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Rak dojke je zelo pogosta oblika raka pri ženskah in globoko vpliva na fizično, čustveno ter socialno počutje bolnic. Ne vpliva le na žensko, ampak tudi na njen partnerski odnos in partnerja, ki ima eno izmed ključnih vlog pri podpori ter pomoči žensk pri celotnem procesu zdravljenja dojk. V magistrskem delu je avtorica raziskovala pomen partnerskega odnosa pri odstranitvi dojke v času raka dojk. V teoretičnem delu je predstavljen rak dojke in dejavniki tveganja za njegov nastanek ter vrste zdravljenja, ki se jih lahko žensko posluži. Piše tudi o psihosocialnih izzivih, ki jih rak prinese v življenje žensk in o vplivu raka dojke na samopodobo ženske ter spolnost. Predstavila je pomen partnerskega odnosa in spremembe v odnosu zaradi raka dojke ter je obravnavala funkcionalen in nefunkcionalen partnerski odnos. V empiričnem delu je avtorica s fenomenološko psihološko metodo raziskovala doživljanje pomena partnerskega odnosa pri ženskah po diagnozi raka dojk. Izvedla je šest poglobljenih intervjujev z ženskami, ki so imele raka dojke. Rezultati raziskave so pokazali vpliv funkcionalnega partnerskega odnosa na lažje prebolevanje raka dojke in kako lahko partner deluje podporno. S tem so bili osvetljeni praktični in drugih vidiki pomoči. Ugotovljeno je, da so vse udeleženke dojemale svoj partnerski odnos kot podporen in so zanj zelo hvaležne. Udeleženke so se borile s spremenjeno samopodobo v času diagnoze in tudi po diagnozi, vendar ne toliko zaradi odstranjene dojke, kot pa zaradi drugih fizičnih sprememb, ki jih rak prinese. Ženske so bile opolnomočene na področju samopodobe s strani partnerja. Udeleženke so doživljanje veliko spremembo na področju spolnosti, vendar to dejstvo ni zmanjšalo zadovoljstva v partnerskem odnosu, saj so tudi partnerji pokazali veliko mero potrpežljivosti in razumevanja. Po prebolelem raku se vse počutijo bolj povezane s svojimi partnerji. Breast cancer is a widespread form of cancer occuring in women with a profound effect on the physical, emotional as well as social well-being of patients. It affects not only them, but also their relationships with their partners as well as the partners themselves, who are the ones playing one of the key roles in supporting and helping women throughout the entire process of breast treatment. In this Master's thesis, the author has conducted research on the importance of a partner relationship in cases of breast-cancer induced mastectomy. The theoretical part contains a description of breast cancer and the risk factors for its occurrence as well as the types of treatment a woman can use. The author also writes about the psychosocial challenges that cancer brings to women's lives as well as the impact of breast cancer on a woman's self-image and sexuality. The author presents the importance of partner relationships and changes in relationships due to breast cancer, and discusses functional and dysfunctional partner relationships. In the empirical part of the thesis, the author uses a phenomenological psychological method to investigate the experience of the importance of a partner relationship in women after a breast cancer diagnosis. For this purpose, six in-depth interviews with women who had breast cancer were conducted. The research results show the positive impact of a functional partner relationship on recovery from breast cancer and demonstrate the role the partner can take on as a supporter in such situations. Some other practical and various aspects of assistance were also highlighted. The conclusion is that all the participants perceived their partner relationship as supportive and were very grateful for it. The participants struggled with an altered self-image at the time of diagnosis as well as in the period that followed, due not so much to the removed breast but to other physical changes brought on by the cancer. The subjects were empowered in the area of self-image by their partner. They experienced a significant difference in the field of sexuality, but this fact did not reduce the satisfaction in the partner relationship, as their partners also showed a great deal of patience and understanding. After overcoming the disease, they all feel a greater connection with their partners.

V magistrskem delu je prikazan pregled literature o čustveni regulaciji, soočanju s konflikti ter o zadovoljstvom v partnerskem odnosu. Teoretični del je avtorica razdelila na dva poglavja. Prvo poglavje zajema opredelitev čustev, osnovna in sestavljena čustva, čustveno regulacijo, čustveno inteligenco ter soočanje s kritičnimi situacijami, kot so frustracija in konflikt ter kriza in stres. Drugo poglavje je razdeljeno na tri podpoglavja. Prvo podpoglavje je namenjeno opisu zadovoljstva v partnerskem odnosu, v drugem podpoglavju je opis komunikacije v partnerskem odnosu in v tretjem podpoglavju je namenjeno opisu konflikta v partnerskem odnosu, kjer med drugim opisuje naravo konflikta, stopnje partnerskega konflikta, osnovne teme intimnih odnosov ter reševanje konfliktov z vsebino kako lahko preprečimo in zmanjšamo konflikte ter predlogi za preprečevanje in reševanje konfliktov. V empiričnem delu je avtorica s kvantitativno metodo želela ugotoviti, kakšna je povezanost med čustveno regulacijo, soočanjem s problemi in zadovoljstvom v partnerskem odnosu ter raziskati razlike v čustveni regulaciji glede na spol. V raziskavi je sodelovalo 183 udeležencev starih med 17 in 69 let, od tega 18 moških in 165 žensk. Rezultati so pokazali, da več kot imajo posamezniki težav s čustveno regulacijo, več imajo težav v soočanju s partnerskimi konflikti. Posamezniki, ki imajo več težav s čustveno regulacijo, imajo nižje zadovoljstvo v partnerskem odnosu. Prav tako se je izkazalo, da več kot je težav v soočanju s partnerskimi konflikti, manj je zadovoljstva v partnerskem odnosu. Ugotovljeno je bilo še, da med moškimi in ženskami obstajajo statistično pomembne razlike pri izražanju čustev, in sicer, da ženske slabše regulirajo izražanje svojih čustev kot moški. The current master's thesis deals with a review of the literature on emotional regulation, dealing with conflicts, and satisfaction in a partner relationship. The author divided the theoretical part into two essential chapters. The first chapter covers the definition of emotions, basic and compound emotions, emotional regulation, emotional intelligence and ways of dealing with critical situations such as frustration and conflict and crisis and stress. The second chapter is further divided into three sub-chapters. The first sub-chapter gives a description of satisfaction in a partner relationship, the second sub-chapter contains a description of communication in a partner relationship, and the third sub-chapter is dedicated to a description of conflict in a partner relationship, where, among other things, it describes the nature of this type of conflict, the levels of partner conflict, the basic themes of intimate relationships and conflict resolution with the help of of useful content: ways to prevent and reduce conflicts and suggestions for preventing and resolving conflicts. In the empirical part of the master's thesis, the author, using a quantitative method, wanted to find the connection between emotional regulation and cases of facing problems and satisfaction in a partner relationship, and to investigate differences in emotional regulation with regard to gender. In her research, the author included 183 participants between the ages of 17 and 69, of which 18 were men and 165 were women. The results showed that the more problems individuals have with emotional regulation, the more problems they have in dealing with partner conflicts. Individuals who have more problems with emotional regulation have lower satisfaction in the partner relationship. The research also showed that the more problems there are in dealing with partner conflicts, the less satisfaction there is in the partner relationship. During the research, it was also established that there are statistically significant differences between men and women in the ways of expressing emotions, namely that women regulate the expression of their emotions worse than men.

Rassismus in der DDR und den neuen deutschen Bundesländern wurde und wird noch immer überwiegend durch einen analytischen Fokus auf die weiße, ostdeutsche Mehrheitsgesellschaft erforscht. Im Vordergrund dieses Artikels stehen hier jedoch die oral histories mosambikanischer und angolanischer Vertragsarbeiter*innen, die zwischen 1978 und 1990 in der DDR arbeiteten, lebten und liebten, sowie ihrer in Ostdeutschland geborenen mixed-race-Kinder. Obwohl alltägliches rassistisches Wissen, Staatsinteressen und die Solidaritätsdoktrin binationale Beziehungen zwischen Vertragsarbeiter*innen und DDR-Bürger*innen einschränkten, lebten sie ihre Beziehungen selbstbestimmt, nutzten Handlungsspielräume in ihrem Interesse aus und maßen ihren Beziehungen subjektive Bedeutung innerhalb ihrer eigenen, intersektionalen Wissenshorizonte bei. Die Widerstandsstrategien der zweiten Generation schließen die Suche nach dem mosambikanischen Elternteil und die Neuverhandlung der Beziehungen mit ostdeutschen Familienmitgliedern ein. Gemeinsam beleuchten die Erinnerungen beider Generationen die Wirkungsweisen rassistischen Wissens vor und nach 1990 aus einem konkreten, nicht-weißen Fokus und werfen dabei neue Fragen und Herausforderungen für die DDR-Rassismusforschung auf. Research on East German racism before and after 1990 continues to focus on the experiences of the white majority. This paper focuses on the oral histories of Mozambican and Angolan worker trainees who came to the German Democratic Republic (GDR) between 1978-1990 to work, live, and love, and those of the mixed-race children who emerged from their relationships to East German women. The racial knowledge pervading social interactions, state interests, and socialist notions of solidarity, limited the ability of the workers to freely live in mixed-race relationships, but never fully determined their experiences. Instead, Mozambican and Angolan worker-trainees exerted some degree of agency, pursued individual agendas, and resisted their racially constructed positions, in part through engaging in mixed-race relationships. While their children experienced racialised stereotypes much earlier in their biographies, they too were able to challenge and resist East German racist knowledge. Their strategies often took them on journeys searching for their Mozambican parent and of challenging close East German family members. Together, the oral histories of both generations before and after 1990 illuminate the complex ways in which racist knowledge operates and bring up new questions and challenges to existing research on racism in (East) Germany.

PurposeThe wine sector is a growing industry with an important share of the revenue resulting from export markets. Due to its cultural nature, wine exporting requires specific firm and managerial capabilities. As such, traditional approaches to the factors influencing export performance must integrate the specificities of wine as a product.Design/methodology/approachThis study, based on a sample of 93 wine producers, develops and tests, using structural equation modeling, specifically the partial least squares method, a conceptual model of the influence of internal factors, external factors and partner relationship capabilities in export performance.FindingsResults reveal that internal factors and partner relationships have an impact on the firm’s noneconomic performance which influences economic performance. It is also shown by the results that external factors do not affect the noneconomic performance or economic performance. Moreover, the results show the moderation effect of the noneconomic variable. Internal factors and relationship capabilities have an impact on economic performance considering the mediation effect of the noneconomic performance. Overall, firms’ internal factors and relationship capabilities are crucial to achieve better export performance for Portuguese wine companies.Originality/valueThis study combines the theories of SCP, resource-based view and relational or behavior perspective to present a novel approach to export performance by analyzing the external and internal dimensions of the firm in relation to both financial and nonfinancial performances.

Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es zu beantworten, welche Faktoren dazu beitragen, dass Frauen in Familien- und Paarbeziehungen in unterschiedlichen Kontexten Gewalt ausüben. Hierzu sollen neue Erkenntnisse gewonnen und bestehende Erkenntnisse zu Gewalt von Frauen in heterosexuellen Paarbeziehungen, gegen Kinder und in der informellen Pflege verknüpft werden. Um die Forschungsfrage zu beantworten, wird die Gewalt durch Frauen übergeordnet betrachtet und anhand von Literaturanalysen und Expert*inneninterviews in den gewählten Kontexten untersucht. Die gewonnenen Erkenntnisse aus beiden Erhebungsmethoden werden für die jeweiligen Kontexte zusammengefasst und anschließend in einer Synthese zusammengeführt. Die Ergebnisse der qualitativen Studie zeigen, dass die Ursachen von Gewalt durch Frauen multifaktoriell und Ebenen übergreifend sind. Die Gewalt kommt in sämtlichen Schichten und Formen vor. Sie kann als Reaktionsverhalten auftreten, durch Belastungen entstehen und ist abhängig von der Beziehung zum Gegenüber und der erlernten und erlebten Gewaltkultur. Das gesellschaftliche Rollenbild und die Vorstellung von Weiblichkeit konnten als weitere gewaltbedingende Ursache identifiziert werden, welche einen starken Einfluss auf die Art der Ausübung und den Umgang mit der Gewalt durch Frauen hat. Zusammenfassend zeigen die Ergebnisse, dass die Faktoren von Gewalt durch Frauen in Familien- und Paarbeziehungen vielschichtig und komplex sind und genaue Entstehungszusammenhänge sowohl auf individueller als auch auf gesellschaftlicher Ebene untersucht werden müssen. Hierzu appelliert die Studie, dass tiefergehende Forschungen zu Ursachenzusammenhängen und zusätzlichen Gewaltkontexten durchgeführt werden müssen, um den Diskurs zu Gewalt durch Frauen zu enttabuisieren und zu entstigmatisieren. Nur durch ein prozesshaftes, wissenschaftlich fundiertes Vorgehen können passende Präventionsangebote und Unterstützungsleistungen für gewaltausübende Frauen entwickelt werden.

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the feasibility, preliminary effects, and acceptability of the first comprehensive couple-based treatment for suicide, called Treatment for Relationships and Safety Together (TR&ST). METHOD In a preliminary examination, five couples (N = 10) participated in 10 weekly sessions of TR&ST. All couples included a veteran who reported active suicidal ideation at baseline and their partner. Couples completed measures of relationship functioning, perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belonging, and suicidal ideation at baseline, mid-treatment, and posttreatment. RESULTS TR&ST was feasible to deliver. Veteran and partner relationship functioning improved and veteran perceived burdensomeness, thwarted belonging, and suicidal ideation decreased. There were no suicide related behaviors, hospitalizations, or crisis line calls during the study. TR&ST seemed acceptable to couples (100% retention and high satisfaction ratings). CONCLUSION Couple-based suicide prevention may provide an additional avenue for suicide prevention in veterans.

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the effect of environmental characteristics, business partnership relationship, knowledge complementarity, organizational characteristics on knowledge management practices and innovation performance.Design/methodology/approachThe research used primary data, i.e. data obtained directly from the distribution of questionnaires to respondents, namely, the company’s managers/leaders/directors in the companies that became the research sample. Data were collected by sending questionnaires either by mail or email to the respondents. To examine the effect of environmental characteristics, business partnership relationship, knowledge complementarity and organizational characteristics on knowledge management practices and innovation performance.FindingsEnvironmental characteristics, business partnership relationship, knowledge complementarity and organizational characteristics partially have a significant effect on knowledge management practices. Environmental characteristics and business partnership relationship partially have a significant effect on innovation performance, while knowledge complementarity and organizational characteristics have no significant effect. For other constructs, knowledge management practices are able to be a moderator variable, which can relate these constructs with innovation performance.Originality/valueThe research using the diffusion of innovation paradigm, the combination of market-based and knowledge-based paradigms is expected to fill the previous research gap and become the first uniqueness and originality, as well as characteristic of this research. The second originality is this research examines the role of the knowledge management practice variable as the moderator variable. Then, the third originality is this research investigates the relationship between business partner relationship and innovation performance. These three originalities are still rarely studied in previous studies, so this research will further complement, expand the study, especially in the knowledge management, innovation performance area.

The purpose of this study was to examine how problematic media use (technoference, internet gaming disorder symptoms, and pornography use) predicted later partner relationship outcomes, operating through the mediator of partner responsiveness. Participants ( N = 1039) were from Waves II–IV of a nationally representative quantitative study on marriage relationships across the United States. Both spouses completed surveys reporting problematic media use, partner responsiveness, and relationship outcomes at three separate time points each spaced a year apart. In order to test the hypotheses, three longitudinal actor-partner interdependence models with indirect paths were estimated, with each model corresponding to one type of problematic media use. Results indicated that at the cross-sectional level, all three types of problematic media use had significant indirect actor and partner effects, where problematic media use predicted lower relationship outcomes through the intervening variable of partner non-responsiveness. Longitudinally, wife technoference directly negatively predicted later partner responsiveness, but there were no full indirect paths of Wave II problematic media to Wave IV relationship outcomes through the intervening variable of Wave III partner responsiveness. Implications of these findings and future directions are discussed.

As public services face the limits of existing approaches to public management, emerging practices are highlighting the importance of continuous learning and service reform. While many approaches, methods and aids for learning exist, managers embracing complexity are making use of relational resources to scaffold their learning capacity-building. This article introduces the idea of ‘learning partnerships’: a set of nested learning relationships between public managers, consultants, and researchers and academics, which extends the literature on academic–practitioner collaborations and builds a relational mechanism for learning into the action learning action research (ALAR) and learning organization genres.

This study examined the link between discrimination, experiences of anxiety, depression, and suicidal thoughts among a clinical sample of adult couple dyads (N = 49). Using an actor-partner interde...

Multipla skleroza (MS) je kronična vnetna demielinizacijska bolezen osrednjega živčevja domnevno z avtoimunskim izvorom, ki prizadene posameznika v njegovih najbolj produktivnih letih življenja. Večinoma zbolijo ljudje med 20. in 40. letom starosti, ženske 2- do 4-krat pogosteje kot moški. To je čas, ko si posameznik poišče partnerja, si želi ustvariti družino in je na višku svoje poklicne kariere. Bolezen zaznamuje partnerski odnos in vpliva na celotno družino. Zaradi same bolezni, njenih simptomov, neželenih učinkov zdravil, psihičnih, socialnih in kulturnih razlogov se lahko pojavijo spremembe v spolnosti, za katero pa je znano, da je pomemben del partnerskega odnosa. V literaturi nismo zasledili raziskav o tem, ali je zadovoljstvo z zdravljenjem z zdravili povezano s partnerskim odnosom in spolno disfunkcijo, zato smo želeli v doktorski disertaciji odgovoriti prav na to vprašanje, saj vemo, da morajo bolniki z MS več let in desetletij jemati imunomodulatorna zdravila, ki lahko imajo neželene učinke. Ti vplivajo na kvaliteto njihovega življenja in vsakodnevno funkcioniranje. Raziskava je razdeljena na tri dele. V prvem nas je zanimalo, koliko bolnikov z multiplo sklerozo, ki prejemajo enega od imunomodulatornih zdravil, je v partnerski zvezi, koliko je ločenih in koliko samskih. V drugem delu smo iskali morebitno povezanost med zadovoljstvom z zdravljenjem, partnerskim odnosom in stopnjo spolne disfunkcije. Pri tem smo upoštevali tudi stopnjo nevrološke prizadetosti in trajanje bolezni. Prav tako nas je zanimalo, ali so bolniki z enostavnejšim načinom zdravljenja v obliki tablet in infuzij bolj zadovoljni, imajo kvalitetnejši partnerski odnos in manj pogosto spolno disfunkcijo kot bolniki, ki si sami vbrizgavajo zdravilo v podkožje ali mišico. S tretjim, kvalitativnim delom raziskave pa smo nadgradili kvantitativne rezultate. V kvantitativni del raziskave je bilo vključenih 588 bolnikov. Uporabili smo tri merske pripomočke: Vprašalnik o zadovoljstvu zdravljenja z zdravili (angl. Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication – TSQM, verzija 1.4), Kvaliteta partnerskega odnosa, lestvica diadne regulacije (angl. Dyadic adjustment scale – DAS) in Vprašalnik o intimnosti in spolnosti (angl. Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire – MSISQ-19). Ugotovili smo, da je večina bolnikov, ki prejemajo imunomodulatorno terapijo, poročenih ali pa živijo v izvenzakonski partnerski zvezi, da so bolniki z enostavnejšim načinom zdravljenja, ki smo ga definirali kot jemanje tablet ali prejemanje infuzij, v primerjavi z zapletenejšim načinom zdravljenja v obliki injekcij bolj zadovoljni ter da je bila pri enostavnejšem načinu zdravljenja manj pogosta sekundarna in terciarna spolna disfunkcija, vrsta zdravljenja pa ni vplivala na kvaliteto partnerskega odnosa. V tretjem delu smo zbrane podatke, ki smo jih pridobili s poglobljenimi intervjuji, analizirali po metodologiji osnovane teorije. Izpostavili smo pomembne vidike življenja bolnikov z MS, ki so v partnerskem odnosu. Oblikovali smo pet kategorij: partnerski odnos, prosti čas, bolezen in zdravljenje, fizične spremembe v funkcioniranju in spolnost. Razvili smo osnutek modela MS DANES, ki bi nam lahko pomagal pri obravnavi bolnikov v centrih za MS. S pomočjo tega bi dobili širšo sliko o tem, kako bolnik živi z boleznijo, kako prenaša zdravljenje, kašen je njegov odnos s partnerjem ter kakšen je njegov socialni in ekonomski status. Rezultati bodo prispevali nova znanja za razvoj in oblikovanje intervenc v relacijski družinski in zakonski terapiji ter bodo v pomoč kako v terapevtskem procesu pristopiti k bolnikom z multiplo sklerozo. Multiple sclerosis is chronic inflammatory disease with presumed autoimmune ethology which typically occurs during the most productive period of life. It mostly affects people between 20 and 40 years old and has 2-4 times greater incidence in women. This is also a period in life when a person looks for a partner, establish a family and is usually also at the top of professional carrier. Multiple sclerosis has thereby strong influence of partner relationship and family life as such. Symptoms, possible side effects of medical treatment, psychological, social and cultural issues may influence sexual activity which represents very important component of partner relationship. Since there are, to our knowledge, no studies investigating relationship between satisfaction with multiple sclerosis treatment, partner relationship and sexual dysfunction, we addressed this topic which is even more important in view of long-term immunomodulatory treatment with significant side effects influencing every day quality of life. Our study is divided into the three parts. We initially addressed marital status of patients with multiple sclerosis on immunomodulatory treatment and determined the proportions of patients who were in either partner relationship, divorced or single. We then investigated possible relationship between satisfaction with multiple sclerosis treatment, quality of partner relationship and sexual dysfunction considering the degree of neurological disability and duration of the disease. We further investigated if patients with more simple treatment including tablets and infusions were more satisfied, have better partner relationship and less frequent sexual dysfunction compared to patients with more complex treatment including administration of the drug by subcutaneous/intramuscular injections. The third part of our study was qualitative and aimed to complement quantitative research. We included 588 patients and use three questionnaires: Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire for Medication – TSQM, Dyadic adjustment scale – DAS and Multiple Sclerosis Intimacy and Sexuality Questionnaire – MSISQ-19. We found that majority of patients with multiple sclerosis on immunomodulatory treatment were married or had extramarital relationship. Patients receiving more simple treatment with tablets and infusions were more satisfied compared to patients on subcutaneous/intramuscular injections. More simple treatment was associated also with less secondary and tertiary dysfunction. There was, however, no association between mode of treatment and quality of partner relationship. Herein presented qualitative analysis was based on grounded theory. We exposed important aspects of life in patients with multiple sclerosis who are in partner relationship. We established 5 categories including partner relationship, spare time, disease and treatment, changes in physical status and sexuality. We developed a model »MS TODAY« aimed to facilitate treatment of patients in centres for multiple sclerosis. This would enable more comprehensive view on patient life with multiple sclerosis, tolerance of immunomodulatory treatment, partner relationship and social as well as economic status. Our results are expected to contribute new evidence which will facilitate target interventions in relationship and family therapy in patients with multiple sclerosis.

Pričujoče delo temelji na raziskovanju čustvene regulacije v partnerskem odnosu in rabi alkohola v času epidemije. V teoretičnem delu smo v prvem poglavju opredelili temeljno vlogo odnosa, iz katerega izhaja tudi partnerski, in v drugem stile navezanosti v otroški ter odrasli dobi. Partnerski odnos je prostor, kjer se ponovijo vzorci obnašanja in čutenja poznana iz primarne družine, in upanje, da bosta uspela te spore na razumevajoč in spoštovan način razrešiti. V partnerskem odnosu je močan čut in želja po svobodi in samostojnosti, a hkrati bližini, stiku in razumljenosti, ki partnerjema pomeni sprejetost in ljubljenost. V odnosih si želimo varnosti, čustvene topline in zaupanja, vendar je pot do zadovoljujoče intime pogosto tlakovana z lastno in partnerjevo ranjenostjo, ki jo je potrebno s sočutnim pogovorom zaceliti (Gostečnik 1999, 13-5). Ob posameznikovem soočanju s stisko in tesnobo je čustvena regulacija, o kateri smo pisali v naslednjem poglavju, pomemben notranji in zunanji proces, ki ga uporabljamo za prilagajanje in spremljanje čustvenih reakcij na dražljaje iz okolja (Thompson 1995). Čustvena regulacija se zgodi brez zavedanja, zavednega nadzora posameznika in njegovega vpogleda v čustvene konflikte (Sotres-Bayon in Quirk 2010, 231-5). Cvetek (2014, 5) navaja, da je neustrezno ravnanje s čustvi eden največjih dejavnikov razkroja v zakoskih in družinskih odnosih. Nadaljuje, da primerno uravnana čustva pomagajo človeku h kvaliteti medsebojnih odnosov in funkcionalnosti življenja ter prispevajo k blagostanju v odnosih (6). Regulirano čustvo pri posamezniku dokazuje njegovo moč soočanja in priznavanja doživljati čustvo in ga začutiti. Izkušnja ga nauči, da se sočutno sprejme in se ne doživlja kot nemočna žrtev (40). Tesnobni posamezniki, ki sami ne zmorejo regulirati temeljnih afektov, pa kot mehanizem regulacije uporabljajo alkohol, ki je bil v času epidemije v porastu. Peto poglavje smo namenili rabi alkohola, vzrokom za alkoholizem, alkoholu kot mehanizmu čustvene regulacije, agresiji in nasilju zaradi alkohola in zdravljenju. Ob koncu teoretičnega dela smo se dotaknili epidemije virusa COVID-19, ki je drastično posegel v naše vsakdanje življenje, spremenil in prizadel rutino posameznika ter povzročil nepredstavljiv stres. V empiričnem delu smo predstavili ugotovitve na podlagi vzorca 115 udeležencev, od katerih je bilo 90 ženskega in 25 moškega spola, starostni razpon se je gibal med 18 in 60 letom. Pri epidemiološkem vplivu na povečanje rabe alkohola smo izhajali iz predpostavke, da so partnerji zaradi nenadnega stresa, depresije in zdravstvene ogroženosti popili več alkohola in težje regulirali čustva. Obe trditvi smo zavrgli. Nadalje smo predvidevali, da se je povečalo fizično nasilje in se je povečalo uživanje alkohola med ženskami, ki so izgubile delo. Obe trditvi smo zavrgli. Potrdili pa smo peto trditev, in sicer so imeli uporabniki alkohola izkušnjo s staršem alkoholikom. The present work is based on research on emotional regulation in partner relationships and alcohol use during the epidemic. In the theoretical part, we define in the first chapter the fundamental role of the relationship, from which the partner relationship is derived, and in the second chapter the attachment styles in childhood and adulthood. The partner relationship is a space where patterns of behaviour and feelings familiar from the primary family are repeated, and a hope that the couple will be able to resolve these disputes in an understanding and respectful way. In a partnership there is a strong sense and desire for freedom and autonomy, but at the same time closeness, contact and understanding, which means acceptance and affection between the partners. In relationships, we want security, emotional warmth and trust, but the path to satisfying intimacy is often paved with our own and our partner's emotional damage, which needs to be healed through compassionate conversation (Gostečnik 1999, 13-5). In the context of facing distress and anxiety, emotion regulation, which we discuss in the next section, is an important internal and external process that is used to adapt and monitor emotional reactions to environmental stimuli (Thompson 1995). Emotional regulation happens without the individual's awareness, conscious control and insight into emotional conflicts (Sotres-Bayon and Quirk 2010, 231-5). Cvetek (2014, 5) states that the inadequate handling of emotions is one of the biggest factors of disintegration in marital and family relationships. She goes on to say that well-regulated emotions help people to have good relationships and a functional life, and contribute to well-being in relationships (6). A regulated emotion in an individual demonstrates their ability to face and recognise, experience and feel an emotion. The experience teaches them to accept themselves compassionately and not to experience themselves as a helpless victim (40). Anxious individuals who are unable to regulate their emotional outbursts use alcohol as a mechanism of regulation, whose use was on the rise during the epidemic. Chapter five focuses on alcohol use, causes of alcoholism, alcohol as a mechanism of emotional regulation, alcohol-related aggression and violence, and the treatment of alcoholism. At the end of the theoretical part, we touch upon the COVID-19 epidemic, which has drastically affected our daily lives, changed and affected our routines and caused unimaginable stress. In the empirical part, we present our findings based on a sample of 115 participants, 90 female and 25 male, with an age range between 18 and 60 years. In the assessment of the epidemiological impact on the increase in alcohol use, we started on the assumption that due to sudden stress, depression and health risks partners drank more alcohol and found it harder to regulate their emotions. Both claims were rejected. Furthermore, we hypothesised that there was an increase in physical violence and an increase in alcohol consumption among women who had lost their jobs. Both claims were rejected. In the end, we discarded another of the main assumptions that study participants had experience with a parent alcoholic in childhood.

Introduction: Since the onset of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, there have been some reports regarding the impact of COVID-19 on male psychosexual health. Aims and Objectives: To assess the severity of stress during COVID-19 and to determine the association of stress levels with partner relationships and sexual activity. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Saudi Arabia through social media platforms via an online questionnaire between 1 December 2020 and 31 January 2021 among 871 participants after a pilot study among 20 participants, of which 497 were included in the study. Stress levels were assessed using the Arabic version of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21). Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS version 20.0. Responses were presented as frequencies and percentages, and associations were studied using the Chi-squared test/Fisher’s exact test. A value of p ≤ 0.05 was considered significant. Results: A total of 497 participants who had been infected with COVID-19 completed the survey. In total, it was found that 203 (40.8%) had severe stress scores (severe and extremely severe scores merged), while 131 (26.4%) had moderate stress scores. About 84 (16.9%) participants agreed that their sexual desire decreased, 91 (18.1%) confirmed their sexual intercourse frequency decreased, and sexual satisfaction decreased in 76 (15.3%). A significant positive correlation was found in that those who disagreed with having a good sexual relationship tended to have severe stress (p < 0.001). Conclusion: There were increased levels of stress during the lockdown period, which impacted psychosexual health.

To determine the effects of depression, anxiety, stress, and partner relationship satisfaction on sexual dysfunction in women in postpartum first year, this cross-sectional study was conducted in a...

Here we study how unemployment is related to partner relationship happiness in the United Kingdom. We investigate multiple dimensions of unemployment—current unemployment, changes in unemployment, duration of unemployment, and past unemployment—each of which provides unique insights into how economic uncertainty can strain relationships. Not including these aspects potentially leads to an underestimation of the long-term effect of unemployment and times when couples are especially affected. Using British longitudinal data (UK Household Longitudinal Study), we employ random and fixed regression analyses. The results highlight the gendered nature of relationships and employment within British couples. As found in previous studies, unemployment, particularly men’s unemployment, is associated with unhappier relationships. However, we find that over the long-run, relationship happiness declined and did not always recover. In addition, men’s re-employment did not solve problems rising from unemployment, especially for women, who continued to be less happy with the relationship when their male partner was unemployed in the recent past. Overall, the research showed that unemployment is not only related to relationship happiness at the time of unemployment, but had a scarring effect on relationship happiness.

Pediatric cancer may impact parents' partner relationship and increase patient, parent, and sibling distress. This study examined parents' reports of their relationship adjustment and depressive symptoms and their association with their ratings of patients' and siblings' emotional/behavioral problems in families of recently diagnosed pediatric cancer patients.Cross-sectional questionnaire study.A total of 31 parents (87% female; 71% Latino) of pediatric cancer patients.Parents reported on their relationship adjustment, depressive symptoms, and the patients' and siblings' emotional/behavioral problems.Poorer relationship adjustment was correlated with more parent depressive symptoms and patient emotional/behavioral problems. Parent depressive symptoms were positively correlated with emotional/behavioral problems in patients and siblings. After accounting for child age and parent depressive symptoms, relationship adjustment remained significantly associated with patient, but not sibling, problems.When parents have poorer relationship adjustment following diagnosis, children with cancer may be at increased risk for emotional/behavioral problems.Interventions targeting the partner relationship may be relevant to supporting family adjustment following diagnosis.