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There have been serious research advancements in concrete materials to make construction more sustainable. Specifically, this is true with regard to alternative ingredients used for self-compacting concrete (SCC) production. To improve its sustainability, this study is aimed at adding Fine Recycled Concrete Aggregate (FRCA) and Recycled Concrete Aggregate (RCA) into SCC. Crushed and reclaimed asphalt (RCA), on the other hand, has many benefits including lower environmental impact and cost-effectiveness. Nevertheless, there are several issues associated with contractors’ knowledge among others being variations in their properties. It’s also known that FRCA can imbibe water faster; hence, mineral admixtures may be introduced to further enhance mechanical behaviour of the concrete. Fly ash and geopolymer synthesis are examples of waste products from industry as well as by-products of coal combustion which are useful in making green concretes. The best results would be achieved if fly ash, a popular Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM) that reduces Ordinary Portland Cement’s (OPC’s) need is divided according to its oxide content. In order for geopolymers to become an alternative for cement making materials such as aluminosilicate source or alkali reactants are applied. Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC) enhances performance of concrete even more with strain-hardening properties, especially in terms of durability and tensile capacity. On the whole, manufacturing concrete from recycled and industrial waste products is cost effective and environmentally beneficial. These materials can be maximized if prope performance-driven design strategies and contemporary waste management systems are put into place. This paper emphasizes how essential and crucial it is to incorporate sustainable methods in the production of concrete to create a more environment friendly construction industry.

Post-disaster recovery is a multifaceted system essential for rebuilding communities and infrastructure. Despite its importance, many limitations obstruct powerful recuperation, main to tremendous loss of life and monetary assets. This paper synthesizes varied approaches in the direction of sustainable restoration, highlighting the increasing reliance on technology for disaster management. Image processing strategies, pivotal in addressing these demanding situations, are reviewed across studies. Those strategies range from SLIC segmentation and Random forest classification to advanced deep learning models together with U-net and YOLOv8, machine learning algorithms like SVM, and image category methodologies along with bi-temporal analysis. Comparative evaluation reveals that those strategies presents promising consequences, with accuracies starting from 75% to over 94%. The paper gives a framework for understanding the role of various image processing strategies in improving disaster control strategies, emphasizing their implications for future studies and application.

Earthquakes are enormous natural disasters that increase the energy within the structural system, causing catastrophic destruction. Various control systems, such as passive, active, hybrid, and semi active control systems, can be used to dissipate this unwanted energy. The fluid viscous damper is one such dissipation device used in this study. The goal of this project is to use a fluid viscous damper to lessen the seismic response of the Symmetrical and unsymmetrical G+9 structure in ETABS2017. To obtain the seismic response with and without a fluid viscous damper, ETABS2017 was used to analyse symmetrical and unsymmetrical structures with and without a fluid viscous damper. The analysis takes into account nonlinear temporal history, which is derived using fast nonlinear analysis of Electro data. The position and function of dampers are discussed in this study. For seismic evaluation of buildings with and without fluid viscous dampers, the equivalent static approach and response spectrum method are utilised. The structure was examined utilizing ETABs 2017 programming, with seismic zone IV and medium soil (Type II) according to IS 1893-2016. The structure’s exhibition is assessed utilizing story removal, story shear, story float, and modular periods and frequencies. The objective of this study is to about the consequences of static and reaction range examination in both longitudinal and cross over bearings for damper development with and without damper structure.

Engineered soil qualities can be modified mechanically, chemically, or biologically to achieve soil stabilisation. Soil stabilisation is a method used in civil engineering to enhance and enhance a soil’s structural qualities. Mechanical strength, permeation, compressibility, resilience, and plasticity are some of these attributes. The systematic investigation of soil stabilization with fly ash and ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) as binders is presented in this work. The goal of using geopolymer technology is to enhance the mechanical qualities of clay soils for the building of road pavement by substituting conventional cementitious materials. The ideal ratio of Fly Ash to GGBS is found using a Taguchi experimental design technique, more precisely a L9 Orthogonal Array, with the goal of improving soil liquid limit, plastic limit, and plasticity index. The effectiveness of various Fly Ash and GGBS ratios is assessed, as well as their influence on soil behavior. In order to develop models for predicting soil parameters, regression analysis is used. Diagnostic plots show a reasonable fit but also highlight small amounts of unexplained variability. These discoveries have important ramifications for sustainable construction methods and are essential for improving soil stabilizing procedures, especially when it comes to road pavement engineering.

This study explores innovative methods and technologies that promote efficiency and environmental stewardship in the handling of industrial waste, providing sustainable alternatives to disposal solutions. Waste from various manufacturing techniques, both commercial and municipal, creates very demanding conditions due to its volume and impact on the environment. This study looks at recycling techniques, bio electrochemical systems, smart waste monitoring systems helped by IoT and advanced computing, and sustainable waste management practices in addition to the 3R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle). The paper also identifies the detrimental effects of conventional disposal methods. The studies demonstrate how sustainable-practice integration can lead to significant waste reduction, resource conservation, and environmental safety in many global contexts and industries. This review promotes the implementation of sustainable waste control techniques across all sectors to lessen the negative effects of commercial waste by analyzing different techniques and their results. It does this by highlighting the scalability and value of these strategies.

This study investigates the utilization of waste steel chips as reinforcement in aluminum-based composites through the stir casting technique. Steel chip particles were introduced gradually into the molten aluminum alloy while stirring at 400 rpm for 10 minutes to ensure uniform dispersion. Precise temperature control prevented premature solidification, facilitating effective incorporation of steel chips. The resulting composite exhibited a predominantly uniform distribution of reinforcement, indicating successful processing.The addition of 7.5% waste steel chips led to remarkable improvements in mechanical properties. Tensile strength increased by 15.67%, while hardness showed a substantial enhancement of 25.56% compared to the base composite. Moreover, wear resistance exhibited a notable improvement of 19.45%. These enhancements underscore the efficacy of waste steel chips as reinforcement, revolutionizing manufacturing practices in aluminum composites. The findings highlight the potential for sustainable and cost-effective approaches to enhance mechanical performance, contributing to advancements in materials engineering and promoting eco-friendly manufacturing practices.

Urbanization has increased significantly during the last century, affecting both rural and urban areas. Due to the growing need for improved connectivity and services, roads and other transportation infrastructure are being built quickly. To meet this need, scientists, designers, and builders have been investigating novel and reasonably priced manufactured goods with the goal of streamlining the building process and improving overall robustness. In recent times, concrete pavements have witnessed a surge in popularity in India, driven by the escalating costs associated with bituminous pavement. The main benefit of using stiff pavement is that it is resilient and can hold its form even under harsh weather and traffic situations. Although concrete pavements may have a higher initial cost, they frequently wind up being more economical in the long run since they require less upkeep and have an excellent design life. This study's primary objective is to present a comparative analysis of pavement appropriateness while accounting for longevity, durability, and cost-effectiveness, among other factors. The simulation can be utilised to gain a quantitative understanding of the dynamic strains and deflections present in a rigid pavement and flexible system. It is discovered that the impact of surface roughness on a slab structure's dynamic response is significant for the pavement structure's useable life span and can be taken into consideration during pavement design. The model can be adjusted to determine the k-value needed to assess a pavement's subgrade support as it ages.

A constant supply of fresh air is vital for eliminating harmful bacteria and supporting the body's immune system against viruses and infections. Poor indoor air quality poses significant health risks, affecting human well-being and productivity. To address this issue, indoor air quality analysis is essential for enclosed spaces like homes, offices, and schools. According to the United States Environmental Protection Agency, indoor air can be up to 1000 times more polluted than outdoor air, with modern lifestyles leading to people spending 80-90% of their time indoors. Air pollution, as reported by the World Health Organization, causes 7 million deaths annually, primarily affecting the lungs and increasing the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Monitoring indoor air quality parameters such as CO2 and humidity levels is crucial for a healthy lifestyle. By utilizing sensors like MQ135 and DHT11, we can measure indoor pollutants and evaluate ventilation systems' effectiveness. Automation, such as using servo motors for ventilation, helps maintain safe indoor air quality levels. This approach can be implemented across various sectors, including schools, malls, and offices, to create healthier environments. Ultimately, indoor air quality analysis plays a vital role in enhancing indoor air quality and promoting occupant well-being.

In India’s seismically active region, the necessity for earthquake-resistant structures is highlighted by seismic waves that alter the motion of the earth. Response spectrum analysis combines modal responses via techniques including CQC, and ABS, taking into account a variety of response modes. This study compares earthquake loads using various soil types in Zone III and evaluates building performance during seismic events. The primary goal of the entire project is to analyse the seismic response of multistory buildings. Staad Pro Software does load calculations in order to analyse the entire structure. The outcomes turned out to be incredibly exact and precise. A G+7 and G+10 storey building was examined for every potential load combination (seismic, live, and dead loads) during my analysis and design process. The highly interactive and user-friendly user interface of Staad. Pro allows. Numerous factors that may impact earthquake ground movements and associated reaction spectra are included in analytical approaches for site response analysis. To ensure that assessments of earthquake ground motons at the site are reliable, it is crucial to look into how these parameters affect site reaction analysis. The parametric study presented in this work looks into how site factors affect ground motion during earthquakes. We calculated the response reduction of the common moment-resisting body case and the unique moment-resisting frame values Tall Construction’s seismic reaction using the Staad Pro programme.

The work addresses the communication barriers experienced by semiparalyzed individuals through the introduction of the “paraglove,” a cuttingedge wearable device leveraging Internet of Things (IoT) technology. The paraglove is equipped with flex sensors, seamlessly integrated into the glove, and connected to an ESP32 microcontroller board. The flex sensors detect minimal hand gestures, allowing users to signal for crucial activities such as eating, restrooms, and signalling for emergencies. Through IoT, these gestures are translated into text messages, a process facilitated by the ESP32 microcontroller. The resulting text data is then stored and continuously updated within Google Firebase. To ensure seamless communication, the paraglove utilises the Kodular Companion application. The sustainable information is transmitted to family members or guardians through the application, enhancing the connectivity and support system for individuals with paralysis. The integration of an OLED display sensor directly on the glove provides users with real-time feedback by presenting the interpreted output. The combination of flex sensors, ESP32 microcontroller, IoT technology, Google Firebase, and Kodular Companion application simplifies communication for those facing paralysis and empowers them to engage with the world more effectively. This technological solution addresses the immediate communication needs and contributes to the overall well-being of individuals with paralysis.

A drip irrigation system delicately nourishes plant roots by gently delivering water drop by drop, ensuring minimal water loss due to runoff or evaporation. This method allows soil particles ample time to absorb and retain the water, promoting optimal plant hydration. To enhance the efficiency of drip irrigation, a mesmerizingly detailed 3D solid model of a drip emitter was meticulously crafted using cutting-edge SolidWorks software, revolutionizing the irrigation system's performance. CFD simulation technique is used to understanding the internal flow behavior and optimum pressure inside the in -line drip irrigation emitters. Their labyrinth structures of channels are main cause of change in flow behavior and optimum pressure in the drip irrigation emitters. Standard k-ɛ model and Enhanced wall function are used to simulate the flow behavior in labyrinth channels. Key findings are the efficiency of triangular channel is greater than the other channels (rectangular, trapezoidal and circular) based on analysis of flow rate. The value of Discharge coefficient of these channels from CFD simulation present a relationship of kCircular>kTrapezoidal>kRectangular>kTriangular. When the channel shape is smooth (like a circular channel) than the higher value of k. The efficiency of triangular channel is greater than the other channels (rectangular, trapezoidal and circular) based on analysis of flow rate. Discharge is increased by 76%, 68.42%,66.67% and 39.39% for circular channel, Trapezoidal channel, rectangular channel and Triangular Channel respectively for pressure range of 1.02m of water head to 10.2m of water head.

Advanced materials play a crucial role in the development of next-generation electronics and photonics due to their unique physical and chemical properties. This review highlights recent advances in the processing of advanced materials, including two-dimensional materials, organic semiconductors, and perovskites, for their integration into electronic and photonic devices. Specifically, we discuss the methods of material synthesis, characterization, and device fabrication, as well as their applications in transistors, photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and sensors. We also address the challenges and opportunities associated with the development of advanced materials for the future of electronics and photonics.

The research article explores the increasing need for readily available potable water in geographically remote and deprived areas. The main objective of this research is to design and perform a cost-efficient water purification system which utilizes solar power. This system is specially designed to function in locations where electricity and standard water treatment infrastructures are rare. It focuses on the research, development, and execution of cuttingedge technologies that employ solar energy for powering filtration and purification systems, which improves the accessibility of clean water in remote and under-served areas. The study involves a choice of materials based on their value for money and long-lasting properties, the addition of solar panels together with filtering systems, and assessing the capacity of the system to function well in different environmental situations. The system design is improved through the application of field tests and the integration of community feedback. The main purpose of this study is to propose a sustainable solution to the issue of water shortage in remote regions. While doing so, it will contribute to worldwide initiatives dedicated to enhancing the availability of water and advancing the health of the public.

The incorporation of blockchain technology into smart grids is seen as a revolutionary method to bolster security and sustainability in energy distribution. This study offers a thorough examination of how blockchain, acting as a decentralized ledger, can be used within smart grids to facilitate secure energy transactions, manage distributed energy resources, and support peer-to-peer energy trading. The research investigates how blockchain's architectural deployment can mitigate cyber security risks, lower operational costs, and enhance transparency in energy transactions. It also explores how blockchain's ability to maintain immutable records aligns with smart grid technologies, suggesting a new framework that utilizes smart contracts to automate energy distribution protocols. Simulation findings indicate that integrating blockchain significantly boosts energy distribution efficiency while safeguarding data privacy and integrity. Additionally, the paper discusses the environmental benefits, illustrating how blockchain can optimize renewable energy sources within smart grids, ultimately reducing carbon emissions. The proposed model addresses the scalability challenge in blockchain networks, ensuring that the advantages of this integration are achieved without sacrificing smart grid operations' performance. This research sets the stage for future investigations into the resilience and adaptability of blockchain-enabled smart grids in meeting evolving energy needs.

In a period characterised by increasing apprehensions about the environment and limited resources, the need to shift from a linear and inefficient model to a circular and sustainable one is of utmost importance. The publication titled ‘From Waste to Worth: A Comprehensive Approach to Resource Utilisation and Waste Minimization’ delves into the complex interrelationships among materials, energy, and waste management. This detailed analysis explores the importance of achieving closed-loop systems in our economic and industrial sectors, with a particular focus on optimising resources, improving energy efficiency, and implementing waste-to-wealth projects. This comprehensive review explores the fundamental principles and technologies that constitute the foundation for the conversion of waste materials into useful resources. The exploration of several aspects, such as sustainable materials, recycling, circular design, advanced energy-efficient technologies, and waste-to-energy innovations, is conducted with painstaking attention to detail. The practical implications of sustainable practises can be observed in various areas, such as agriculture, manufacturing, energy, and technology, hence highlighting their real effects. The manuscript emphasises the pressing need to tackle environmental concerns and emphasises the necessity of joint endeavours including governments, companies, and communities in order to promote a circular economy. The publication titled ‘From trash to Worth’ provides a comprehensive guide towards achieving a sustainable and economically prosperous future. It emphasises the conversion of trash into valuable resources, the optimisation of resource utilisation, and the preservation of the environment for future generations.

– The characterised by heightened environmental awareness and rapid technical progress, the finding of sustainable design and production has arisen as a pressing imperative. The abstract concept discussed here beyond the conventional limits of various industries, as it involves a dynamic combination of innovation, ethics, and ecological responsibility. The research paper Harmonising Innovation explores the complex relationship between advanced technologies, circular design principles, and ethical manufacturing methods in order to establish a novel framework for achieving sustainable harmony. This expedition delves at both the observable alterations of goods and procedures, as well as the intangible interconnectedness between mankind and our world. The concept of sustainability extends beyond mere rhetoric and encompasses a deep alignment between innovation, ethical principles, and ecological accountability. The paper undertakes a profound exploration that follow into the complex dynamics between state-of-the-art technologies, circular design concepts, and ethical manufacturing practises. The scope of this journey encompasses more than just the alteration of goods and procedures.

The utilisation of additive manufacturing (AM) has brought about a significant transformation in the manufacturing process of materials and components, since it allows for the creation of complex geometries and customised designs. The primary objective of this study is to conduct a thorough analysis of the microstructure and characteristics of materials produced by additive manufacturing techniques, including the effects of varying temperatures ranging from ambient temperature to increased levels. Microstructural analysis encompasses several methods, including optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD), which are employed to investigate the grain structure, porosity, and phase composition. Standardised testing procedures are employed to assess mechanical qualities, such as tensile strength, hardness, and fracture toughness. temperature analysis methods, such as differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), are utilised in order to examine the temperature stability and phase transitions. This study investigates the impact of various printing factors, including layer thickness, printing speed, and build orientation, on the resultant microstructure and characteristics. This study aims to address the disparity between theoretical understanding and actual implementation, therefore facilitating the wider use of additively made materials in businesses that need exceptional performance in many environments.

This research investigates the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of a high-temperature superalloy under different temperature settings. The objective of this study is to analyse the alloy’s reaction to thermal stress, with a specific focus on both room and increased temperatures. By employing sophisticated microscopy techniques, researchers are able to closely examine the development of microstructural characteristics, which provides valuable understanding of phase changes and the dynamics of grains. Simultaneously, evaluations of mechanical properties, including tensile strength, hardness, and resilience, offer a holistic comprehension of the alloy’s operational characteristics. This research enhances the overall understanding of the alloy’s appropriateness for high-temperature applications by considering a wide range of temperatures. The results not only contribute to our fundamental understanding of materials science but also have ramifications for the development of alloys that can endure severe heat conditions.

The increasing apprehension regarding water shortage and environmental contamination has heightened the pursuit of sustainable remedies in the field of water treatment. This detailed research examines the use of sustainable materials in water treatment systems. This study aims to examine the pressing demand for environmentally friendly and highly effective methods of water treatment. It comprehensively explores a diverse range of sustainable materials, encompassing both natural biomaterials and sophisticated nanomaterials. The evaluation of key features such as adsorption capacity, selectivity, and regeneration potential is conducted for each material, hence offering valuable insights into their suitability for the purpose of pollutant removal and water purification. The present study provides a critical evaluation of the appropriateness of these sustainable materials by an examination of key criteria like adsorption capacity, selectivity, and regeneration capabilities. The aforementioned attributes, which are crucial for the elimination of pollutants and unwanted substances, highlight the significant contribution of these materials towards the progression of water purification methodologies. In addition to their practical attributes, the analysis explores the ecological consequences and enduring viability of these substances, emphasising the need of mitigating detrimental impacts on natural systems and their associated services. The evaluation further evaluates the environmental consequences and long-term viability of these materials, placing emphasis on their contribution to addressing water-related difficulties. By integrating the most recent research discoveries and technical progress, this literature review not only provides a thorough examination of sustainable materials used in water treatment, but also emphasises potential directions for further investigation and improvement in this crucial field.

Heat exchangers possess a significant role in energy transmission and energy generation in most industries. In this work, a three-dimensional simulation has been carried out of a shell and tube heat exchanger (STHX) consisting of segmental baffles. The investigation involves using the commercial code of ANSYS CFX, which incorporates the modeling, meshing, and usage of the Finite Element Method to yield numerical results. Much work is available in the literature regarding the effect of baffle cut and baffle spacing as two different entities, but some uncertainty pertains when we discuss the combination of these two parameters. This study aims to find an appropriate mix of baffle cut and baffle spacing for the efficient functioning of a shell and tube heat exchanger. Two parameters are tested: the baffle cuts at 30, 35, 40% of the shell-inside diameter, and the baffle spacing's to fit 6,8,10 baffles within the heat exchanger. The numerical results showed the role of the studied parameters on the shell side heat transfer coefficient and the pressure drop in the shell and tube heat exchanger. The investigation shows an increase in the shell side heat transfer coefficient of 13.13% when going from 6 to 8 baffle configuration and a 23.10% acclivity for the change of six baffles to 10, for a specific baffle cut. Evidence also shows a rise in the pressure drop with an increase in the baffle spacing from the ranges of 44–46.79%, which can be controlled by managing the baffle cut provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]