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Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy, required time, and potential advantages of rapid prototyping technology with traditional methods in the manufacture of wax patterns for two facial prostheses. Materials and Methods: Two clinical situations were investigated: the production of an auricular prosthesis and the duplication of an existing maxillary prosthesis, using a conventional and a rapid prototyping method for each. Conventional wax patterns were created from impressions taken of a patient's remaining ear and an oral prosthesis. For the rapid prototyping method, a cast of the ear and the original maxillary prosthesis were scanned, and rapid prototyping was used to construct the wax patterns. For the auricular prosthesis, both patterns were refined clinically and then flasked and processed in silicone using routine procedures. Twenty-six independent observers evaluated these patterns by comparing them to the cast of the patient's remaining ear. For the duplication procedure, both wax patterns were scanned and compared to scans of the original prosthesis by generating color error maps to highlight volumetric changes. Results: There was a significant difference in opinions for the two auricular prostheses with regard to shape and esthetic appeal, where the hand-carved prosthesis was found to be of poorer quality. The color error maps showed higher errors with the conventional duplication process compared with the rapid prototyping method. Conclusion: The main advantage of rapid prototyping is the ability to produce physical models using digital methods instead of traditional impression techniques. The disadvantage of equipment costs could be overcome by establishing a centralized service. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Mantle cell lymphomas (MCLs) are the prototypic B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas defined by cyclin D1 gene (CCND1; or other cyclin D family gene) rearrangements. However, extremely rare cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs) harboring CCND1 rearrangements, resulting in cyclin D1 protein expression, have also been reported. In this report, we describe an unusual primary large B-cell lymphoma of non-germinal center immunophenotype of the central nervous system (CNS) in an elderly male patient, which was negative for CD5 and SOX11, and exhibited cyclin D1 expression. Fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis detected IGH-CCND1 and BCL6 rearrangements. This case may represent the first report of a primary CNS DLBCL with IGH-CCND1 rearrangement. The clinico-pathologic features that can help differentiate primary CNS MCL from primary DLBCL of the CNS with IGH-CCND1 rearrangement are discussed., (© 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

The advent of sensitive and robust quantitative proteomics techniques has been emerging as a vital tool for deciphering complex biological puzzles that would have been challenging to conventional molecular biology methods. The method here describes the use of two isotope labeling techniques-isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ) and redox isotope-coded affinity tags (ICAT)-to elucidate the cardiovascular redox-proteome changes and thioredoxin 1 (Trx1)-regulated protein network in cardiac-specific Trx1 transgenic mouse models. The strategy involves the use of an amine-labeling iTRAQ technique, gauging the global proteome changes in Trx1 transgenic mice at the protein level, while ICAT, labeling redox-sensitive cysteines, reveals the redox status of cysteine residues. Collectively, these two quantitative proteomics techniques can not only quantify global changes of the cardiovascular proteome but also pinpoint specific redox-sensitive cysteine sites that are subjected to Trx1-catalyzed reduction.

Drosophila maleless (MLE) is a member of helicase superfamily 2 and functions as a dosage compensation factor essential for the development of male flies. This function provides a good opportunity to investigate diverse biochemical activities associated with MLE in the context of a defined in vivo pathway, i.e., the transcriptional activation of X-linked genes. We have shown for the first time that MLE catalyzes the unwinding of both DNA and RNA and that MLE helicase activity is essential for its in vivo function. Also, we have provided evidence that MLE stimulates the transcriptional activity of roX2 on the X chromosome. We have also found that MLE interacts with dsDNA, topoisomerase II, and nucleosome. This observation supports a current model of dosage compensation: transcriptional activation of X-linked genes is causally associated with conformational change in the male X chromosome, subsequent to the targeted association of the dosage compensation complex (DCC).