2002: 55). REMARKS: Rondani (1857: 192) described both sexes of Paragus majoranae without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of length. Goeldlin de Tiefenau (1976: 96) incorrectly designated a lectotype (♂) from “Sicil [= Sicily]”, which is not the type locality and reported finding only two males at MZUF. We found six syntypes in this study: four males and two females. Sommaggio (2002) demonstrated that the name majoranae had been until then wrongly applied to the species now referred to as Paragus pecchiolii Rondani, 1857. Sommaggio (2002: 54) considered Paragus gorgus Vujić & Radenković, 1999 the same as “ Paragus majoranae” sensu Goeldlin de Tiefenau (1976: 96), which is exemplified by the specimen invalidly designated by him as lectotype. We leave any further lectotype designation to future specialists., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on pages 262-263, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Rondani, C. (1857) Dipterologiae italicae prodromus. Vol: II. Species italicae ordinis dipterorum in genera characteribus definita, ordinatim collectae, methodo analitica distinctae, et novis vel minus cognitis descriptis. Pars prima. Oestridae: Syrphfidae [sic!]: Conopidae. A. Stocchi, Parmae [= Parma], 264 pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8160","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 8. Syrphidae - Conopidae. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam & Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230.","Belcari, A., Daccordi, M., Kozanek, M., Munari, L., Raspi, A. & Rivosecchi, L. (1995 a) Diptera Platypezoidea, Syrphoidea. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. & La Posta, S. (Eds.), Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. 70. Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 25.","Sommaggio, D. (2002) Paragus gorgus Vujic & Radenkovic, 1999: a junior synonym of P. majoranae Rondani, 1857, and reinstatement of P. pecchiolii Rondani, 1857 (Diptera, Syrphidae). Volucella, 6, 53 - 56.","Goeldlin de Tiefenau, P. (1976) Revision du genre Paragus (Dipt. Syrphidae) de la region palearctique occidentale. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 49, 79 - 108."]}

Paragus tarsatus Rondani, 1857 ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1857: 188 (key), 191 (description). TYPE LOCALITY: “ Melitensem …, … Siculum [Malta Island …, … Sicily (Italy)]”. TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, lectotype (terminalia in a microvial pinned below specimen) (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / tarsatus Rnd., ♂, Pedem. [= Piedmont], Melita / 345 / [illegible label] / = P. majoranae Rondani, P. Goeldlin det., 1971 / Lectotypus Paragus Latr. tarsatus Rond., des. Sommaggio, 2002. PARALECTOTYPE NOT EXAMINED: 1 ♂ (terminalia in a microvial pinned below specimen) (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / tarsatus Rnd., ♂, Pedem. [= Piedmont], Melita / 345 / Paragus coadunatus det. D. Sommaggio / Syntypus. CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Paragus majoranae Rondani, 1857 (Peck 1988: 81, Belcari et al. 1995a: 10); junior synonym of Paragus pecchiolii Rondani, 1857 (Sommaggio 2002: 55). REMARKS: Rondani (1857: 191) described Paragus tarsatus from two males: “ Mares duo speciei accepi, unum … a D. Schembri, alterum … a Prof. Gemellaro [I received two males of the species, one from Mr. Schembri …, the other from Prof. Gemellaro]”. Sommaggio (2002: 55) designated a lectotype (♂), but did not mention the additional male in the MZUF (this additional specimen is a paralectotype)., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 263, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Rondani, C. (1857) Dipterologiae italicae prodromus. Vol: II. Species italicae ordinis dipterorum in genera characteribus definita, ordinatim collectae, methodo analitica distinctae, et novis vel minus cognitis descriptis. Pars prima. Oestridae: Syrphfidae [sic!]: Conopidae. A. Stocchi, Parmae [= Parma], 264 pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8160","Sommaggio, D. (2002) Paragus gorgus Vujic & Radenkovic, 1999: a junior synonym of P. majoranae Rondani, 1857, and reinstatement of P. pecchiolii Rondani, 1857 (Diptera, Syrphidae). Volucella, 6, 53 - 56.","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 8. Syrphidae - Conopidae. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam & Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230.","Belcari, A., Daccordi, M., Kozanek, M., Munari, L., Raspi, A. & Rivosecchi, L. (1995 a) Diptera Platypezoidea, Syrphoidea. In: Minelli, A., Ruffo, S. & La Posta, S. (Eds.), Checklist delle specie della fauna italiana. 70. Calderini, Bologna, pp. 1 - 25."]}

Paragus ebracatus Rondani, 1857 ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1857: 188 (key), 193 (description). TYPE LOCALITY: “ in planitie agri parmensis [Parmese plains (Italy)]”. TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♀, syntype (MZUF: Box 7): Paragus Latr. / ebracatus Rnd. / 342 / = P. cinctus Schiner & Egger, P. Goeldlin det., 1971. CURRENT STATUS: junior synonym of Paragus cinctus Schiner & Egger, 1853 (Peck 1988: 80). REMARKS: Rondani (1857: 193) described Paragus ebracatus from just the female sex, without specifying the exact number of specimens, but giving a single measurement of length: “ Foemina tantum legi [I collected only the female]”. We found one syntype in this study., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 262, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Rondani, C. (1857) Dipterologiae italicae prodromus. Vol: II. Species italicae ordinis dipterorum in genera characteribus definita, ordinatim collectae, methodo analitica distinctae, et novis vel minus cognitis descriptis. Pars prima. Oestridae: Syrphfidae [sic!]: Conopidae. A. Stocchi, Parmae [= Parma], 264 pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 8160","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Volume 8. Syrphidae - Conopidae. Elsevier Science Publishers, Amsterdam & Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230."]}

Microstylium vestitum Rondani, 1875 ORIGINAL DESCRIPTION: 1875c: 447. TYPE LOCALITY: “ Insula Bonae Fortunae (Borneo), Provincia Sarawak [Bona Fortuna Island, Sarawak Province, Borneo]” (Rondani 1875c: 421). TYPE MATERIAL: 1 ♂, holotype (MSNG): Borneo, Sarawak, 1865/1866, Coll. Doria / Typus / vestitum Rond. / Microstylium vestitum n° 46. CURRENT STATUS: valid species (Oldroyd 1975: 122). REMARKS: Rondani (1875c: 447) described Microstylium vestitum from just the male sex, without specifying the exact number of specimens and not giving a range of lengths, from material collected by G. Doria and O. Beccari. Guiglia (1957: 193) and Raineri & Rey (1996: 30) reported the holotype (♂) in the MSNG., Published as part of Sforzi, Alessandra & Sommaggio, Daniele, 2021, Catalog of the Diptera types described by Camillo Rondani, pp. 1-438 in Zootaxa 4989 (1) on page 59, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4989.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4980621, {"references":["Rondani, C. (1875 c) Muscaria exotica Musei Civici Januensis observata et distincta. Fragmentum III. Species in Insula Bonae Fortunae (Borneo), Provincia Sarawak, annis 1865 - 68, lectae a March. J. Doria et Doct. O. Beccari. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova, 7, 421 - 464.","Oldroyd, H. (1975) Family Asilidae. In: Delfinado, M. D. & Hardy, D. E. (Eds.), A catalog of the Diptera of the Oriental Region. Volume II. Suborder Brachycera through Division Aschiza, Suborder Cyclorrhapha. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, pp. 99 - 156.","Guiglia, D. (1957) I tipi di ditteri di Camillo Rondani e di altri autori appartenenti alle collezioni del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Genov a, 69, 193 - 207.","Raineri, V. & Rey, A. (1996). Elenco di tipi di ditteri conservati nel Museo Civico di Storia Naturale \" G. Doria \" di Genova. Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale \" Giacomo Doria \", 91, 27 - 64."]}

Syrphidae, more commonly known as flower flies, are considered one of the most important Diptera families worldwide because of their critical role in pollination, biological control and decomposition of organic matter. The study of these flies in Chile has stagnated due to a lack of local experts as well as the absence of an updated catalog of species. This study is an attempt to remedy the latter of these issues by providing an illustrated and updated catalog to the Syrphidae of Chile. Species are presented under currently accepted names, with synonyms and previous combinations listed and original references. Type localities, world and Chilean distribution by geopolitical Chilean regions, taxonomic and biological notes, a complete record of bibliographic references and extinction risk under IUCN Red List criteria are provided. This catalog recognizes 132 species of Syrphidae, belonging to four subfamilies (Eristalinae, Microdontinae, Pipizinae and Syrphinae), 13 tribes and 47 genera. A total of 46 species (34.84 %) is restricted to the geopolitical territory of Chile. Eight species are considered exotic, one is considered incertae sedis and three are based on doubtful records. Seventeen species of 10 different genera (Copestylum Macquart, 1846; Dolichogyna Macquart, 1842; Eosalpingogaster Hull, 1949b; Eupeodes Osten Sacken, 1877; Meromacrus Rondani, 1848; Palpada Macquart, 1834; Paragus Latreille, 1804; Sphiximorpha Rondani, 1850; Sterphus Philippi, 1865 and Toxomerus Macquart, 1855) are reported from Chile for the first time. A total of 44 species (33.33 %) reported from Chile are directly threatened by human activities such as agriculture, forestry, mining and/or urbanization and indirectly by climate change. The gaps found in the geographic distribution of Chilean flower fly species and what it means for its use by disciplines such as ecology, floral biology and agronomy, are discussed. In addition, the use of this illustrated catalog for biological conservation, the potential definition of priority areas and ecosystem management plans based on this group of Diptera are also discussed.

Paragus (Paragus) angustistylus Vockeroth, 1986 Paragus (Paragus) angustistylus Vockeroth, 1986: 190 Type locality and data. “ Ontario, Lanarck, Canadá ” (HT, ♂, CNC). Material examined. Los Lagos: (sex undeterminated) Maicolpué, 22.XII.1993, Leg. G. & M. Wood (CNC). References. Vockeroth, 1986: 190 (desc.). World distribution. Canadá, USA and Chile. Chilean distribution. Only known from Los Lagos region (Fig. 164). Altitudinal range. The locality where this species was registered is near the coast. Biology and notes. Probably an introduced species. The genus Paragus occurs throughout all continents. In the New World, seven species have been recorded from Yukon to Central America. This is the first record of this tribe and genus in southern South America. We do not know the flowers that this species visits, the prey they consume in their larval stages, or the basic aspects of its biology and ecology. Conservation status. Not evaluated because this species is considered exotic., Published as part of Barahona-Segovia, Rodrigo M., Riera, Pamela, Pañinao-Monsálvez, Laura, Guzmán, Vicente Valdés & Henríquez-Piskulich, Patricia, 2021, Updating the knowledge of the flower flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Chile: Illustrated catalog, extinction risk and biological notes, pp. 1-178 in Zootaxa 4959 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4959.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4693464, {"references":["Vockeroth, J. R. (1986) Nomenclatural notes on Nearctic Eupeodes (including Metasyrphus) and Dasysyrphus (Diptera: Syrphidae). The Canadian Entomologist, 118, 199 - 204. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 118199 - 3"]}

Paragus bicolor (Fabricius, 1794) Material examined: 1 female; 28.7- 4.8.1989. – 1 female; 1- 6.6.1990. Guild: Zoophagous (larva undescribed)., Published as part of Lorenzo, Daniel, Ricarte, Antonio, Nedeljković, Zorica, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis & Marcos-García, Maria Ángeles, 2020, Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of El Ventorrillo Biological Station, Madrid province, Spain: a perspective from a late twentieth century inventory, pp. 393-412 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 127 (2) on page 399, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0029, http://zenodo.org/record/5743912, {"references":["Fabricius J. C. 1794. Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. C. G. Proft, Hafniae [= Copenhagen], Vol. 4, [6] + 472 + [5] pp."]}

Paragus pecchiolii Rondani, 1857 (New to Madrid) Material examined: 1 male; 14- 21.7.1989. Guild: Zoophagous., Published as part of Lorenzo, Daniel, Ricarte, Antonio, Nedeljković, Zorica, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis & Marcos-García, Maria Ángeles, 2020, Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of El Ventorrillo Biological Station, Madrid province, Spain: a perspective from a late twentieth century inventory, pp. 393-412 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 127 (2) on page 399, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0029, http://zenodo.org/record/5743912, {"references":["Rondani C. 1857. Dipterologiae italicae prodromus. Vol: II. Species italicae ordinis dipterorum in genera characteribus definita, ordinatim collectae, methodo analitica distinctae, et novis vel minus cognitis descriptis. Pars prima. Oestridae: Syrpfhidae: Conopidae. A. Stocchi, Parmae [= Parma], 264 pp."]}

Paragus strigatus Meigen, 1822 Material examined: 1 female; 9- 16.6.1989. Guild: Zoophagous (larva undescribed)., Published as part of Lorenzo, Daniel, Ricarte, Antonio, Nedeljković, Zorica, Nieves-Aldrey, José Luis & Marcos-García, Maria Ángeles, 2020, Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of El Ventorrillo Biological Station, Madrid province, Spain: a perspective from a late twentieth century inventory, pp. 393-412 in Revue suisse de Zoologie 127 (2) on page 399, DOI: 10.35929/RSZ.0029, http://zenodo.org/record/5743912, {"references":["Meigen J. W. 1822. Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil. Schulz- Wundermann, Hamm. x + 416 pp., pls 22 - 32."]}

Paragus (Afroparagus) borbonicus Macquart, 1842 (Figs 50–51) Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842: 166 (106) Examined specimens. 1♀, Asir, Karatha, Al-Ethrebany fruit farm, 10.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This species is the first record from Saudi Arabia and the Arabian Peninsula. It was described from Mauritius and Réunion and is widespread throughout the Afrotropical Region including Ghana, Madagascar, Sierra Leone, and Säo Tomé and Principe (Smith &Vockeroth 1980; Kaufmann 1973; Dirickx 1998; Whittington 2003). Remarks. Macquart (1842) described P. borbonicus. Smith & Vockeroth (1980) listed it under P. (Paragus) borbonicus. Following Vujić et al. (2008) P. (Paragus) borbonicus was therefore put under P. (Afroparagus) borbonicus . Our material of P. borbonicus agrees with the description of Vujić et al. (2008: 514) of the subgenus Afroparagus Vujić & Radenkovié. Kaufmann (1973) studied the biology of P. borbonicus and reported it as a predator which plays an important role as a controlling agent of the black citrus aphid, Toxoptera aurantii (Fonsco.) (Homoptera: Aphididae) that damages the flush leaves of cacao, Theobroma cacao L. in Ghana. He also described the immature stages., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Macquart, J. (1842) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. 4. M e moires de la Societe des Science, de I'Agriculture et des Arts a- Lille, 4, 1841 (1), 65 - 200.","Smith, K. G. V. & Vockeroth, J. R. (1980) 38. Family Syrphidae. In: Crosskey R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afro- tropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 488 - 510.","Kaufmann, T. (1973) Bilogy of Paragus borbonicus (Diptera: Syrphidae) as predator of Toxoptera aurantii (Homoptera: Aphididae) attacking cocoa in Ghana. American Midland Naturalist, 90, 252 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 2424293","Dirickx, H. G. (1998) Catalogue synonymique et geographique des Syrphidae (Diptera) de la region afrotropicale. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, 187 pp.","Whittington, A. E. (2003) The Afrotropical Syrphidae fauna: an assessment. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2), 579 - 607."]}

Paragus (Pandasyophthalmus) abrogans Goeldlin de Tiefenau, 1971 (Figs 45–46) Paragus (Pandasyophthalmus) abrogans Goeldlin de Tiefenau, 1971: 272–278 Examined specimens. 1♂, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha Farm Centre), 19.vi–9.vi.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1♂, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Menhel, 24.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1♂, same locality but 13.v–3.vi.2015 (CERS); 1♂, Asir, Abha, Madenate Al-Ameer Sultan, Hay Al-Sad, 1–20.xi.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1♂, Abha, Al-Souda, Bani Mazen, 10.vi.-9.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This is the first record from Saudi Arabia. It was described from Iran (Polur) and is further recorded from Greece, Iran, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkey, Turkmenistan and Uzbeckistan (Speight 2020). Remarks. The biology of P. (Pandasyophthalmus) abrogans is unknown. This species was erroneously synonymized with P. rufocinctus (Brunetti) by Thompson & Ghorpadé (1992). Claussen & Weipert (2004) provided the most comprehensive and reliable key separating this species from other European Paragus (e.g. Pandasyophthalmus species). Vujic et al. (1998) and Claussen & Weipert (2004) provided figures of the male terminalia of P. abrogans and P. rufocinctus, which clearly separated the two species. Also Speight (2020) disagreed with Peck (1988) who considered P. abrogans as a synonym of P. albipes Grimmerthal (described from Estonia and Latvia and not subsequently cited elsewhere), as this synonymy had no explanation or justification. In consequence Speight (2020) considered P. (Pandasyophthalmus) abrogans to be a distinct species and not a junior synonym of P. albipes as suggested by Peck (1988)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on pages 40-42, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Goeldlin de Tiefenau, P. (1971) Quatre species nouvelles de Paragus (Diptera: Syrphidae) de la region palearctique occidentale. Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft, 43, 272 - 278.","Speight, M. C. D. (2020) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera), 2020. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera). Vol. 104. Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 313 pp.","Thompson, F. C. & Ghorpade, K. (1992) A new coffee aphid predator, with notes on other Oriental species of Paragus (Diptera: Syrphidae). Colemania, 5, 1 - 24.","Claussen, C. & Weipert, J. (2004) Notes on the subgenus Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) (Diptera: Syrphidae) from Nepal, with the description of a new species. Volucella, 7, 75 - 88.","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Syrphidae- Conopidae. Vol. 8. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230."]}

Paragus (Serratoparagus) pusillus Stuckenberg, 1954b (Fig. 54) Paragus pusillus Stuckenberg, 1954b: 401 Examined specimens. 1♀, Jazan, Abu-Aresh, Al-Mahdag Villiage, 1.ii–3.iv.2011, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 2♂, same locality but 21–24.ii.2013 (CERS); 1♀, same locality but 1.ii–3.iv.2011 (CERS); 1♂, Asir, Abha, Hay Al-Nusub (Abha Farm Centre), 3.vi.2001, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah & M.A. Abdullah (CERS); 2♂, Jazan, Fifa, Al-Tatweer Centre, 10-31.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1♂, same locality but 6.v.2014 (CERS). Distribution. This is the first record from Saudi Arabia. It was described from Zimbabwe (as “ Rhodesia ”) and further recorded from Namibia, United Arab Emirates and Yemen (Smith & Vockeroth 1980; Whittington 2003; Smit et al. 2017). Remarks. Stuckenberg (1954b) described Paragus pusillus. Stuckenberg (1954a) established the subgenus Pandasyopthalmu s in addition to the subgenus Paragus Latreille. Smith & Vockeroth (1980) listed it under P. (Paragus) pusillus. Following Vujić et al. (2008) P. (Paragus) pusillus was therefore put under P. (Serratoparagus) pusillus . Genus Phytomia Guérin-Méneville There are approximately 26 species of Phytomia worldwide of which 19 species are found in the Afrotropical region (De Meyer et al. 2020). De Meyer et al. (2020) has published a taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical species of Phytomia with an identification key and has investigated their interrelationships based on morphological and DNA data. Dirickx (1998) and Whittington (2003) listed 18 species of Phytomia found in the Afrotropical region. De Meyer et al. (2020) have synonymised three species listed by Dirickx (1998) and Whittington (2003) namely: P. neavei Bezzi is considered a junior synonym of P. kroeberi (Bezzi), P. noctilio Speiser a junior synonym of P. pubipennis Bezzi and P. ephippium Bezi a junior synonym of P. melas (Bezzi). They described three new species: P. austeni sp.n., P. memnon sp.n. and P. pallida sp.n. They also validated P. curta (Loew) and differentiated if from P. natalensis (Macquart). Therefore, the total number of Phytomia in the Afrotropical region is 19. The larvae of some species of Phytomia have a semiaquatic saprophagous life cycle and therefre, can be found in a wide range of habitats including bodies of water. Some species of Phytomia are observed to play an important role as pollinators (Njorege et al. 2004)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on pages 47-48, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 b) The Paragus serratus complex, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Transaction of the Royal Society of London, 105 (17), 393 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1954. tb 00770. x","Smith, K. G. V. & Vockeroth, J. R. (1980) 38. Family Syrphidae. In: Crosskey R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afro- tropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 488 - 510.","Whittington, A. E. (2003) The Afrotropical Syrphidae fauna: an assessment. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2), 579 - 607.","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612.","Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 a) Studies on Paragus, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Revue de Zoologieet de Botanique Africaines, 49 (1 - 2), 97 - 139.","De Meyer, M., Georg, G. & Jordaens, K. (2020) Taxonomic revision of the Afrotropical Phytomia Guerin-Meneville (Diptera: Syrphidae). Zootaxa, 4803 (2), 201 - 250. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4803.2.1","Dirickx, H. G. (1998) Catalogue synonymique et geographique des Syrphidae (Diptera) de la region afrotropicale. Museum d'Histoire Naturelle, Geneve, 187 pp."]}

Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) longiventris Loew, 1858 (Fig. 53) Paragus longiventris Loew, 1858: 376 Examined specimens. 1♀, Jazan, Abu Aresh, Al-Mahdage village, 1–13.xii.2012, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 1♂, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany fruit farm 15.v.–2.vi.2006, Malaise trap, H.A. Abdullah & H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 1♂, Asir, Abha Farm Hay Al-Nusub (Abha Farm Centre), 3.iii.–3.vi.2001, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah & M.A. Abdullah (NMWC); 1♂, Asir, Abha, Hey Al-Menhel, 24.vii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); 1♂, same locality but 13.v.–3.vi.2015 (CERS); 3♀, Najran, Al-Shurfa, 13.iii.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS). Distribution. This species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Abu-Zoherah et al. (1993). It was described from South Africa. It is widespread in the Afrotropical Region (including, Madagascar, Sào Tomé, South Yemen) (Smith & Vockeroth 1980; Whittington 2003; Smit et al. 2017); Oriental Region: India; Palaearctic Region: Afghanistan (Ghorpadé 2014)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on page 47, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Loew, H. (1858) Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera. [part]. Ofversigt af Kongl. Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlinger. Stockholm, 14 (1857), 337 - 383.","Abu-Zoherah, R., Al-Taher, K. & Tilkian, S. (1993) List of Insects Recorded from Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture and Water, National Agriculture and Water Research Center, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Academic Publishing & Press, Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh, 394 pp.","Smith, K. G. V. & Vockeroth, J. R. (1980) 38. Family Syrphidae. In: Crosskey R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afro- tropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 488 - 510.","Whittington, A. E. (2003) The Afrotropical Syrphidae fauna: an assessment. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2), 579 - 607.","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612.","Ghorpade, K. (2014) An updated Check-list of the Hover-flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) recorded in the Indian subcontinent. Colemania, 44, 1 - 30."]}

Paragus (Paragus) compeditus Wiedemann, 1830 (Fig. 52) Paragus compeditus Wiedemann, 1830: 89. Examined specimens. 1♀, Asir, Keratha, Al-Ethrebany fruit farm, 1–25.v.2013, Malaise trap, H.A. Abdullah & H.A. Dawah (NMWC); 5♂, 1♀, Al-Riyadh, Wadi Al-Dawaseer, Al-Joba village, 1.iii–30.iv.2005, H.A.Dawah, Malaise trap (CERS); 3♀, Al-Riyadh, Al Aziziyah, 3.xi.1982, sweeping A. Talhouk & S.Tilkian (KSMA); 6♀, Al-Riyadh, Al Kharj, 80km. S. Al-Riyadh, 8.iii.1982, sweeping, A. Talhouk & S. Tilkian (KSMA). Distribution. The species was previously recorded from Saudi Arabia by Walker & Pittaway (1987); El-Hawagry et al. (2018); El-Hawagry et al. (2019). It was described from Ethiopia and has also been recorded from the Palaearctic Region: Afghanistan, N. China, Cyprus, Egypt, Iran, Italy, Kazakstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Tunisia, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan: Afrotropical Region; Mascarene Islands, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and UAE (Peck 1988; Dirickx 1994; Whittington 2003; Naderloo et al. 2011; Khosravian et al. 2015; Smit et al. 2017; Speight 2020). Remarks. This species flies among vegetation in areas of high humidity (Speight 2020)., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on pages 44-46, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) s. n. Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten [concl.]. Hamm, 2, i-xii + 1 - 684.","Macquart, J. (1842) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. 4. M e moires de la Societe des Science, de I'Agriculture et des Arts a- Lille, 4, 1841 (1), 65 - 200.","Walker, D. H. & Pittaway, A. R. (1987) Insects of Eastern Arabia. Textbook. published by Macmillan Publishers Ltd., London, 175 pp.","El-Hawagry, M. S., Abdel-Dayem, M. S. & Al Dhafer, H. M. (2018) A contribution to the knowledge of fly fauna in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: new country records and an account of flies identified from Rawdhats, Riyadh Region, with biogeographical remarks (Insecta: Diptera). Journal of Natural History, 52 (21 - 22), 1377 - 1393. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2018.1456575","El-Hawagry, M. S., Al Dhafer, H. M. & Abdel-Dayem, M. S. (2019) On the fly fauna of the central region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: new country records from Riyadh region, with a list of associated fly species and zoogeographical remarks (Insecta: Diptera). Journal of Natural History, 53 (1 - 2), 17 - 43. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2019.1568601","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Syrphidae- Conopidae. Vol. 8. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230.","Dirickx, H. G. (1994) Atlas des dipteres syrphides de la region mediterraneenne. I'nstitut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, 317 pp.","Whittington, A. E. (2003) The Afrotropical Syrphidae fauna: an assessment. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2), 579 - 607.","Naderloo, M., Pashaei, S. & Taghaddosi, M. V. (2011) Faunistic study on hover flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) in the eastern part of Zanjan province, Iran. Journal of Entomological Research, 4 (4), 313 - 323.","Khosravian, Z., Sadeghi, H. & Ssymank, A. (2015) Hover-flies (Diptera: Syrphidae) of Kerman Province, Iran. Far Eastern Entomologist, 290, 1 - 12.","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612.","Speight, M. C. D. (2020) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera), 2020. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera). Vol. 104. Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 313 pp."]}

Paragus (Serratoparagus) azureus Hull, 1949 (ssp. scrupeus Stuckenberg, 1954a: 406) (Fig. 47) Paragus azureus Hull, 1949: 729 Paragus (Paragus) azurea Stuckenberg, 1954b: 406. (Misspelling). Examined specimens. 1♀, Jazan, Abu-Aresh, Mohammed Bakreen Farm, 28.i.1983, K.Guichard (KSMA). Distribution. This species was previously recorded for Saudi Arabia by Abu-Zoherah et al. (1993). It was described from Socotra and is further recorded from Aden, Armenia, Egypt, Israel, Zimbabwe (Rhodesia) and Mozambique and Turkey (as P. azureus ssp. scrupens Stuckenberg), UAE and eastern parts of the Afrotropical region (Smith & Vockeroth 1980; Peck 1988; Dirickx 1994; Whittington 2003; Speight 2020; Smit et al. 2017). Remarks. This species was described as, Paragus azureus Hull, 1949. Stuckenberg (1954a) established the subgenus Pandasyopthalmu s in addition to the subgenus Paragus Latreille. Smith & Vockeroth (1980) listed it under P. (Paragus) azureus. After Vujić et al. (2008) established the two subgenera Serratoparagus and Afroparagus, P. (Paragus) azureus was therefore put under P. (Serratoparagus) azureus ., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on pages 42-44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Hull, F. M. (1949) Studies upon Diptera in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 2 (12), 727 - 746. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908654020","Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 a) Studies on Paragus, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Revue de Zoologieet de Botanique Africaines, 49 (1 - 2), 97 - 139.","Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 b) The Paragus serratus complex, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Transaction of the Royal Society of London, 105 (17), 393 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1954. tb 00770. x","Abu-Zoherah, R., Al-Taher, K. & Tilkian, S. (1993) List of Insects Recorded from Saudi Arabia. Ministry of Agriculture and Water, National Agriculture and Water Research Center, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Riyadh, Academic Publishing & Press, Ministry of Agriculture and Water, Riyadh, 394 pp.","Smith, K. G. V. & Vockeroth, J. R. (1980) 38. Family Syrphidae. In: Crosskey R. W. (Ed.), Catalogue of the Diptera of the Afro- tropical Region. British Museum (Natural History), London, pp. 488 - 510.","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Syrphidae- Conopidae. Vol. 8. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230.","Dirickx, H. G. (1994) Atlas des dipteres syrphides de la region mediterraneenne. I'nstitut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique, Bruxelles, 317 pp.","Whittington, A. E. (2003) The Afrotropical Syrphidae fauna: an assessment. Studia dipterologica, 10 (2), 579 - 607.","Speight, M. C. D. (2020) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera), 2020. Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae (Diptera). Vol. 104. Syrph the Net publications, Dublin, 313 pp.","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612.","Smit, J. T. & Gutierrez-Chacon, C. (2008) A new species of the Paragus serratus - group from Yemen. Zoologische Mededelingen, 82 (20), 211 - 216."]}

Paragus (Serratoparagus) binominalis Smit & Gutiérrez-Chacón, 2008 (Figs 48–49) Paragus binominalis Smit and Gutiérrez-Chacón, 2008: 212 Examined specimens. 1♀, Jazan, Fifa, Al-Tatweer Centre, 26.i–16.ii.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS); Asir, 1♀, Keratha, El-Ethrebany farm 1–25.v.2013, H.A. Dawah, Malaise trap (CERS); 1♀, Jazan, Harob, Wadi Lejab, 1–18.i.2016, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (CERS) Distribution. This is the first record from Saudi Arabia. This species was described from Yemen and is only known from the type series (Smit et al. 2017). Remarks. This species was described by Smit & Gutiérrez-Chacón, (2008) as P. binominalis. Smit et al. (2017) listed it under P. (Paragus) binominalis. Following Vujić et al. (2008) P. (Paragus) binominalis was therefore put under P. (Serratoparagus) binominalis ., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on page 44, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Smit, J. T. & Gutierrez-Chacon, C. (2008) A new species of the Paragus serratus - group from Yemen. Zoologische Mededelingen, 82 (20), 211 - 216.","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612."]}

Paragus (Pandasyophthalmus) cf. naso Stuckenberg, 1954a (Figs 70–71) Paragus naso Stuckenberg, 1954a: 128. Examined specimens. 1♂, Najran, Alshurfa, 20.i.2014, Malaise trap, H.A. Dawah (NMWC). Distribution. The taxon was described from Kenya and is further recorded from Tanzania. Remarks. Smit et al. (2017) examined both sexes including the dissected male genitalia of material originating from Yemen, which was closely related to P. naso and compared them with the original description of P. naso, but they concluded that none of the specimens fit the original description perfectly. They took into account a further similar species, P. nasutus Bezzi from Tanzania and Ethiopia (including Eritrea), of which the description is inadequate for recognition and of which they could not examine types. Therefore, they recorded the species they had as ‘cf. naso’. Of the Najran male we therefore compared its terminalia with that of Stuckenberg’s 1954a:129, fig. 34 of the terminalia in profile. The metric comparison made is the measurement of Stuckenberg’s figure using a millimetre ruler as against the measurement of the Najran specimen using an eyepiece graticule. The principle difference lies in the surstylus, which in the Najran specimen has a right-angled truncate apex, whereas in Stuckenberg’s figure it is an obliquely roundedly truncate, resembling a beak. Also the length of the surstylus as against the length of the epandrium in the Najran specimen is in a ratio of 9:15, whereas in Stuckenberg’s figure it is 21:22. In the Najran specimen the fine setulae on the sternites are yellow (not mentioned in the original description). Perhaps these differences are due to morphologically different populations from different geographical regions. Stuckenberg 1954a:108, figs 10–13 depicts a more profoundly different structure in the male genitalia of P. longiventris, which is a widely-distributed and often common species found throughout sub-Saharan Africa and also reported from Yemen., Published as part of Dawah, Hassan A., Abdullah, Mohammed A., Ahmad, Syed Kamran, Al-Dhafer, Hathal & Turner, James, 2020, An overview of the Syrphidae (Diptera) of Saudi Arabia, pp. 1-69 in Zootaxa 4855 (1) on pages 58-60, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4855.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/4411181, {"references":["Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 a) Studies on Paragus, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Revue de Zoologieet de Botanique Africaines, 49 (1 - 2), 97 - 139.","Smit, J. T., van Harten, A. & Ketelaar, R. (2017) Order Diptera, family Syrphidae the hoverflies of the Arabian Peninsula. In: van Harten, A. (Eds.), Arthropod fauna of the UAE. Vol. 6. Department of the President's Affairs, Abu Dhabi, pp. 572 - 612."]}

Despite the species richness of hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) world-wide (about 6,200 species) and their role as agents for controlling plant pests, their significance as pollinators, and as bioindicators of site quality, hoverfly fauna of Saudi Arabia is poorly known. In exploring the biodiversity of Diptera in southwest Saudi Arabia a survey of the hoverfly fauna of Jazan, Asir, Najran and Al-Baha was performed mainly using Malaise traps, sweep nets and light traps from 2011 to 2014. Forty known species of Syrphidae were identified and recorded in this study, 19 of them new to Saudi Arabia. This makes the total number of Syrphidae species recorded in Saudi Arabia (including one species recorded by others) is 41. In addition, three taxa belonging to the genera Eumerus Meigen, Orthonevra Macquart, and Paragus Latreille that could not be identified safely to species level because there were no adequate identification keys or males were missing in the collected material. A key to the genera of Syrphidae occurring in Saudi Arabia is provided. The fauna of Syrphidae recorded in this study consists much more of Afrotropical zoogeographical elements than Palaearctic ones. A complete checklist of Syrphidae of Saudi Arabia is provided. Biological data, where known, and world-wide distribution of the studied taxa are provided. This paper is published with the purpose of assisting biogeographical, biological or ecological studies on syrphids in Saudi Arabia.

Subgenus Paragus Latreille Diagnosis. Eyes with two dorso-ventral vittae of whitish pile, as on Figs 7 A–B. Scutellum without conspicuous teeth on posterior margin. Only terga 1 and 2 completely fused., Published as part of Radenković, Snežana, Likov, Laura, Ståhls, Gunilla, Rojo, Santos, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste, Smit, John, Petanidou, Theodora, Steenis, Wouter Van & Vujić, Ante, 2020, Three new hoverfly species from Greece (Diptera: Syrphidae), pp. 103-124 in Zootaxa 4830 (1) on page 111, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4830.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4402960

Paragus thracusi Radenković, Likov et Vujić sp. n. ZooBank link: urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2DCF31FB-8425-41D2-8725-22FF35B4EE4A Figs 7, 8 Type material. HOLOTYPE: Greece, ♂, pinned, in NBCN. Original label: “Hellas, Thraki, Rodopi, Porto Lagos SE, 1.v.2000, leg. W. van Steenis, E. S. Bakker ”. Diagnosis. Paragus thracusi sp. n. is by habitus most similar to P. oltenicus Stćnescu, but easily distinguishable by the following characters: mesonotum of P. thracusi sp. n. covered with longer erect whitish-yellow pile in contrast to short yellow adpressed pile in P. oltenicus; microtrichose maculae at the end of transverse suture present in P. thracusi sp. n., but lack in P. oltenicus; punctuation of mesonotum scarce in P. thracusi sp. n., but dense in P. oltenicus; femora dark-brown/black basally in P. thracusi sp. n., while orange-yellow in P. oltenicus; tergum 1 black in P. thracusi sp. n., and medially reddish in P.oltenicus; microtrichose fasciae on terga 2–4 distinct in P. thracusi sp. n., but absent or scarce in P. oltenicus; microtrichia on terga completely whitish-yellow, while in P. oltenicus partly black; black transversal maculae on terga 2–4 lack in P. thracusi sp. n., but usually present in P. oltenicus. Based on the male genitalia P. thracusi sp. n. is immediately recognizable by the characters of hypandrium: pointed, hood shaped paramere and cliff shaped lingula. Description. MALE. Head (Figs 7 A–B). Face cream-yellow, with a faint brown macula on facial tubercle; ventral margin of face dark-brown/black, except the light-yellow frontal part; face and frons covered with only whitish pile; antennae long, basoflagellomere elongated and pointed, about 1.5 times as long as scape and pedicel together; arista 0.7 times the length of basoflagellomere; antennae predominantly brown, except orange basal 2/3 of basoflagellomere ventrally and pedicel ventrally; arista light-brown basally and dark-brown apically; eye contiguity 0.75 times the length of ocellar triangle; eyes with two clearly visible vittae of white pile, typical of the nominal subgenus; vertical triangle covered with grayish microtrichia in front of frontal ocellus, covered with light-yellow pile; occiput whitish microtrichose and with light-yellow pile, and with silver pile in lower parts, turning yellowish in upper parts. Thorax. Scutum black with paler anterior and posterior end of postalar callus, shiny, except two longitudinal submedian whitish microtrichose vittae ending at the level of transverse suture, and with two whitish microtrichose maculae at the end of transverse suture; mesonotum with scarce punctuation, and covered with longer erect whitish-yellow pile; metathoracic pleuron whitish microtrichose and pilose, except for the anteroventral part of posterior anepisternum and anepimeron, which are shining black; scutellum black in anterior half, orange-yellow in posterior half, without conspicuous teeth on posterior margin; wings hyaline, covered with microtrichia, except for basal cells, which are nearly entirely bare; halters light-brown, with a yellow knob; legs two colored, covered with whitish-yellow pile; femora dark-brown, black at base (pro- and mesofemora in basal 1/3, and metafemur in basal 2/3, except for tiny area near to the base yellow), and light-yellow apically; tibiae light-yellow in basal half, and dark-yellow in apical half, metatibia with brown submedian ring; tarsi orange-yellow (borders between tarsomeres black), basotarsomere of metatarsus little darker dorsally; claws yellow in basal half and black in the apical half. Abdomen (Fig. 7C). Abdomen predominantly red-brown, covered with whitish-yellow pile and with three pairs of whitish-yellow microtrichose fasciae on terga 2–4; tergum 1 brown-black, more or less fused with tergum 2 that is dark-brown anteriorly to the microtrichose fasciae and laterally, while red-brown posteriorly; terga 3 and 4 predominantly red-brown, except dark-brown longitudinal areas near the lateral margins and on medial parts; tergum 5 red-brown; sterna translucent orange-brown (sternum 1 darker), covered with erect whitish pile; pregenital segment white microtrichose and pilose. Male genitalia (Fig. 8). Hypandrium in lateral view wide (Fig. 8A) with clearly developed lingula cliff shaped (Fig. 8A: l); lateral lobe of aedeagus (= inferior claspers) well developed, almost quadrilateral in lateral view (Fig. 8A: la); paramere (= superior claspers) pointed, hood shaped (Fig. 8 A–B: p); ejaculatory apodeme pendulum like (Fig. 8C); epandrium in lateral view narrow, with narrow, not prominent cercus (Fig. 8E); surstylus (= styles) a little shorter than theca of epandrium (Fig. 8E: sst), curved and tapering in dorsal view (Fig. 8D: sst). FEMALE. Unknown. Etymology. The species is named after the type locality, in the North-Eastern part of Greece that belongs to the Thrace (Greek word: Θράκη), geographical and historical area in southeast Europe. Distribution. Only known from Rhodope Mountains in Greece (Fig. 6)., Published as part of Radenković, Snežana, Likov, Laura, Ståhls, Gunilla, Rojo, Santos, Pérez-Bañón, Celeste, Smit, John, Petanidou, Theodora, Steenis, Wouter Van & Vujić, Ante, 2020, Three new hoverfly species from Greece (Diptera: Syrphidae), pp. 103-124 in Zootaxa 4830 (1) on pages 111-114, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4830.1.4, http://zenodo.org/record/4402960

An ongoing investigation on the Greek hoverfly fauna using adult morphology has revealed new species within three genera. In this study, the knowledge of the Mediterranean hoverfly fauna has been enhanced by describing the following species: Cheilosia candida Vujić et Radenković sp. n. (Pindos Mountains), Paragus thracusi Radenković, Likov et Vujić sp. n. (Rhodope Mountains) and Psilota aegeae Vujić, Ståhls et Smit sp. n. (Lesvos island). Diagnosis of new species, as well as identification keys to the Mediterranean species of the subgenus Convocheila Barkalov of Cheilosia Meigen and the European species of the genus Psilota Meigen have been provided. Additionally, mtDNA COI barcodes for the members of the Psilota atra group (except Psilota nana Smit et Vujić) have been given. In addition, the taxonomic status of Psilota anthracina Meigen has been discussed. This research was co-financed by the European Union (European Social Fund—ESF) and Greek national funds through the Operational Program “Education and Lifelong Learning” of the National Strategic Reference Framework THALES: POL-AEGIS (MIS 376737). Partial support was also provided by the Serbian Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development (grant no. 451–03–68/2020–14/200358 and 451–03–68/2020–14/200125).

Paragus quadrifasciatus Meigen, 1822 P. quadrifasciatus est rare en Suisse (Maibach et al. 1992). Les trois individus ont été capturés sur une toiture à Grand-Saconnex et à Onex, toitures les plus vertes dans notre échantillon. L’espèce est fortement associée aux milieux xérothermophiles des prairies faiblement végétalisées mais également des jardins suburbains. L’espèce butine sur des ombellifères et autres fleurs à corolle jaune. Les deux toitures où les individus ont été capturés sont majoritairement composés de Crassulacées (Sedum spp.) et d’Astéracées à fleurs jaunes (Picris hieracioides L. et Sonchus oleraceus L.), expliquant la présence de l’espèce sur les toitures végétalisées. Elle est plurivoltine, sa période de vol s’étend de juin à septembre et elle a été capturée en milieu de période de vol (19.7.–21.8.). Les larves de P. quadrifasciatus sont zoophages et se développent dans ou sur les tissus végétaux ou dans la litière herbacée. Un seul individu a été capturé dans les pièges à émergence. Il s’agissait d’un individu ténéral (chitine encore pâle) ce qui permet de supposer qu’il a bien effectué son développement dans le substrat de la toiture. L’effort d’échantillonnage par piège à émergence devrait être poursuivi, de manière à montrer que les larves peuvent trouver des ressources alimentaires en suffisance sur les toitures végétalisées pour leur développement., Published as part of Passaseo, Aurelia, Bénon, Dimitri, Rochefort, Sophie, Speight, Martin & Castella, Emmanuel, 2020, Abeilles sauvages et syrphes associés à des toitures végétalisées urbaines du canton de Genève, pp. 19-30 in Entomo Helvetica 13 on page 28, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985880, http://zenodo.org/record/8087626, {"references":["Maibach A., Goeldlin de Tiefenau P. & Dirickx H. G. 1992. Liste faunistique des Syrphidae de Suisse (Diptera). Miscellanea Faunistica Helvetiae 1. Centre suisse de cartographie de la faune, Neuchatel, 51 pp."]}

Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) megacercus Tot, Vujić et Radenković sp. nov. Figs 5, 6, 7B urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: F73D88A0-75CA-4008-AA8A-4C078BB4B144 Type material. HOLOTYPE: Republic of South Africa, ♂, pinned. Original label: ��� RSA, Kwazulu���Natal Province, Drakensberg Mountain, Gardens Castle, 29��44���51.039���S, 29��12���28.944���E, 1900 m a.s.l., 12.ii.2016, leg. Vujić (ZA2_095, FSUNS)���. Diagnosis. Eyes uniformly pilose (typical of subgenus Pandasyopthalmus), covered with dense white pile as long as diameter of posterior ocellus and narrowly separated by a length of three ommatidia (Fig. 7B). Face with less pronounced tubercle. Spurious vein ends before the meeting point of vein M and the discal cross-vein (Fig. 5B). Tarsi dorsally black, except for yellow meso- and metabasotarsomere, ventrally yellow except for fifth tarsomere (Fig. 5A). Abdomen elongated, about 3 times longer than wide. Tergum 2 with long white pile at lateral margins. Sterna shiny black, covered with long white wavy-tipped pile. In male terminalia, the cerci are enlarged, 5.9 times longer than the narrowest medial part of the epandrium in dorsal view, covered with a short dense and yellow pubescence and very long wavy-tipped yellow pile (Figs 6 A���B). Surstylus small, tapering towards the apex (Fig. 6A). Paramere relatively small, dorsal and ventral margins sub-parallel (Fig. 6D). Ejaculatory apodeme large, umbrella-like (Fig. 6E). Based on the shape of its hypandrium, Paragus megacercus sp. nov. is most similar to Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822 (Figs 10 K���L). The enlarged cerci distinguish this species from all other known members of the genus. Description. MALE. Body length 6.1 mm, wing length 4.4 mm. Head (Figs 5 A���B, 7B). Eyes covered with white, uniformly distributed pile, as long as diameter of posterior ocellus; eyes narrowly separated by a length of about three ommatidia (Fig. 7B); antenna black; basoflagellomere 2.8 times longer than wide, with rounded apex; arista bare, dark brown; face yellow except black medial vitta extending from the oral margin to the tubercle, dense- ly covered with yellow pile; frontal triangle yellow with yellow pile except for some black pile at the base of lunule; vertical triangle mostly shiny black, but yellowish pollinose anterior to anterior ocellus, covered with predominantly black pile, except yellow pile on the area posterior to ocellar triangle; ocellar triangle equilateral with black pile; occiput narrow, whitish pollinose, covered with yellow pile. Thorax (Fig. 5). Scutum black, covered with yellow pile; pile just behind the postpronotum yellow, wavy-tipped and longer than pile on the other parts of scutum; scutel- lum covered with yellow pile; pleuron black, whitish pollinose except ventral part of katepisternum; anepisternum and dorsal part of katepisternum with patch of long, dense, white pile; anepimeron with some yellow wavy-tipped pile; wing hyaline, covered with microtrichia, except for some bare areas in cells C, SC, R, BM, CuP and alula; stigma dark brown; spurious vein ending before the meeting point of vein M with discal cross-vein; calypter whit- ish; pedicel of halter brown, capitulum yellow; coxae and trochanters black; femora predominantly yellow, pro- and mesofemora black in basal 1/4; pro- and mesotibiae yellow, metatibia with dark medial ring; tarsi dorsally black, except yellow meso- and metabasotarsomere, ventrally yellow except fifth tarsomere. Abdomen (Fig. 5). Shiny black, elongated, about 3 times longer than wide; terga black, with white pile on the anterior 1/4 and black adpressed pile on the posterior 3/4; tergum 2 with long white pile on lateral margins; terga 3 and 4 with a pair of poorly visible silver pollinose maculae; sterna shiny black, covered with long white wavy-tipped pile. Terminalia (Fig. 6). Cerci extraordinarily large, covered with short yellow pubescence and long dense, yellow, wavy-tipped pile (Figs 6 A���B); surstylus small, tapering to the apex (Fig. 6A); hypandrium on Figs 6 C���D; paramere relatively small with sub-paral- lel dorsal and ventral margins (Fig. 6D); ejaculatory apodeme distally with large umbrella-like cap (Fig. 6E). FEMALE. Unknown. Etymology. The name �� megacercus �� (mega is derived from the ancient Greek word �� megas �� meaning ��large��) refers to the extraordinarily large cerci of the male terminalia. Distribution. Republic of South Africa, Drakensberg Mountains (Fig. 1)., Published as part of Tot, Tamara, Radenkovi��, Sne��ana, Nedeljkovi��, Zorica, Likov, Laura & Vuji��, Ante, 2020, Descriptions of two new species of the genus Paragus Latreille (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a key to males of all South African species, pp. 341-355 in Zootaxa 4780 (2) on pages 346-349, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3842534, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil, Schulz- Wundermann, Hamm, x + 416 pp. pls. 22 - 32."]}

Two new species of the genus Paragus Latreille, 1804 are described from the Republic of South Africa: Paragus longipilus Tot, Vujić et Radenković sp. nov. and Paragus megacercus Tot, Vujić et Radenković sp. nov. These new species belong to the subgenus Pandasyopthalmus Stuckenberg, 1954a. Paragus longipilus sp. nov. is a member of the P. jozanus group, whereas Paragus megacercus speng. nov. belongs to the P. tibialis group. The taxonomic status of Paragus chalybeatus Hull, 1964 is revised and proposed as synonym of Paragus punctatus Hull, 1949. Additionally, an identification key to males of the South African species of Paragus is provided. Results of the present study confirm a significant level of endemism of Paragus in the Afrotropical Region (12 out of 29).

Key to males of South African species of the genus Paragus 1 Eyes with 2 or 3 vertical vittae of pile..................................................................... 2 - Eyes with uniformly distributed pile (subgenus Pandasyopthalmus)............................................. 3 2 Posterior margin of scutellum without teeth; abdomen broad, terga laterally fused (subgenus Afroparagus); terminalia as in Figs 9 E���G: lingula absent (Fig. 9F).............................................. Paragus borbonicus Macquart, 1842 - Posterior margin of scutellum with distinct teeth (subgenus Serratoparagus); terminalia (Figs 9 A���D): epandrium (Figs 9 A���B) with bulge next to the cercus in lateral view (Fig. 9B marked with arrow); hypandrium with developed lingula (Fig. 9C)........................................................................ Paragus capricorni Stuckenberg, 1954b 3 Abdomen petiolate (Fig. 8A)............................................................................ 4 - Abdomen parallel sided, never distinctly petiolate (Fig. 8B).................................................... 7 4 Terminalia: paramere boomerang-shaped (Figs 10E: p, 10G: p)................................................. 5 - Terminalia: paramere broad in the base, tapering towards the apex (Figs 10A: p, 10C: p)............................. 6 5 Terminalia: surstylus rhomboid-shape apically (Fig. 10G: s), paramere with slender apex (Fig. 10G: p); ejaculatory apodeme as in Fig. 10H................................................................ Paragus longiventris Loew, 1858 - Terminalia: surstylus trapezoid-shape apically (Fig. 10E: s), paramere with rounded apex (Fig. 10E: p); ejaculatory apodeme as in Fig. 10F.................................................................... Paragus minutus Hull, 1938 6 Basoflagellomere shorter (two times longer than scape and pedicel together) (Fig. 11A); terminalia: paramere broader, with pointed apex (Fig. 10A: p)...................................................... Paragus marshalli Bezzi, 1915 - Basoflagellomere more elongated (three times longer than scape and pedicel together) (Fig. 11B); terminalia (Figs 10 C���D): paramere narrower, with rounded apex (Fig. 10C: p).............................. Paragus dolichocerus Bezzi, 1915 7 Cercus enlarged (5.9 times longer than the narrowest part of epandrium in dorsal view) (Figs 6 A���B)................................................................................................ Paragus megacercus sp. nov. - Cercus not enlarged................................................................................... 8 8 Posterior margin of sternum 4 medially protruded with two tufts of black pile medially (Figs 2 C���D: t), boundary between sterna 2 and 3 with medial longitudinal protuberance (Figs 2 C���D: pr); terminalia as in Fig. 3......... Paragus longipilus sp. nov. - Posterior margin of sternum 4 simple, boundary between sterna 2 and 3 without medial longitudinal protuberance........ 9 9 Terminalia (Figs 10 I���J): surstylus narrow in the base, expanding medially, tapering towards the apex (Fig. 10I: s); abdomen completely black, terga with white erect pile on anterior half and with black adpressed pile on posterior half.......................................................................................... Paragus punctatus Hull, 1949 - Terminalia (Figs 10 K���L): surstylus same width along its length (Fig. 10K: s); abdomen black with orange markings on terga, terga only with white pile.................................................. Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822, Published as part of Tot, Tamara, Radenkovi��, Sne��ana, Nedeljkovi��, Zorica, Likov, Laura & Vuji��, Ante, 2020, Descriptions of two new species of the genus Paragus Latreille (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a key to males of all South African species, pp. 341-355 in Zootaxa 4780 (2) on page 350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3842534, {"references":["Macquart, P. J. M. (1842) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. Tome deuxieme. 2 e partie. Memoires de la Societe des sciences, de l ' agriculture et des arts de Lille, 1841 (1), 65 - 200.","Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 b) The Paragus serratus complex with description of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 105, 393 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1954. tb 00770. x","Loew, H. (1858) Bidrag till kannendomen om Afrikas Diptera. Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 14, 337 - 383.","Hull, F. M. (1938) Exotic forms of syrphid flies. Annals of Carnegien Museum, 27, 121 - 128.","Bezzi, M. (1915) The Syrphidae of the Ethiopian Region based on material in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History), with descriptions of new genera and species. British Museum (Natural History), London, 146 pp.","Hull, F. M. (1949) LIX. - Studies upon Diptera in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 2 (22), 727 - 746. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908654020","Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Dritter Theil, Schulz- Wundermann, Hamm, x + 416 pp. pls. 22 - 32."]}

Paragus punctatus Hull, 1949: 732 Paragus chalybeatus Hull, 1964: 451 syn. n. Type material studied. The holotype of Paragus chalybeatus was examined (MZLU). This holotype is labelled: ��� Holotypus (red label)/ Paragus chalybeatus Hull (handwritten) det. F. M. Hull/Zool. Mus. Lund Sweden Type No. 300411 Syrphidae (handwritten)/S. Afr. Cape. Prov. Cape Peninsula. Hout Bay. Skoorsteenkop. 2.ii.1951. No. 166 (white label)/ Swedish South Africa Expedition 1950���1951, Brinck-Rudebeck (white label)/Insect trap Alt ft (white label)���. The holotype of Paragus punctatus was also examined on the basis of high resolution photos of the head and thorax (dorsal and lateral views) (NHM). The holotype of Paragus punctatus is in very poor condition, lacking the abdomen and left wing, and is labelled as follows: ��� Holotype Paragus punctatus Hull (red label) (handwritten)/ Cape Prov., Swellendam. Nov. 1933. (white label)/ S. Africa. R. E. Turner. Brit. Mus. 1933���646. (white label)/ NHMUK010369583 (white label)���. Comments. Hull (1949) described Paragus punctatus based on a single female, collected in Swellendam (Cape Province, South Africa) in November 1933. Stuckenberg (1954a) found in the collections of the British Museum a male, labelled the same as holotype of Paragus punctatus. He designated this male as allotype of Paragus punctatus. Hull (1964) described a new species, Paragus chalybeatus, from Hout Bay, Skoorsteenkop, South Africa. He stated that this new species shares very similar morphological characters with the allotype of Paragus punctatus designated by Stuckenberg (1954a), but also indicated the existence of differences between them. Examining the holotype of Paragus chalybeatus we conclude that the type specimen shares the same morphological characters with the allotype of Paragus punctatus found in Stuckenberg (1954a) and with the examined males of Paragus punctatus deposited in FSUNS. We designate here Paragus chalybeatus as synonym of Paragus punctatus. Based on diagnostic characters defined by Vujić et al. (2008) (small ejaculatory apodeme with simple apical part, lateral lobe of aedeagus protruded anteriorly more than paramere, and hypandrium without characteristic lateral protuberances) (Figs 10 I���J) Paragus punctatus belongs to the P. jozanus group., Published as part of Tot, Tamara, Radenkovi��, Sne��ana, Nedeljkovi��, Zorica, Likov, Laura & Vuji��, Ante, 2020, Descriptions of two new species of the genus Paragus Latreille (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a key to males of all South African species, pp. 341-355 in Zootaxa 4780 (2) on pages 349-350, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3842534, {"references":["Hull, F. M. (1949) LIX. - Studies upon Diptera in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 12, 2 (22), 727 - 746. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222934908654020","Hull, F. M. (1964) Diptera (Brachycera): Syrphidae. South African Animal Life, 10, 443 - 496.","Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 a) Studies on Paragus, with description of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Revue de Zoologie et de Botanique Africaines, 49, 97 - 139.","Vujic, A., Stahls, G., Rojo, S., Radenkovic, S. & Simic, S. (2008) Systematics and phylogeny of the tribe Paragini (Diptera: Syrphidae) based on molecular and morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 152, 507 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00353. x"]}

Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) longipilus Tot, Vujić et Radenković sp. nov. Figs 2, 3, 4, 7A urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 5E86C49D-C8B0-4C86-8DC4-7830D68739A5 Type material. HOLOTYPE. Republic of South Africa, ♂, pinned. Original label: ��� RSA, Western Cape Province, Ceres District, Gydo Pass, 33��13���22.1988���S, 19��19���11.1606���E, 1071 m a.s.l., 08.xii.2016, leg. Vujić (ZA3_197, FSUNS)���. PARATYPE: Republic of South Africa: Eastern Cape Province, Naude���s Neck Pass, ♂, 30��44���54.2436���S, 28��13���1.308���E, 1899 m a.s.l., 30.xi.2017, leg. Vujić, Radenković, Veličković (ZA4_131, FSUNS). Diagnosis. Eyes uniformly pilose (typical of subgenus Pandasyopthalmus), covered with dense, white pile as long as pedicel, and narrowly separated by a length of about two ommatidia (Fig. 7A). Face with distinct tubercle. Spurious vein extending beyond the meeting point of vein M with the discal cross-vein (Fig. 2A). Medial longitu- dinal protuberance at the boundary between sterna 2 and 3 present (Figs 2 C���D: pr); posterior margin of sternum 4 medially protruded, with two tufts of black pile medially (Figs 2 C���D: t). Surstylus squared with apical protuberance and inner spine (marked with arrow on Fig. 3B); hypandrium as in Figs 3 C���D; paramere broad basally and tapering towards the rounded apex, with a lateral spine (marked with arrow on Figs 3 C���D). Based on its external morphological characters, Paragus longipilus sp. nov. belongs to the subgenus Pandasyopthalmus. Paragus longipilus sp. nov. differs from other described species of the genus by having much lon- ger and denser body pile. Additionally, the medial longitudinal protuberance at the boundary between sterna 2 and 3 is present (Figs 2 C���D: pr), as well as the posterior margin of sternum 4 medially protruded with two tufts of black pile medially (Figs 2 C���D: t). The aedeagus complex (Figs 4 A���C) is similar to that of the species Paragus jozanus Matsumura in Matsumura & Adachi 1916 (see Fig. 66 in Vujić et al. 2008). Description. MALE. Body length 5.1 mm, wing length 3.7 mm. Head (Figs 2 A���B, 7A). Eyes with dense, white, uniformly distributed pile, as long as pedicel, and narrowly separated by a length of about two ommatidia; antenna dark brown to blackish; basoflagellomere 1.75 times longer than wide, with rounded apex; arista dark brown; face yellow except black medial vitta extending from the oral margin to the tubercle, densely covered with long white pile and with distinct tubercle; frontal triangle yellow with yellow pile, except for a few black pile around the lunule; vertical triangle black, with golden sheen, covered with black pile anterior to anterior ocellus and yellow pile on the area posterior to the ocellar triangle; ocellar triangle equilateral, with black pile; occiput narrow, whitish pollinose, covered with dense yellow pile. Thorax (Figs 2 A���B). Scutum black, with golden sheen, covered with yellow pile; pleuron black, whitish pollinose, except ventral part of katepisternum; anepisternum, anepimeron and dorsal part of katepisternum with patch of long white pile; calypter whitish; pedicel of halter dark brown, capitu- lum yellow; wing hyaline, covered with microtrichia except bare costal cell (C), basal part of subcostal cell (SC), first basal cell (R) and second basal cell (BM); spurious vein extending beyond the meeting point of vein M with discal cross-vein; stigma brownish-yellow; coxae and trochanters black; pro- and mesofemora black on basal 1/2, metafemur black on basal 3/4; tibiae and tarsi yellow; metatibia yellow with slightly darker ring in the submedial part (Fig. 2A); scutellum black with golden sheen, covered with yellow pile, as long as the length of scutellum. Abdomen (Fig. 2). Terga black with golden sheen, with white erected pile on anterior half and black adpressed pile on posterior half; tergum 2 with long white pile on lateral margins (Fig. 2B); sterna 1 and 2 with long white pile, sterna 3���5 with short white pile, sterna 6���8 with black pile; boundary between sterna 2 and 3 with medial longitu- dinal protuberance (Figs 2 C���D: pr); posterior margin of sternum 4 medially protruded, with two tufts of black pile medially (Figs 2 C���D: t). Terminalia (Figs 3, 4). Surstylus squared with apical protuberance and inner spine (Figs 3 A���B: s); hypandrium as in Figs 3 C���D, paramere broad at the base and tapering to the rounded apex, with lateral spine (marked with arrow on Figs 3 C���D); posterior rim of hypandrium differentiated into a wide lingula (Fig. 3C: l); ejaculatory apodeme on Fig. 3E. FEMALE. Unknown. Etymology. The word �� longipilus �� derives from the Latin adjective �� longus �� meaning long and �� pilus �� as nomi- native of the noun pile, referring to the long pile uniformly distributed on the eyes and other body parts. Distribution. Paragus longipilus sp. nov. is distributed in southern parts of the Republic of South Africa, in the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces (Fig. 1)., Published as part of Tot, Tamara, Radenkovi��, Sne��ana, Nedeljkovi��, Zorica, Likov, Laura & Vuji��, Ante, 2020, Descriptions of two new species of the genus Paragus Latreille (Diptera: Syrphidae) with a key to males of all South African species, pp. 341-355 in Zootaxa 4780 (2) on pages 343-346, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4780.2.7, http://zenodo.org/record/3842534, {"references":["Matsumura, S. & Adachi, J. (1916) Synopsis of the economic Syrphidae of Japan. The Entomological Magazine, Kyoto 2, 1 - 36, pl. 1.","Vujic, A., Stahls, G., Rojo, S., Radenkovic, S. & Simic, S. (2008) Systematics and phylogeny of the tribe Paragini (Diptera: Syrphidae) based on molecular and morphological characters. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 152, 507 - 536. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2007.00353. x"]}

In this study, we investigated 3,086 adult specimens (974 females and 2,112 males) of the genus Paragus collected in the period 1950-2017 and deposited in the collections of the Department of Biology and Ecology, University of Novi Sad (FSUNS). All four subgenera of Paragus are present in the FSUNS collection. We provide data on 59 species, most of which belong to the subgenus Paragus (37), followed by Pandasyopthalmus (16), Serratoparagus (5) and Afroparagus (1). We conclude that some taxa of this genus require revision because of unresolved taxonomic problems.

Paragus finitimus Goeldlin, 1971 − Hermance, Potagers de Gaïa, Piège Malaise, 17.6– 3.7.2015, 1♂, 3– 29.7.2015, 2 ind., 4– 19.8.2015, 1 ♂, leg. K. Nicolas, in coll. LEBA., Published as part of Speight, Martin C. D., Athanasiades, Anouk, Bessat, Marie, Carvalho, Abby - Gaëlle De, Faye, Jean - David, Fleury, Dominique, Monod, Vinciane, Nicolas, Karel, Passaseo, Aurelia, Petremand, Gaël, Rochefort, Sophie & Castella, Emmanuel, 2019, Révision de la liste des Diptères Syrphidae du canton de Genève, incluant cinq espèces nouvelles pour la Suisse, pp. 87-98 in Entomo Helvetica 12 on page 92, DOI: 10.5169/seals-985864, http://zenodo.org/record/8071622

Paragus (Paragus) azureus Hull, 1949 Paragus azureus Hull, 1949: 729. Type locality: Yemen (Socotra). Paragus azureus scrupeus Stuckenberg, 1954b: 406. Type locality: Yemen (South Yemen). World distribution: AF: Yemen. PA: Egypt (Peck 1988), Israel. Material examined: 1 male, Wadi Rashid, 24.V.1919, leg. Efflatoun (specimen published in Efflatoun (1922)); 4 males, 2 females, Wadi Edeib, Gebel Elba, 23.I.1929, leg. Efflatoun; 11 males, 3 females, Wadi Edeib, 26.II���7.III.1938, leg. Tewfik; 1 male, Wadi Rishrash, 24.V.1919, leg. Efflatoun [EFC]. Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Askhar, Wadi Geniva, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Rashid, Wadi Rishrash, Wadi Shabek, Wadi Um Girfan. Gebel Elba: Wadi Edeib, Wadi Ehameib [Sources: Efflatoun (1925) and Shaumar & Kamal (1978) (under the name P. serratus) and the examined museum material]. Activity period in Egypt: January to May. Remarks: According to Stuckenberg (1954), the specimens recorded in Egypt by Efflatoun (1925) under the name Paragus serratus are actually this species, and all Egyptian records should probably be assigned likewise. Paragus serratus is not a North African species at all., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on page 214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Stuckenberg, B. R. (1954 b) The Paragus serratus complex, with descriptions of new species (Diptera: Syrphidae). Transactions of the Royal Entomological Society of London, 105, 393 - 422. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1954. tb 00770. x","Peck, L. V. (1988) Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Akademia Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230.","Efflatoun, H. C. (1922) A Monograph of Egyptian Diptera. (Part I. Fam. Syrphidae). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 2, 1 - 123.","Efflatoun H. C. (1925) Contribution to the knowledge of Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 9, 274 - 283.","Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295"]}

Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) haemorrhous Meigen, 1822 Paragus haemorrhous Meigen, 1822: 182. Type locality: Austria & France. Paragus sigillatus Curtis, 1836: 593. Type locality: England (Darent). Paragus trianguliferus Zetterstedt, 1838: 3. Type locality: Sweden (Novacculum Umenaes). Paragus substitutus Loew, 1858: 376. Type locality: South Africa (Eastern Cape [as "Caffraria"]). Paragus tamagawanus Matsumura, 1916: 9. Japan (Honshu: Tamagawa). Paragus pallipes Matsumura, 1916: 11. Type localities: Russia (Sakhalin) & Japan (Honshu: Tokyo, Towada). Paragus ogasawarae Matsumura, 1916: 13. Type localities: Japan (Honshu: Iwate). Paragus coreanus Shiraki, 1930: 250. Type localities: Korea (Koryo, Kongo, Shakuoji). Material examined: 1 male, Wadi El Zohleiga, 2.V.1925, leg. Efflatoun (specimen published in Shaumar & Kamal (1978)) [EFC]; 1 female, Kafr Hakim, 10.VI.1924, leg. Efflatoun (specimen published in Shaumar & Kamal (1978)) [PPDD]. World distribution: AF: Widespread. NE: N America from the Yukon south to Costa Rica. PA: Afghanistan, Egypt, Europe (Widespread), Israel, Japan, Korea. Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Mariout. Eastern Desert: Suez Road, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Ibtadi, Wadi Rishrash, Wadi Zohleiga. Lower Nile Valley & Delta: Abu-Rawash, El-Mansoura, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Kafr Hakim, Kirdassa, Shubra. [Source: Shaumar & Kamal (1978)]. Activity period in Egypt: March to October. Remarks: Adults fly low through ground vegetation, with a darting, erratic and weaving flight. Males usually hover close to the ground or close to the foliage of low-growing plants and settles on foliage or the ground. In Europe, this species usually visits the flowers of the Umbelliferae, Matricaria, Origanum, Polygonum, Potentilla, Solidago and Stellaria (De Buck 1990; Speight 2017)., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on page 213, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 3. Schultz- Wundermann, Hamm, 416 pp.","Zetterstedt, J. W. (1838) Dipterologis Scandinaviae. Sect. 3. Diptera. Insecta Lapponica, 1838, 477 - 868","Loew, H. (1858) Bidrag till kannedomen om Afrikas Diptera (part). Ofversigt af Kongliga Vetenskaps-Akademiens Forhandlingar, 14 (9), 337 - 383.","Shiraki, T. (1930) Die syrphiden des japanischen Kaiserreichs, mit Berucksichtung benachbarter gebiete. Memoirs of the Faculty of Science and Agriculture, Taihoku Imperial University, 1, 1 - 446.","Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295","De Buck, N. (1990) Bloembezoek en bestuivingsecologie van Zweefvliegen (Diptera, Syrphidae) in het bijzonder voor Belgie. Studiedocumenten van het K. B. I. N., Brussel, 167 pp.","Speight, M. C. D. (2017) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera). In: Speight, M. C. D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J. - P. & Vanappelghem, C. (Eds.), Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 97. Syrph the Net Publication, Dublin, 294 pp."]}

Paragus (Pandasyopthalmus) tibialis (Fallén, 1817) Pipiza tibialis Fallén, 1817: 60. Type locality: Sweden (Vestrogothia). Paragus zonatus Meigen, 1822: 177. Type locality: Germany (Herzogthum Mts.). Paragus aeneus Meigen, 1822: 183. Type locality: France. Paragus obscurus Meigen, 1822: 183. Type locality: France. Paragus femoratus Meigen, 1822: 184. Type locality: Austria. Ascia analis Macquart, 1839: 109. Type locality: Canary. Is. Paragus dispar Schummel, 1841: 163. Type locality: Poland (Lissa, near Wroclaw). Paragus numidia Macquart, 1849: 471. Type locality: Algeria. Paragus mundus Wollaston, 1858: 115. Type locality: Portugal (Madeira: Porto Santo). Orthonevra varipes Bigot, 1880: 150. Type locality: Iran (Northern Iran). Paragus tibialis var. meridionalis Becker, 1921: 4. Type locality: Russia (Krasnoarmeisk, nr. Volgograd). Paragus mongolicus Kanervo, 1938a: 149. Type locality: Mognolia. Material examined: 1 female, El-Burg, 8.VII.1934, leg. Efflatoun; 1 male, 1 female, Wadi El-Rabba, Sinai, 26.IV.1946, leg. Efflatoun, specimens published in Shaumar & Kamal (1978); 1 male, Amria, 1.VI.1924, leg. Efflatoun; 1 male, Bir El-Fahm, 26.III.1930, leg. H.C.E. & M.T.; 1 female, Helwan, 28.I.1935, leg. Farag; 1 male, Wadi Hoff, 18.II.1927, leg. Farag [EFC]. World distribution: AF: Namibia, South Africa. NE: Canada, USA. OR: India. PA: Afghanistan, Algeria, British Isles, Canary Is., China, Egypt, Estonia, Finland, Germany, Greece, Iran, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Korea, Lithuania, Madeira, Mongolia, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Tunisia. Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Amria, El-Burg, Mariout, Mersa Matrouh. Eastern Desert: Bir El-Fahm, Ogret El-Sheikh, Suez, Wadi Digla, Wadi Garawi, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Rishrash, Wadi Um Elek, Wadi Zohleiga. Lower Nile Valley & Delta: Abu-Rawash, El-Mansoura, El-Mansouriya, Ezbet El-Nakhl, Helwan, Kafr El-Dems, Kafr Hakim, Kirdassa, Kombira. Sinai: Wadi Gedeirat, Wadi El-Rabba. [Sources: Efflatoun (1922), Shaumar & Kamal (1978) and the examined museum material] Activity period in Egypt: Throughout the year. Remarks: This species flies rapidly, zigzagging in and out of low-growing plants in open grassland and heathland, and beside tracks in open woodland. It also visits flowers in these situations, especially flowers of Potentilla and Salix (Speight 2017)., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on pages 213-214, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Fallen, F. C. (1817) Syrphici Sveciae. In: Diptera Sveciae / descripta a Carlo Frederico Fallen. Literis Berlingianis, Lundae, pp. 23 - 62.","Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 3. Schultz- Wundermann, Hamm, 416 pp.","Macquart, P. J. M. (1839) Dipteres. In: Webb, P. B. & Berthelot, S. (Eds.), Histoire naturelle des Iles Canaries. Tome deuxieme. Deuxieme partie. Contenant la Zoologie. [Entomologie]. Bethune, Paris, pp. 97 - 119.","Schummel, T. E. (1841 - 42) Verzeichniss und Beschreibung der bis jetzt in Schlesien gefangenen zweiflugler der Syrphen Familie. Uebersicht der Arbeiten und Veranderungen der Schlesische Gesellschaft fur Vaterlandissche Kultur im Jahre, 1841, 163 - 170.","Macquart, P. J. M. (1849) Huitieme ordre. Les Dipteres. In: Lucas, P. H. (Ed.), Exploration scientifique de l'Algerie pendant les annees 1840, 1841, 1842. Sciences physiques, Zoologie III. Histoire naturelle des animaux articules. Troisieme partie. Insectes. Bertrand, Paris, pp. 1 - 527.","Wollaston, T. V. (1858) Brief diagnostic characters of undescribed Madeiran insects. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 1 (1), 18 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222935808696865","Bigot, J. M. F. (1880) Dipteres nouveaux ou peu connus. 13 e partie. XX. Quelques Dipteres de Perse et du Caucase. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, 5 (10), 139 - 154.","Becker, T. (1921) Neue Dipteren meiner Sammlung. I. Syrphidae. Mitteilungen aus dem Zoologischen Museum in Berlin, 10, 1 - 93.","Kanervo, E. (1938 a) Die Syrphidenfauna Sibiriens in vorlaufiger Zusammenstellung. Annales Entomologici Fennici, 4, 145 - 170.","Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295","Efflatoun, H. C. (1922) A Monograph of Egyptian Diptera. (Part I. Fam. Syrphidae). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 2, 1 - 123.","Speight, M. C. D. (2017) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera). In: Speight, M. C. D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J. - P. & Vanappelghem, C. (Eds.), Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 97. Syrph the Net Publication, Dublin, 294 pp."]}

Paragus (Paragus) compeditus Wiedemann, 1830 Paragus compeditus Wiedemann, 1830: 89. Type locality: Egypt. Paragus aegyptius Macquart, 1850: 464. Type locality: Egypt. Paragus nitidissimus Costa, 1878: 15. Type locality: Egypt (Rodha [as ���Rhoda���]). Material examined: 1 male, Siwa Oasis, 2.VIII.1927, leg. Tewfik; 1 male, Ghoubbet El Bous, 26.VI.1929, leg. H.C.E. & M.T. (both specimens published in Shaumar & Kamal (1978)); 1 male, 1 female, Helwan, 3.IV.1934, leg. Farag; 1 female, Wadi Hoff, 4.IV.1930, leg. Farag; 1 female, Wadi Morrah, 23.V.1927, leg. Farag [EFC]. World distribution: AF: Ethiopia, Madagascar, Namibia, Oman, South Africa, UAE. PA: Afghanistan, Armenia, Asiatic Russia, Azerbaijan, China, Crimea, Cyprus, Egypt, Georgia, Iran, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Saudi Arabia, Tajikistan, Turkey, Ukraine, Uzbekistan. Egyptian localities: Coastal Strip: Alexandria, Cleopatra, Mariout. Eastern Desert: Abu El-Nesour, Ghoubbet El-Bous, Wadi Dar El-Maskhara, Wadi Hoff, Wadi Morrah, Wadi Rishrash. Fayoum: El-Fayoum City, Kom Osheem. Lower Nile Valley & Delta: Abu-Rawash, Borgash, El-Beharia, El-Gabel El-Asfar, El-Marg, Giza, Faraskour, Helwan, Kirdassa, Kombira, Kubba, Maadi, Pyramids, Rhoda (as nitidissimus Costa). Upper Nile Valley: Aswan, Isna. Western Desert: Siwa Oasis. [Sources: as P. aegyptius in both of Efflatoun (1922) and Shaumar & Kamal (1978), in addition to the examined museum material]. Activity period in Egypt: Throughout the year. Remarks: Adults of P. compeditus fly among vegetation in humid situations (Speight 2017). This species is common and equally abundant throughout the whole length of the Nile Valley, from Aswan down to the Mediterranean Coast as well as in the desert. Its larvae are recorded feeding on aphids in Egypt (Efflatoun 1922)., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on page 215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Wiedemann, C. R. W. (1830) Aussereuropaische zweiflugelige Insekten. Zweiter Theil. Schulz, Hamm, 684 pp.","Macquart, P. J. M. (1850) Dipteres exotiques nouveaux ou peu connus. 4 e supplement. Memoirs de la Societe Royale des Sciente, de l'Agriculture et des Art, de Lille, 1849, 309 - 479.","Costa, A. (1878) Relazione di un viaggio per l'Egitto, la Palestina e le coste della Turchia asiatica per ricerche zoologiche. Atti della Reale Accademia delle Scienze Fisiche e Matematiche di Napoli, 7 (2), 1 - 40.","Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295","Efflatoun, H. C. (1922) A Monograph of Egyptian Diptera. (Part I. Fam. Syrphidae). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique d'Egypte, 2, 1 - 123.","Speight, M. C. D. (2017) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera). In: Speight, M. C. D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J. - P. & Vanappelghem, C. (Eds.), Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 97. Syrph the Net Publication, Dublin, 294 pp."]}

Paragus (Paragus) bicolor (Fabricius, 1794) Syrphus bicolor Fabricius, 1794: 297. Type locality: Barbariae [= Nw. Africa]. Musca cruentatus Geoffroy, 1785: 462. Type locality: France (Paris). Paragus arcuatus Meigen, 1822: 179. Type locality: France (Provence). Paragus taeniatus Meigen, 1822: 179. Type locality: France (Southern France). Paragus ater Meigen, 1822: 182. Type locality: France (Carpentras). Paragus testaceus Meigen, 1822: 180. Type locality: Austria & France (Southern France). Paragus ruficauda Zetterstedt, 1843: 852. Type locality: Sweden (Scania: Esper��d). Paragus tacchettii Rondani, 1865: 140. Type locality: Italy (Brescia). World distribution: AF: Namibia, South Africa. NE: Canada, USA. OR: India (Jammu & Kashmir), Pakistan. PA: Afghanistan, Algeria, China, Egypt, Europe (from southern Sweden and Denmark south to the Mediterranean, from France eastwards through central and southern Europe), Iran, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Mongolia, Morocco, Tunisia. Egyptian localities: Eastern Desert: Wadi Um Elek [Shaumar & Kamal (1978)]. Activity period in Egypt: June. Remarks: Adults fly low among ground vegetation and settle on either bare ground or low plants. The flowers visited include: Euphorbia, Herniaria glabra, Potentilla and Solidago (Speight 2017). Gomes (1981) reared this species from among aphids on Rumex in Portugal., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on pages 214-215, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom. IV. C. G. Proft, Fil. et Soc., Hafniae [= Copenhagen], 472 pp.","Geoffroy, E. L. (1785) Entomologia Parisiensis, sive catalogus Insectorum quae in agro parisiensi reperiuntus. Vols. 1 - 2. Via et Aedibus Serpentineis, Paris, viii + 544 pp.","Meigen, J. W. (1822) Systematische Beschreibung der bekannten europaischen zweiflugeligen Insekten. Vol. 3. Schultz- Wundermann, Hamm, 416 pp.","Zetterstedt, J. W. (1843) Diptera Scandinaviae. Disposita et descripta. Vol. 2. Officina Lundbergiana, Lundae [= Lund], 409 pp. [pp. 441 - 894]","Rondani, C. (1865) Diptera italica non vel minus cognita descripta vel annotata observationibus nonnullis additis. Fasc. I: Oestridae-Syrphidae-Conopidae. Atti della Societa Italiana di Scienze Naturali e del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale in Milano, 8, 127 - 146.","Shaumar, N. & Kamal, S. (1978) The Syrphidae of Egypt. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Lyon, 47, 79 - 84. https: // doi. org / 10.3406 / linly. 1978.10295","Speight, M. C. D. (2017) Species accounts of European Syrphidae (Diptera). In: Speight, M. C. D., Castella, E., Sarthou, J. - P. & Vanappelghem, C. (Eds.), Syrph the Net, the database of European Syrphidae. Vol. 97. Syrph the Net Publication, Dublin, 294 pp.","Gomes, A. (1981) Sirfideos colhidos em Portugal durante 1977 (Diptera, Syrphidae). Agronomia lusitana, 41, 5 - 24."]}

Genus PARAGUS Latreille Paragus Latreille, 1804: 194. Type species: Syrphus bicolor Fabricius, 1794, by monotypy., Published as part of El-Hawagry, Magdi S. & Gilbert, Francis, 2019, Catalogue of the Syrphidae of Egypt (Diptera), pp. 201-248 in Zootaxa 4577 (2) on page 213, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4577.2.1, http://zenodo.org/record/2629643, {"references":["Latreille, P. A. (1804) Tableau methodique des insectes. In: Societe de Naturalistes et d'Agriculteurs (Ed.), Nouvelle dictionnaire d'Histoire naturelle. Vol. 24. F. Dufart, Paris, pp. 129 - 200.","Fabricius, J. C. (1794) Entomologia systematica emendata et aucta. Secundum classes, ordines, genera, species adjectis synonimis, locis, observationibus, descriptionibus. Tom. IV. C. G. Proft, Fil. et Soc., Hafniae [= Copenhagen], 472 pp."]}

Paragus bicolor (FABRICIUS, 1794) Bgld, St. Margarethen, NSG Nord, 6.5.17. Neu für Burgenland., Published as part of Schlüsslmayr, Gerhard, 2018, Erstnachweise von Fliegen (Diptera) für Österreich und einige Bundesländer, pp. 765-800 in Linzer biologische Beiträge 50 (1) on page 772, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.4004374