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1. Prevention of ischemia-reperfusion lung injury by sulfated Lewisapentasaccharide

Author

Jean Reignier, Hassan Sellak, Rémy Lemoine, André Lubineau, Guy Michel Mazmanian, Hélène Detruit, Alain Chapelier, Philippe Hervé, and The Paris-Sud University Lung Trans Group

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Pathology, Physiology, business.industry, medicine.medical_treatment, Ischemia, Lung injury, medicine.disease, Gastroenterology, Lung disease, Physiology (medical), Internal medicine, medicine, Lung transplantation, business, Carbohydrate antigen
Abstract

Reignier, Jean, Hassan Sellak, Rémy Lemoine, André Lubineau, Guy Michel Mazmanian, Hélène Detruit, Alain Chapelier, Philippe Hervé, and The Paris-Sud University Lung Transplantation Group. Prevention of ischemia-reperfusion lung injury by sulfated Lewisapentasaccharide. J. Appl. Physiol.82(4): 1058–1063, 1997.—Inhibition of polymorphonuclear neutrophil (PMN) adhesion to the pulmonary endothelium attenuates ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) lung injury. We hypothesized that 3′-sulfated Lewisa(SuLa), a potent ligand for the selectin adhesion molecules, may have a beneficial effect on I/R lung injury, as measured by the filtration coefficient ( Kfc), and reduce pulmonary sequestration of PMN as assessed by the lung myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity. Blood-perfused rat lungs were subjected to 30 min of perfusion, 60 min of warm ischemia, and 90 min of reperfusion after treatment with either SuLa (200 μg) or saline. Effects of SuLa on PMN adhesion to cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-α and calcium ionophore were also investigated. Compared with preischemia conditions, I/R induced a significant increase in Kfc, which was attenuated with SuLa (80 ± 8 vs. 30 ± 5%; P < 0.001). SuLa reduced lung MPO and PMN adhesion to stimulated HUVEC. These results indicate that SuLa reduces I/R-induced lung injury and PMN accumulation in lung. This protective effect might be related to inhibition of PMN adhesion to endothelial cells.

Published
1997

3. Prenatal and childhood exposure to ambient air pollution and cognitive function in school-age children: Examining sensitive windows and sex-specific associations

Author

Guilbert, Ariane, Bernard, Jonathan Y., Peyre, Hugo, Costet, Nathalie, Hough, Ian, Seyve, Emie, Monfort, Christine, Philippat, Claire, Slama, Rémy, Kloog, Itai, Chevrier, Cécile, Heude, Barbara, Ramus, Franck, Lepeule, Johanna, Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Ben-Gurion University of the Negev (BGU), Institut des Géosciences de l’Environnement (IGE), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work as well as AG were funded by the Fondation de France (PAND-Alp grant 00089597).The EDEN cohort was supported by the Foundation for Medical Research, the National Agency for Research, the National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé. 2008 program), the French Ministry of Health, the French Ministry of Research, the Inserm Bone and Joint Diseases National Research and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestlé, the French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance, the French National Institute for Health Education, the European Union FP7 programs (FP7/2007–2013, HELIX, ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects), the Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients), the French Agency for Environmental Health Safety, MutuelleGénérale de l’Education Nationale, the French National Agency for Food Security and the French-speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism.This study in the PELAGIE cohort was mainly supported by Inserm, the French National Research Agency (ANR-10-PRSP-0007) and the French Agency for Food, Environmental and Occupational Health and Safety (ANSES APR EST, 2009). The initial fundings of the PELAGIE cohort were Inserm, the French Ministries of Health, Labor, and Research, the French National Institute for Public Health Surveillance, the National Agency for Research, the French Agency for Environmental Health Safety (Afsset/ANSES), the European programs Hi-WATE and ENRIECO, and the Research Institute of Public Health.FR and HP received support under the program 'Investissements d’Avenir' launched by the French Government and implemented by ANR with the references ANR-17-EURE-0017 and ANR-10-IDEX-0001-02.The funders contributed to data collection but had no role in the design and conduct of the study, analysis, and interpretation of the data, preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript, and decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The opinions, results, and conclusions herein are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of the funding sources., ANR-10-IDEX-0001,PSL,Paris Sciences et Lettres(2010), ANR-17-EURE-0017,FrontCog,Frontières en cognition(2017), and ANR-10-PRSP-0007,PEPSY(2010)

Subjects
DLNM, PM, IQ, Pregnancy, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Neurodevelopment, NO(2)
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Combined effect of both prenatal and early postnatal exposure to ambient air pollution on child cognition has rarely been investigated and sensitive periods of sensitivity are unknown. This study explores the temporal relationship between pre- and postnatal exposure to PM(10), PM(2.5), NO(2) and child cognitive function. METHODS: Using validated spatiotemporally resolved exposure models, pre- and postnatal daily PM(2.5), PM(10) (satellite based, 1 km resolution) and NO(2) (chemistry-transport model, 4 km resolution) concentrations at the mother’s residence were estimated for 1271 mother-child pairs from the French EDEN and PELAGIE cohorts. Scores representative of children’s General, Verbal and Non-Verbal abilities at 5-6 years were constructed based on subscale scores from the WPPSI-III, WISC-IV or NEPSY-II batteries, using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Associations of both prenatal (first 35 gestational weeks) and postnatal (60 months after birth) exposure to air pollutants with child cognition were explored using Distributed Lag Non-linear Models adjusted for confounders. RESULTS: Median exposure from conception until the 60th month of life was 19.3 μg/m(3) for PM(10), 12.4 μg/m(3) for PM(2.5) and 16.9 μg/m(3) for NO(2). Increased maternal exposure to both PM(10) and PM(2.5) between the 5th and the 11th gestational weeks was related to higher General, Verbal and Non-verbal abilities among males. On the contrary, increased maternal exposure to PM(10) between the 22nd and 29th gestational weeks was associated with lower General and Non-verbal abilities among males. Similar trends were observed for PM(2.5). No significant sensitive exposure windows were detected for postnatal exposure, NO(2) or among females. DISCUSSION: These results suggest poorer cognitive development among males at 5-6 years following increased maternal exposure to PM(10) during mid-pregnancy. Apparent protective associations observed for early prenatal exposure to PM(10) and PM(2.5) are unlikely to be causal and might be due to live birth selection bias.

Published
2023

4. Stillbirths and neonatal mortality in LMICs: A community-based mother-infant cohort study

Author

Rambliere, Lison, de Lauzanne, Agathe, Diouf, Jean-Baptiste, Zo, Andrianirina Zafitsara, Landau, Myriam, Herindrainy, Perlinot, Hivernaud, Delphine, Sarr, Fatoumata Diene, Sok, Touch, Vray, Muriel, Collard, Jean-Marc, Borand, Laurence, Delarocque-Astagneau, Elisabeth, Guillemot, Didier, Kermorvant-Duchemin, Elsa, Huynh, Bich-Tram, Study Group, Birdy, Epidémiologie et modélisation de la résistance aux antimicrobiens - Epidemiology and modelling of bacterial escape to antimicrobials (EMAE), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), Centre Hospitalier Roi Baudouin Guédiawaye [Dakar, Senegal], Centre Hospitalier de Soavinandriana (CENHOSOA), Unité d’Épidémiologie et de Recherche clinique [Antananarivo, Madagascar], Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP), CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut Pasteur de Dakar, Ministry of Health [Phnom Penh], Unité de Bactériologie Expérimentale [Antananarivo, Madagascar] (IPM), Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine [Baltimore], Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], and The present work was supported by internal resources from Paris-Sud University. The BIRDY 1 & 2 research projects were implemented with the financial support of the Monegasque Cooperation for development, the Total Foundation, and MSDAVENIR.

Subjects
[SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics
Abstract

International audience; BackgroundThe exact timing, causes, and circumstances of stillbirth and neonatal mortality in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) remain poorly described, especially for antenatal stillbirths and deaths occurring at home. We aimed to provide reliable estimates of the incidence of stillbirth and neonatal death in three LMICs (Madagascar, Cambodia and Senegal) and to identify their main causes and associated risk factors.MethodsThis study is based on data from an international, multicentric, prospective, longitudinal, community-based mother-infant cohort. We included pregnant mothers and prospectively followed up their children in the community. Stillbirths and deaths were systematically reported; information across healthcare settings was collected and verbal autopsies were performed to document the circumstances and timing of death.ResultsAmong the 4436 pregnancies and 4334 live births, the peripartum period and the first day of life were the key periods of mortality. The estimated incidence of stillbirth was 11 per 1000 total births in Cambodia, 15 per 1000 in Madagascar, and 12 per 1000 in Senegal. We estimated neonatal mortality at 18 per 1000 live births in Cambodia, 24 per 1000 in Madagascar, and 23 per 1000 in Senegal. Based on ultrasound biometric data, 16.1% of infants in Madagascar were born prematurely, where 42% of deliveries and 33% of deaths occurred outside healthcare facilities. Risk factors associated with neonatal death were mainly related to delivery or to events that newborns faced during the first week of life.ConclusionsThese findings underscore the immediate need to improve care for and monitoring of children at birth and during early life to decrease infant mortality. Surveillance of stillbirth and neonatal mortality and their causes should be improved to mitigate this burden in LMICs.

Published
2023

5. Maternal Diet Quality during Pregnancy and Allergic and Respiratory Multimorbidity Clusters in Children from the EDEN Mother–Child Cohort

Author

Rosalie Delvert, Manel Ghozal, Karine Adel-Patient, Manik Kadawathagedara, Barbara Heude, Marie-Aline Charles, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Muriel Tafflet, Bénédicte Leynaert, Raphaëlle Varraso, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Annabelle Bédard, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA- Saclay (CEA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Desbrest de santé publique (IDESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut National de Prévention et d'Éducation pour la Santé, INPES, Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR: ANR-19-CE36-0008, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, Inserm, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FRM, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé, Université Paris-Sud, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail, AFSSET, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, MGEN, Institut de Veille Sanitaire, InVS, Part of this study was included in the InfaDiet project, funded by a grant from the French National Research Agency (ANR-19-CE36-0008). The EDEN study is supported by Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris-Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), French-speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non-thematic programme), and National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR 2008 cohort in health programme). The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript., and ANR-19-CE36-0008,InfaDiet,Influence de l'alimentation infantile sur la croissance et le développement de l'enfant(2019)

Subjects
maternal diet, asthma and allergic diseases, children, cluster analysis, birth cohort, Nutrition and Dietetics, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science
Abstract

We investigated the associations between maternal diet quality and allergic and respiratory diseases in children. Analyses were based on 1316 mother–child pairs from the EDEN mother–child cohort. Maternal diet quality during pregnancy was assessed through a food-based score (the Diet Quality), a nutrient-based score (the PANDiet), and the adherence to guidelines for main food groups. Clusters of allergic and respiratory multimorbidity clusters up to 8 years were identified using Latent Class Analysis. Associations were assessed by adjusted multinomial logistic regressions. Four clusters were identified for children: “asymptomatic” (67%, reference group), “asthma only” (14%), “allergies without asthma” (12%), “multi-allergic” (7%). These clusters were not associated with mother diet quality assessed by both scores. Children from mothers consuming legumes once a month or less were at higher risk of belonging to the “multi-allergic” cluster (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (95%CI)) = 1.60 (1.01;2.54)). No association was found with other food groups or other clusters. In our study, allergic and respiratory multimorbidity in children was described with four distinct clusters. Our results suggest an interest in legumes consumption in the prevention of allergic diseases but need to be confirmed in larger cohorts and randomized control trials.

Published
2023

6. Infant feeding practices associated with adiposity peak and rebound in the EDEN mother–child cohort

Author

Aurore Camier, Aminata H. Cissé, Sandrine Lioret, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Marie Aline Charles, Barbara Heude, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Influence de l'alimentation infantile sur la croissance et le développement de l'enfant - - InfaDiet2019 - ANR-19-CE36-0008 - AAPG2019 - VALID, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The EDEN study is supported by the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (by a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients [AFD]), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris‐Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN), French‐speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non‐thematic programme), and National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR 2008 cohort in health programme).The study was funded by an ANR grant (InfaDiet project, grant no.: ANR-19-CE36-0008).This research benefited from the assistance of the funding partners of the IReSP within the framework of the 2016 General call for projects - Prevention topic (HEUDE-AAP16-PREV-24)., and ANR-19-CE36-0008,InfaDiet,Influence de l'alimentation infantile sur la croissance et le développement de l'enfant(2019)

Subjects
Male, Nutrition and Dietetics, infant feeding, breastfeeding, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Medicine (miscellaneous), Mother-Child Relations, Body Mass Index, Cohort Studies, BMI, Breast Feeding, adiposity rebound, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, early growth, Obesity, Adiposity
Abstract

International audience; Background/ObjectiveHigh magnitude of adiposity peak and early adiposity rebound are early risk markers of later obesity. Infant diet represents one of the main modifiable determinants of early growth. This study aimed to investigate the association between infant feeding practices and age and magnitude of adiposity peak and rebound.Subjects/MethodsAnalyses were based on data from the French EDEN mother–child cohort. Data on breastfeeding and complementary feeding were collected at birth and 4, 8 and 12 months. From clinical examinations and measurements collected in the child’s health booklet up to 12 years, individual growth curves were modeled, and ages and magnitudes of adiposity peak and rebound were estimated. Associations between infant feeding practices and growth were investigated by multivariable linear regression in children after testing a child-sex interaction.ResultsIn the studied population (n=1 225), adiposity peak occurred at a mean of 9.9 ± 2 months and adiposity rebound at 5.5 ± 1.4 years. Associations between infant feeding practices and adiposity peak or rebound were moderated by child sex. For girls, each additional month of breastfeeding was related to a 2-day increase in the age at adiposity peak (p

Published
2022

7. Maternal blood pressure associates with placental DNA methylation both directly and through alterations in cell-type composition

Author

Lucile Broséus, Daniel Vaiman, Jörg Tost, Camino Ruano San Martin, Milan Jacobi, Joel D. Schwartz, Rémi Béranger, Rémy Slama, Barbara Heude, Johanna Lepeule, Chard-Hutchinson, Xavier, APPEL À PROJETS GÉNÉRIQUE 2018 - Exposition prénatale au tabac et à la pollution atmosphérique et effets sur la santé respiratoire et le neurodévelopment de l'enfant: rôle de la méthylation placentaire - - ETAPE2018 - ANR-18-CE36-0005 - AAPG2018 - VALID, Contaminants et Environnements : Santé, Adaptabilité, Comportements et Usages - Effets de la Pollution Atmosphérique sur la fonction Placentaire et le développement Post-natal - - EPPAP2013 - ANR-13-CESA-0011 - CESA - VALID, Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), French National Cancer Institute (INCa), French Institute for Public Health Research (IreSP) [INCa_13641], Fondation de France [2012-00031593, 2012-00031617], European Union, Diabetes National Research Program (French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), ANSES, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN), French National Agency for Food Security, Frenchspeaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (ALFEDIAM), Foundation for Medical Research (FRM), National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, Inserm Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestle, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), ANR-18-CE36-0005,ETAPE,Exposition prénatale au tabac et à la pollution atmosphérique et effets sur la santé respiratoire et le neurodévelopment de l'enfant: rôle de la méthylation placentaire(2018), and ANR-13-CESA-0011,EPPAP,Effets de la Pollution Atmosphérique sur la fonction Placentaire et le développement Post-natal(2013)

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Placenta, Mesenchymal stromal cells, Blood Pressure, General Medicine, DNA Methylation, Cell-type heterogeneity, Epigenesis, Genetic, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Cohort Studies, Epigenome-wide association study, Pregnancy, Hypertension, Humans, Female, CpG Islands, Child
Abstract

Background Maternal blood pressure levels reflect cardiovascular adaptation to pregnancy and proper maternal-fetal exchanges through the placenta and are very sensitive to numerous environmental stressors. Maternal hypertension during pregnancy has been associated with impaired placental functions and with an increased risk for children to suffer from cardiovascular and respiratory diseases later on. Investigating changes in placental DNA methylation levels and cell-type composition in association with maternal blood pressure could help elucidate its relationships with placental and fetal development. Methods Taking advantage of a large cohort of 666 participants, we investigated the association between epigenome-wide DNA methylation patterns in the placenta, measured using the Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip, placental cell-type composition, estimated in silico, and repeated measurements of maternal steady and pulsatile blood pressure indicators during pregnancy. Results At the site-specific level, no significant association was found between maternal blood pressure and DNA methylation levels after correction for multiple testing (false discovery rate < 0.05), but 5 out of 24 previously found CpG associations were replicated (p-value < 0.05). At the regional level, our analyses highlighted 64 differentially methylated regions significantly associated with at least one blood pressure component, including 35 regions associated with mean arterial pressure levels during late pregnancy. These regions were found enriched for genes implicated in lung development and diseases. Further mediation analyses show that a significant part of the association between steady blood pressure—but not pulsatile pressure—and placental methylation can be explained by alterations in placental cell-type composition. In particular, elevated blood pressure levels are associated with a decrease in the ratio between mesenchymal stromal cells and syncytiotrophoblasts, even in the absence of preeclampsia. Conclusions This study provides the first evidence that the association between maternal steady blood pressure during pregnancy and placental DNA methylation is both direct and partly explained by changes in cell-type composition. These results could hint at molecular mechanisms linking maternal hypertension to lung development and early origins of childhood respiratory problems and at the importance of controlling maternal blood pressure during pregnancy.

Published
2022

8. Predicting depression onset in young people based on clinical, cognitive, environmental, and neurobiological data

Author

Yara J. Toenders, Akhil Kottaram, Richard Dinga, Christopher G. Davey, Tobias Banaschewski, Arun L.W. Bokde, Erin Burke Quinlan, Sylvane Desrivières, Herta Flor, Antoine Grigis, Hugh Garavan, Penny Gowland, Andreas Heinz, Rüdiger Brühl, Jean-Luc Martinot, Marie-Laure Paillère Martinot, Frauke Nees, Dimitri Papadopoulos Orfanos, Herve Lemaitre, Tomáš Paus, Luise Poustka, Sarah Hohmann, Juliane H. Fröhner, Michael N. Smolka, Henrik Walter, Robert Whelan, Argyris Stringaris, Betteke van Noort, Jani Penttilä, Yvonne Grimmer, Corinna Insensee, Andreas Becker, Gunter Schumann, Lianne Schmaal, Developmental Neuroscience in Society, University of Melbourne, Radboud University [Nijmegen], Heidelberg University, Trinity College Dublin, King‘s College London, Universität Mannheim, Service NEUROSPIN (NEUROSPIN), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Vermont [Burlington], University of Nottingham, UK (UON), Charité - UniversitätsMedizin = Charité - University Hospital [Berlin], Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt [Braunschweig] (PTB), Trajectoires Développementales en Psychiatrie [Paris], Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-PRES Sorbonne Paris Cité-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CB - Centre Borelli - UMR 9010 (CB), Service de Santé des Armées-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Normale Supérieure Paris-Saclay (ENS Paris Saclay)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Kiel University, Institut des Maladies Neurodégénératives [Bordeaux] (IMN), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Toronto, University Medical Center Göttingen (UMG), Technische Universität Dresden = Dresden University of Technology (TU Dresden), National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH), Leibniz Institute for Neurobiology [Magdeburg] (LIN), Fudan University [Shanghai], This work was supported by the MQ Brighter Futures Award (MQBFC/2 [to LS]), the National Institute of Mental Health of the National Institutes of Health (Award Number R01MH117601 [to LS]), a National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) Career Development Fellowship (1140764 [to LS]), the Dame Kate Campbell Fellowship from the Faculty of Medicine, Dentistry and Health Sciences at The University of Melbourne, and an NHMRC Career Development Award (141738 [to CGD]).This work received support from the following sources: the European Union–funded FP6 Integrated Project IMAGEN (Reinforcement-related behavior in normal brain function and psychopathology) (LSHM-CT-2007-037286), the Horizon 2020–funded ERC Advanced Grant 'STRATIFY' (Brain network based stratification of reinforcement-related disorders) (695313), Human Brain Project (HBP SGA 2, 785907, and HBP SGA 3, 945539), the Medical Research Council Grant 'c-VEDA' (Consortium on Vulnerability to Externalizing Disorders and Addictions) (MR/N000390/1), the National Institutes of Health (NIH) (R01DA049238, A decentralized macro and micro gene-by-environment interaction analysis of substance use behavior and its brain biomarkers), the National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre at South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust and King’s College London, the Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung (BMBF Grant Nos. 01GS08152, 01EV0711, Forschungsnetz AERIAL 01EE1406A, 01EE1406B, Forschungsnetz IMAC-Mind 01GL1745B), the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG Grant Nos. SM 80/7-2, SFB 940, TRR 265, NE 1383/14-1), the Medical Research Foundation and Medical Research Council (Grant Nos. MR/R00465X/1 and MR/S020306/1), and the NIH-funded ENIGMA (Grant Nos. 5U54EB020403-05 and 1R56AG058854-01). Further support was provided by grants from the ANR (ANR-12-SAMA-0004, AAPG2019 – GeBra), the Eranet Neuron (AF12-NEUR0008-01 – WM2NA, and ANR-18-NEUR00002-01 – ADORe), the Fondation de France (00081242), the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (DPA20140629802), the Mission Interministérielle de Lutte-contre-les-Drogues-et-les-Conduites-Addictives (MILDECA), the Assistance-Publique-Hôpitaux-de-Paris and INSERM (interface grant), Paris Sud University IDEX 2012, the Fondation de l’Avenir (grant AP-RM-17-013), the Fédération pour la Recherche sur le Cerveau, the National Institutes of Health, Science Foundation Ireland (16/ERCD/3797), USA (Axon, Testosterone and Mental Health during Adolescence, RO1 MH085772-01A1), and by NIH Consortium grant U54 EB020403, supported by a cross-NIH alliance that funds Big Data to Knowledge Centres of Excellence., Project IMAGEN, Human Brain Project, ANR-12-SAMA-0004,ADODEP,Dépression à l'Adolescence: Structure cérébrale et myélinisation(2012), and ANR-18-NEUR-0002,ADORe,TARGETING ADOLESCENT NEUROCOGNITIVE PROCESSES IN DEPRESSION TO PROMOTE INTERVENTION RESPONSE(2018)

Subjects
Longitudinal study, Adolescent, Cognitive Neuroscience, MESH: Cognition, Major depressive disorder, Logistic regression, Adolescents, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Machine learning, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, Longitudinal Studies, Big Five personality traits, MESH: Longitudinal Studies, Biological Psychiatry, Depression (differential diagnoses), MESH: Adolescent, Depressive Disorder, Major, MESH: Humans, Receiver operating characteristic, business.industry, Depression, 05 social sciences, MESH: Depression / psychology, medicine.disease, Neuroticism, Penalized logistic regression, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Female, Neurology (clinical), MESH: Depressive Disorder, Major* / diagnosis, business, Prediction, MESH: Female, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, [SDV.MHEP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology, Clinical psychology
Abstract

BackgroundAdolescent onset of depression is associated with long-lasting negative consequences. Identifying adolescents at risk for developing depression would enable the monitoring of risk factors and the development of early intervention strategies. Using machine learning to combine several risk factors from multiple modalities might allow prediction of depression onset at the individual level. MethodsA subsample of a multisite longitudinal study in adolescents, the IMAGEN study, was used to predict future (subthreshold) major depressive disorder onset in healthy adolescents. Based on 2-year and 5-year follow-up data, participants were grouped into the following: 1) those developing a diagnosis of major depressive disorder or subthreshold major depressive disorder and 2) healthy control subjects. Baseline measurements of 145 variables from different modalities (clinical, cognitive, environmental, and structural magnetic resonance imaging) at age 14 years were used as input to penalized logistic regression (with different levels of penalization) to predict depression onset in a training dataset (n = 407). The features contributing the highest to the prediction were validated in an independent hold-out sample (three independent IMAGEN sites; n = 137). ResultsThe area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for predicting depression onset ranged between 0.70 and 0.72 in the training dataset. Baseline severity of depressive symptoms, female sex, neuroticism, stressful life events, and surface area of the supramarginal gyrus contributed most to the predictive model and predicted onset of depression, with an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve between 0.68 and 0.72 in the independent validation sample. ConclusionsThis study showed that depression onset in adolescents can be predicted based on a combination multimodal data of clinical characteristics, life events, personality traits, and brain structure variables.

Published
2022

9. Family-focused contextual factors associated with lifestyle patterns in young children from two mother-offspring cohorts: GUSTO and EDEN

Author

Airu Chia, Alexandra Descarpentrie, Rene N. Cheong, Jia Ying Toh, Padmapriya Natarajan, Ray Sugianto, Shirong Cai, Cécilia Saldanha-Gomes, Patricia Dargent-Molina, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Sabine Plancoulaine, Carla Lança, Seang Mei Saw, Keith M. Godfrey, Lynette P. Shek, Kok Hian Tan, Marie-Aline Charles, Yap Seng Chong, Barbara Heude, Johan G. Eriksson, Falk Müller-Riemenschneider, Sandrine Lioret, Mary F.-F. Chong, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Clinicum, Research Programs Unit, Johan Eriksson / Principal Investigator, Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health [Singapore, Singapore], National University of Singapore (NUS), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences [Singapour] (SICS), Singapore Eye Research Institute [Singapore] (SERI), NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine [Singapore], KK Women's and Children's Hospital [Singapore], This research is supported by the Paris‐NUS grant (ANR‐18‐IDEX‐0001).The EDEN study is supported by Foundation for Medical Research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO‐A), and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris‐Sud University, Nestlé, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS.), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), the European Union FP7 programmes (FP7/2007–2013, HELIX, ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects), Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaborationwith the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Agency for Environmental Health Safety (now ANSES), Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French National Agency for Food Security, French‐speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (ALFEDIAM).The GUSTO study is supported by the Singapore National Research Founda‐ tion under its Translational and Clinical Research Flagship Programme and administered by the Singapore Ministry of Health’s National Medical Research Council, Singapore ‐ NMRC/TCR/004‐NUS/2008, NMRC/TCR/012‐NUHS/2014. Additional funding is provided by the Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore. KMG is supported by the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12011/4), the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR Senior Investigator (NF‐SI‐0515‐10042) and NIHR South‐ ampton Biomedical Research Centre (IS‐BRC‐1215‐20004)), the European Union (Erasmus+ Programme ImpENSA 598488‐EPP‐1‐2018‐1‐DE‐EPPKA2‐ CBHE‐JP) and the British Heart Foundation (RG/15/17/3174). The funders had no role in the design of the study and collection, analysis, and interpretation of data and in writing the manuscript., and ANR-18-IDEX-0001,Université de Paris,Université de Paris(2018)

Subjects
Male, QUESTIONNAIRE, Mothers, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Pregnancy, FOOD, Humans, Hierarchical analysis, VALIDITY, Child, Life Style, Nutrition and Dietetics, Physical activity, Preschool children, 1184 Genetics, developmental biology, physiology, Feeding Behavior, ADULTS, Screen time, Diet, DIETARY PATTERNS, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Lifestyle patterns, Child, Preschool, OBESITY, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, Female, Television, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Family ecological model, Snacks, 3143 Nutrition, TRANSITION
Abstract

Background Integrated patterns of energy balance-related behaviours of preschool children in Asia are sparse, with few comparative analyses. Purpose Using cohorts in Singapore (GUSTO) and France (EDEN), we characterized lifestyle patterns of children and investigated their associations with family-focused contextual factors. Methods Ten behavioural variables related to child’s diet, walking, outdoor play and screen time were ascertained by parental questionnaires at age 5–6 years. Using principal component analysis, sex-specific lifestyle patterns were derived independently for 630 GUSTO and 989 EDEN children. Contextual variables were organised into distal (family socio-economics, demographics), intermediate (parental health, lifestyle habits) and proximal (parent-child interaction factors) levels of influence and analysed with hierarchical linear regression. Results Three broadly similar lifestyle patterns were identified in both cohorts: “discretionary consumption and high screen time”, “fruit, vegetables, and low screen time” and “high outdoor playtime and walking”. The latter two patterns showed small differences between cohorts and sexes. The “discretionary consumption and high screen time” pattern was consistently similar in both cohorts; distal associated factors were lower maternal education (EDEN boys), no younger siblings (GUSTO boys) and Malay/Indian ethnicity (GUSTO), while intermediate and proximal associated factors in both cohorts and sexes were poor maternal diets during pregnancy, parents allowing high child control over food intake, snacking between meals and having television on while eating. Conclusions Three similar lifestyle patterns were observed among preschool children in Singapore and France. There were more common associated proximal factors than distal ones. Cohort specific family-focused contextual factors likely reflect differences in social and cultural settings. Findings will aid development of strategies to improve child health.

Published
2022

10. Urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children from four European birth cohorts

Author

Marina Vafeiadi, Raquel Soler-Blasco, Mariza Kampouri, Mònica Guxens, Martine Vrijheid, Johanna Lepeule, Llúcia González-Safont, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark Mon-Williams, John Wright, Rosie McEachan, Anne-Claire Binter, Claire Philippat, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Jordi Sunyer, Loreto Santa-Marina, Leda Chatzi, Lucia Alonso, Ainara Andiarena, Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), University of South-Eastern Norway (USN), University of the Basque Country/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea (UPV/EHU), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Jaume I, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana [Espagne] (FISABIO), University of Bradford, University of Southern California (USC), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), This work was supported by funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007–206 n◦308333, the HELIX project]. This INMA cohort was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red INMA G03/176, CB06/02/0041, PI041436, PI081151 incl. FEDER funds, FIS PI06/0867, FIS-PI09/00090, FIS and FIS-PI18/01142 incl. FEDER funds, FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI16/00118 and PI17/00663, FIS-FSE: 17/00260, Miguel Servet-FEDER CP11/00178, CP15/00025, CPII16/00051, and CPII18/00018), from UE (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957, HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1, and H2020 n◦824989), Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241, Fundació La marató de TV3 (090430), Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249), Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017, CIBERESP, Department of Health of the Basque Government (2013111089, 2009111069, 2013111089, 2015111065 and 2018111086), Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001, DFG15/221 and DFG 89/17) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu , Legazpi, Azkoitia y Azpeitia y Beasain). We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the State Research Agency through the 'Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023' Program (CEX2018-000806-S), and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. The work was also supported by MICINN [MTM2015-68140- R] and Centro Nacional de Genotipado- CEGEN- PRB2- ISCIII (Spain). The Rhea project was financially supported by European projects, and the Greek Ministry of Health (Program of Prevention of obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders in preschool children, in Heraklion district, Crete, Greece: 2011–2014, 'Rhea Plus': Primary Prevention Program of Environmental Risk Factors for Reproductive Health, and Child Health: 2012–15). This paper presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Collaboration for Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for Yorkshire and Humber (UK). The EDEN study was supported by Foundation for medical research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestlé, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), the European Union FP7 programs (ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects), Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Agency for Environmental Health Safety and French National Agency for Food Security (now ANSES), Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM). Core support for Born in Bradford is also provided by the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA, UK). Born in Bradford (BiB) is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the children and parents in BiB. We are grateful to all the participants, health professionals, schools and researchers who have made BiB happen. BiB receives funding from the ESRC/MRC, the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA) and the National Institute for Health Research Yorkshire and Humber ARC (reference: NIHR20016). M. Mon-Williams was supported by a Fellowship from the Alan Turing Institute. Additional funding from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science supported Dr Chatzi (R01ES030691, R01ES029944, R01ES030364, R21ES029681, and P30ES007048). The views expressed are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the NHS or the NIHR. None of the funders were involved in designing the study, collecting the data, analyzing or interpreting the data, deciding to submit the article for publication, or the writing of the report., HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences [Singapour] (SICS), Bradford Institute for Health Research [Bradford, UK], Bradford Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust [Bradford, UK] (BTHFT), University of Leeds, Universitat de València (UV), Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Binter, Anne-Claire, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry / Psychology, Erasmus MC other, European Commission, Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), and Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université d'Angers (UA)

Subjects
Urban environment, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Cognition, Pregnancy, Cognició en els infants, 11. Sustainability, GE1-350, 030212 general & internal medicine, Children, Motor skill, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Desenvolupament urbà, General Environmental Science, SDG 15 - Life on Land, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Air Pollutants, 4. Education, motor function, Cohort, cohort, SDG 11 - Sustainable Cities and Communities, 3. Good health, Child, Preschool, Birth Cohort, Female, Cognitive function, Psychology, Population, Gross motor skill, 03 medical and health sciences, children, Urban planning, Air Pollution, medicine, Humans, education, Motor function, cognitive function, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Environmental Exposure, medicine.disease, urban environment, Confidence interval, Environmental sciences, Spain, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Particulate Matter, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Demography
Abstract

[EN]Background: The urban environment may influence neurodevelopment from conception onwards, but there is no evaluation of the impact of multiple groups of exposures simultaneously. We investigated the association between early-life urban environment and cognitive and motor function in children. Methods: We used data from 5403 mother-child pairs from four population-based birth-cohorts (UK, France, Spain, and Greece). We estimated thirteen urban home exposures during pregnancy and childhood, including: built environment, natural spaces, and air pollution. Verbal, non-verbal, gross motor, and fine motor functions were assessed using validated tests at five years old. We ran adjusted multi-exposure models using the Deletion-Substitution-Addition algorithm. Results: Higher greenness exposure within 300 m during pregnancy was associated with higher verbal abilities (1.5 points (95% confidence interval 0.4, 2.7) per 0.20 unit increase in greenness). Higher connectivity density within 100 m and land use diversity during pregnancy were related to lower verbal abilities. Childhood exposure to PM2.5 mediated 74% of the association between greenness during childhood and verbal abilities. Higher exposure to PM2.5 during pregnancy was related to lower fine motor function (-1.2 points (-2.1, -0.4) per 3.2 mu g/m3 increase in PM2.5). No associations were found with non-verbal abilities and gross motor function. Discussion: This study suggests that built environment, greenness, and air pollution may impact child cognitive and motor function at five years old. This study adds evidence that well-designed urban planning may benefit children's cognitive and motor development. Acknowledgements We are grateful to all the participating children, parents, practi-tioners and researchers in the four countries who took part in this study. This work was supported by funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme [FP7/2007-206 n 308333; the HELIX project] . This INMA cohort was funded by grants from Instituto de Salud Carlos III (Red INMA G03/176; CB06/02/0041; PI041436; PI081151 incl. FEDER funds, FIS PI06/0867, FIS-PI09/00090, FIS and FIS-PI18/01142 incl. FEDER funds, FIS-FEDER: PI03/1615, PI04/1509, PI04/1112, PI04/1931, PI05/1079, PI05/1052, PI06/1213, PI07/0314, PI09/02647, PI11/01007, PI11/02591, PI11/02038, PI13/1944, PI13/2032, PI14/00891, PI14/01687, PI16/1288, PI16/00118 and PI17/00663; FIS-FSE: 17/00260; Miguel Servet-FEDER CP11/00178, CP15/00025, CPII16/00051, and CPII18/00018) , from UE (FP7-ENV-2011 cod 282957, HEALTH.2010.2.4.5-1, and H2020 n 824989) , Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT 1999SGR 00241, Fundacio La marato de TV3 (090430) , Generalitat Valenciana: FISABIO (UGP 15-230, UGP-15-244, and UGP-15-249) , Alicia Koplowitz Foundation 2017, CIBERESP, Department of Health of the Basque Government (2013111089, 2009111069, 2013111089, 2015111065 and 2018111086) , Provincial Government of Gipuzkoa (DFG06/002, DFG08/001, DFG15/221 and DFG 89/17) and annual agreements with the municipalities of the study area (Zumarraga, Urretxu , Legazpi, Azkoitia y Azpeitia y Beasain) . We acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Inno-vation and the State Research Agency through the "Centro de Excelencia Severo Ochoa 2019-2023" Program (CEX2018-000806-S) , and support from the Generalitat de Catalunya through the CERCA Program. The work was also supported by MICINN [MTM2015-68140-R] and Centro Nacional de Genotipado-CEGEN-PRB2-ISCIII (Spain) . The Rhea project was financially supported by European projects, and the Greek Ministry of Health (Program of Prevention of obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders in preschool children, in Heraklion district, Crete, Greece: 2011-2014; "Rhea Plus": Primary Prevention Program of Environmental Risk Factors for Reproductive Health, and Child Health: 2012-15) . This paper presents independent research funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Collaboration for Applied Health Research and Care (CLAHRC) for Yorkshire and Humber (UK) . The EDEN study was supported by Foundation for medical research (FRM) , National Agency for Research (ANR) , National Institute for Research inPublic health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante 2008 program) , French Min-istry of Health (DGS) , French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A) , and Human Nutrition Na-tional Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestle, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS) , French National Institute for Health Education (INPES) , the European Union FP7 pro-grams (ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects) , Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD) ) , French Agency for Environmental Health Safety and French National Agency for Food Security (now ANSES) , Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN) , French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM) . Core support for Born in Bradford is also provided by the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA, UK) . Born in Bradford (BiB) is only possible because of the enthusiasm and commitment of the children and parents in BiB. We are grateful to all the participants, health professionals, schools and researchers who have made BiB happen. BiB receives funding from the ESRC/MRC, the Wellcome Trust (WT101597MA) and the National Institute for Health Research York-shire and Humber ARC (reference: NIHR20016) . M. Mon-Williams was supported by a Fellowship from the Alan Turing Institute. Additional funding from the National Institute of Environmental Health Science supported Dr Chatzi (R01ES030691, R01ES029944, R01ES030364, R21ES029681, and P30ES007048) . The views expressed are those of the authors, and not necessarily those of the NHS or the NIHR. None of the funders were involved in designing the study, collecting the data, analyzing or interpreting the data, deciding to submit the article for publication, or the writing of the report. Data sharing statement The HELIX data warehouse has been established as an accessible resource for collaborative research involving researchers external to the project. Access to HELIX data is based on approval by the HELIX Project Executive Committee and by the individual cohorts. Further details on the content of the data warehouse (data catalogue) and procedures for external access are described on the project website (http:// www.proj-ecthelix.eu/index.php/es/data-inventory) .

Published
2022

11. Association between dietary patterns reflecting one-carbon metabolism nutrients intake before pregnancy and placental DNA methylation

Author

Anne Forhan, Matthew Suderman, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Marie-Aline Charles, Marion Lecorguillé, Johanna Lepeule, Jörg Tost, Barbara Heude, Sandrine Lioret, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Institut de Biologie François JACOB (JACOB), Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), University of Bristol [Bristol], The EDEN study was supported by Foundation for Medical Research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestlé, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), the European Union FP7 programs (FP7/2007–2013, HELIX, ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects), Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients), French Agency for Environmental Health Safety (now ANSES), Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale, a complementary health insurance, French national agency for food security, and French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM). The placental DNA measurements were funded by the Fondation de France (grant 2012-00031617 - 2012-00031593) and the ANR (ANR-13-CESA-0011-05). The scientific mobility of M Lecorguillé into the MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit for a 4-month research stay was possible in part because of funding from the ALPHABET project. This latter project was supported by an award from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the ERA-Net Cofund of the Joint Programming Initiative Healthy Diet for Healthy Life (JPI-HDHL) (http://www.healthydietforhealthylife.eu) (action no. 696295, Biomarkers for Nutrition and Health). M Lecorguillé received a doctoral mobility grant from the Public Health Doctoral Network from the EHESP (School for Higher Studies in Public Health) and the University of Paris Descartes., Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Lecorguillé, Marion

Subjects
Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Placenta, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], dietary patterns, Biology, methyl-donors, global DNA methylation, Epigenesis, Genetic, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Eating, pre-conception period, 0302 clinical medicine, Betaine, Nutrient, Pregnancy, Internal medicine, medicine, Choline, Humans, maternal diet, Epigenetics, Micronutrients, placental DNA methylation, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, 0303 health sciences, Methionine, epigenetics, birth cohort, Nutrients, DNA Methylation, Micronutrient, epigenome-wide association study, Carbon, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], B vitamins, Endocrinology, chemistry, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, DNA methylation, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Research Paper
Abstract

International audience; Background: The preconception period represents an important window for fetal and epigenetic programming. Some micronutrients (B vitamins, choline, betaine, methionine) implicated in one-carbon metabolism (OCM) are essential for major epigenetic processes that take place in early pregnancy. However, few studies have evaluated the implication of the micronutrients in placental DNA methylation.Objective: We investigated whether intake of OCM nutrients in the year before pregnancy was associated with placental DNA methylation in the EDEN mother–child cohort.Design: Maternal dietary intake was assessed with a food-frequency questionnaire. Three dietary patterns, “varied and balanced diet”, “vegetarian tendency”, and “bread and starchy food”, were used to characterize maternal OCM dietary intake. The Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip was used to measure placental DNA methylation of 573 women included in the analyses. We evaluated the association of dietary patterns with global DNA methylation. Then, we conducted an agnostic epigenome-wide association study (EWAS) and investigated differentially methylated regions (DMRs) associated with each dietary pattern. Results: We found no significant association between the three dietary patterns and global DNA methylation or individual CpG sites. DMR analyses highlighted associations between the “varied and balanced” or “vegetarian tendency” pattern and DMRs located at genes previously implicated in functions essential for embryonic development, such as neurodevelopment. The “bread and starchy food” pattern was associated with regions related to genes whose functions involve various metabolic and cell synthesis-related processes.Conclusions: In mainly well-nourished French women without major deficiencies, OCM intake before pregnancy was not associated with major variation in DNA methylation.

Published
2022
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12. Temporal alterations to central auditory processing without synaptopathy after lifetime exposure to environmental noise

Author

Florian Hasselmann, Boris Gourévitch, Florian Occelli, Jean-Luc Puel, Nathalie Desvignes, Jean-Marc Edeline, Jérôme Bourien, Bernadette Wiszniowski, Institut des Neurosciences Paris-Saclay (NeuroPSI), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier - Déficits sensoriels et moteurs (INM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Institut de l'Audition [Paris] (IDA), Institut Pasteur [Paris]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) (ANR-15-CE37-0007 to B.G.) and (ANR-14-CE30-0019 to J-M.E.), from the Fondation pour l’Audition (FPA-IDA03 to B.G.), the 'Attractivité' program of Paris-Sud University (2012) (to B.G.), the Hearing Prosthetist Group 'Entendre' (R12090FF to F.H.)., ANR-15-CE37-0007,DAILYNOISE,Effets à long-terme d'un environnement bruyant sur les performances auditives(2015), ANR-14-CE30-0019,HEART,Ecouter le temps(2014), Institut des Neurosciences de Montpellier (INM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Edeline, Jean-Marc, Effets à long-terme d'un environnement bruyant sur les performances auditives - - DAILYNOISE2015 - ANR-15-CE37-0007 - AAPG2015 - VALID, and Appel à projets générique - Ecouter le temps - - HEART2014 - ANR-14-CE30-0019 - Appel à projets générique - VALID

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, Hearing loss, Cognitive Neuroscience, Audiology, Auditory cortex, 03 medical and health sciences, Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience, [SCCO]Cognitive science, 0302 clinical medicine, Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem, medicine, Animals, Humans, Auditory system, auditory cortex, [SDV.NEU] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Environmental noise, 030304 developmental biology, 0303 health sciences, synaptic ribbons, medicine.diagnostic_test, business.industry, auditory brainstem response, Auditory Threshold, behavioral task, [SCCO] Cognitive science, Sound intensity, Cochlea, Rats, Noise, medicine.anatomical_structure, Auditory brainstem response, Hearing Loss, Noise-Induced, Auditory Perception, passive noise exposure, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], medicine.symptom, Audiometry, business, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

People are increasingly exposed to environmental noise through the cumulation of occupational and recreational activities, which is considered harmless to the auditory system, if the sound intensity remains

Published
2021

13. Short- and medium-term air pollution exposure, plasmatic protein levels and blood pressure in children

Author

Paula de Prado-Bert, Charline Warembourg, Audrius Dedele, Barbara Heude, Eva Borràs, Eduard Sabidó, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Johanna Lepeule, John Wright, Jose Urquiza, Kristine B. Gützkow, Léa Maitre, Leda Chatzi, Maribel Casas, Marina Vafeiadi, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, Montserrat de Castro, Regina Grazuleviciene, Rosemary R.C. McEachan, Xavier Basagaña, Martine Vrijheid, Jordi Sunyer, Mariona Bustamante, Instituto de Salud Global - Institute For Global Health [Barcelona] (ISGlobal), CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona] (UPF), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Vytautas Magnus University - Vytauto Didziojo Universitetas (VDU), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Norwegian Institute of Public Health [Oslo] (NIPH), Institute for Advanced Biosciences / Institut pour l'Avancée des Biosciences (Grenoble) (IAB), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble] (CHU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Etablissement français du sang - Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes (EFS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), University of Bradford, University of Crete [Heraklion] (UOC), Keck School of Medicine [Los Angeles], University of Southern California (USC), The study received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–206) (grant agreement no 308333) (HELIX project), the H2020-EU.3.1.2. - Preventing Disease Programme (grant agreement no 874583) (ATHLETE project) and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant Agreement number: 733206) (Early Life stressors and Lifecycle Health (LIFECYCLE)). BiB received funding from the Welcome Trust (WT101597MA), from the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and Economic and Social Science Research Council (ESRC) (MR/N024397/1), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Applied Research Collaboration for Yorkshire and Humber. The EDEN study was supported by Foundation for medical research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestlé, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), the European Union FP7 programmes (FP7/2007–2013, HELIX, ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects), Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Agency for Environmental Health Safety (now ANSES), Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French national agency for food security, French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM). INMA was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERESP, and the Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT. KANC was funded by the grant of the Lithuanian Agency for Science Innovation and Technology (6-04-2014_31V-66). The Norwegian Mother, Father and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Care Services and the Ministry of Education and Research. The Rhea project was financially supported by European projects (EU FP6-2003-Food-3-NewGeneris, EU FP6. STREP Hiwate, EU FP7 ENV. 2007.1.2.2.2. Project No 211250 Escape, EU FP7-2008-ENV-1.2.1.4 Envirogenomarkers, EU FP7-HEALTH-2009- single stage CHICOS, EU FP7 ENV. 2008.1.2.1.6. Proposal No 226285 ENRIECO, EU- FP7- HEALTH-2012 Proposal No 308333 HELIX), and the Greek Ministry of Health (Program of Prevention of obesity and neurodevelopmental disorders in preschool children, in Heraklion district, Crete, Greece: 2011–2014, and 'Rhea Plus': Primary Prevention Program of Environmental Risk Factors for Reproductive Health, and Child Health: 2012–15). MC received funding from Instituto Carlos III (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) (CD12/00563 and MS16/00128). JU is supported by Spanish regional program PERIS (Ref.: SLT017/20/000119) Granted by Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya. The CRG/UPF Proteomics Unit is part of the Spanish Infrastructure for Omics Technologies (ICTS OmicsTech) and it is member of the ProteoRed PRB3 consortium which is supported by grant PT17/0019 of the PE I + D + i 2013–2016 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII). Before the start of HELIX, all six cohorts had undergone the required evaluation by national ethics committees and obtained all the required permissions for their cohort recruitment and follow-up visits. The work in HELIX was covered by new ethic approvals in each country and at enrolment in the new follow-up, participants were asked to sign a new informed consent form.

Subjects
Plasmatic proteins, Air Pollutants, Short-term effects, Aire -- Contaminació, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Nitrogen Dioxide, Blood Pressure, Environmental Exposure, Environment, Pressió sanguínia, Childhood, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Biochemistry, Air Pollution, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Particulate Matter, Child, Infants, Proteïnes, General Environmental Science
Abstract

Exposure to air pollution influences children's health, however, the biological mechanisms underlying these effects are not completely elucidated. We investigated the association between short- and medium-term outdoor air pollution exposure with protein profiles and their link with blood pressure in 1170 HELIX children aged 6-11 years. Different air pollutants (NO2, PM10, PM2.5, and PM2.5abs) were estimated based on residential and school addresses at three different windows of exposure (1-day, 1-week, and 1-year before clinical and molecular assessment). Thirty-six proteins, including adipokines, cytokines, or apolipoproteins, were measured in children's plasma using Luminex. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) were measured following a standardized protocol. We performed an association study for each air pollutant at each location and time window and each outcome, adjusting for potential confounders. After correcting for multiple-testing, hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and interleukin 8 (IL8) levels were positively associated with 1-week home exposure to some of the pollutants (NO2, PM10, or PM2.5). NO2 1-week home exposure was also related to higher SBP. The mediation study suggested that HGF could explain 19% of the short-term effect of NO2 on blood pressure, but other study designs are needed to prove the causal directionality between HGF and blood pressure. The study received funding from the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007–206) (grant agreement no 308333) (HELIX project), the H2020-EU.3.1.2. - Preventing Disease Programme (grant agreement no 874583) (ATHLETE project) and from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant Agreement number: 733206) (Early Life stressors and Lifecycle Health (LIFECYCLE)). BiB received funding from the Welcome Trust (WT101597MA), from the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and Economic and Social Science Research Council (ESRC) (MR/N024397/ 1). The study was supported by the European Union FP7 programmes (FP7/ 2007–2013, HELIX, ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects). INMA was supported by grants from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III, CIBERESP, and the Generalitat de Catalunya-CIRIT. KANC was funded by the grant of the Lithuanian Agency for Science Innovation and Technology (6-04-2014_31V-66). The Rhea project was financially supported by European projects (EU FP6-2003-Food-3-NewGeneris, EU FP6. STREP Hiwate, EU FP7 ENV. 2007.1.2.2.2. Project No 211250 Escape, EU FP7- 2008-ENV-1.2.1.4 Envirogenomarkers, EU FP7-HEALTH-2009- single stage CHICOS, EU FP7 ENV. 2008.1.2.1.6. Proposal No 226285 ENRIECO, EU- FP7- HEALTH-2012 Proposal No 308333 HELIX). MC received funding from Instituto Carlos III (Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness) (CD12/00563 and MS16/00128). JU is supported by Spanish regional program PERIS (Ref.: SLT017/20/ 000119) Granted by Departament de Salut de la Generalitat de Catalunya. The CRG/UPF Proteomics Unit is part of the Spanish Infrastructure for Omics Technologies (ICTS OmicsTech) and it is member of the ProteoRed PRB3 consortium which is supported by grant PT17/0019 of the PE I + D + i 2013–2016 from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII)

Published
2022

14. Associations between maternal eating behaviors and feeding practices in toddlerhood

Author

Claire Guivarch, Marie-Aline Charles, Anne Forhan, Barbara Heude, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), The EDEN study is supported by Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients [AFD]), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris‐Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN), French-speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non‐thematic programme), and National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR 2008 cohort in health programme)., and de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine

Subjects
Male, Eating behaviors, Nutrition and Dietetics, toddlerhood, Parenting, Child Behavior, Mothers, birth cohort, feeding practices, Feeding Behavior, Body Mass Index, Eating, Cross-Sectional Studies, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Surveys and Questionnaires, Humans, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, Child, Maternal Behavior, coercive practices, General Psychology
Abstract

International audience; Few studies have examined the associations between parents' own eating behaviors and their feeding practices. We aimed to study the associations between maternal eating behaviors and feeding practices in toddlerhood. In this cross-sectional analysis, maternal eating behaviors and feeding practices were assessed at 2-year follow-up by using the Three-Factor Eating Questionnaire (TFEQ-R21) and the Comprehensive Feeding Practices Questionnaire (CFPQ), respectively, among mothers of 1322 children from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Depending on their distributions, scores from the two questionnaires were considered continuous or binary variables, according to the median. Linear or logistic regression models were used as appropriate to assess the associations between maternal eating behaviors, considered simultaneously in a combined model, and their feeding practices. Maternal cognitive restraint was positively associated with maternal restriction for health and restriction for weight. Maternal uncontrolled eating was positively associated with pressure to eat and use of food to regulate the child's emotions. Maternal uncontrolled eating was also negatively associated with restriction for weight, but only among boys. This study supports that mothers' own eating behaviors are associated with their feeding practices in toddlerhood. Further studies are needed to understand the role of parental feeding practices in the familial transmission of eating behavior.

Published
2022

15. Influence du microbiote sur la douleur

Author

Manon Defaye, Christophe Altier, J.-Y. Berthon, Denis Ardid, Edith Filaire, S. Gervason, F.A. Carvalho, Neuro-Dol (Neuro-Dol), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA), University of Calgary, GREENTECH, and University paris sud- University of Orléans (Laboratory of Complexity Innovation and Motor and Sport Activities (EA 4532))

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV.NEU.NB]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Neurobiology, [SDV.SP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences, [SDV.MP.BAC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Bacteriology, 3. Good health, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, 0302 clinical medicine, Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, [SDV.MP]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology, [SDV.SP.PHARMA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Pharmaceutical sciences/Pharmacology, 030211 gastroenterology & hepatology, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]
Abstract

International audience; An increasing number of studies indicates the central role played by the intestinal microbiota on the peripheral and central nervous system. Indeed, it has been shown that not only bacterial-derived products can influence the perception of pain, but also perturbations in microbiota (or dysbiosis) are often associated with intestinal or extra-intestinal pathologies such as neurodegenerative or developmental disorders. In this review, we present the preclinical and clinical studies highlighting the impact of the microbiota on the perception of pain in different pathological contexts.We discuss the cellular and molecular mechanisms by which intestinal microbiota modulate “pain-sensing” sensory neurons at the periphery, and the overall impact of the brain/gut/microbiota axis in the control of aversive painful behaviors and neurological disorders. Finally, we discuss the direct host/microbiota interaction which involves the activation of nociceptors by microbeassociated molecular patterns (MAMPs). Thus, new studies on the interaction between the microbiota and the nervous system should lead to the identification of microbial ligands and drugs targeting host receptors, which could ultimately improve the management of chronic pain and “well-being”.; De plus en plus d’études indiquent que le microbiote intestinal pourrait jouer un rôle important sur les fonctions du système nerveux en modulant l’activité des cellules nerveuses. Il a été montré que les produits dérivés des bactéries peuvent influencer la perception de la douleur. De plus, des perturbations du microbiote (ou dysbiose) sont souvent associées à des pathologies intestinales ou extraintestinales comme des désordres neurodégénératifs ou des troubles développementaux. Cette revue présente les études précliniques et cliniques mettant en évidence un impact du microbiote sur la perception de la douleur dans différents contextes pathologiques. Le lien entre le microbiote et l’activation des neurones est discuté au travers de l’interaction directe hôte–microbiote qui implique l’activation des nocicepteurs par les composés ou métabolites microbiens. De nouvelles études sur l’interaction entre le microbiote et le système nerveux devraient conduire à l’identification de nouveaux ligands microbiens et de médicaments ciblant les récepteurs de l’hôte, qui pourraient à terme améliorer la gestion de la douleur chronique et le « bien-être ».

Published
2021

16. A case-only study to identify genetic modifiers of breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers

Author

Coignard, Juliette, Lush, Michael, Beesley, Jonathan, O’Mara, Tracy A., Dennis, Joe, Tyrer, Jonathan P., Barnes, Daniel R., McGuffog, Lesley, Leslie, Goska, Bolla, Manjeet K., Adank, Muriel A., Agata, Simona, Ahearn, Thomas, Aittomäki, Kristiina, Andrulis, Irene L., Anton-Culver, Hoda, Arndt, Volker, Arnold, Norbert, Aronson, Kristan J., Arun, Banu K., Augustinsson, Annelie, Azzollini, Jacopo, Barrowdale, Daniel, Baynes, Caroline, Becher, Heko, Bermisheva, Marina, Bernstein, Leslie, Białkowska, Katarzyna, Blomqvist, Carl, Bojesen, Stig E., Bonanni, Bernardo, Borg, Ake, Brauch, Hiltrud, Brenner, Hermann, Burwinkel, Barbara, Buys, Saundra S., Caldés, Trinidad, Caligo, Maria A., Campa, Daniele, Carter, Brian D., Castelao, Jose E., Chang-Claude, Jenny, Chanock, Stephen J., Chung, Wendy K., Claes, Kathleen B. M., Clarke, Christine L., Bertrand, Ophélie, Caputo, Sandrine, Dupré, Anaïs, le Mentec, Marine, Belotti, Muriel, Birot, Anne-Marie, Buecher, Bruno, Fourme, Emmanuelle, Gauthier-Villars, Marion, Golmard, Lisa, Houdayer, Claude, Moncoutier, Virginie, de Pauw, Antoine, Saule, Claire, Sinilnikova, Olga, Mazoyer, Sylvie, Damiola, Francesca, Barjhoux, Laure, Verny-Pierre, Carole, Léone, M. lanie, Boutry-Kryza, Nadia, Calender, Alain, Giraud, Sophie, Caron, Olivier, Guillaud-Bataille, Marine, Bressac-de-Paillerets, Brigitte, Bignon, Yves- Jean, Uhrhammer, Nancy, Lasset, Christine, Bonadona, Valérie, Berthet, Pascaline, Vaur, Dominique, Castera, Laurent, Noguchi, Tetsuro, Popovici, Cornel, Sobol, Hagay, Bourdon, Violaine, Remenieras, Audrey, Noguès, Catherine, Coupier, Isabelle, Pujol, Pascal, Dumont, Aurélie, Révillion, Françoise, Adenis, Claude, Muller, Danièle, Barouk-Simonet, Emmanuelle, Bonnet, Françoise, Bubien, Virginie, Sevenet, Nicolas, Longy, Michel, Toulas, Christine, Guimbaud, Rosine, Gladieff, Laurence, Feillel, Viviane, Leroux, Dominique, Dreyfus, H. lène, Rebischung, Christine, Peysselon, Magalie, Coron, Fanny, Faivre, Laurence, Baurand, Amandine, Jacquot, Caroline, Bertolone, Geoffrey, Lizard, Sarab, Prieur, Fabienne, Lebrun, Marine, Kientz, Caroline, Ferrer, Sandra Fert, Mari, V. ronique, Vénat-Bouvet, Laurence, Delnatte, Capucine, Bézieau, Stéphane, Mortemousque, Isabelle, Coulet, Florence, Colas, Chrystelle, Soubrier, Florent, Warcoin, Mathilde, Sokolowska, Johanna, Bronner, Myriam, Collonge-Rame, Marie-Agnès, Damette, Alexandre, Gesta, Paul, Lallaoui, Hakima, Chiesa, Jean, Molina-Gomes, Denise, Ingster, Olivier, Gregory, Helen, Miedzybrodzka, Zosia, Morrison, Patrick J., Ong, Kai-ren, Donaldson, Alan, Rogers, Mark T., Kennedy, M. John, Porteous, Mary E., Brewer, Carole, Davidson, Rosemarie, Izatt, Louise, Brady, Angela, Barwell, Julian, Adlard, Julian, Foo, Claire, Lalloo, Fiona, Side, Lucy E., Eason, Jacqueline, Henderson, Alex, Walker, Lisa, Eeles, Rosalind A., Cook, Jackie, Snape, Katie, Eccles, Diana, Murray, Alex, McCann, Emma, Collée, J. Margriet, Conroy, Don M., Czene, Kamila, Daly, Mary B., Devilee, Peter, Diez, Orland, Ding, Yuan Chun, Domchek, Susan M., Dörk, Thilo, dos-Santos-Silva, Isabel, Dunning, Alison M., Dwek, Miriam, Eccles, Diana M., Eliassen, A. Heather, Engel, Christoph, Eriksson, Mikael, Evans, D. Gareth, Fasching, Peter A., Flyger, Henrik, Fostira, Florentia, Friedman, Eitan, Fritschi, Lin, Frost, Debra, Gago-Dominguez, Manuela, Gapstur, Susan M., Garber, Judy, Garcia-Barberan, Vanesa, García-Closas, Montserrat, García-Sáenz, José A., Gaudet, Mia M., Gayther, Simon A., Gehrig, Andrea, Georgoulias, Vassilios, Giles, Graham G., Godwin, Andrew K., Goldberg, Mark S., Goldgar, David E., González-Neira, Anna, Greene, Mark H., Guénel, Pascal, Haeberle, Lothar, Hahnen, Eric, Haiman, Christopher A., Håkansson, Niclas, Hall, Per, Hamann, Ute, Harrington, Patricia A., Hart, Steven N., He, Wei, Hogervorst, Frans B. L., Hollestelle, Antoinette, Hopper, John L., Horcasitas, Darling J., Hulick, Peter J., Hunter, David J., Imyanitov, Evgeny N., Fox, Stephen, Campbell, Ian, Spurdle, Amanda, Webb, Penny, de Fazio, Anna, Tassell, Margaret, Kirk, Judy, Lindeman, Geoff, Price, Melanie, Southey, Melissa, Milne, Roger, Deb, Sid, Bowtell, David, van der Hout, Annemieke H., van den Ouweland, Ans M. W., Mensenkamp, Arjen R., van Deurzen, Carolien H. M., Kets, Carolien M., Seynaeve, Caroline, van Asperen, Christi J., Aalfs, Cora M., Gómez Garcia, Encarna B., van Leeuwen, Flora E., de Bock, G. H., Meijers-Heijboer, Hanne E. J., Obdeijn, Inge M., Gille, J. J. P., Oosterwijk, Jan C., Wijnen, Juul T., van der Kolk, Lizet E., Hooning, Maartje J., Ausems, Margreet G. E. M., Mourits, Marian J. E., Blok, Marinus J., Rookus, Matti A., van der Luijt, Rob B., van Cronenburg, T. C. T. E. F., van der Pol, Carmen C., Russell, Nicola S., Siesling, Sabine, Overbeek, Lucy, Wijnands, R., de Lange, Judith L., Clarke, Christine, Graham, Dinny, Sachchithananthan, Mythily, Marsh, Deborah, Scott, Rodney, Baxter, Robert, Yip, Desmond, Carpenter, Jane, Davis, Alison, Pathmanathan, Nirmala, Simpson, Peter, Jager, Agnes, Jakubowska, Anna, James, Paul A., Jensen, Uffe Birk, John, Esther M., Jones, Michael E., Kaaks, Rudolf, Kapoor, Pooja Middha, Karlan, Beth Y., Keeman, Renske, Khusnutdinova, Elza, Kiiski, Johanna I., Ko, Yon-Dschun, Kosma, Veli-Matti, Kraft, Peter, Kurian, Allison W., Laitman, Yael, Lambrechts, Diether, le Marchand, Loic, Lester, Jenny, Lesueur, Fabienne, Lindstrom, Tricia, Lopez-Fernández, Adria, Loud, Jennifer T., Luccarini, Craig, Mannermaa, Arto, Manoukian, Siranoush, Margolin, Sara, Martens, John W. M., Mebirouk, Noura, Meindl, Alfons, Miller, Austin, Milne, Roger L., Montagna, Marco, Nathanson, Katherine L., Neuhausen, Susan L., Nevanlinna, Heli, Nielsen, Finn C., O’Brien, Katie M., Olopade, Olufunmilayo I., Olson, Janet E., Olsson, H. kan, Osorio, Ana, Ottini, Laura, Park-Simon, Tjoung-Won, Parsons, Michael T., Pedersen, Inge Sokilde, Peshkin, Beth, Peterlongo, Paolo, Peto, Julian, Pharoah, Paul D. P., Phillips, Kelly-Anne, Polley, Eric C., Poppe, Bruce, Presneau, Nadege, Pujana, Miquel Angel, Punie, Kevin, Radice, Paolo, Rantala, Johanna, Rashid, Muhammad U., Rennert, Gad, Rennert, Hedy S., Robson, Mark, Romero, Atocha, Rossing, Maria, Saloustros, Emmanouil, Sandler, Dale P., Santella, Regina, Scheuner, Maren T., Schmidt, Marjanka K., Schmidt, Gunnar, Scott, Christopher, Sharma, Priyanka, Soucy, Penny, Southey, Melissa C., Spinelli, John J., Steinsnyder, Zoe, Stone, Jennifer, Stoppa-Lyonnet, Dominique, Swerdlow, Anthony, Tamimi, Rulla M., Tapper, William J., Taylor, Jack A., Terry, Mary Beth, Teulé, Alex, Thull, Darcy L., Tischkowitz, Marc, Toland, Amanda E., Torres, Diana, Trainer, Alison H., Truong, Thérèse, Tung, Nadine, Vachon, Celine M., Vega, Ana, Vijai, Joseph, Wang, Qin, Wappenschmidt, Barbara, Weinberg, Clarice R., Weitzel, Jeffrey N., Wendt, Camilla, Wolk, Alicja, Yadav, Siddhartha, Yang, Xiaohong R., Yannoukakos, Drakoulis, Zheng, Wei, Ziogas, Argyrios, Zorn, Kristin K., Park, Sue K., Thomassen, Mads, Offit, Kenneth, Schmutzler, Rita K., Couch, Fergus J., Simard, Jacques, Chenevix-Trench, Georgia, Easton, Douglas F., Andrieu, Nadine, Antoniou, Antonis C., German Cancer Research Center, National Health and Medical Research Council (Australia), United States of Department of Health & Human Services, National Institute for Health Research (Reino Unido), French National Cancer Institute, Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer (Francia), Cancer Research UK (Reino Unido), Unión Europea. Comisión Europea, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, Cancer Council New South Wales (Australia), KWF Kankerbestrijding, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Xunta de Galicia (España), Ministerio de Sanidad, Política Social e Igualdad (España), Helmholtz Association, California Breast Cancer Research Program, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (Alemania), Government of Netherlands, Russian Foundation for Basic Research, O’Mara, Tracy A. [0000-0002-5436-3232], Dennis, Joe [0000-0003-4591-1214], Tyrer, Jonathan P. [0000-0003-3724-4757], Barnes, Daniel R. [0000-0002-3781-7570], Leslie, Goska [0000-0001-5756-6222], Ahearn, Thomas [0000-0003-0771-7752], Andrulis, Irene L. [0000-0002-4226-6435], Arndt, Volker [0000-0001-9320-8684], Azzollini, Jacopo [0000-0002-9364-9778], Barrowdale, Daniel [0000-0003-1661-3939], Becher, Heko [0000-0002-8808-6667], Bernstein, Leslie [0000-0002-7692-6518], Bojesen, Stig E. [0000-0002-4061-4133], Bonanni, Bernardo [0000-0003-3589-2128], Brauch, Hiltrud [0000-0001-7531-2736], Caldés, Trinidad [0000-0002-1038-5392], Chanock, Stephen J. [0000-0002-2324-3393], Chung, Wendy K. [0000-0003-3438-5685], Claes, Kathleen B. M. [0000-0003-0841-7372], Collée, J. Margriet [0000-0002-9272-9346], Devilee, Peter [0000-0002-8023-2009], Dörk, Thilo [0000-0002-9458-0282], Dunning, Alison M. [0000-0001-6651-7166], Dwek, Miriam [0000-0001-7184-2932], Eliassen, A. Heather [0000-0002-3961-6609], Fritschi, Lin [0000-0002-7692-3560], García-Closas, Montserrat [0000-0003-1033-2650], García-Sáenz, José A. [0000-0001-6880-0301], Gayther, Simon A. [0000-0001-7937-5443], Giles, Graham G. [0000-0003-4946-9099], Greene, Mark H. [0000-0003-1852-9239], Guénel, Pascal [0000-0002-8359-518X], Håkansson, Niclas [0000-0001-7673-5554], Hart, Steven N. [0000-0001-7714-2734], He, Wei [0000-0003-0161-3274], Hollestelle, Antoinette [0000-0003-1166-1966], Hulick, Peter J. [0000-0001-8397-4078], Jakubowska, Anna [0000-0002-5650-0501], James, Paul A. [0000-0002-4361-4657], Jensen, Uffe Birk [0000-0002-6205-6355], Jones, Michael E. [0000-0001-7479-3451], Kapoor, Pooja Middha [0000-0001-5503-8215], Keeman, Renske [0000-0002-5452-9933], Kraft, Peter [0000-0002-4472-8103], Kurian, Allison W. [0000-0002-6175-9470], Lambrechts, Diether [0000-0002-3429-302X], Lesueur, Fabienne [0000-0001-7404-4549], Martens, John W. M. [0000-0002-3428-3366], Miller, Austin [0000-0001-9739-8462], Milne, Roger L. [0000-0001-5764-7268], Nathanson, Katherine L. [0000-0002-6740-0901], Nevanlinna, Heli [0000-0002-0916-2976], Olopade, Olufunmilayo I. [0000-0002-9936-1599], Olson, Janet E. [0000-0003-4944-7789], Ottini, Laura [0000-0001-8030-0449], Parsons, Michael T. [0000-0003-3242-8477], Pedersen, Inge Sokilde [0000-0002-9902-8040], Peshkin, Beth [0000-0002-2997-4701], Peterlongo, Paolo [0000-0001-6951-6855], Peto, Julian [0000-0002-1685-8912], Pharoah, Paul D. P. [0000-0001-8494-732X], Punie, Kevin [0000-0002-1162-7963], Radice, Paolo [0000-0001-6298-4111], Rennert, Gad [0000-0002-8512-068X], Robson, Mark [0000-0002-3109-1692], Romero, Atocha [0000-0002-1634-7397], Saloustros, Emmanouil [0000-0002-0485-0120], Sandler, Dale P. [0000-0002-6776-0018], Schmidt, Marjanka K. [0000-0002-2228-429X], Scott, Christopher [0000-0003-1340-0647], Stone, Jennifer [0000-0001-5077-0124], Toland, Amanda E. [0000-0002-0271-1792], Truong, Thérèse [0000-0002-2943-6786], Vachon, Celine M. [0000-0002-1962-9322], Vega, Ana [0000-0002-7416-5137], Vijai, Joseph [0000-0002-7933-151X], Weitzel, Jeffrey N. [0000-0001-6714-092X], Wolk, Alicja [0000-0001-7387-6845], Yadav, Siddhartha [0000-0003-4630-9903], Yannoukakos, Drakoulis [0000-0001-7509-3510], Ziogas, Argyrios [0000-0003-4529-3727], Zorn, Kristin K. [0000-0003-2143-8979], Park, Sue K. [0000-0001-5002-9707], Simard, Jacques [0000-0001-6906-3390], Easton, Douglas F. [0000-0003-2444-3247], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Becher, Heiko [0000-0002-8808-6667], RS: GROW - R4 - Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine, MUMC+: DA KG Polikliniek (9), Klinische Genetica, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia, United States Department of Health & Human Services National Institutes of Health (NIH) - USA, National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Institut National du Cancer (INCA) France, Ligue nationale contre le cancer, Cancer Research UK, European Commision, Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), Cancer Council New South Wales, Accion Estrategica de Salud del Instituto de Salud Carlos III FIS Intrasalud, Xunta de Galicia, Fomento de la Investigacion Clinica Independiente, Ministerio de Sanidad, Servicios Sociales e Igualdad, Spain, Fondo de Investigacion Sanitario, California Breast Cancer Research Fund, Federal Ministry of Education & Research (BMBF), Netherlands Government, Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR), O'Mara, Tracy A [0000-0002-5436-3232], Tyrer, Jonathan P [0000-0003-3724-4757], Barnes, Daniel R [0000-0002-3781-7570], Andrulis, Irene L [0000-0002-4226-6435], Bojesen, Stig E [0000-0002-4061-4133], Chanock, Stephen J [0000-0002-2324-3393], Chung, Wendy K [0000-0003-3438-5685], Claes, Kathleen BM [0000-0003-0841-7372], Collée, J Margriet [0000-0002-9272-9346], Dunning, Alison M [0000-0001-6651-7166], Eliassen, A Heather [0000-0002-3961-6609], García-Sáenz, José A [0000-0001-6880-0301], Gayther, Simon A [0000-0001-7937-5443], Giles, Graham G [0000-0003-4946-9099], Greene, Mark H [0000-0003-1852-9239], Hart, Steven N [0000-0001-7714-2734], Hulick, Peter J [0000-0001-8397-4078], James, Paul A [0000-0002-4361-4657], Jones, Michael E [0000-0001-7479-3451], Kurian, Allison W [0000-0002-6175-9470], Martens, John WM [0000-0002-3428-3366], Milne, Roger L [0000-0001-5764-7268], Nathanson, Katherine L [0000-0002-6740-0901], Olopade, Olufunmilayo I [0000-0002-9936-1599], Olson, Janet E [0000-0003-4944-7789], Parsons, Michael T [0000-0003-3242-8477], Pharoah, Paul DP [0000-0001-8494-732X], Sandler, Dale P [0000-0002-6776-0018], Schmidt, Marjanka K [0000-0002-2228-429X], Toland, Amanda E [0000-0002-0271-1792], Vachon, Celine M [0000-0002-1962-9322], Weitzel, Jeffrey N [0000-0001-6714-092X], Zorn, Kristin K [0000-0003-2143-8979], Park, Sue K [0000-0001-5002-9707], Easton, Douglas F [0000-0003-2444-3247], HUS Comprehensive Cancer Center, Department of Oncology, Clinicum, INDIVIDRUG - Individualized Drug Therapy, HUS Gynecology and Obstetrics, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institut Català de la Salut, [Coignard J] Genetic Epidemiology of Cancer team, Inserm, U900, Paris, France. Institut Curie Paris, Paris, France. Mines ParisTech Fontainebleau, Paris, France. Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. PSL University Paris, Paris, France. Paris Sud University, Orsay, France. [Lush M, Dennis J] Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [Beesley J, O'Mara TA] Department of Genetics and Computational Biology QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia. [Tyrer JP] Centre for Cancer Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Oncology University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK. [Diez O] Oncogenetics Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain. Àrea de Genètica Clínica i Molecular, Vall d’Hebron Hospital Universitari, Barcelona, Spain. [Lopez-Fernández A] High Risk and Cancer Prevention Group, Vall d’Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Barcelona, Spain, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, ​Basic and Translational Research and Imaging Methodology Development in Groningen (BRIDGE), Life Course Epidemiology (LCE), Damage and Repair in Cancer Development and Cancer Treatment (DARE), Targeted Gynaecologic Oncology (TARGON), Human Genetics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Human genetics, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, CCA - Cancer biology and immunology, Clinical Genetics, Medical Oncology, Pathology, and Radiology & Nuclear Medicine

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Linkage disequilibrium, endocrine system diseases, Neoplasms::Neoplasms by Site::Breast Neoplasms [DISEASES], 45/43, General Physics and Astronomy, Genome-wide association study, Linkage Disequilibrium, Breast cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, 3123 Gynaecology and paediatrics, Risk Factors, Genotype, breast neoplasms, Medicine and Health Sciences, 631/208/68, skin and connective tissue diseases, Cancer genetics, adult, alleles, BRCA1 protein, BRCA2 protein, female, genetic predisposition to disease, genome-wide association study, genotype, humans, linkage disequilibrium, middle aged, mutation, quantitative trait loci, risk factors, polymorphism, single nucleotide, HEBON Investigators, Genetics, neoplasias::neoplasias por localización::neoplasias de la mama [ENFERMEDADES], education.field_of_study, Women's cancers Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 17], Multidisciplinary, Otros calificadores::Otros calificadores::/genética [Otros calificadores], BRCA1 Protein, Genetic Predisposition to Disease/genetics, article, Single Nucleotide, Middle Aged, BRCA2 Protein/genetics, 3. Good health, Mama - Càncer - Factors de risc, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Mutation (genetic algorithm), Genome-Wide Association Study/methods, Medical genetics, Female, Medical Genetics, 692/499, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, 45/61, Science, 3122 Cancers, Population, Quantitative Trait Loci, Genetic Phenomena::Genetic Variation::Mutation [PHENOMENA AND PROCESSES], ABCTB Investigators, 631/67/2324, Breast Neoplasms, Biology, Breast Neoplasms/genetics, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Càncer de mama, GEMO Study Collaborators, 03 medical and health sciences, Cancer epidemiology, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, Other subheadings::Other subheadings::/genetics [Other subheadings], medicine, Humans, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Allele, Polymorphism, education, EMBRACE Collaborators, fenómenos genéticos::variación genética::mutación [FENÓMENOS Y PROCESOS], Alleles, Medicinsk genetik, BRCA2 Protein, Mutació (Biologia), General Chemistry, 631/67/1347, Genotype frequency, 030104 developmental biology, Mutation, Mama - Càncer - Aspectes genètics, BRCA1 Protein/genetics, 3111 Biomedicine, KConFab Investigators, Quantitative Trait Loci/genetics, Genètica, Genome-Wide Association Study
Abstract

Breast cancer (BC) risk for BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers varies by genetic and familial factors. About 50 common variants have been shown to modify BC risk for mutation carriers. All but three, were identified in general population studies. Other mutation carrier-specific susceptibility variants may exist but studies of mutation carriers have so far been underpowered. We conduct a novel case-only genome-wide association study comparing genotype frequencies between 60,212 general population BC cases and 13,007 cases with BRCA1 or BRCA2 mutations. We identify robust novel associations for 2 variants with BC for BRCA1 and 3 for BRCA2 mutation carriers, P, Breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers varies depending on other genetic factors. Here, the authors perform a case-only genome-wide association study and highlight novel loci associated with breast cancer risk for BRCA1/BRCA2 mutation carriers.

Published
2021

17. A Phelipanche ramosa KAI2 protein perceives strigolactones and isothiocyanates enzymatically

Author

Anse Jacobs, Lukas Braem, Vincent Steinmetz, Jean-Bernard Pouvreau, Guillaume Clavé, Guillaume Brun, Vincent Servajean, Sofie Goormachtig, François-Didier Boyer, Alexandre de Saint Germain, Philippe Delavault, Philippe Simier, Susann Wicke, Emmanuelle Baudu, David Cornu, Kris Gevaert, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin (IJPB), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Department of Plant Systems Biology, VIB, and Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Biotechnologies Végétales (LPBV), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Laboratoire de biologie et pathologie végétales (LBPV), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN), Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Institute for Integrative Biology of the Cell [Gif-sur-Yvette] (I2BC), Institut de Chimie des Substances Naturelles (ICSN), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Biomolecular Medicine, Institut Jean-Pierre Bourgin's Plant Observatory technological platforms, Paris-Sud University, AgreenSkills award from the European Union, FWO 1S15817N VS04418N, Infrastructures en Biologie Sante et Agronomie, Region Ile-de-France, Plan Cancer, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) European Commission, ANR-11-LABX-0039,CHARMMMAT,CHimie des ARchitectures MoléculairesMultifonctionnelles et des MATériaux(2011), ANR-17-EURE-0007,SPS-GSR,Ecole Universitaire de Recherche de Sciences des Plantes de Paris-Saclay(2017), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), Humboldt University Of Berlin, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Institute for Biology, Humboldt-Universitat zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany.

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, isothiocyanates, Parasitic plant, STRIGA, receptor, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Stimulation, Plant Science, strigolactones, Biology, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, a/b-hydrolase, Phelipanche ramosa, 03 medical and health sciences, Striga, Arabidopsis, DWARF14, KARRIKIN, α/β-hydrolase, Receptor, Molecular Biology, 030304 developmental biology, 2. Zero hunger, HORMONE-RECEPTOR, 0303 health sciences, PERCEPTION, ANALOGS, Obligate, [CHIM.ORGA]Chemical Sciences/Organic chemistry, food and beverages, Biology and Life Sciences, Cell Biology, SEED-GERMINATION, biology.organism_classification, ARABIDOPSIS, GENE, seed germination stimulant, Karrikin, PARASITIC PLANT, Weed, 010606 plant biology & botany, Biotechnology
Abstract

International audience; Phelipanche ramosa is an obligate root-parasitic weed that threatens major crops in central Europe. In order to germinate, it must perceive various structurally divergent host-exuded signals, including isothiocyanates (ITCs) and strigolactones (SLs). However, the receptors involved are still uncharacterized. Here, we identify five putative SL receptors in P. ramosa and show that PrKAI2d3 is involved in the stimulation of seed germination. We demonstrate the high plasticity of PrKAI2d3, which allows it to interact with different chemicals, including ITCs. The SL perception mechanism of PrKAI2d3 is similar to that of endogenous SLs in non-parasitic plants. We provide evidence that PrKAI2d3 enzymatic activity confers hypersensitivity to SLs. Additionally, we demonstrate that methylbutenolide-OH binds PrKAI2d3 and stimulates P. ramosa germination with bioactivity comparable to that of ITCs. This study demonstrates that P. ramosa has extended its signal perception system during evolution, a fact that should be considered for the development of specific and efficient biocontrol methods.

Published
2021

18. Aggregated Hold-Out

Author

Maillard, Guillaume, Arlot, Sylvain, Lerasle, Matthieu, Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (LMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Statistique mathématique et apprentissage (CELESTE), Inria Saclay - Ile de France, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Laboratoire de Mathématiques d'Orsay (LMO), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Union Horizon 2020 [sponsor], and Université Paris-Sud, University of Luxembourg [research center]

Subjects
FOS: Computer and information sciences, aggregation, Machine Learning (stat.ML), Mathematics - Statistics Theory, Statistics Theory (math.ST), [STAT.TH]Statistics [stat]/Statistics Theory [stat.TH], bagging, hyperparameter selection, cross-validation, Methodology (stat.ME), [STAT.ML]Statistics [stat]/Machine Learning [stat.ML], Statistics - Machine Learning, [MATH.MATH-ST]Mathematics [math]/Statistics [math.ST], FOS: Mathematics, regularized kernel regression, Mathematics [G03] [Physical, chemical, mathematical & earth Sciences], Mathématiques [G03] [Physique, chimie, mathématiques & sciences de la terre], [STAT.ME]Statistics [stat]/Methodology [stat.ME], Statistics - Methodology
Abstract

International audience; Aggregated hold-out (Agghoo) is a method which averages learning rules selected by hold-out (that is, cross-validation with a single split). We provide the first theoretical guarantees on Agghoo, ensuring that it can be used safely: Agghoo performs at worst like the hold-out when the risk is convex. The same holds true in classification with the 0-1 risk, with an additional constant factor. For the hold-out, oracle inequalities are known for bounded losses, as in binary classification. We show that similar results can be proved, under appropriate assumptions, for other risk-minimization problems. In particular, we obtain an oracle inequality for regularized kernel regression with a Lip-schitz loss, without requiring that the Y variable or the regressors be bounded. Numerical experiments show that aggregation brings a significant improvement over the hold-out and that Agghoo is competitive with cross-validation.

Published
2021

19. Clusters of diet, physical activity, television exposure and sleep habits and their association with adiposity in preschool children: the EDEN mother-child cohort

Author

SALDANHA-GOMES, Cécilia, Marbac, Matthieu, Sedki, Mohammed, Cornet, Maxime, Plancoulaine, Sabine, Charles, Marie-Aline, Lioret, Sandrine, Dargent-Molina, Patricia, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université Paris-Saclay, Centre de Recherche en Économie et Statistique (CREST), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE Paris)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), The EDEN mother cohort is funded by National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP TGIR Cohorte Santé 2008 Program), National Agency for Research (ANR nonthematic program), French Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (Alfediam), Mutuelle Générale de l’Éducation Nationale, Nestlé, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Paris-Sud University, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), French Agency for Environment Security (AFFSET), French Ministry of Health Perinatal Program, INSERM Nutrition Research Program, Institut Fédératif de Recherche and Cohort Program, French Ministry of Research, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale., Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Ecole Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Analyse de l'Information [Bruz] (ENSAI)-École polytechnique (X)-École Nationale de la Statistique et de l'Administration Économique (ENSAE ParisTech )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and SALDANHA-GOMES, Cécilia

Subjects
Male, Preschoolers, Physical activity, lcsh:Public aspects of medicine, Research, Mothers, lcsh:RA1-1270, Feeding Behavior, Lifestyle clusters, Overweight, Diet, lcsh:Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases, TV exposure, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Child, Preschool, Latent class analysis, Humans, Female, Television, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Sleep, lcsh:RC620-627, Exercise, Adiposity
Abstract

International audience; Background: Despite the growing interest in the relation between adiposity in children and different lifestyle clusters, few studies used a longitudinal design to examine a large range of behaviors in various contexts, in particular eating-and sleep-related routines, and few studies have examined these factors in young children. The objectives of this study were to identify clusters of boys and girls based on diet, sleep and activity-related behaviors and their family environment at 2 and 5 years of age, and to assess whether the clusters identified varied across maternal education levels and were associated with body fat at age 5. Methods: At 2 and 5 years, respectively, 1436 and 1195 parents from the EDEN mother-child cohort completed a questionnaire including behavioral data. A latent class analysis aimed to uncover gender-specific behavioral clusters. Body fat percentage was estimated by anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance measurements. Association between cluster membership and body fat was assessed with mutivariable linear regression models. Results: At 2 years, two clusters emerged that were essentially characterized by opposite eating habits. At 5 years, TV exposure was the most distinguishing feature, but the numbers and types of clusters differed by gender. An association between cluster membership and body fat was found only in girls at 5 years of age, with girls in the cluster defined by very high TV exposure and unfavorable mealtime habits (despite high outdoor playing and walking time) having the highest body fat. Girls whose mother had low educational attainment were more likely to be in this high-risk cluster. Girls who were on a cluster evolution path corresponding to the highest TV viewing time and the least favorable mealtime habits from 2 to 5 years of age had higher body fat at 5 years. Conclusions: Efforts to decrease TV time and improve mealtime routines may hold promise for preventing overweight in young children, especially girls growing up in disadvantaged families. These preventive efforts should start as early in life as possible, ideally before the age of two, and should be sustained over the preschool years.

Published
2020

20. Pesticides used in Europe and autism spectrum disorder risk: can novel exposure hypotheses be formulated beyond organophosphates, organochlorines, pyrethroids and carbamates? - A systematic review

Author

Amaria Baghdadli, Rémi Béranger, Marion Mortamais, Jeanne Sandrine Ongono, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), CHU Montpellier, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail (Irset), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Neuropsychiatrie : recherche épidémiologique et clinique (PSNREC), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Sud, This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial or not-for-profit sectors. Jeanne Sandrine Ongono is funded by a 3-year doctoral allowance from the Doctoral School of Public Health (EDSP), Paris-Sud University , and received financial support from the OpenHealth institute for her PhD., Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université d'Angers (UA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Montpellier 1 (UM1)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), and HAL UVSQ, Équipe

Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Biochemistry, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Neurobehavior, 0302 clinical medicine, Imidacloprid, Environmental health, Pyrethrins, Epidemiology, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Autism spectrum disorder, Pesticides, Child, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, business.industry, Neonicotinoid, Clothianidin, Environmental exposure, Pesticide, medicine.disease, Organophosphates, 3. Good health, Europe, Systematic review, chemistry, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Carbamates, business
Abstract

International audience; Background: A growing body of evidences suggests an association between early exposure to organophosphates (OPs), organochlorines (OCs), pyrethroids or carbamates and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, there are limited data about the other pesticide groups, especially in Europe. Objectives: Based on a systematic review, we aimed to assess the influence of neuro- and thyrotoxic agricultural and domestic pesticides (other than OPs, OCs, pyrethroids and carbamates) authorized in Europe on risk of ASD in children or ASD behavioral phenotypes in rodents. Methods: Pesticides were initially identified in the Hazardous Substances Data Bank. 20 currently used (10 pesticide groups) were retained based on the higher exposure potential. Epidemiological (children) and in vivo (rodents) studies were identified through PubMed, Web of Science and TOXLINE, without restriction of publication date or country (last update: November 2019). The risk of bias and level of evidence were also assessed. This systematic review is registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO, registration number CRD42019145384). Results: In total, two epidemiological and 15 in vivo studies were retained, focusing on the azole, neonicotinoid, phenylpyrazole and phosphonoglycine pesticide groups. No study was conducted in Europe. Glyphosate, imidacloprid, clothianidin, myclobutanil, acetamiprid, tebuconazole, thiabendazole and fipronil, globally reported an association with an increased risk of ASD in children and/or ASD behavioral phenotypes in rodents. In children, glyphosate and myclobutanil showed a “moderate level of evidence” in their association with ASD, whereas imidacloprid showed an “inadequate level of evidence”. In rodents, clothianidin, imidacloprid and glyphosate showed a “high level of evidence” in their association with altered behavioral, learning and memory skills. Conclusion: In the framework of environmental risk factors of ASD, novel hypotheses can be formulated about early exposure to eight pesticides. Glyphosate presented the most salient level of evidence. Given their neuro- and thyrotoxic properties, additional studies are needed for the 12 other pesticides not yet studied as potential ASD risk factors according to our inclusion criteria.

Published
2020

21. Association between Dietary Intake of One-Carbon Metabolism Nutrients in the Year before Pregnancy and Birth Anthropometry

Author

Marion Lecorguillé, Sandrine Lioret, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Erwan de Gavelle, Anne Forhan, François Mariotti, Marie-Aline Charles, Barbara Heude, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Physiologie de la Nutrition et du Comportement Alimentaire (PNCA (UMR 0914)), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale, French National Research Agency (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), Ministry of Research, France, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestle, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), European Union (EU), Diabetes National Research Program, (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), ANSES, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French national agency for food security, and French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM)

Subjects
Male, dietary patterns, Nutritional Status, lcsh:TX341-641, methyl-donors, Article, pre-conception period, Pregnancy, maternal diet, Humans, Body Weights and Measures, Feeding Behavior, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Nutrients, one-carbon metabolism, reduced rankregression, Diet, Socioeconomic Factors, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Female, Preconception Care, reduced rank regression, Energy Intake, lcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supply, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, fetal growth, Biomarkers, Metabolic Networks and Pathways
Abstract

Few studies have evaluated the role of methylation-pathway nutrients involved in fetal growth (B vitamins, choline, betaine, and methionine). These one-carbon metabolism (OCM) nutrients are essential for DNA methylation in the periconception period. We aimed to characterize dietary patterns of 1638 women from the EDEN mother-child cohort in the year before pregnancy according to the contribution of OCM nutrients and to study the association of such patterns with anthropometric measurements at birth. Dietary intake before pregnancy was assessed by using a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. We used the reduced-rank regression (RRR) method to identify dietary patterns using OCM nutrients as intermediate variables. We ran linear regressions models to study the association between dietary patterns scores and birth weight, length, head circumference, gestational age, and sex-specific z-scores, adjusting for maternal characteristics and vitamin supplementation before and during pregnancy. Three patterns, “varied and balanced”, “vegetarian tendency”, and “bread and starchy food” were identified, explaining 58% of the variability in OCM nutrient intake. Higher scores on the “varied and balanced” pattern tended to be associated with higher birth length and weight. In mainly well-nourished young French women, we did not find evidence that variability in OCM nutrient intake has major effects on fetal growth.

Published
2020

22. Circadian genes polymorphisms, night work and prostate cancer risk: Findings from the EPICAP study

Author

Sylvie Cénée, Anne Boland, Florence Menegaux, Brigitte Trétarre, Pierre Laurent-Puig, Robert Olaso, Xavier Rebillard, Claire Mulot, Hélène Blanché, Pierre-Jean Lamy, Jean-François Deleuze, Thérèse Truong, Geraldine Cancel-Tassin, Olivier Cussenot, Méyomo G. Wendeu-Foyet, Yves Akoli Koudou, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Registre des tumeurs de l'Hérault, CRISAP-LR, COLRIM, EPC du CRLC-Centres privés de radiothérapie de l'Hérault-Laboratoires d'Hématologie CPAM - MSA - Caisse militaire, Clinique Beau Soleil [Montpellier], Centre de Recherche pour les Pathologies Prostatiques [Paris] (CeRePP), Sorbonne Université (SU), Service d'urologie [CHU Tenon], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Sorbonne Université - Département de santé publique, Centre National de Recherche en Génomique Humaine [Évry] (CNRGH), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Centre d'Etude du Polymorphisme Humain (CEPH), Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie (IUH), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset-Université de Paris (UP), Labosud, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris-Saclay, Agence Nationale de Sécurité Sanitaire de l’Alimentation, de l’Environnement et du Travail, ANSES Ligue Contre le Cancer Fondation ARC pour la Recherche sur le Cancer, ARC Ligue Contre le Cancer Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire de l'Environnement et du Travail, AFSSET Institut National Du Cancer, INCa Fondation de France, We would like to thank the clinical research nurses who were in charge of participants’ interview, anthropometric measurements and biological sample collection (Anne‐Laure Astolfi, Coline Bernard, Oriane Boyer, Marie‐Hélène De Campo, Sandrine Margaroli, Louise N'Diaye, Sabine Perrier‐Bonnet). We also would like to thank Christian Prad and Nadine Soller for help with patient medical data collection within the Hérault Cancer Registry (Registre des tumeurs de l'Hérault, Montpellier, France) and Cécile Gaffory and Valérie Ondet for technical assistance (CeRePP). Finally, we are grateful to the EPICAP study Group: Urologists: Drs Didier Ayuso, Bruno Ségui, Vincent Abd El Fattah (Centre Hospitalier Bassin de Thau, Sète, France), Alain Guillaume, Jean‐Paul Constans, Olivier Delbos, Pierre Lanfray, Damien Rizet, Etienne Cuénant (Cabinet Urologie du Polygone, Montpellier, France), Michel Locci (Centre Hospitalier, Béziers, France), Etienne Cuénant (Clinique Ste Thérèse, Sète, France), Nicolas Drianno, Bernard Marc, Paulo Soares (Polyclinique Saint Privat, Béziers, France), Antoine Faix, Samer Abdel Hamid, Bruno Ségui (Service urologie, Clinique Beau Soleil, Montpellier, France), Samer Abdel Hamid (Clinique Saint Louis, Ganges, France), Thibaut Murez, Grégoire Poinas, Laurent Cabaniols, Maxime Robert, Rodolphe Thuret (Centre Hospitalo‐Universitaire, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier, France). Pathologists: Drs Didier Brel, Lysiane Schweizer, Philippe Nayraud, C. Lecam‐Savin (Inopath‐Biomed 34), Roland Daniel, Jean Baptiste Perdigou, Chantal Compan, Mireille Granier, Agnès Grranier, Ruth Borges‐Reis, Alena Badsi, Jean Louis Bouzigues, Elisabeth Broquerie (Inopath‐Labosud) Joëlle Simony, Frédéric Bibeau, Pierre Baldet, Isabelle Serre, Valérie Costes (Centre Hospitalo‐Universitaire, Hôpital Lapeyronie, Montpellier), Marie Laure Gaume (Sète). Biologists: Drs F. Montels (Service de Biologie Médicale, Institut du Cancer de Montpellier, Montpellier, France) and Labosud laboratories: Drs François et Pascal Dumas (Béziers, France), Martine Buono (Sète, France), Isabelle Bonnefille (Lodeve, France), Georges Ruiz (Lunel, France), Didier Paleirac (Clermont‐l'Hérault, France). The EPICAP‐chrono project was funded by Institut National du Cancer, Fondation ARC and Ligue nationale contre le cancer. The EPICAP study was funded by Ligue nationale contre le cancer, Ligue contre le cancer du Val de Marne, Fondation de France, Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES). The first author has been granted by a Paris‐Sud University doctoral allowance., Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), CHU Tenon [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Fondation Jean Dausset-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)

Subjects
Adult, Male, Oncology, Cancer Research, medicine.medical_specialty, Genotyping Techniques, Population, interaction, Nerve Tissue Proteins, [SDV.CAN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cancer, night work, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, 03 medical and health sciences, Prostate cancer, 0302 clinical medicine, Circadian Clocks, Internal medicine, Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors, medicine, Humans, SNP, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Circadian rhythm, education, Aged, education.field_of_study, NPAS2, business.industry, ARNTL Transcription Factors, Prostatic Neoplasms, Shift Work Schedule, Cancer, Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 1, Group F, Member 1, Odds ratio, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, prostate cancer, 3. Good health, pathway analysis, ARNTL, Logistic Models, Case-Control Studies, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Neoplasm Grading, business, polymorphisms, circadian genes
Abstract

International audience; Over the past two decades, several studies have attempted to understand the hypothesis that disrupting the circadian rhythm may promote the development of cancer. Some have suggested that night work and some circadian genes polymorphisms are associated with cancer, including prostate cancer. Our study aims to test the hypothesis that prostate cancer risk among night workers may be modulated by genetic polymorphisms in the circadian pathway genes based on data from the EPICAP study, a population-based case-control study including 1511 men (732 cases/779 controls) with genotyped data. We estimated odds ratio (ORs) and P values of the association between prostate cancer and circadian gene variants using logistic regression models. We tested the interaction between circadian genes variants and night work indicators that were significantly associated with prostate cancer at pathway, gene and SNP levels. Analyses were also stratified by each of these night work indicators and by cancer aggressiveness. The circadian pathway was significantly associated with aggressive prostate cancer among night workers (P =.004), particularly for men who worked at night for 10 hours, P =.001). At the gene level, we observed among night workers significant associations between aggressive prostate cancer and ARNTL, NPAS2 and RORA. At the SNP-level, no significant association was observed. Our findings provide some clues of a potential modulating effect of circadian genes in the relationship between night work and prostate cancer. Further investigation is warranted to confirm these findings and to better elucidate the biological pathways involved.

Published
2020

23. Breastfeeding initiation or duration and longitudinal patterns of infections up to 2 years and skin rash and respiratory symptoms up to 8 years in the EDEN mother–child cohort

Author

Karine Adel-Patient, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Sandrine Lioret, Barbara Heude, Camille Davisse-Paturet, Isabella Annesi-Maesano, Anne Forhan, Marie-Aline Charles, Equipe 3: EREN- Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (CRESS - U1153), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Service de Pharmacologie et Immunoanalyse (SPI), Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (MTS), Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Paris-Saclay-Direction de Recherche Fondamentale (CEA) (DRF (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Etude longitudinale française depuis l'enfance (UMS : Ined-Inserm-EFS) (ELFE), EFS-Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR 2008 cohort in health programme), National Agency for Research (ANR nonthematic program), French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale, Nestlé, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Paris–Sud University, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), Diabetes National Research Program (by a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients), INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Institut national d'études démographiques (INED)-EFS-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), and HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, Time Factors, breastfeeding, Respiratory Tract Diseases, Breastfeeding, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Recurrence, longitudinal pattern, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Nutrition and Dietetics, Incidence, Obstetrics and Gynecology, birth cohort, Rash, 3. Good health, Diarrhea, Breast Feeding, Bronchitis, Original Article, Female, France, medicine.symptom, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Population, Infections, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, education, Asthma, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, business.industry, wheezing, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, Original Articles, Exanthema, medicine.disease, infection, Otitis, Bronchiolitis, skin rash, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

This paper aimed to examine the effect of breastfeeding on longitudinal patterns of common infections up to 2 years and respiratory symptoms up to 8 years. To assess the incidence and reoccurrence of infections and allergic symptoms in the first years of life among 1,603 children from the EDEN mother–child cohort, distinct longitudinal patterns of infectious diseases as well as skin rash and respiratory symptoms were identified by group‐based trajectory modelling. To characterize infections, we considered the parent‐reported number of cold/nasopharyngitis and diarrhoea from birth to 12 months and otitis and bronchitis/bronchiolitis from birth to 2 years. To characterize allergy‐related symptoms, we considered the parent‐reported occurrence of wheezing and skin rash from 8 months to 8 years and asthma from 2 to 8 years. Then associations between breastfeeding and these longitudinal patterns were assessed through adjusted multinomial logistic regression. Compared with never‐breastfed infants, ever‐breastfed infants were at a lower risk of diarrhoea events in early infancy as well as infrequent events of bronchitis/bronchiolitis throughout infancy. Only predominant breastfeeding duration was related to frequent events of bronchitis/bronchiolitis and infrequent events of otitis. We found no significant protective effect of breastfeeding on longitudinal patterns of cold/nasopharyngitis, skin rash, or respiratory symptoms. For an infant population with a short breastfeeding duration, on average, our study confirmed a protective effect of breastfeeding on diarrhoea events in early infancy, infrequent bronchitis/bronchiolitis and, to a lesser extent, infrequent otitis events up to 2 years but not on other infections, skin rash, or respiratory symptoms4., In an infant population with a short breastfeeding duration and using longitudinal patterns of infection, skin rash and respiratory symptoms, on average, our study confirmed a protective effect of breastfeeding on diarrhea events in early infancy, infrequent bronchitis/bronchiolitis and, to a lesser extent,infrequent otitis events up to 2 years but not on cold/ nasopharyngitis, skin rash or respiratory symptoms.

Published
2020

25. Human health risks related to the consumption of foodstuffs of animal origin contaminated by bisphenol A

Author

Gorecki, Sébastien, Bemrah, Nawel, Roudot, Alain-Claude, Marchioni, Eric, Le Bizec, Bruno, Faivre, Franck, Kadawathagedara, Manik, Botton, Jérémie, Rivière, Gilles, EDEN mother-child cohort study group, ., Agence nationale de sécurité sanitaire de l'alimentation, de l'environnement et du travail (ANSES), Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Laboratoire d'étude des Résidus et Contaminants dans les Aliments (LABERCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, Agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), LUNAM Université [Nantes Angers Le Mans], Ministère de l'Agriculture et de l'Alimentation, Service de biostatistique et information médicale de l’hôpital Saint Louis (Equipe ECSTRA) (SBIM), Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Faculty of pharmacy, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Foundation for medical research (FRM), National Agency for Research (ANR) [ANR-06-BLAN-0359], National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), French Ministry of Research, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A) and Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris-Sud University, Nestlé, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), European Union FP7 programme (HELIX project), European Union FP7 programme (ESCAPE project), European Union FP7 programme (ENRIECO project), Diabetes National Research Program through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD), French Agency for Environmental Health Safety, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French national agency for food security, French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), European Project: 261357,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2010-single-stage,MEDALL(2010), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-École nationale vétérinaire, agroalimentaire et de l'alimentation Nantes-Atlantique (ONIRIS), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut national du cancer [Boulogne] (INCA)-Hopital Saint-Louis [AP-HP] (AP-HP), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
Male, Animal food, Food contamination, 010501 environmental sciences, Toxicology, 01 natural sciences, Poultry, Non-canned food, Bisphenol A, Pregnancy, Food science, Child, Foodstuffs of animal origin, 2. Zero hunger, education.field_of_study, Fishes, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Middle Aged, Contamination, 040401 food science, Food Analysis, 3. Good health, Conjugates, Child, Preschool, Female, France, Adult, Meat, Adolescent, Population, Biology, Young Adult, Health risk assessment, 0404 agricultural biotechnology, Phenols, Environmental health, Animals, Humans, Benzhydryl Compounds, education, Aged, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Exposure assessment, business.industry, Consumer Product Safety, Food processing, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Food Science, Food contaminant
Abstract

International audience; Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in a wide variety of products and objects for consumers use (digital media such as CD's and DVD's, sport equipment, food and beverage containers, medical equipment). For humans, the main route of exposure to BPA is food. Based on previous estimates, almost 20% of the dietary exposure to BPA in the French population would be from food of animal origin. However, due to the use of composite samples, the source of the contamination had not been identified. Therefore, 322 individual samples of non-canned foods of animal origin were collected with the objectives of first updating the estimation of the exposure of the French population and second identifying the source of contamination of these foodstuffs using a specific analytical method. Compared to previous estimates in France, a decline in the contamination of the samples was observed, in particular with regard to meat. The estimated mean dietary exposures ranged from 0.048 to 0.050 μg (kg bw)(-1) d(-1) for 3-17 year children and adolescents, from 0.034 to 0.035 μg (kg bw)(-1) d(-1) for adults and from 0.047 to 0.049 μg (kg bw)(-1) d(-1) for pregnant women. The contribution of meat to total dietary exposure of pregnant women, adults and children was up to three times lower than the previous estimates. Despite this downward trend in contamination, the toxicological values were observed to have been exceeded for the population of pregnant women. With the aim of acquiring more knowledge about the origin the potential source(s) of contamination of non-canned foods of animal origin, a specific analytical method was developed to directly identify and quantify the presence of conjugated BPA (BPA-monoglucuronide, BPA-diglucuronide and sulphate forms) in 50 samples. No conjugated forms of BPAs were detected in the analysed samples, indicating clearly that BPA content in animal food was not due to metabolism but arise post mortem in food. This contamination may occur during food production. However, despite extensive sampling performed in several different shops (butcheries, supermarkets ....) and in different conditions (fresh, prepared, frozen ...), the source(s) of the contamination could not be specifically identified.

Published
2017

27. Stress and recovery in sports: Effects on heart rate variability, cortisol, and subjective experience

Author

Edith Filaire, Philippe Vacher, Michel Nicolas, Laurent Mourot, Laboratoire de psychologie : dynamiques relationnelles et processus identitaires [Dijon] (PSY-DREPI), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University paris sud- University of Orléans (Laboratory of Complexity Innovation and Motor and Sport Activities (EA 4532)), Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( EA 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon (CHRU Besançon)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), and Marqueurs pronostiques et facteurs de régulations des pathologies cardiaques et vasculaires - UFC ( UR 3920) (PCVP / CARDIO)

Subjects
Male, Functional training, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Hydrocortisone, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Audiology, Athletic Performance, 050105 experimental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Heart Rate, Physiology (medical), Stress (linguistics), medicine, [SDV.MHEP.PHY]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO], Heart rate variability, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Training load, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, General Neuroscience, 05 social sciences, Area under the curve, Repeated measures design, R package, Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology, Athletes, Practice, Psychological, Salivary alpha-Amylases, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, Female, Time variations, Psychology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Stress, Psychological
Abstract

This study aimed to investigate (1) the time-variations and (2) the repeated measures relationship between training load (TL) and psychological and physiological parameters and performance. Data were collected around 12-weeks of training in fifteen national swimmers. Psychological states were assessed using the RESTQ-36-R-Sport Questionnaire and the Sport Emotion Questionnaire. Subjects collected four saliva samples throughout the day at 1) 7 a.m. immediately after waking, 2) 30 min after waking, 3) 60 min after waking, and 4) 8 p.m., allowing us to calculate the area under the curve with respect to ground (AUCg) and the sAA over cortisol ratio (AOC). Finally, heart rate variability was computed using a submaximal 5′-5′ running test. Time variations were analyzed throughout repeated measures ANOVA and repeated measures correlations were run using the “rmcorr” R package. Recovery-stress states and emotional markers showed quadratic curves, while parasympathetic markers showed linear trajectories over time. Significant associations over time were found between TL and recovery, stress, emotional states, lnRMSSD and the AOC. Taken together, these results provided evidence that psychological and physiological states do not follow the same dynamics (i.e., linear vs. quadratic vs. no variation) in the functional training periodization condition. Our study also provided evidence that recovery-stress states, emotional states, lnRMSSD, and the AOC were of interest due to their intra-individual associations around the time with TL.

Published
2019

28. Association between genetic obesity susceptibility and mother-reported eating behavior in children up to 5 years

Author

De Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Koudou, Yves, Botton, Jérémie, Forhan, Anne, Carles, Sophie, Pelloux, Véronique, Clément, Karine, Ong, Ken, Charles, Marie Aline, Heude, Barbara, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Saclay, Unité de Recherche sur les Maladies Cardiovasculaires, du Métabolisme et de la Nutrition = Institute of cardiometabolism and nutrition (ICAN), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (APHP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [APHP]-Sorbonne Université (SU), Medical Research Council Epidemiology Unit [Cambridge, UK] (Department of Paediatrics), University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)-Addenbrooke’s Hospital [Cambridge, UK], The EDEN study is supported by: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris–Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non thematic program), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR 2008 cohort in health program). The genotyping was funded by a Collaborative Research Grant from the European Society for Paediatric Endocrinology. KKO is supported by the Medical Research Council (Unit program: MC_UU_12015/2)., Members of the EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study Group: I. Annesi-Maesano, JY. Bernard, J. Botton, M.A. Charles, P. Dargent-Molina, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, P. Ducimetière, M. de Agostini, B. Foliguet, A. Forhan, X. Fritel, A. Germa, V. Goua, R. Hankard, B. Heude, M. Kaminski, B. Larroque†, N. Lelong, J. Lepeule, G. Magnin, L. Marchand, C. Nabet, F. Pierre, R. Slama, M.J. Saurel-Cubizolles, M. Schweitzer, O. Thiebaugeorges., Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière [AP-HP], Sorbonne Université (SU)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU), and Addenbrooke’s Hospital [Cambridge, UK]-University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM)

Subjects
eating behaviour, growth, birth cohort, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, genetic
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND:Many genetic polymorphisms identified by genome-wide association studies for adult body mass index (BMI) have been suggested to regulate food intake.OBJECTIVE:The objective was to study the associations between a genetic obesity risk score, appetitive traits, and growth of children up to age 5 years, with a longitudinal design.METHODS:In 1142 children from the Etude des Déterminants pre et post natals de la santé de l'ENfant (EDEN) birth cohort, a combined obesity risk-allele score (BMI genetic risk score [GRS]) was related to appetitive traits (energy intake up to 12 mo, a single item on appetite from 4 mo to 3 y, a validated appetite score at 5 y) using Poisson regressions with robust standard errors. The potential mediation of appetitive traits on the association between BMI-GRS and growth was assessed by the Sobel test.RESULTS:Children with a high BMI-GRS were more likely to have high energy intake at 1 year and high appetite at 2 and 5 years. High energy intake in infancy and high appetite from 1 year were related to higher subsequent BMI. High 2-year appetite seemed to partially mediate the associations between BMI-GRS and BMI from 2 to 5 years (all P ≤ 0.05).CONCLUSIONS:Genetic susceptibility to childhood obesity seems to be partially explained by appetitive traits in infancy, followed by an early childhood rise in BMI.

Published
2019

29. ICAM-1 PROMOTES THE ABNORMAL ENDOTHELIAL CELLPHENOTYPE IN CHRONIC THROMBOEMBOLIC PULMONARYHYPERTENSION

Author

Arthur Ataam, Jennifer, Mercier, Olaf, Lamrani, Lilia, Amsallem, Myriam, Arthur-Ataam, Joanna, Arthur-Ataam, Stéphanie, Guihaire, Julien, Lecerf, Florence, Capuano, Véronique, Rosa Ghigna, Maria, Haddad, François, Fadel, Elie, Eddahibi, Saadia, MORNET, Dominique, DHU TORINO, Paris Sud University, Marie Lannelongue Hospital, Le Plessis Robinson, France., Stanford University School of Medicine [CA, USA], DHU TORINO, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Hôpital Marie-Lannelongue, Physiologie & médecine expérimentale du Cœur et des Muscles [U 1046] (PhyMedExp), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Hôpital Marie Lannelongue

Subjects
[SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio]
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND - Pulmonary endothelial cells play a key role in the pathogenesis of ChronicThromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH). Increased synthesis and/or release ofIntercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 (ICAM-1) by pulmonary endothelial cells of patients withCTEPH has been recently reported, suggesting a potential role for ICAM-1 in CTEPH.METHODS - We studied pulmonary endarterectomy specimens from 172 patients with CTEPHand pulmonary artery specimens from 97 controls undergoing lobectomy for low-stage cancerwithout metastasis.RESULTS - ICAM-1 was overexpressed in vitro in isolated and cultured endothelial cells fromendarterectomy specimens. Endothelial cell (EC) growth and apoptosis resistance weresignificantly higher in CTEPH specimens than in controls (P

Published
2019

30. Sources and export of particle-borne organic matter during a monsoon flood in a catchment of northern Laos

Author

E. Gourdin, S. Huon, O. Evrard, O. Ribolzi, T. Bariac, O. Sengtaheuanghoung, S. Ayrault, Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géochimie Des Impacts (GEDI), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Géosciences Environnement Toulouse (GET), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Agriculture Land Management (DALam), Lao NAFRI (National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute in Vientiane), MSEC project (Multi-Scale Environment Changes), Paris-Sud University, Orsay, France, French CNRS EC2CO/BIOHEFECT program (Belcrue project), Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (IEES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
2. Zero hunger, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, lcsh:QE1-996.5, lcsh:Life, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, 01 natural sciences, 6. Clean water, lcsh:Geology, lcsh:QH501-531, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], lcsh:QH540-549.5, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, lcsh:Ecology, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

The yields of the tropical rivers of Southeast Asia supply large quantities of carbon to the ocean. The origin and dynamics of particulate organic matter were studied in the Houay Xon River catchment located in northern Laos during the first erosive flood of the rainy season in May 2012. This cultivated catchment is equipped with three successive gauging stations draining areas ranging between 0.2 and 11.6 km2 on the main stem of the permanent stream, and two additional stations draining 0.6 ha hillslopes. In addition, the sequential monitoring of rainwater, overland flow and suspended organic matter compositions was conducted at the 1 m2 plot scale during a storm. The composition of particulate organic matter (total organic carbon and total nitrogen concentrations, δ13C and δ15N) was determined for suspended sediment, soil surface (top 2 cm) and soil subsurface (gullies and riverbanks) samples collected in the catchment (n = 57, 65 and 11, respectively). Hydrograph separation of event water was achieved using water electric conductivity and δ18O measurements for rainfall, overland flow and river water base flow (n = 9, 30 and 57, respectively). The composition of particulate organic matter indicates that upstream suspended sediments mainly originated from cultivated soils labelled by their C3 vegetation cover (upland rice, fallow vegetation and teak plantations). In contrast, channel banks characterized by C4 vegetation (Napier grass) supplied significant quantities of sediment to the river during the flood rising stage at the upstream station as well as in downstream river sections. The highest runoff coefficient (11.7%), sediment specific yield (433 kg ha−1), total organic carbon specific yield (8.3 kg C ha−1) and overland flow contribution (78–100%) were found downstream of reforested areas planted with teaks. Swamps located along the main stream acted as sediment filters and controlled the composition of suspended organic matter. Total organic carbon specific yields were particularly high because they occurred during the first erosive storm of the rainy season, just after the period of slash-and-burn operations in the catchment.

Published
2018

31. Prenatal diet and children's trajectories of hyperactivity-inattention and conduct problems from 3 to 8 years: the EDEN mother-child cohort

Author

Cédric Galéra, Hugo Peyre, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Maria Melchior, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Laura Pryor, A. Forhan, Manuel-Pierre Bouvard, Sandrine Lioret, Barbara Heude, Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux], Bordeaux population health (BPH), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Institut de Santé Publique, d'Épidémiologie et de Développement (ISPED)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Agency for science, technology and research [Singapore] (A*STAR), AP-HP Hôpital universitaire Robert-Debré [Paris], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Laboratoire de sciences cognitives et psycholinguistique (LSCP), Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Charles Perrens Hospital, Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Université de Bordeaux (UB), Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale, French Ministry of Research Institut Federatif de Recherche, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), French Ministry of Health Perinatal Program, French Agency for Environment Security, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance, Paris-Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education, Nestle, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, French-Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (Alfediam), French National Research Agency (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public Health (Institut de Recherche en Sante Publique, the Tres Grande Infrastructure de Recherche Cohorte Sante 2008 Program), Cohort Program, ANR-12-DSSA-0005,DYSEDEN,Déterminants sociaux des troubles psychologiques et des apprentissages chez les enfants d'âge scolaire(2012), de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Déterminants sociaux de santé - Déterminants sociaux des troubles psychologiques et des apprentissages chez les enfants d'âge scolaire - - DYSEDEN2012 - ANR-12-DSSA-0005 - DSS - VALID, Hôpital Charles Perrens, Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), and Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
Conduct Disorder, Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Offspring, conduct problems, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, children, Epidemiology, Developmental and Educational Psychology, medicine, Humans, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, 2. Zero hunger, Pregnancy, Odds ratio, medicine.disease, externalizing, 3. Good health, Diet, Gestational diabetes, Psychiatry and Mental health, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Diet, Western, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Child, Preschool, Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, Gestation, Female, epidemiology, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, pregnancy, Diet, Healthy, Psychology, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, mental health, Follow-Up Studies, Demography
Abstract

International audience; Background: Evidence shows that diet contributes substantially to lifelong physical and mental health. Although dietary exposure during gestation and early postnatal life is critical, human epidemiological data are limited regarding its link with children's subsequent externalizing issues. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of maternal diet during pregnancy in offspring's symptoms of hyperactivity-inattention and conduct problems from ages 3 to 8 years. Methods: We used data of 1,242 mother-child pairs from a French cohort followed up from pregnancy until the children were 8 years of age. Dietary patterns (DP) of the mother during pregnancy were assessed with food frequency questionnaires. Children's externalizing behavior was assessed with the Strength and Difficulties Questionnaire at ages 3, 5, and 8 years, from which trajectories of hyperactivity-inattention symptoms and conduct problems were derived. We conducted multivariable logistic models to study associations adjusted for a range of potential confounders. Results: Results showed significant relationships between maternal 'low Healthy diet' (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR) = 1.61; IC 95%: 1.09-2.37) and 'high Western diet' (aOR=1.67; IC 95%: 1.13-2.47) during pregnancy and children's trajectories of high symptoms of hyperactivity-inattention. The associations took into account relevant confounders such as DP of the children at age 2 years, maternal stress and depression, gestational diabetes, and socioeconomic variables. Conclusions: Maternal diet during pregnancy was independently associated with children's hyperactivity-inattention symptoms but not with conduct problems. Early prevention addressing lifestyle should specifically target diet in pregnant women.

Published
2018

32. Socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index from birth to 5 years

Author

Adrian J. Cameron, Marie-Aline Charles, M. Ballon, Sophie Carles, Barbara Heude, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Sandrine Lioret, A. Forhan, Jérémie Botton, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), School of Health and Social Development [Deakin University], Deakin University [Burwood], Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale, Ministry of Research, France, Institut Federatif de Recherche, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), French Ministry of Health Perinatal Program, French National Research Agency (ANR), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), Paris-Sud University, Nestle, Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale, French Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (Alfediam), National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP TGIR Cohorte Sante 2008 Program), and Cohort Program

Subjects
Male, Low education, Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Mothers, Medicine (miscellaneous), 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, Overweight, Body size, Body Mass Index, 03 medical and health sciences, Child Development, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Socioeconomic status, Socioeconomic inequalities, 2. Zero hunger, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Body Weight, Infant, Newborn, Infant, Child development, Body Height, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Female, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

International audience; Background/Objectives: Studies in high income countries show that despite the positive association of weight with socioeconomic position at birth, an inverse socioeconomic gradient in overweight (OW) appears later in childhood. The objectives were to understand the natural history of socioeconomic inequalities in weight, height and body mass index (BMI), by investigating their associations with maternal educational level between birth and five years, separately in boys and girls.Subjects/Methods: A published work of growth modelling between birth and 5 years allowed us to calculate predicted weight, height and BMI at 1 month, 6 months, 1, 3 and 5 years for 1735 children from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Associations between maternal education and predicted measures of body size were analysed with marginal linear and logistic models, stratified by sex. Results: In girls, despite a positive association between maternal education and birthweight, an inverse socioeconomic gradient was observed as early as 1 month for BMI. Girls whose mothers had low education levels were shorter on the whole than their counterparts with better-educated mothers, despite their similar weights. In boys, no socioeconomic gradient in BMI was observed at any age, including birth, but positive associations were found as early as 1 month for both weight and height. Conclusion: The emergence of an inverse socioeconomic gradient in BMI and OW apparently results from a complex pattern of socioeconomic inequalities in weight and height from 1 month onwards. The very start of life thus appears to be an important window of opportunity for addressing socioeconomic inequalities in growth.

Published
2018

33. Resuspension threshold of a granular bed by localized heating

Author

Cyprien Morize, Eric Herbert, Alban Sauret, Fluides, automatique, systèmes thermiques (FAST), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interdisciplinaire des Energies de Demain (LIED (UMR_8236)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Surface du Verre et Interfaces (SVI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-SAINT-GOBAIN-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AAP 'Attractivité Jeune chercheur' from Paris-Sud University, ANR-06-NEUR-0043,Presynaptic-CB1,Récepteurs présynaptique cannabinoïdes de type 1 (CB1): mécanismes et fonctions dans le cortex préfrontal.(2006), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-SAINT-GOBAIN-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), ANR-06-NEURO-0043,PRESYNAPTIC-CB1,Récepteurs présynaptique cannabinoïdes de type 1 (CB1): mécanismes et fonctions dans le cortex préfrontal.(2006), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Saint-Gobain-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Entrainment (hydrodynamics), [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-FLU-DYN]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Fluid Dynamics [physics.flu-dyn], Materials science, Buoyancy, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Fluids & Plasmas, FOS: Physical sciences, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Mathematical Sciences, 010305 fluids & plasmas, Physics::Fluid Dynamics, Thermal conductivity, Engineering, Threshold temperature, 0103 physical sciences, Thermal, Density contrast, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn), Mechanics, Physics - Fluid Dynamics, physics.flu-dyn, Fluidized bed, Physical Sciences, engineering, Dispersion (chemistry)
Abstract

International audience; The resuspension and dispersion of particles occur in industrial fluid dynamic processes as well as environmental and geophysical situations. In this paper, we experimentally investigate the ability to fluidize a granular bed with a vertical gradient of temperature. Using laboratory experiments with a localized heat source, we observe a large entrainment of particles into the fluid volume beyond a threshold temperature. The buoyancy-driven fluidized bed then leads to the transport of solid particles through the generation of particle-laden plumes. We show that the destabilization process is driven by the thermal conductivity inside the granular bed and demonstrate that the threshold temperature depends on the thickness of the granular bed and the buoyancy number, i.e., the ratio of the stabilizing density contrast to the destabilizing thermal density contrast.

Published
2017

34. Influence of infant feeding patterns over the first year of life on growth from birth to 5 years: Feeding patterns and growth in early childhood

Author

M.-A. Charles, Barbara Heude, Sophie Carles, Aisha Betoko, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Régis Hankard, Sandrine Lioret, Jérémie Botton, A. Forhan, N. Regnault, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Nutrition, croissance et cancer (U 1069) (N2C), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), We acknowledge all funding sources for the EDEN study: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris–Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non thematic program), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/ 2007-2013) under the grant agreement n°FP7-245012- HabEat and from the National Agency for Research (ANR Social determinants of health program) under the grant agreement n°ANR-12-DSSA-0001 (SOFI project). Aisha Betoko was supported by a research grant from the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research., The EDEN mother-child cohort study group, ANR-12-DSSA-0001,SOFI,Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance(2012), European Project: 245012,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,HABEAT(2010), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Tours, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Université de Tours-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)

Subjects
preschool children, growth, Breastfeeding, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Infant feeding, 2. Zero hunger, Meal, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, Health Policy, Confounding, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Anthropometry, medicine.disease, Obesity, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Cohort, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, Body mass index, feeding patterns, Birth cohort, Demography
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVES: As early-life feeding experiences may influence later health, we aimed to examine relations between feeding patterns over the first year of life and child's growth in the first 5 years of life. METHODS: Our analysis included 1022 children from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Three feeding patterns were previously identified, i.e. 'Later dairy products introduction and use of ready-prepared baby foods' (pattern-1), 'Long breastfeeding, later main meal food introduction and use of home-made foods' (pattern-2) and 'Use of ready-prepared adult foods' (pattern-3). Associations between the feeding patterns and growth [weight, height and body mass index {BMI}] were analysed by multivariable linear regressions. Anthropometric changes were assessed by the final value adjusted for the initial value. RESULTS: Even though infant feeding patterns were not related to anthropometric measurements at 1, 3 and 5 years, high scores on pattern-1 were associated with higher 1-3 years weight and height changes. High scores on pattern-2 were related to lower 0-1 year weight and height changes, higher 1-5 years weight and height changes but not to BMI changes, after controlling for a wide range of potential confounding variables including parental BMI. Scores on pattern-3 were not significantly related to growth. Additional adjustment for breastfeeding duration reduced the strength of the associations between pattern-2 and growth but not those between pattern-1 and height growth. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the relevance of considering infant feeding patterns including breastfeeding duration, age of complementary foods introduction as well as type of foods used when examining effects of early infant feeding practices on later health. (c) 2017 World Obesity Federation.

Published
2017

35. Early factors related to carbohydrate and fat intake at 8 and 12 months: results from the EDEN mother–child cohort

Author

Christine Lange, M.-A. Charles, W L Yuan, Sophie Nicklaus, A. Forhan, Barbara Heude, B. de Lauzon-Guillain, Sandrine Lioret, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dietary Survey Unit Nutr Epidemiol OCA EN, Agence Française de Sécurité Sanitaire des Aliments, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Didit metaprogramme of INRA Foundation for Medical Research (FRM) National Agency for Research (ANR) National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante programme) French Ministry of Health (DGS) French Ministry of Research, Inserm Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A) Human Nutrition National Research Programmes, Paris-Sud University Nestle French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS) French National Institute for Health Education (INPES) European Union FP7 programmes (FP7, HELIX, ESCAPE, ENRIECO, Medall projects) Diabetes National Research Programme (French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD) ANSES Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN) French National Agency for Food Security French-speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Vitamin, Adult, multivariate-analysis, Calorie, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, dietary patterns, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physiology, Recommended Dietary Allowances, Cohort Studies, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, Eating, Fat intake, medicine, Dietary Carbohydrates, Humans, Food science, Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, 2. Zero hunger, 030109 nutrition & dietetics, Nutrition and Dietetics, business.industry, infants, Infant, eating habits, Feeding Behavior, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, food-intake, Carbohydrate, medicine.disease, Obesity, Dietary Fats, 3. Good health, Diet, Breast Feeding, chemistry, age, principal-components, Cohort, Female, sociodemographic characteristics, business, Energy Intake, energy-intake, Body mass index, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, associations
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Few studies have examined the factors explaining the variability in fat and carbohydrate intake during infancy. We aimed to describe infants' fat and carbohydrate intake and analyse the associations with infant and maternal characteristics and feeding practices.SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study included 1275 infants aged 8 months from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Carbohydrate intake, fat intake, added fat (vegetable oils and animal fats) and added sugar (honey, white sugar, brown sugar, jam and sweetened beverages) consumption were calculated at 8 and 12 months. Associations between these variables and infant and maternal characteristics as well as maternal dietary patterns during pregnancy, breast-feeding duration and age at complementary feeding introduction were analysed using multivariable linear and logistic regressions.RESULTS: Less than 5% of non-breast-fed infants reached the recommendation of consuming at least 40% of total energy from fat, whereas more than 95% of them reached 45% of energy from carbohydrates. Overall, infant and maternal characteristics and maternal diet during pregnancy were marginally associated with both carbohydrate/added sugar and fat/added fat intake. Nevertheless, age at complementary feeding introduction was associated with all outcomes.CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that only a small proportion of non-breast-fed infants at 8 and 12 months reached the recommendations for fat intake, whereas a majority of them reached the recommendations for carbohydrate intake. As subgroups of infants with a higher risk of inadequate diet were not identified, the present results call for an improved dissemination of information regarding infant-specific dietary fat needs in the entire population.

Published
2017

36. Influence of infant feeding patterns over the first year of life on growth from birth to 5 years

Author

Betoko, Aisha, Lioret, Sandrine, Heude, Barbara, Hankard, Regis, Carles, Sophie, Forhan, Anne, Regnault, Nolwenn, Botton, Jérémie, Charles, Marie, de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Déterminants sociaux de santé - Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance - - SOFI2012 - ANR-12-DSSA-0001 - DSS - VALID, Determining factors and critical periods in food habit formation and breaking in early childhood: a multidisciplinary approach - HABEAT - - EC:FP7:KBBE2010-01-01 - 2014-04-30 - 245012 - VALID, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Nutrition, croissance et cancer (U 1069) (N2C), Université de Tours (UT)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Francois Rabelais [Tours], Faculté de Pharmacie, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), We acknowledge all funding sources for the EDEN study: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: Federative Research Institutes and Cohort Program, INSERM Human Nutrition National Research Program, and Diabetes National Research Program (through a collaboration with the French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD)), French Ministry of Health, French Agency for Environment Security (AFSSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Paris–Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l’Education Nationale (MGEN), French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), National Agency for Research (ANR non thematic program), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Program (FP7/ 2007-2013) under the grant agreement n°FP7-245012- HabEat and from the National Agency for Research (ANR Social determinants of health program) under the grant agreement n°ANR-12-DSSA-0001 (SOFI project). Aisha Betoko was supported by a research grant from the French Ministry for Higher Education and Research., The EDEN mother-child cohort study group, ANR-12-DSSA-0001,SOFI,Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance(2012), and European Project: 245012,EC:FP7:KBBE,FP7-KBBE-2009-3,HABEAT(2010)

Subjects
preschool children, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, growth, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, feeding patterns, Birth cohort
Abstract

International audience; OBJECTIVES: As early-life feeding experiences may influence later health, we aimed to examine relations between feeding patterns over the first year of life and child's growth in the first 5 years of life. METHODS: Our analysis included 1022 children from the EDEN mother-child cohort. Three feeding patterns were previously identified, i.e. 'Later dairy products introduction and use of ready-prepared baby foods' (pattern-1), 'Long breastfeeding, later main meal food introduction and use of home-made foods' (pattern-2) and 'Use of ready-prepared adult foods' (pattern-3). Associations between the feeding patterns and growth [weight, height and body mass index {BMI}] were analysed by multivariable linear regressions. Anthropometric changes were assessed by the final value adjusted for the initial value. RESULTS: Even though infant feeding patterns were not related to anthropometric measurements at 1, 3 and 5 years, high scores on pattern-1 were associated with higher 1-3 years weight and height changes. High scores on pattern-2 were related to lower 0-1 year weight and height changes, higher 1-5 years weight and height changes but not to BMI changes, after controlling for a wide range of potential confounding variables including parental BMI. Scores on pattern-3 were not significantly related to growth. Additional adjustment for breastfeeding duration reduced the strength of the associations between pattern-2 and growth but not those between pattern-1 and height growth. CONCLUSION: Our findings emphasize the relevance of considering infant feeding patterns including breastfeeding duration, age of complementary foods introduction as well as type of foods used when examining effects of early infant feeding practices on later health. (c) 2017 World Obesity Federation.

Published
2017

37. Night-waking trajectories and associated factors in French preschoolers from the EDEN birth-cohort

Author

Barbara Heude, A. Forhan, Sabine Plancoulaine, Marie-Aline Charles, Eve Reynaud, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale ARS-3.29, French National Research Agency (ANR) 03-BLAN-0359-01 , 06-SEST-03501, 06-SEST-03502, National Institute For Research In Public Health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante program), French Ministry of Health (DGS) CV 05000146, Ministry of Research, France, INSERM Bone and Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A) Human Nutrition National Research Programs 4NU06G, Paris-Sud University, Nestle, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS) 05-PCTT2043, Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm) 007/05 DAS, European Union FP7 programs, Diabetes National Research Program, and Mutuelle Generale de l'Education Nationale complementary Impact Factor: Journal Citation ReportsCategories / ClassificationResearch Areas:Neurosciences & NeurologyWeb of Science Categories:Clinical Neurology

Subjects
Parents, Passive smoking, media_common.quotation_subject, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Somnambulism, Population, Sleep maintenance disorders, Shyness, medicine.disease_cause, Logistic regression, Developmental psychology, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Emotionality, Risk Factors, 030225 pediatrics, Intervention (counseling), medicine, Humans, Early childhood, Longitudinal Studies, education, Child, Temperament, Life Style, media_common, education.field_of_study, [SDV.MHEP.PED]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Pediatrics, [SDV.NEU.PC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC]/Psychology and behavior, Depression, Confounding, General Medicine, Logistic Models, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, Multivariate Analysis, Disease Progression, Group-based trajectory modeling, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, France, Self Report, Psychology, Arousal, Sleep, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

International audience; Night waking in preschoolers has been associated with adverse health outcomes in cross-sectional studies, but has rarely been analyzed in a longitudinal setting. Therefore, little is known about the evolution of night waking in early childhood. The objectives of the present study were: to identify night-waking trajectories in preschoolers, and to examine the risk factors associated with those trajectories. Analyses were based on the French birth-cohort study EDEN, which recruited 2002 pregnant women between 2003 and 2006. Data on a child's night waking at the ages of two, three, and five, six years, and potential confounders, were collected through parental self-reported questionnaires. Night-waking trajectories were computerized using group-based trajectory modeling on 1346 children. Two distinct developmental patterns were identified: the "2-5 rare night-waking" (77% of the children) and the "2-5 common night-waking" pattern. Logistic regressions were performed to identify the factors associated with the trajectories. Risk factors for belonging to the "2-5 common night-waking" trajectory were: exposure to passive smoking at home, daycare in a collective setting, watching television for extended periods, bottle feeding at night, high emotionality, and low shyness. This approach allowed identification of risk factors associated with night waking during a critical age window, and laid the groundwork for identifying children at higher risk of deleterious sleep patterns. Those risk factors were mainly living habits, which indicated that prevention and intervention programs could be highly beneficial in this population.

Published
2016

38. The European guideline on management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma: fourth edition

Author

Beverley J. Hunt, Radko Komadina, Timothy J Coats, Vladimir Cerny, Arthur Schultz, Yves Ozier, Enrique Fernández-Mondéjar, Jean Louis Vincent, Jacques Duranteau, Giuseppe Nardi, Daniela Filipescu, Louis Riddez, Rolf Rossaint, Donat R. Spahn, Edmund Neugebauer, Bertil Bouillon, University of Zurich, Spahn, Donat R, [Rossaint,R] Department of Anaesthesiology, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany. [Bouillon,B] Department of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne-Merheim Medical Centre, Cologne, Germany. [Cerny,V] Department of Anaesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Intensive Care, J.E. Purkinje University, Masaryk Hospital, Usti nad Labem, Czech Republic. Department of Research and Development, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic. Department of Anaesthesia, Pain Management and Perioperative Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, QE II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Canada. [Coats,TJ] Emergency Medicine Academic Group, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK. [Duranteau,J] Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, University of Paris, Faculté de Médecine Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Cedex, France. [Fernández-Mondéjar,E] Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Granada, Granada, Spain. [Filipescu,D] Department of Cardiac Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, C. C. Iliescu Emergency Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Bucharest, Romania. [Hunt,BJ] King’s College, Departments of Haematology, Pathology and Lupus, Guy’s and St Thomas’ NHS Foundation Trust,London, UK. [Komadina,R] Department of Traumatology, General and Teaching Hospital Celje, Celje, Slovenia. [Nardi,G] Shock and Trauma Centre, S. Camillo Hospital, Rome, Italy. [Neugebauer,EAM] Faculty of Health - School of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, Cologne, Germany. [Ozier,Y] Division of Anaesthesia, Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France. [Riddez,L] Department of Surgery and Trauma, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, Sweden. [Schultz,A] Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology, Lorenz Boehler Trauma Centre, Vienna, Austria. [Vincent,JL] Department of Intensive Care, Erasme University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium. [Spahn,DR] Institute of Anaesthesiology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland., and The development of this guideline was initiated and performed by the authors as members of the Task Force for Advanced Bleeding Care in Trauma. Members of the task force were compensated for their presence at one face-to-face meeting, but not for the time invested in developing and reviewing the recommendations or manuscript. Meeting organisation and medical writing support for literature searches and manuscript preparation were provided by Physicians World Europe GmbH (Mannheim, Germany). Costs incurred for medical writing support, travel, hotel accommodation, meeting facilities, honoraria and publication were supported by unrestricted grants from CSL Behring GmbH (Marburg, Germany) and LFB Biomédicaments (Courtaboeuf, France).

Subjects
Guiding Principles, Trastornos de la coagulación sanguínea, Diseases::Hemic and Lymphatic Diseases::Hematologic Diseases::Blood Coagulation Disorders [Medical Subject Headings], 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, Scientific evidence, Organisms::Eukaryota::Animals::Chordata::Vertebrates::Mammals::Primates::Haplorhini::Catarrhini::Hominidae::Humans [Medical Subject Headings], 0302 clinical medicine, Hemorragia, Disease management (health), Metas, Resucitación, Chemicals and Drugs::Chemical Actions and Uses::Pharmacologic Actions::Therapeutic Uses::Hematologic Agents::Anticoagulants [Medical Subject Headings], Evidence-Based Medicine, Algoritmos, Geographicals::Geographic Locations::Europe [Medical Subject Headings], Disease Management, Health Care::Health Services Administration::Organization and Administration::Safety Management [Medical Subject Headings], Blood Coagulation Disorders, Humanos, Europe, Consenso, Health Care::Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation::Quality Assurance, Health Care::Guidelines as Topic [Medical Subject Headings], Centros Traumatológicos, Medical emergency, Safety management systems, 2706 Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Phenomena and Processes::Mathematical Concepts::Algorithms [Medical Subject Headings], 10216 Institute of Anesthesiology, 610 Medicine & health, Guidelines as Topic, Hemorrhage, Diseases::Pathological Conditions, Signs and Symptoms::Pathologic Processes::Hemorrhage [Medical Subject Headings], Permissive hypotension, Health Care::Health Care Economics and Organizations::Social Control, Formal::Jurisprudence::Expert Testimony [Medical Subject Headings], 03 medical and health sciences, Testimonio de experto, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Motivation::Goals [Medical Subject Headings], Analytical, Diagnostic and Therapeutic Techniques and Equipment::Therapeutics::Emergency Treatment::Resuscitation [Medical Subject Headings], medicine, Humans, Europa (Continente), Emergency Treatment, Psychiatry and Psychology::Behavior and Behavior Mechanisms::Psychology, Social::Group Processes::Consensus [Medical Subject Headings], business.industry, Research, Généralités, 030208 emergency & critical care medicine, Evidence-based medicine, Guideline, medicine.disease, Health Care::Health Care Facilities, Manpower, and Services::Health Facilities::Hospital Administration::Hospital Departments::Emergency Service, Hospital::Trauma Centers [Medical Subject Headings], Anticoagulantes, Clinical trial, Emergency medicine, Wounds and Injuries, Guías como asunto, business, Gestión de la seguridad
Abstract

Background: Severe trauma continues to represent a global public health issue and mortality and morbidity in trauma patients remains substantial. A number of initiatives have aimed to provide guidance on the management of trauma patients. This document focuses on the management of major bleeding and coagulopathy following trauma and encourages adaptation of the guiding principles to each local situation and implementation within each institution. Methods: The pan-European, multidisciplinary Task Force for Advanced Bleeding Care in Trauma was founded in 2004 and included representatives of six relevant European professional societies. The group used a structured, evidence-based consensus approach to address scientific queries that served as the basis for each recommendation and supporting rationale. Expert opinion and current clinical practice were also considered, particularly in areas in which randomised clinical trials have not or cannot be performed. Existing recommendations were reconsidered and revised based on new scientific evidence and observed shifts in clinical practice; new recommendations were formulated to reflect current clinical concerns and areas in which new research data have been generated. This guideline represents the fourth edition of a document first published in 2007 and updated in 2010 and 2013. Results: The guideline now recommends that patients be transferred directly to an appropriate trauma treatment centre and encourages use of a restricted volume replacement strategy during initial resuscitation. Best-practice use of blood products during further resuscitation continues to evolve and should be guided by a goal-directed strategy. The identification and management of patients pre-treated with anticoagulant agents continues to pose a real challenge, despite accumulating experience and awareness. The present guideline should be viewed as an educational aid to improve and standardise the care of the bleeding trauma patients across Europe and beyond. This document may also serve as a basis for local implementation. Furthermore, local quality and safety management systems need to be established to specifically assess key measures of bleeding control and outcome. Conclusions: A multidisciplinary approach and adherence to evidence-based guidance are key to improving patient outcomes. The implementation of locally adapted treatment algorithms should strive to achieve measureable improvements in patient outcome., SCOPUS: ar.j, info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
2016

39. Multidimensionality of the relationship between social status and dietary patterns in early childhood: longitudinal results from the French EDEN mother-child cohort

Author

Marie Aline Charles, Jonathan Bernard, Sabine Plancoulaine, Jérémie Botton, Regis HANKARD, Blandine De Lauzon-Guillain, Xavier FRITEL, Marie-Josephe Saurel-Cubizolles, Sandrine Lioret, Johanna Lepeule, Barbara Heude, Alice Germa, Patricia Dargent-Molina, Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité ( CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A 1125) ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Sorbonne Paris Cité ( USPC ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution ( ESE ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Support for the EDEN mother-child cohort (Étude des Déterminants pré- etpostnatals précoces du développement et de la santé de l’ENfant) was providedby the following organizations: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, FrenchMinistry of Research Institut Fédératif de Recherche and Cohort Program,INSERM Nutrition Research Program, French Ministry of Health PerinatalProgram, French Agency for Environment Security (AFFSET), French NationalInstitute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), Paris-Sud University, FrenchNational Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale del’Éducation Nationale, French Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetesand Metabolism (Alfediam), National Agency for Research (ANR nonthematicprogram), and National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP TGIRCohorte Santé 2008 Program). The study sponsors were not involved in thestudy design, data collection, or data analyses. The present study was supportedby the National Agency for Research (ANR Social determinants of health pro-gram) under the grant agreement n°ANR-12-DSSA-0001 (SOFI project)., EDEN mother-child cohort study group, ANR-12-DSSA-0001,SOFI,Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance ( 2012 ), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Ecologie Systématique et Evolution (ESE), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-12-DSSA-0001,SOFI,Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance(2012), BMC, BMC, and Déterminants sociaux de santé - Déterminants socio-culturel des pratiques alimentaires dans l'enfance - - SOFI2012 - ANR-12-DSSA-0001 - DSS - VALID

Subjects
Adult, Male, Parents, Gerontology, Adolescent, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Mothers, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Social class, Cohort Studies, Young Adult, Pregnancy, Humans, Medicine, Social inequality, Early childhood, Child Care, Young adult, Dietary patterns, 2. Zero hunger, Toddlers, Nutrition and Dietetics, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], business.industry, Research, Preschool children, Feeding Behavior, Middle Aged, Socio-economic position, Mother-Child Relations, Diet, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], Social Class, Socioeconomic Factors, Child, Preschool, Cohort, Fast Foods, Household income, Female, France, business, Social status, Cohort study, Demography, Social inequalities
Abstract

International audience; AbstractBackgroundThe association between socioeconomic position and diet in early childhood has mainly been addressed based on maternal education and household income. We aimed to assess the influence of a variety of social factors from different socio-ecological levels (parents, household and child-care) on multi-time point dietary patterns identified from 2 to 5 y.MethodThis study included 974 children from the French EDEN mother-child cohort. Two multi-time point dietary patterns were derived in a previous study: they correspond to consistent exposures to either core- or non-core foods across 2, 3 and 5 y and were labelled “Guidelines” and “Processed, fast-foods”. The associations of various social factors collected during pregnancy (age, education level) or at 2-y follow-up (mother’s single status, occupation, work commitments, household financial disadvantage, presence of older siblings and child-care arrangements) with each of the two dietary patterns, were assessed by multivariable linear regression analysis.ResultsThe adherence to a diet close to “Guidelines” was positively and independently associated with both maternal and paternal education levels. The adherence to a diet consistently composed of processed and fast-foods was essentially linked with maternal variables (younger age and lower education level), household financial disadvantage, the presence of older sibling (s) and being cared for at home by someone other than the mother.ConclusionsMultiple social factors operating at different levels (parents, household, and child-care) were found to be associated with the diet of young children. Different independent predictors were found for each of the two longitudinal dietary patterns, suggesting distinct pathways of influence. Our findings further suggest that interventions promoting healthier dietary choices for young children should involve both parents and take into account not only household financial disadvantage but also maternal age, family size and options for child-care.

Published
2015

40. Systematic comparison of small RNA library preparation protocols for next-generation sequencing

Author

Cloelia Dard-Dascot, Delphine Naquin, Yves d’Aubenton-Carafa, Karine Alix, Erwin van Dijk, Claude Thermes, Plateforme de séquençage à haut débit (NGS), Département Plateforme (PF I2BC), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) (GQE-Le Moulon), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Van Dijk, Erwin, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule (I2BC), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), ProdInra, Archive Ouverte, Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Center for Scientific Research (CNRS), French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), Paris-Sud University, Plateforme de séquençage à haut débit ( NGS ), Département Plateforme ( PF I2BC ), Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule ( I2BC ), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut de Biologie Intégrative de la Cellule ( I2BC ), Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ), Génétique Quantitative et Evolution - Le Moulon (Génétique Végétale) ( GQE-Le Moulon ), and Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -AgroParisTech-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Small RNA, Library preparation, lcsh:QH426-470, lcsh:Biotechnology, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Piwi-interacting RNA, Computational biology, Biology, DNA sequencing, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Adapter (genetics), New england, Bias, lcsh:TP248.13-248.65, microRNA, Genetics, Animals, Humans, small RNA, Gene Library, [ SDV ] Life Sciences [q-bio], Sequence Analysis, RNA, Methodology Article, Computational Biology, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Reproducibility of Results, Plants, [SDV] Life Sciences [q-bio], MicroRNAs, lcsh:Genetics, 030104 developmental biology, Next-generation sequencing, NGS, 2 '-O-methyl RNA, BIAS, 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis, Nucleic Acid Conformation, 2’-O-methyl RNA, next-generation sequencing, DNA microarray, Biotechnology
Abstract

Background Next-generation sequencing technologies have revolutionized the study of small RNAs (sRNAs) on a genome-wide scale. However, classical sRNA library preparation methods introduce serious bias, mainly during adapter ligation steps. Several types of sRNA including plant microRNAs (miRNA), piwi-interacting RNAs (piRNA) in insects, nematodes and mammals, and small interfering RNAs (siRNA) in insects and plants contain a 2’-O-methyl (2’-OMe) modification at their 3′ terminal nucleotide. This inhibits 3′ adapter ligation and makes library preparation particularly challenging. To reduce bias, the NEBNext kit (New England Biolabs) uses polyethylene glycol (PEG), the NEXTflex V2 kit (BIOO Scientific) uses both randomised adapters and PEG, and the novel SMARTer (Clontech) and CATS (Diagenode) kits avoid ligation altogether. Here we compared these methods with Illumina’s classical TruSeq protocol regarding the detection of normal and 2’ OMe RNAs. In addition, we modified the TruSeq and NEXTflex protocols to identify conditions that improve performance. Results Among the five kits tested with their respective standard protocols, the SMARTer and CATS kits had the lowest levels of bias but also had a strong formation of side products, and as a result performed relatively poorly with biological samples; NEXTflex detected the largest numbers of different miRNAs. The use of a novel type of randomised adapters called MidRand-Like (MRL) adapters and PEG improved the detection of 2’ OMe RNAs both in the TruSeq as well as in the NEXTflex protocol. Conclusions While it is commonly accepted that biases in sRNA library preparation protocols are mainly due to adapter ligation steps, the ligation-free protocols were not the best performing methods. Our modified versions of the TruSeq and NEXTflex protocols provide an improved tool for the study of 2’ OMe RNAs. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12864-018-4491-6) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

Published
2015

41. Pre-Pregnancy Body Mass Index and Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Relations with Gestational Diabetes and Hypertension, and Birth Outcomes

Author

Monique Kaminski, Anne Forhan, Olivier Thiebaugeorges, Marie-Aline Charles, Michel Schweitzer, Bernard Foliguet, Guillaume Magnin, Valérie Goua, Barbara Heude, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations ( CESP ), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines ( UVSQ ) -Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Service de Foetopathologie et placentologie [CHRU Nancy], Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Nancy ( CHRU Nancy ), Service de gynécologie et obstétrique [Poitiers], Université de Poitiers-Centre hospitalier universitaire de Poitiers ( CHU Poitiers ), Recherche Epidémiologique en Santé Périnatale et Santé des Femmes et des Enfants ( UMR_S 953 ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), We acknowledge all the funding sources for the EDEN study: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research: IFR and Cohort program, INSERM Nutrition Research Program, French Ministry of Health Perinatality Program, French Agency for Environment Security (AFFSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), Paris-Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, Mutuelle Générale de l'Education Nationale (MGEN), French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (Alfediam), National Agency for Research (ANR non thematic program), National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte santé 2008 program), and EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study group

Subjects
Epidemiology, Weight Gain, Body Mass Index, Fetal Macrosomia, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Risk Factors, Birth Weight, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, 2. Zero hunger, MESH : Pregnancy Outcome, 030219 obstetrics & reproductive medicine, Obstetrics, Pregnancy Outcome, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Gestational age, MESH : Weight Gain, MESH : Infant, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH : Adult, MESH : Maternal Age, MESH : Risk Factors, 3. Good health, Gestational diabetes, MESH : Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, Gestation, MESH : Obesity, Female, gestational diabetes, medicine.symptom, Maternal Age, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, hypertension, Birth weight, Gestational Age, Article, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Fetal macrosomia, Humans, Obesity, business.industry, MESH : Humans, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Infant, MESH : Birth Weight, Hypertension, Pregnancy-Induced, medicine.disease, MESH : Pregnancy, MESH : Body Mass Index, Diabetes, Gestational, MESH : Fetal Macrosomia, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, MESH : Diabetes, Gestational, business, Body mass index, Weight gain, MESH : Gestational Age
Abstract

International audience; To study the relationship between pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) and weight gain during pregnancy with pregnancy and birth outcomes, with a focus on gestational diabetes and hypertension and their role in the association with fetal growth. We studied 1,884 mothers and offspring from the Eden mother-child cohort. Weight before pregnancy (W1) and weight after delivery (W2) were collected and we calculated BMI and net gestational weight gain (netGWG = (W2 - W1)/(weeks of gestation)). Gestational diabetes, hypertension gestational age and birth weight were collected. We used multivariate linear or logistic models to study the association between BMI, netGWG and pregnancy and birth outcomes, adjusting for center, maternal age and height, parity and average number of cigarettes smoked per day during pregnancy. High BMI was more strongly related to the risk of giving birth to a large-for-gestational-age (LGA) baby than high netGWG (odds ratio OR [95% CI] of 3.23 [1.86-5.60] and 1.61 [0.91-2.85], respectively). However, after excluding mothers with gestational diabetes or hypertension the ORs for LGA, respectively weakened (OR 2.57 [1.29-5.13]) for obese women and strengthened for high netGWG (OR 2.08 [1.14-3.80]). Low in comparison to normal netGWG had an OR of 2.18 [1.20-3.99] for pre-term birth, which became stronger after accounting for blood pressure and glucose disorders (OR 2.70 [1.37-5.34]). Higher net gestational weight gain was significantly associated with an increased risk of LGA only after accounting for blood pressure and glucose disorders. High gestational weight gain should not be neglected in regard to risk of LGA in women without apparent risk factors.

Published
2011

42. Adaptive Horizontal Gene Transfers between Multiple Cheese-Associated Fungi

Author

Ropars, Jeanne, Rodriguez De La Vega, Ricardo, Lopez-Villavicencio, Manuela, Gouzy, Jerome, Sallet, Erika, Dumas, Emilie, Lacoste, Sandrine, Debuchy, Robert, Dupont, Joelle, Branca, Antoine, Giraud, Tatiana, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Systématique et Évolution, Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN), Interactions plantes-microorganismes et santé végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de génétique et microbiologie [Orsay] (IGM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université Paris-Saclay, Univ. Paris-Sud, AgroParisTech, ANR FROMA-GEN grant [ANR-12-PDOC-0030], Paris-Sud University, ERC starting grant GenomeFun [309403], Marie Curie postdoctoral fellowship (FP7 COFUND PRES-SUD) [246556], ANR grant 'Food, European Project: 309403,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2012-StG_20111109,GENOMEFUN(2013), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
convergence, Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), Gene Transfer, Horizontal, Champignons Penicillium, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Penicillium, Adaptation, Biological, Fungi, HGT, Domestication, Fromage, parallel adaptation, Phenotype, Bio-Industrie, Cheese, Report, gene expression, Food Microbiology, food spoiler, DNA, Fungal, Wallaby, CheesyTer
Abstract

Summary Domestication is an excellent model for studies of adaptation because it involves recent and strong selection on a few, identified traits [1–5]. Few studies have focused on the domestication of fungi, with notable exceptions [6–11], despite their importance to bioindustry [12] and to a general understanding of adaptation in eukaryotes [5]. Penicillium fungi are ubiquitous molds among which two distantly related species have been independently selected for cheese making—P. roqueforti for blue cheeses like Roquefort and P. camemberti for soft cheeses like Camembert. The selected traits include morphology, aromatic profile, lipolytic and proteolytic activities, and ability to grow at low temperatures, in a matrix containing bacterial and fungal competitors [13–15]. By comparing the genomes of ten Penicillium species, we show that adaptation to cheese was associated with multiple recent horizontal transfers of large genomic regions carrying crucial metabolic genes. We identified seven horizontally transferred regions (HTRs) spanning more than 10 kb each, flanked by specific transposable elements, and displaying nearly 100% identity between distant Penicillium species. Two HTRs carried genes with functions involved in the utilization of cheese nutrients or competition and were found nearly identical in multiple strains and species of cheese-associated Penicillium fungi, indicating recent selective sweeps; they were experimentally associated with faster growth and greater competitiveness on cheese and contained genes highly expressed in the early stage of cheese maturation. These findings have industrial and food safety implications and improve our understanding of the processes of adaptation to rapid environmental changes., Highlights • New HTRs are found in cheese fungi • HTRs are flanked by specific transposable elements • HTRs have spread in cheese-associated fungi through recent selective sweeps • Experiments link two HTRs to growth and competitive advantages on cheese, Ropars et al. report newly discovered horizontally transferred regions, flanked by specific transposable elements that allow cheese-making fungi and food spoilers to grow faster and be better competitors on cheese. These findings have industrial and food safety implications and also improve our understanding of adaptation processes.

Published
2015

43. Liver X receptors alpha and beta promote myelination and remyelination in the cerebellum

Author

Ghjuvan’Ghjacumu Shackleford, Eleni T. Tzavara, Michael Schumacher, Cyrille Deboux, Delphine Meffre, Abdel M. Ghoumari, Amalia Trousson, Brahim Nait Oumesmar, Philippe Liere, Victor Gorgievski, Julien Grenier, Charbel Massaad, Mehdi Hichor, Etienne-Emile Baulieu, Frédééric Charbonnier, Physiopathologie des maladies psychiatriques = Pathophysiology of Psychiatric Disorders (NPS-07), Neurosciences Paris Seine (NPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INSERM, CNRS, Paris Descartes University, Paris Sud University, Fondation pour l'Aide a la Recherche sur la Sclerose En Plaques (ARSEP) Foundation, Association Francaise contre les Myopathies (AFM), Neuropole de recherche francilien (NeRF) program, ARSEP, French Ministry of Research (Ministry of National Education, Research and Technology), Neuroscience Paris Seine (NPS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Male, LXR alpha and beta, Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated, cerebellum, Cellular differentiation, Spatial Learning, oligodendrocytes, Biology, 03 medical and health sciences, Myelin, Mice, 0302 clinical medicine, Organ Culture Techniques, Gene expression, medicine, Transcriptional regulation, Animals, Homeostasis, RNA, Messenger, Remyelination, Liver X receptor, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Myelin Sheath, 030304 developmental biology, Liver X Receptors, Regulation of gene expression, Mice, Knockout, 0303 health sciences, Sulfonamides, Multidisciplinary, myelination, Cell Differentiation, Biological Sciences, Orphan Nuclear Receptors, Hydroxycholesterols, Oligodendroglia, medicine.anatomical_structure, Cholesterol, Nuclear receptor, Gene Expression Regulation, nervous system, oxysterols, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], Neuroscience, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Psychomotor Performance
Abstract

International audience; The identification of new pathways governing myelination provides innovative avenues for remyelination. Liver X receptors (LXRs) a and beta are nuclear receptors activated by oxysterols that originated from the oxidation of cholesterol. They are crucial for cholesterol homeostasis, a major lipid constituent of myelin sheaths that are formed by oligodendrocytes. However, the role of LXRs in myelin generation and maintenance is poorly understood. Here, we show that LXRs are involved in myelination and remyelination processes. LXRs and their ligands are present in oligodendrocytes. We found that mice invalidated for LXRs exhibit altered motor coordination and spatial learning, thinner myelin sheaths, and reduced myelin gene expression. Conversely, activation of LXRs by either 25-hydroxycholesterol or synthetic TO901317 stimulates myelin gene expression at the promoter, mRNA, and protein levels, directly implicating LXR alpha/beta in the transcriptional control of myelin gene expression. Interestingly, activation of LXRs also promotes oligodendroglial cell maturation and remyelination after lysolecithin-induced demyelination of organotypic cerebellar slice cultures. Together, our findings represent a conceptual advance in the transcriptional control of myelin gene expression and strongly support a new role of LXRs as positive modulators in central (re) myelination processes.

Published
2015

44. pH sensitivity of FRET reporters based on cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins

Author

Elvire Guiot, Yasmina Bousmah, Fabienne Merola, Pierre Vincent, Dahdjim-Benoît Betolngar, Marie Erard, Hélène Pasquier, Awa Diop-Sy, Intégration cellulaire des Signaux Neuromodulateurs (ICSN), Adaptation Biologique et Vieillissement = Biological Adaptation and Ageing (B2A), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Region Ile-de-France (DIM Nanosciences IdF), Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique through the program NEEDS, Paris-Sud University, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), and Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
Resonant inductive coupling, FLIM, Nigericin, Intracellular pH, Cyan, Green Fluorescent Proteins, [SDV.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Cellular Biology, Biochemistry, Cell Line, Analytical Chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, Bacterial Proteins, AKAR, Cricetinae, Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer, Animals, Ionophores, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Citrine, Fluorescence, Aquamarine, Luminescent Proteins, Cytosol, Förster resonance energy transfer, chemistry, FRET, Biosensor
Abstract

International audience; It is generally acknowledged that the popular cyan and yellow fluorescent proteins carried by genetically encoded reporters suffer from strong pH sensitivities close to the physiological pH range. We studied the consequences of these pH responses on the intracellular signals of model Forster resonant energy transfer (FRET) tandems and FRET-based reporters of cAMP-dependent protein kinase activity (AKAR) expressed in the cytosol of living BHK cells, while changing the intracellular pH by means of the nigericin ionophore. Although the simultaneous pH sensitivities of the donor and the acceptor may mask each other in some cases, the magnitude of the perturbations can be very significant, as compared to the functional response of the AKAR biosensor. Replacing the CFP donor by the spectrally identical, but pH-insensitive Aquamarine variant (pK(1/2) = 3.3) drastically modifies the biosensor pH response and gives access to the acid transition of the yellow acceptor. We developed a simple model of pH-dependent FRET and used it to describe the expected pH-induced changes in fluorescence lifetime and ratiometric signals. This model qualitatively accounts for most of the observations, but reveals a complex behavior of the cytosolic AKAR biosensor at acid pHs, associated to additional FRET contributions. This study underlines the major and complex impact of pH changes on the signal of FRET reporters in the living cell.

Published
2015

45. Immunologic and Virologic Progression in HIV Controllers: The Role of Viral 'Blips' and Immune Activation in the ANRS CO21 CODEX Study

Author

Nicolas Noel, Nathalie Lerolle, Camille Lécuroux, Cécile Goujard, Alain Venet, Asier Saez-Cirion, Veronique Avettand-Fenoël, Laurence Meyer, Faroudy Boufassa, Olivier Lambotte, ANRS C021 CODEX Study Group, Immunologie des Maladies Virales et Autoimmunes (IMVA - U1184), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Service de Médecine Interne - Immunologie Clinique [AP-HP Bicêtre], AP-HP Hôpital Bicêtre (Le Kremlin-Bicêtre), Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), HIV, Inflammation et persistance, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Infection à VIH, réservoirs, diversité génétique et résistance aux antirétroviraux (ARV) (EA 7327), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Nicolas Noel received a PhD fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM). This work was funded by the Agence Nationale pour la Recherche contre le SIDA (ANRS), INSERM and Paris-Sud University., Saez-Cirion, Asier, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), HIV, Inflammation et persistance - HIV, Inflammation and Persistence, Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), APHP, Service de Médecine Interne-Immunologie Clinique, Hôpitaux Universitaires Paris Sud, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpital Paul Brousse - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP]

Subjects
Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, Male, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, T cell, lcsh:Medicine, HIV Infections, Lymphocyte Activation, HIV Long-Term Survivors, Basal (phylogenetics), Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active, medicine, Cytotoxic T cell, Humans, lcsh:Science, [SDV.MP.VIR] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Multidisciplinary, business.industry, lcsh:R, virus diseases, Middle Aged, Viral Load, Prognosis, Virology, 3. Good health, CD4 Lymphocyte Count, medicine.anatomical_structure, Viral replication, Immunology, Cohort, [SDV.MP.VIR]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Microbiology and Parasitology/Virology, Disease Progression, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Female, lcsh:Q, business, Viral load, Immune activation, Research Article
Abstract

International audience; Some HIV controllers (HICs) experience CD4+T cell count loss and/or lose their ability to control HIV. In this study, we investigated the rate of immunologic and/or virologic progression (ImmP/VirP) and its determinants in the ANRS CO21/CODEX cohort. Immunologic progression was defined as a lasting fall in CD4+T cell count below 350/mm(3) or more than 200/mm(3) with a baseline count below 600/mm(3). Virologic progression was defined as a HIV viral load (VL) above 2000 copies/mL on two consecutive determinations. Clinical characteristics, immune activation, ultrasensitive HIV VL and total HIV DNA were analyzed. Disease progression was observed in 15 of the 217 patients followed up between 2009 and 2013 (ImmP, n = 10; VirP, n = 5). Progressors had higher ultrasensitive HIV RNA levels at inclusion (i.e. 1-2 years before progression) than non-progressors. ImmP had also lower CD4+T cell nadir and CD4+T cell count at inclusion, and VirP had higher HIV DNA levels in blood. T cell activation and IP10 levels at inclusion were significantly higher in ImmP than in non-progressors. In summary, the lasting loss of CD4+T cells, residual HIV replication and basal levels of immune activation appear to be major determinants of progression in HICs. These factors should be considered for adjusting their follow-up.

Published
2015

46. The Emergence of Linezolid Resistance among Enterococci in Intestinal Microbiota of Treated Patients Is Unrelated to Individual Pharmacokinetic Characteristics

Author

E. Senneville, Loubna Alavoine, L. Massias, F. Doucet-Populaire, Xavier Duval, A Lefort, F. Mentré, N. Bourgeois-Nicolaos, T. T. Nguyen, G. Defrance, A. Andremont, V. Noel, Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Ecosystème intestinal, probiotiques, antibiotiques (EA 4065), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Emergence de la résistance bactérienne in vivo (EA3964), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Reims (CHU Reims), Centre Hospitalier Gustave Dron, Écosystème Microbien Digestif et Santé, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), INSERM-RBM [04-03], FP7 EvoTAR, Paris-Descartes University, Paris Sud University, Assistance Publique des Hopitaux de Paris, and French National Academy of Medicine

Subjects
Adult, Male, medicine.drug_class, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Staphylococcus, Antibiotics, Biology, Clinical Therapeutics, medicine.disease_cause, Microbiology, chemistry.chemical_compound, Pharmacokinetics, 23S ribosomal RNA, Acetamides, Drug Resistance, Bacterial, medicine, Humans, Pharmacology (medical), Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections, Oxazolidinones, Aged, Pharmacology, Aged, 80 and over, Streptococcus, Linezolid, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, Middle Aged, Antimicrobial, biology.organism_classification, 3. Good health, Anti-Bacterial Agents, Intestines, Infectious Diseases, chemistry, Enterococcus, bacteria, Female
Abstract

Linezolid is an antimicrobial agent for the treatment of multiresistant Gram-positive infections. We assessed the impact of linezolid on the microbiota and the emergence of resistance and investigated its relationship with plasma pharmacokinetics of the antibiotic. Twenty-eight patients were treated for the first time with linezolid administered orally ( n = 17) or parenterally ( n = 11) at 600 mg twice a day. Linezolid plasma pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on day 7. Colonization by fecal enterococci, pharyngeal streptococci, and nasal staphylococci were assessed using selective media with or without supplemental linezolid. The resistance to linezolid was characterized. The treatment led to a decrease of enterococci, staphylococci, and streptococci in the fecal ( P = 0.03), nasal, and pharyngeal ( P < 0.01) microbiotas. The appearance of resistant strains was observed only in enterococci from the fecal microbiota between the 7th and 21st days of treatment in four patients (14.3%). The resistance was mainly due for the first time to the mutation G2447T in the 23S rRNA gene. No pharmacokinetic parameters were significantly different between the patients, regardless of the appearance of resistance. The emergence of linezolid resistance during treatment was observed only in the intestinal microbiota and unrelated to pharmacokinetic parameters. However, colonization by Gram-positive bacteria was reduced as a result of treatment in all microbiotas.

Published
2014

47. Elevated IP10 levels are associated with immune activation and low CD4⁺ T-cell counts in HIV controller patients

Author

Noel, Nicolas, Boufassa, Faroudy, Lecuroux, Camille, Saez-Cirion, Asier, Bourgeois, Christine, Dunyach-Remy, Catherine, Goujard, Cécile, Rouzioux, Christine, Meyer, Laurence, Pancino, Gianfranco, Venet, Alain, Lambotte, Olivier, Group, ANRS C021 CODEX Study, Régulation de la réponse immune, infection VIH-1 et autoimmunité, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de médecine interne, Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Bicêtre, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Régulation des Infections Rétrovirales, Institut Pasteur [Paris], Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes] (CHU Nîmes), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes (CHU Nîmes), Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses (VBMI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, Laboratoire de Virologie [CHU Necker], CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), N.N. received a PhD fellowship from the Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale (FRM). This work was funded by the Agence pour la Recherche Contre le SIDA (ANRS), INSERM and Paris-Sud University., Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpital Bicêtre, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ) - Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11) - Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - Hôpital Paul Brousse - Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Hôpital Universitaire Carémeau [Nîmes], Virulence bactérienne et maladies infectieuses, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM) - Université de Montpellier (UM), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) - CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Institut Pasteur [Paris] (IP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Necker - Enfants Malades [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)

Subjects
Male, Adult, CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes, endocrine system, [SDV.IMM] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, CD14, Immunology, Viremia, HIV Infections, Lymphocyte Activation, HIV Long-Term Survivors, Cohort Studies, Interferon, medicine, Immunology and Allergy, Humans, business.industry, Monocyte, Interleukin, Middle Aged, medicine.disease, 3. Good health, Chemokine CXCL10, Interleukin 10, Infectious Diseases, medicine.anatomical_structure, Disease Progression, Cytokines, [SDV.IMM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Immunology, Tumor necrosis factor alpha, Female, Cell activation, business, Biomarkers, medicine.drug
Abstract

International audience; BACKGROUND: Although HIV controllers (HICs) achieve long-term control of viremia in the absence of antiretroviral therapy (ART), they display marked immune activation. The levels of inflammatory biomarkers in HICs and the biomarkers' relationships with immunologic and virologic status have yet to be fully characterized. DESIGN: A cohort study. METHODS: Plasma levels of seven biomarkers [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)α, interleukin (IL)6, IL10, interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP1), soluble CD14 (sCD14), soluble CD163 (sCD163)] were compared in 70 HICs, 33 HIV-1-infected, treatment-naive noncontrollers (viremic patients), 30 ART-treated patients and 40 healthy donors. In HICs, we investigated the interplay between biomarkers, cell activation and the CD4⁺ T-cell count. RESULTS: HICs had higher levels of IP10, TNFα and sCD14 than healthy donors did (P \textless 0.01 for each). Also, TNFα and sCD14 levels of the HICs were similar to those measured in viremic and ART-treated patients. However, the levels of IL6 and IL10 were significantly lower in HICs than in viremic or ART-treated patients. In HICs, only IP10 levels differed significantly from those in both healthy donors and viremic patients, and were positively correlated with the expression of CD8⁺ and CD4⁺ T-cell activation markers. The IP10 levels of HICs were still elevated 12 and 24 months after the initial assay. Lastly, IP10 levels at enrollment were negatively correlated with the CD4⁺ T-cell count at enrollment and 12 months later. CONCLUSION: HICs display a number of inflammatory features associated with persistent T-cell immune activation.

Published
2014

48. Factors Associated with Breastfeeding Initiation: A Comparison between France and French-Speaking Canada

Author

Orla Doyle, Michel Boivin, Lisa-Christine Girard, Bruno Falissard, Monique Kaminski, Jonathan Y. Bernard, A. Forhan, Barbara Heude, Sylvana M. Côté, Marie-Josèphe Saurel-Cubizolles, Lise Dubois, Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Richard E. Tremblay, School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports Science [Dublin, Irlande], University College Dublin [Dublin] (UCD), UCD Geary Institute for Public Policy [Dublin, Irlande], Department of preventive and social medicine, University of Montreal, Tomsk State University [Tomsk], Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment [Montréal, QC, Canada], Université de Montréal (UdeM), Equipe 6 : ORCHAD - Origines précoces de la santé du développement de l'enfant (CRESS - U1153), Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Ottawa [Ottawa], School of Epidemiology PublicHealth and Preventive Medicine, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), UCD School of Economics [Dublin, Irlande], Equipe 1 : EPOPé - Épidémiologie Obstétricale, Périnatale et Pédiatrique (CRESS - U1153), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre de Recherche Épidémiologie et Statistique Sorbonne Paris Cité (CRESS (U1153 / UMR_A_1125 / UMR_S_1153)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Sorbonne Paris Cité (USPC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), School of Psychology, Université Laval [Québec] (ULaval), Departments of Pediatrics and Psychology, Fondation pour la Recherche Medicale, French National Research Agency (ANR), National Institute for Research in Public health (IRESP: TGIR cohorte sante program), French Ministry of Health (DGS), Ministry of Research, France, INSERM Bone, Joint Diseases National Research (PRO-A), Human Nutrition National Research Programs, Paris Sud University, Nestle, French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (InVS), Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale (Inserm), European Union (EU), Diabetes National Research Program through French Association of Diabetic Patients (AFD), Mutuelle Generale de ('Education Nationale a complementary health insurance (MGEN), French national agency for food security, French speaking association for the study of diabetes and metabolism (ALFEDIAM), Quebec Ministry of Health and Social Services of the Quebec Longitudinal Study of Child Development 19982002, European Project: 625014,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2013-IIF,INNODEVELOPMENT(2015), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Montréal. Faculté de médecine. Département de psychiatrie et d'addictologie, Université de Montréal. École de santé publique. Département de médecine sociale et préventive, de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, The Impact of Breastfeeding on Children’s Cognitive and Non-cognitive Development: One Step Closer to Addressing the Notion of Causality - INNODEVELOPMENT - - EC:FP7:PEOPLE2015-02-02 - 2017-02-01 - 625014 - VALID, and Ginsberg, Stephen D

Subjects
Epidemiology, Breastfeeding initiation, Maternal Health, Breastfeeding, lcsh:Medicine, Pediatrics, Geographical Locations, Cohort Studies, Families, Labor and Delivery, 0302 clinical medicine, Pregnancy, Medicine and Health Sciences, Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, lcsh:Science, Children, Language, Birth cohorts, Multidisciplinary, Quebec, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Europe, Breast Feeding, Cohort effect, Cohort, Female, France, Infants, Developed country, Research Article, Cohort study, Adult, Canada, medicine.medical_specialty, Mothers, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, Nursing, 030225 pediatrics, Breastfeeding determinants, Humans, business.industry, lcsh:R, medicine.disease, [SDV.AEN] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Age Groups, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, People and Places, North America, Multivariate Analysis, Birth, Women's Health, Population Groupings, lcsh:Q, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Neonatology, business, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Breast feeding, Demography
Abstract

BackgroundBreastfeeding is associated with multiple domains of health for both mothers and children. Nevertheless, breastfeeding initiation is low within certain developed countries. Furthermore, comparative studies of initiation rates using harmonised data across multiple regions is scarce.ObjectiveThe aim of the present study was to investigate and compare individual-level determinants of breastfeeding initiation using two French-speaking cohorts.MethodsParticipants included ~ 3,900 mothers enrolled in two cohort studies in Canada and France. Interviews, questionnaires, and medical records were utilised to collect information on maternal, family, and medical factors associated with breastfeeding initiation.ResultsRates of breastfeeding initiation were similar across cohorts, slightly above 70%. Women in both Canada and France who had higher levels of maternal education, were born outside of their respective countries and who did not smoke during pregnancy were more likely to initiate breastfeeding with the cohort infant. Notably, cohort effects of maternal education at the university level were found, whereby having ‘some university’ was not statistically significant for mothers in France. Further, younger mothers in Canada, who delivered by caesarean section and who had previous children, had reduced odds of breastfeeding initiation. These results were not found for mothers in France.Conclusions and Implications for PracticeWhile some similar determinants were observed, programming efforts to increase breastfeeding initiation should be tailored to the characteristics of specific geographical regions which may be heavily impacted by the social, cultural and political climate of the region, in addition to individual and family level factors.

Published
2016

49. The dietary n6:n3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy is inversely associated with child neurodevelopment in the EDEN mother-child cohort

Author

Bernard, Jonathan, de Agostini, Maria, Forhan, Anne, de Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine, Charles, Marie-Aline, Heude, Barbara, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Support for the EDEN study (Étude des Déterminantspré- et postnatalsprécoces du développement et de la santé de l'ENfant): Fondation pour la RechercheMédicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research IFR and Cohort Program, INSERM Nutrition Research Program, French Ministry of Health Perinatality Program, French Agency for Environment Security (AFFSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), Paris-Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, MutuelleGénérale de l'ÉducationNationale (MGEN), French Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (Alfediam), National Agency for Research (ANR nonthematic program), and National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP TGIR Cohorte Santé 2008 Program)., the EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study Group, and De Lauzon-Guillain, Blandine

Subjects
MESH: Meat, MESH: Child Development, MESH: Humans, MESH: Milk, Human, MESH: Questionnaires, MESH: Child, Preschool, MESH: Adult, MESH: Nutrition Assessment, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, MESH: Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, MESH: Brain, MESH: Fishes, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Diet, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-3, MESH: Young Adult, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Breast Feeding, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-6, MESH: Animals, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) of the n6 (ω6) and n3 series are essential for the development of a child's brain. Fetal LC-PUFA exposure as well as infant exposure via breast milk depend on the maternal intake of these LC-PUFAs and of their respective dietary precursors (PUFAs). We aimed to investigate the associations between maternal LC-PUFA and PUFA [(LC)PUFA] dietary intake during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment at ages 2 and 3 y. In 1335 mother-child pairs from the EDEN cohort, we evaluated associations between daily maternal (LC)PUFA intake during the last 3 months of pregnancy with the child's language at age 2 y and with different assessments of development at age 3 y. Associations were investigated separately in breastfed and never-breastfed children. We examined interactions between the ratios of n6 and n3 (LC)PUFA intakes (n6:n3 fatty acid ratio) and duration of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding mothers had a lower n6:n3 fatty acid ratio (8.4 vs. 8.8; P = 0.02). Among never-breastfed children (n = 338), we found negative associations between maternal dietary n6:n3 fatty acid ratios and neurodevelopment, as reflected by the child's language at age 2 y (β ± SE = -2.1 ± 0.7; P = 0.001) and development assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire at age 3 y (-1.5 ± 0.8; P = 0.05). Among mothers with a high n6:n3 fatty acid ratio only, breastfeeding duration was positively associated with language at age 2 y (P-interaction < 0.05). This suggests that the ratio between maternal dietary n6 and n3 (LC)PUFA intake possibly influences the child's brain development during fetal life but not during or by breastfeeding. However, breastfeeding might compensate for prenatal imbalance in maternal dietary n6:n3 fatty acid ratio.

Published
2013

50. The dietary n6:n3 fatty acid ratio during pregnancy is inversely associated with child neurodevelopment in the EDEN mother-child cohort.: Dietary PUFA in pregnancy and infant development

Author

Blandine de Lauzon-Guillain, Maria De Agostini, Anne Forhan, Marie-Aline Charles, Barbara Heude, Jonathan Y. Bernard, Centre de recherche en épidémiologie et santé des populations (CESP), Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Hôpital Paul Brousse-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Support for the EDEN study (Étude des Déterminantspré- et postnatalsprécoces du développement et de la santé de l'ENfant): Fondation pour la RechercheMédicale (FRM), French Ministry of Research IFR and Cohort Program, INSERM Nutrition Research Program, French Ministry of Health Perinatality Program, French Agency for Environment Security (AFFSET), French National Institute for Population Health Surveillance (INVS), Paris-Sud University, French National Institute for Health Education (INPES), Nestlé, MutuelleGénérale de l'ÉducationNationale (MGEN), French Speaking Association for the Study of Diabetes and Metabolism (Alfediam), National Agency for Research (ANR nonthematic program), and National Institute for Research in Public Health (IRESP TGIR Cohorte Santé 2008 Program)., and the EDEN Mother-Child Cohort Study Group

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, 030309 nutrition & dietetics, Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Breastfeeding, Medicine (miscellaneous), Physiology, 0302 clinical medicine, Child Development, MESH: Pregnancy, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-3, Pregnancy, Surveys and Questionnaires, MESH: Fatty Acids, Omega-6, MESH: Animals, 030212 general & internal medicine, Prospective Studies, 2. Zero hunger, chemistry.chemical_classification, MESH: Meat, 0303 health sciences, Nutrition and Dietetics, MESH: Milk, Human, Fishes, Brain, MESH: Nutrition Assessment, MESH: Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena, Breast Feeding, MESH: Young Adult, Child, Preschool, MESH: Breast Feeding, Female, Polyunsaturated fatty acid, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Meat, Biology, Breast milk, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, MESH: Brain, MESH: Diet, Fatty Acids, Omega-6, Fatty Acids, Omega-3, medicine, Animals, Humans, MESH: Child Development, MESH: Humans, Milk, Human, MESH: Questionnaires, MESH: Child, Preschool, Fatty acid, Infant exposure, MESH: Adult, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, MESH: Prospective Studies, Diet, Nutrition Assessment, MESH: Fishes, chemistry, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Breast feeding, MESH: Female
Abstract

International audience; Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFAs) of the n6 (ω6) and n3 series are essential for the development of a child's brain. Fetal LC-PUFA exposure as well as infant exposure via breast milk depend on the maternal intake of these LC-PUFAs and of their respective dietary precursors (PUFAs). We aimed to investigate the associations between maternal LC-PUFA and PUFA [(LC)PUFA] dietary intake during pregnancy and child neurodevelopment at ages 2 and 3 y. In 1335 mother-child pairs from the EDEN cohort, we evaluated associations between daily maternal (LC)PUFA intake during the last 3 months of pregnancy with the child's language at age 2 y and with different assessments of development at age 3 y. Associations were investigated separately in breastfed and never-breastfed children. We examined interactions between the ratios of n6 and n3 (LC)PUFA intakes (n6:n3 fatty acid ratio) and duration of breastfeeding. Breastfeeding mothers had a lower n6:n3 fatty acid ratio (8.4 vs. 8.8; P = 0.02). Among never-breastfed children (n = 338), we found negative associations between maternal dietary n6:n3 fatty acid ratios and neurodevelopment, as reflected by the child's language at age 2 y (β ± SE = -2.1 ± 0.7; P = 0.001) and development assessed with the Ages and Stages Questionnaire at age 3 y (-1.5 ± 0.8; P = 0.05). Among mothers with a high n6:n3 fatty acid ratio only, breastfeeding duration was positively associated with language at age 2 y (P-interaction < 0.05). This suggests that the ratio between maternal dietary n6 and n3 (LC)PUFA intake possibly influences the child's brain development during fetal life but not during or by breastfeeding. However, breastfeeding might compensate for prenatal imbalance in maternal dietary n6:n3 fatty acid ratio.

Published
2013

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