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27. The Determinants of Recall Event Timing of Contaminated Frozen Poultry Products in Retail Outlets in North-Central Nigeria

Author

Emeka Solomon Fidelis, Moradeyo Adebanjo Otitoju, Park Odojoma Idisi, Ugochukwu Emmanuel Anazo, and David Ocholi Achemu

Subjects
event-timing, frozen poultry products (fpps), recall, retail outlets, contamination, Agriculture, Agriculture (General), S1-972
Abstract

This study examined the determinants of the recall event timing of contaminated frozen poultry products in retail outlets in North-Central Nigeria. It specifically identified the potential sources of frozen poultry product hazards in retail outlets, assessed the effectiveness of existing management strategies employed by retailers in preventing frozen poultry product recall in the outlets, and examined the factors influencing the recall event timing of contaminated frozen poultry products in retail outlets in the study area. Multistage sampling was employed to sample 202 respondents, and the data collected using a well-structured questionnaire was analyzed using descriptive statistics and discrete-time survival analysis. The results showed that most of the frozen poultry product retailers in outlets in the study area were men within the age bracket of 21 and 40 years and had a monthly restocking frequency of approximately four times. The result revealed that power outage was the highest potential source of hazards associated with frozen poultry products in retail outlets in the study area. Packaging poultry products before freezing, product labelling, and fridge segmentation are effective management strategies. The result of the factors influencing the recall event timing of contaminated frozen poultry products in retail outlets showed that retailing experience (P0.01) significantly influenced the recall event timing of contaminated frozen poultry products in the study area. The study recommends that the Government offer tax incentives to retailers investing in reliable backup power solutions and provide guidelines for effective communication during recall events.

Published
2024
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31. Bromophenoxy Substitution Effect on Thermal and Opto‐Electronic Properties of Triphenylamine‐Based Co‐polyimides.

Author

Khalid, Naila, Masood Siddiqi, Humaira, Park, O. OK., Ahmed, Safeer, and Serwar, Monazza

Subjects
POLYIMIDES, THERMAL properties, PHOTON correlation, QUANTUM efficiency, PHOTON counting, CATALYTIC reduction
Abstract

The present study reported the synthesis of a series of 4,4'diamino‐(4"‐p‐bromophenoxy)triphenylamine diamine 2 based co‐polyimides (Br‐TPA co‐PIs (A−D))obtained via polycondensation of 2 with a series of dianhydrides. The nucleophilic N‐arylation of the 4‐(4‐bromophenoxy)benzenamine followed by catalytic reduction was used to obtain 2. The synthesized Br‐TPA coPIs were characterized by CHN elemental, and FTIR spectral analysis. The optical and redox active properties were examined by the ultraviolet/visible (UV/vis) absorption, photoluminescence emission spectral analysis and cyclic voltammetry respectively. From which it is obvious that Br‐TPA coPIs are optical transparent, and deep blue light emissive in the range 465–472 nm with a quantum efficiency of 4.6–7.3 %. The lifetime decay was calculated from the time correlation single photon counting (TCSPC) and found in the range 11.7‐12.9 nS. The evaluation of thermal properties via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed excellent thermal stability of synthesized materials in the range 426–476 °C. The excellent thermal properties, appreciable processability, shallow HOMO levels (−4.70 eV), low onset oxidation (E onset=0.296 V) and long‐lived excited states (12.94 nS decay time) evidently depicted their optoelectronic character, suggesting their use as efficient light emitting layer in light emitting diiodes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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