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Ongoing obstacles in preclinical drug testing have raised significant concerns within the pharmaceutical industry. Recently, utilizing the potential of three‐dimensional (3D) bioprinting offers a solution for creating tissue models for screening of the effectiveness and safety of new drugs. In this study, the anti‐inflammatory potential of garlic extracts is assessed, specifically N‐Benzyl‐N‐methyl‐dodecan‐1‐amine (BMDA), using a 3D bioprinted artificial skin model. Comprehensive physicochemical characterization and immunocytochemical analysis demonstrate that the 3D bioprinted skin model exhibits structures and functions resembling human skin. BMDA treatment in a prepared skin model reveals its capacity to mitigate H2O2‐induced oxidative stress and trigger anti‐inflammatory responses. Notably, BMDA reduces the expression of pro‐inflammatory cytokines and chemokines by downregulating NF‐κB and mitogen‐activated protein kinase inflammatory signaling pathways. In summary, our findings highlight the potential of an artificial skin model as a robust platform for the development of new drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on the behavioral theory of the firm, we research how performance feedback influences the formation of CEOs' passion. We articulate that previous performance directly increases CEOs' passion. Specifically, positive affective outcomes (performance above aspiration-level) advance CEOs' positive feelings and motivation toward the domains of success (obsessive passion). For instance, when a firm accomplishes performance objectives, such as reaching sales goals, CEOs' positive feelings toward developing current products would be boosted. Moreover, negative affective outcomes (performance below aspiration-level) would also positively impact CEOs' passion since the CEOs would endeavor to reduce the difference between performance and their aspiration-level. As such, performance feedback is a critical antecedent of CEOs' obsessive passion. In addition, we apply human capital as a moderator between performance feedback and CEOs' obsessive passion. Results based on multiphase survey data from 189 CEOs of Korean small- and medium-sized enterprises indicate that both positive and negative performance feedback positively increase CEOs' obsessive passion. Moreover, human capital negatively moderates the relationship between positive performance feedback and CEOs' obsessive passion and positively moderates the relationship between negative performance feedback and CEOs' obsessive passion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although wound healing is a normal physiological process in the human body, it is often impaired by bacterial infections, ischemia, hypoxia, and excess inflammation, which can lead to chronic and non-healing wounds. Recently, injectable hydrogels with controlled nitric oxide (NO) release behaviour have become potential wound healing therapeutic agents due to their excellent biochemical, mechanical, and biological properties. Here, we proposed novel multifunctional NO-releasing hydrogels that could regulate various wound healing processes, including hemostasis, inflammation, cell proliferation and angiogenesis. By incorporating the copper nanoparticles (NPs) in the network of dual enzymatically crosslinked gelatin hydrogels (GH/Cu), NO was in situ produced via the Cu-catalyzed decomposition of endogenous RSNOs available in the blood, thus resolving the intrinsic shortcomings of NO therapies, such as the short storage and release time, as well as the burst and uncontrollable release modes. We demonstrated that the NO-releasing gelatin hydrogels enhanced the proliferation and migration of endothelial cells, while promoting the M2 (anti-inflammatory) polarization of the macrophage. Furthermore, the effects of NO release on angiogenesis were evaluated using an in vitro tube formation assay and in ovo chicken chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay, which revealed that GH/Cu hydrogels could significantly facilitate neovascularization, consistent with the in vivo results. Therefore, we suggested that these hydrogel systems would significantly enhance the wound healing process through the synergistic effects of the hydrogels and NO, and hence could be used as advanced wound dressing materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]