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During the Soviet period alternative justice was essentially repressive under its two forms, Party assemblies and comrades’ courts on working places and living places. Its aim was to exert pressure on citizens’ private life to have it more conform to Party official standards or to the so-called requirements of socialist living community. New modes of life in the current period have renewed conflicts, on the one hand, in the housing sector because of the wealth disparity between various flat owners and, on the other hand, in an ever growing business sector where violence tends to replace court actions. The recent legislative attempt to introduce a universal mediation procedure between conflicting parties through a neutral professional mediator seems to produce relative results.