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3. The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Adolescent Mental Health. Research Report

Author

Department for Education (DfE) (United Kingdom), Mansfield, Rosie, Patalay, Praveetha, Santos, Joao, Deighton, Jessica, Velikonja, Tjasa, Hayes, Daniel, and Boehnke, Jan R.

Abstract

The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent mental health is a widespread concern. However, to date, there is limited empirical evidence which can causally attribute changes to the pandemic. With the aim of overcoming some of the existing methodological limitations, the current study utilised a naturally occurring experiment within two ongoing school-based trials. Depressive symptoms, externalising difficulties (e.g., behaviour problems such as losing one's temper or hitting out), and life satisfaction were assessed at baseline and 1-year follow-up across two groups. One group entered the study in phase 1 (2018; pre-COVID-19 group; N = 6,419) and were controls as they did not experience the COVID-19 pandemic between baseline and follow-up. The second group entered the study in phase 2 (2019; COVID-19 group; N = 5,031) and were exposed to the pandemic between baseline and follow-up, therefore providing a natural experiment. Pupils were in Years 7, 8, and 9 during both phases, with approximately equal numbers of males and females. Among the key findings were: (1) The COVID-19 pandemic led to increased adolescent depressive symptoms and decreased life satisfaction; (2) If the COVID-19 pandemic had not occurred, estimates suggest that we would observe 6% fewer adolescents with high depressive symptoms which is a difference of 1.6% in prevalence (27.1% to 25.4%); (3) There was no overall effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on adolescent externalising difficulties; and (4) Girls' mental health may have been more negatively impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic than boys.

Published
2022

4. Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in England and the implications of COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cohort study of 16 million people

Author

Al Arab, Marwa, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Andrews, Colm, Badrick, Ellena, Baz, Sarah, Beckford, Chelsea, Berman, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Booth, Charlotte, Bowyer, Ruth, Boyd, Andy, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Brophy, Sinead, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Kirsteen C, Carnemolla, Alisia, Carpentieri, Jd, Cezard, Genevieve, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Cheetham, Nathan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Crane, Matthew, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Curtis, Helen, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Dobson, Richard, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Katharine M, Fang, Chao, Ferreira, Vanessa, Finnigan, Lucy, Fisher, Louis, Flaig, Robin, Folarin, Amos, Forbes, Harriet, Foster, Diane, Fox, Laura, Freydin, Maxim, Garcia, Paz, Gibson, Andy, Glen, Fiona, Goldacre, Ben, Goncalves Soares, Ana, Greaves, Felix, Green, Amelia, Green, Mark, Green, Michael, Griffith, Gareth, Hamill Howes, Lee, Hamilton, Olivia, Herbet, Annie, Herrett, Emily, Hopcroft, Lisa, Horne, Elsie, Hou, Bo, Hughes, Alun, Hulme, William, Huntley, Lizzie, Ip, Samantha, Jacques, Wels, Jezzard, Peter, Jones, Louise, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Karthikeyan Suseeladevi, Arun, Katikireddi, Vittal, Kellas, John, Kennedy, Jonathan I, Kibble, Milla, Knight, Rochelle, Knueppel, Anika, Kopasker, Daniel, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kwong, Alex, Langan, Sinead, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Lukaschuk, Elena, Mackenna, Brain, Macleod, John, Maddock, Jane, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, McArdle, Fintan, McCartney, Daniel, McEachan, Rosie, McElroy, Eoin, McLachlan, Stela, Mitchell, Ruth, Moltrecht, Bettina, Morley, Jess, Nab, Linda, Neubauer, Stefan, Nigrelli, Lidia, North, Teri, Northstone, Kate, Oakley, Jacqui, Palmer, Tom, Park, Chloe, Parker, Michael, Parsons, Sam, Patalay, Praveetha, Patel, Kishan, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piechnik, Stefan, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Ploubidis, George, Rafeti, Elena, Raman, Betty, Ranjan, Yatharth, Rapala, Alicja, Rhead, Rebecca, Roberts, Amy, Sampri, Alexia, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Santorelli, Gillian, Saunders, Laura C, Shah, Anoop, Shah, Syed Ahmar, Sharp, Steve, Shaw, Richard, Sheard, Laura, Sheikh, Aziz, Silverwood, Richard, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Stephen, Stafford, Jean, Steptoe, Andrew, Sterne, Jonathan, Steves, Claire, Stewart, Callum, Taylor, Kurt, Tazare, John, Teece, Lucy, Thomas, Richard, Thompson, Ellen, Tilling, Kate, Timpson, Nicholas, Tomlinson, Laurie, Toms, Renin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Turner, Emma L, Walker, Alex, Walker, Venexia, Walter, Scott, Wang, Kevin, Wei, Yinghui, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Wild, James M, Willan, Kathryn, Willans, Robert, Williams, Dylan, Wong, Andrew, Wood, Angela, Woodward, Hannah, Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Zaninotto, Paola, Zheng, Bang, Zhu, Jingmin, Eastwood, Sophie, Horne, Elsie M F, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, Cuitun Coronado, Jose, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Morton, Caroline, and Sterne, Jonathan A C

Published
2024
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7. Promoting mental health and well-being in schools: examining mindfulness, relaxation and strategies for safety and well-being in English primary and secondary schools—study protocol for a multi-school, cluster randomised controlled trial (INSPIRE)

Author

Hayes, Daniel, Moore, Anna, Stapley, Emily, Humphrey, Neil, Mansfield, Rosie, Santos, Joao, Ashworth, Emma, Patalay, Praveetha, Bonin, Eva-Maria, Evans-Lacko, Sara, Moltrecht, Bettina, Nisbet, Kirsty, Thornton, Emma, Lange, Aurelie, Stallard, Paul, Thompson, Abigail, Boehnke, Jan Rasmus, and Deighton, Jessica

Published
2023
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14. Ethnic differences in the indirect effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on clinical monitoring and hospitalisations for non-COVID conditions in England: a population-based, observational cohort study using the OpenSAFELY platform

Author

Chaturvedi, Nishi, Park, Chloe, Carnemolla, Alisia, Williams, Dylan, Knueppel, Anika, Boyd, Andy, Turner, Emma L., Evans, Katharine M., Thomas, Richard, Berman, Samantha, McLachlan, Stela, Crane, Matthew, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Oakley, Jacqui, Foster, Diane, Woodward, Hannah, Campbell, Kirsteen C., Timpson, Nicholas, Kwong, Alex, Soares, Ana Goncalves, Griffith, Gareth, Toms, Renin, Jones, Louise, Annie, Herbert, Mitchell, Ruth, Palmer, Tom, Sterne, Jonathan, Walker, Venexia, Huntley, Lizzie, Fox, Laura, Denholm, Rachel, Knight, Rochelle, Northstone, Kate, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Horne, Elsie, Forbes, Harriet, North, Teri, Taylor, Kurt, Arab, Marwa A.L., Walker, Scott, Coronado, Jose I.C., Karthikeyan, Arun S., Ploubidis, George, Moltrecht, Bettina, Booth, Charlotte, Parsons, Sam, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Steves, Claire, Thompson, Ellen, Garcia, Paz, Cheetham, Nathan, Bowyer, Ruth, Freydin, Maxim, Roberts, Amy, Goldacre, Ben, Walker, Alex, Morley, Jess, Hulme, William, Nab, Linda, Fisher, Louis, MacKenna, Brian, Andrews, Colm, Curtis, Helen, Hopcroft, Lisa, Green, Amelia, Patalay, Praveetha, Maddock, Jane, Patel, Kishan, Stafford, Jean, Jacques, Wels, Tilling, Kate, Macleod, John, McElroy, Eoin, Shah, Anoop, Silverwood, Richard, Denaxas, Spiros, Flaig, Robin, McCartney, Daniel, Campbell, Archie, Tomlinson, Laurie, Tazare, John, Zheng, Bang, Smeeth, Liam, Herrett, Emily, Cowling, Thomas, Mansfield, Kate, Costello, Ruth E., Wang, Kevin, Mansfield, Kathryn, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Douglas, Ian, Langan, Sinead, Brophy, Sinead, Parker, Michael, Kennedy, Jonathan, McEachan, Rosie, Wright, John, Willan, Kathryn, Badrick, Ellena, Santorelli, Gillian, Yang, Tiffany, Hou, Bo, Steptoe, Andrew, Giorgio, Di Gessa, Zhu, Jingmin, Zaninotto, Paola, Wood, Angela, Cezard, Genevieve, Ip, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Sampri, Alexia, Rafeti, Elena, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Sheikh, Aziz, Shah, Syed A., Katikireddi, Vittal, Shaw, Richard, Hamilton, Olivia, Green, Michael, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kopasker, Daniel, Greaves, Felix, Willans, Robert, Glen, Fiona, Sharp, Steve, Hughes, Alun, Wong, Andrew, Howes, Lee Hamill, Rapala, Alicja, Nigrelli, Lidia, McArdle, Fintan, Beckford, Chelsea, Raman, Betty, Dobson, Richard, Folarin, Amos, Stewart, Callum, Ranjan, Yatharth, Carpentieri, Jd, Sheard, Laura, Fang, Chao, Baz, Sarah, Gibson, Andy, Kellas, John, Neubauer, Stefan, Piechnik, Stefan, Lukaschuk, Elena, Saunders, Laura C., Wild, James M., Smith, Stephen, Jezzard, Peter, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Finnigan, Lucy, Ferreira, Vanessa, Green, Mark, Rhead, Rebecca, Kibble, Milla, Wei, Yinghui, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Teece, Lucy, Parker, Edward, Walker, Alex J., Inglesby, Peter, Curtis, Helen J., Morton, Caroline E., Morley, Jessica, Mehrkar, Amir, Bacon, Sebastian C.J., Hickman, George, Croker, Richard, Evans, David, Ward, Tom, DeVito, Nicholas J., Green, Amelia C.A., Massey, Jon, Smith, Rebecca M., Hulme, William J., Davy, Simon, Andrews, Colm D., Hopcroft, Lisa E.M., Drysdale, Henry, Dillingham, Iain, Park, Robin Y., Higgins, Rose, Cunningham, Christine, Wiedemann, Milan, Maude, Steven, Macdonald, Orla, Butler-Cole, Ben F.C., O'Dwyer, Thomas, Stables, Catherine L., Wood, Christopher, Brown, Andrew D., Speed, Victoria, Bridges, Lucy, Schaffer, Andrea L., Walters, Caroline E., Rentsch, Christopher T., Bhaskaran, Krishnan, Schultze, Anna, Williamson, Elizabeth J., McDonald, Helen I., Tomlinson, Laurie A., Mathur, Rohini, Eggo, Rosalind M., Wing, Kevin, Wong, Angel Y.S., Grieve, Richard, Grint, Daniel J., Mansfield, Kathryn E., Douglas, Ian J., Evans, Stephen J.W., Walker, Jemma L., Cowling, Thomas E., Herrett, Emily L., Parker, Edward P.K., Bates, Christopher, Cockburn, Jonathan, Parry, John, Hester, Frank, Harper, Sam, O'Hanlon, Shaun, Eavis, Alex, Jarvis, Richard, Avramov, Dima, Griffiths, Paul, Fowles, Aaron, Parkes, Nasreen, Nicholson, Brian, Perera, Rafael, Harrison, David, Khunti, Kamlesh, Sterne, Jonathan AC., Quint, Jennifer, Henderson, Alasdair D., Carreira, Helena, Bidulka, Patrick, Warren-Gash, Charlotte, Hayes, Joseph F., Quint, Jennifer K., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Langan, Sinéad M.

Published
2023
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15. General Psychopathology and Dysregulation Profile in a Longitudinal Community Sample: Stability, Antecedents and Outcomes

Author

Deutz, Marike HF, Geeraerts, Sanne B, Belsky, Jay, Deković, Maja, van Baar, Anneloes L, Prinzie, Peter, and Patalay, Praveetha

Subjects
Pediatric, Prevention, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, Depression, Brain Disorders, Mental Health, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Child, Child Behavior, Child Behavior Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Mental Disorders, Personality Tests, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Self Report, p factor, Dysregulation, Comorbidity, Bifactor model, Child Behavior Checklist, Clinical Sciences, Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine, Psychology, Developmental & Child Psychology
Abstract

The general factor of psychopathology (GP, or p factor) and the Dysregulation Profile (DP) are two conceptually similar, but independently developed approaches to understand psychopathology. GP and DP models and their stability, antecedents and outcomes are studied in a longitudinal sample of 1073 children (49.8% female). GP and DP models were estimated at ages 8 and 14 years using the parent-reported Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Youth Self Report (YSR). Early childhood antecedents and adolescent outcomes were derived using a multi-method multi-informant approach. Results showed that the general GP and DP had similar key symptoms and were similarly related to early-childhood antecedents (e.g., lower effortful control, higher maternal depression) and adolescent outcomes (e.g., reduced academic functioning, poorer mental health). This study demonstrates that GP and DP are highly similar constructs in middle childhood and adolescence, both describing a general vulnerability for psychopathology with (emotional) dysregulation at its core. Scientific integration of these approaches could lead to a better understanding of the structure, antecedents and outcomes of psychopathology.

Published
2020

16. Integrating the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) Into Clinical Practice

Author

Ruggero, Camilo J, Kotov, Roman, Hopwood, Christopher J, First, Michael, Clark, Lee Anna, Skodol, Andrew E, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Patrick, Christopher J, Bach, Bo, Cicero, David C, Docherty, Anna, Simms, Leonard J, Bagby, R Michael, Krueger, Robert F, Callahan, Jennifer L, Chmielewski, Michael, Conway, Christopher C, De Clercq, Barbara, Dornbach-Bender, Allison, Eaton, Nicholas R, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Haltigan, John D, Miller, Joshua D, Morey, Leslie C, Patalay, Praveetha, Regier, Darrel A, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Shackman, Alexander J, Waszczuk, Monika A, Watson, David, Wright, Aidan GC, and Zimmermann, Johannes

Subjects
Health Services, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Brain Disorders, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Humans, Mental Disorders, Models, Theoretical, Psychopathology, classification, diagnosis, nosology, psychopathology, treatment, Psychology, Clinical Psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveDiagnosis is a cornerstone of clinical practice for mental health care providers, yet traditional diagnostic systems have well-known shortcomings, including inadequate reliability, high comorbidity, and marked within-diagnosis heterogeneity. The Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) is a data-driven, hierarchically based alternative to traditional classifications that conceptualizes psychopathology as a set of dimensions organized into increasingly broad, transdiagnostic spectra. Prior work has shown that using a dimensional approach improves reliability and validity, but translating a model like HiTOP into a workable system that is useful for health care providers remains a major challenge.MethodThe present work outlines the HiTOP model and describes the core principles to guide its integration into clinical practice.ResultsPotential advantages and limitations of the HiTOP model for clinical utility are reviewed, including with respect to case conceptualization and treatment planning. A HiTOP approach to practice is illustrated and contrasted with an approach based on traditional nosology. Common barriers to using HiTOP in real-world health care settings and solutions to these barriers are discussed.ConclusionsHiTOP represents a viable alternative to classifying mental illness that can be integrated into practice today, although research is needed to further establish its utility. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2019 APA, all rights reserved).

Published
2019

17. Identifying and visualising multimorbidity and comorbidity patterns in patients in the English National Health Service: a population-based study

Author

Alexander, Daniel C, Asiimwe, Innocent G, Ball, Simon, Bennett, Frances, Borges, Maria Carolina, Butterworth, Adam, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Chopade, Sandesh, Clarkson, Christopher, Cox, Martin, Dale, Caroline, Denaxas, Spiros, Dunca, Diana, Engmann, Jorgen E, Fernandez-Sanles, Alba, Finan, Chris, Fitzpatrick, Natalie, Gallagher, Jean, Gonzalez-Izquierdo, Arturo, Gratton, Jasmine, Gross, Christian, Hemingway, Harry, Henry, Albert, Hidajat, Mira, Hingorani, Aroon, Hukerikar, Nikita, Jorgensen, Andrea, Joshi, Roshni, Katsoulis, Michail, Kuan, Valerie, Kumar, Rashmi, Lai, Alvina G, Langenberg, Claudia, Lawlor, Deborah, Mancini, Mary, Miller, Diane, Ogden, Margaret, Ozyigit, Eda B, Patel, Shilpa, Pirmohamed, Munir, Roberts, Amanda, Ryan, David, Schmidt, Amand F, Shah, Anoop D, Shah, Tina, Sofat, Reecha, Takhar, Rohan, Torralbo, Ana, Ullah, Ayath, Walker, Lauren E, Warwick, Alasdair, Wheeler, Eleanor, Wright, Victoria L, Wu, Honghan, Zwierzyna, Magdalena, Patalay, Praveetha, Nitsch, Dorothea, Mathur, Rohini, Partridge, Linda, Wong, Ian C K, Hingorani, Melanie, and Hingorani, Aroon D

Published
2023
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22. Psychological distress, depression, anxiety, and life satisfaction following COVID-19 infection: evidence from 11 UK longitudinal population studies

Author

Thompson, Ellen J, Stafford, Jean, Moltrecht, Bettina, Huggins, Charlotte F, Kwong, Alex S F, Shaw, Richard J, Zaninotto, Paola, Patel, Kishan, Silverwood, Richard J, McElroy, Eoin, Pierce, Matthias, Green, Michael J, Bowyer, Ruth C E, Maddock, Jane, Tilling, Kate, Katikireddi, S Vittal, Ploubidis, George B, Porteous, David J, Timpson, Nic, Chaturvedi, Nish, Steves, Claire J, and Patalay, Praveetha

Published
2022
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24. Does Early Child Language Predict Internalizing Symptoms in Adolescence? An Investigation in Two Birth Cohorts Born 30 Years Apart

Author

Thornton, Emma, Patalay, Praveetha, Matthews, Danielle, and Bannard, Colin

Abstract

Language is vital for social interaction, leading some to suggest early linguistic ability paves the way for good adolescent mental health. The relation between age-5 vocabulary and adolescent internalizing symptoms was examined in two U.K. birth cohorts that are nationally representative in terms of sex, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status: the 1970 British Cohort Study (BCS; N = 11,640) and the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS born ~2001; N = 14,754). In the BCS, no relation between receptive vocabulary and age-16 self-reported symptoms was observed ([beta] = 0.00 [-0.03; 0.03]). In the MCS, better expressive vocabulary was associated with "more" age-14 self-reported symptoms ([beta] = 0.05 [0.02; 0.07]). The direction of this effect was reversed for parent-reported symptoms. All effect sizes were small. The relation between childhood vocabulary and internalizing symptoms varies by generation and reporter.

Published
2021
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25. A Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology Can Transform Mental Health Research

Author

Conway, Christopher C, Forbes, Miriam K, Forbush, Kelsie T, Fried, Eiko I, Hallquist, Michael N, Kotov, Roman, Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N, Shackman, Alexander J, Skodol, Andrew E, South, Susan C, Sunderland, Matthew, Waszczuk, Monika A, Zald, David H, Afzali, Mohammad H, Bornovalova, Marina A, Carragher, Natacha, Docherty, Anna R, Jonas, Katherine G, Krueger, Robert F, Patalay, Praveetha, Pincus, Aaron L, Tackett, Jennifer L, Reininghaus, Ulrich, Waldman, Irwin D, Wright, Aidan GC, Zimmermann, Johannes, Bach, Bo, Bagby, R Michael, Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C, Clark, Lee Anna, Dalgleish, Tim, DeYoung, Colin G, Hopwood, Christopher J, Ivanova, Masha Y, Latzman, Robert D, Patrick, Christopher J, Ruggero, Camilo J, Samuel, Douglas B, Watson, David, and Eaton, Nicholas R

Subjects
Psychology, Social and Personality Psychology, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Heuristics, Humans, Mental Disorders, Models, Theoretical, Research Design, Terminology as Topic, mental illness, nosology, individual differences, transdiagnostic, Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology, HiTOP, ICD, DSM, RDoC, Cognitive Sciences, Social Psychology
Abstract

For more than a century, research on psychopathology has focused on categorical diagnoses. Although this work has produced major discoveries, growing evidence points to the superiority of a dimensional approach to the science of mental illness. Here we outline one such dimensional system-the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP)-that is based on empirical patterns of co-occurrence among psychological symptoms. We highlight key ways in which this framework can advance mental-health research, and we provide some heuristics for using HiTOP to test theories of psychopathology. We then review emerging evidence that supports the value of a hierarchical, dimensional model of mental illness across diverse research areas in psychological science. These new data suggest that the HiTOP system has the potential to accelerate and improve research on mental-health problems as well as efforts to more effectively assess, prevent, and treat mental illness.

Published
2019

26. Networks of Depression and Anxiety Symptoms Across Development

Author

McElroy, Eoin, Fearon, Pasco, Belsky, Jay, Fonagy, Peter, and Patalay, Praveetha

Subjects
Clinical and Health Psychology, Psychology, Mental Health, Brain Disorders, Anxiety Disorders, Pediatric, Pediatric Research Initiative, Clinical Research, Depression, Behavioral and Social Science, Mental health, Adolescent, Age Factors, Anxiety, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Models, Statistical, Prospective Studies, depression, anxiety, comorbidity, developmental psychopathology, transdiagnostic, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology, Clinical sciences, Paediatrics, Applied and developmental psychology
Abstract

ObjectiveFrequent co-occurrence and bidirectional longitudinal associations have led some researchers to question the boundaries between depression and anxiety. A longitudinal investigation of the interconnected symptom structure of these constructs may help determine the extent to which they are distinct, and whether this changes over development. Therefore, the present study used network analysis to examine these symptom-symptom associations developmentally from early childhood to mid-adolescence.MethodWe analyzed data from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development (N = 1,147). Depression and anxiety symptoms were assessed on 7 occasions between ages 5 and 14 years using maternal reports. Regularized partial correlation networks were constructed at each time point, and diagnostic boundaries were explored using empirical tests of network modularity (ie, clustering of symptom nodes). Nonparametric permutation tests were used to determine whether symptoms became more associated over development, and network centrality was examined to identify developmental changes in the overall importance of specific symptoms.ResultsSymptoms formed highly interconnected networks, as evidenced by strong associations between depression and anxiety symptoms and a lack of distinct clustering. There was some evidence of an increase in overall connectivity as children aged. Feeling "anxious/fearful" and "unhappy/sad" were consistently the most central symptoms over development.ConclusionMinimal clustering of nodes indicated no separation of depression and anxiety symptoms from early childhood through mid-adolescence. An increase in connectivity over development suggests that symptoms may reinforce each other, potentially contributing to the high levels of lifetime continuity of these disorders.

Published
2018

27. Mental and social wellbeing and the UK coronavirus job retention scheme: Evidence from nine longitudinal studies

Author

Jacques Wels, Booth, Charlotte, Wielgoszewska, Bożena, Green, Michael J., Di Gessa, Giorgio, Huggins, Charlotte F., Griffith, Gareth J., Kwong, Alex S.F., Bowyer, Ruth C.E., Maddock, Jane, Patalay, Praveetha, Silverwood, Richard J., Fitzsimons, Emla, Shaw, Richard, Thompson, Ellen J., Steptoe, Andrew, Hughes, Alun, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Steves, Claire J., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Ploubidis, George B.

Published
2022
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29. The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and smoking, alcohol consumption and vaping during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys

Author

Green, Michael J., Maddock, Jane, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Wielgoszewska, Bożena, Parsons, Sam, Griffith, Gareth J., Croft, Jazz, Stevenson, Anna J., Huggins, Charlotte F., Booth, Charlotte, Wels, Jacques, Silverwood, Richard J., Patalay, Praveetha, Hughes, Alun D., Chaturvedi, Nishi, Howe, Laura D., Fitzsimons, Emla, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Ploubidis, George B.

Published
2022
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30. Long COVID burden and risk factors in 10 UK longitudinal studies and electronic health records

Author

Thompson, Ellen J., Williams, Dylan M., Walker, Alex J., Mitchell, Ruth E., Niedzwiedz, Claire L., Yang, Tiffany C., Huggins, Charlotte F., Kwong, Alex S. F., Silverwood, Richard J., Di Gessa, Giorgio, Bowyer, Ruth C. E., Northstone, Kate, Hou, Bo, Green, Michael J., Dodgeon, Brian, Doores, Katie J., Duncan, Emma L., Williams, Frances M. K., Steptoe, Andrew, Porteous, David J., McEachan, Rosemary R. C., Tomlinson, Laurie, Goldacre, Ben, Patalay, Praveetha, Ploubidis, George B., Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Tilling, Kate, Rentsch, Christopher T., Timpson, Nicholas J., Chaturvedi, Nishi, and Steves, Claire J.

Published
2022
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31. Correction: The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys

Author

Wielgoszewska, Bożena, Maddock, Jane, Green, Michael J., Di Gessa, Giorgio, Parsons, Sam, Griffith, Gareth J., Croft, Jazz, Stevenson, Anna J., Booth, Charlotte, Silverwood, Richard J., Bann, David, Patalay, Praveetha, Hughes, Alun D., Chaturvedi, Nishi, Howe, Laura D., Fitzsimons, Emla, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Ploubidis, George B.

Published
2022
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32. The UK Coronavirus Job Retention Scheme and diet, physical activity, and sleep during the COVID-19 pandemic: evidence from eight longitudinal population surveys

Author

Wielgoszewska, Bożena, Maddock, Jane, Green, Michael J., Di Gessa, Giorgio, Parsons, Sam, Griffith, Gareth J., Croft, Jazz, Stevenson, Anna J., Booth, Charlotte, Silverwood, Richard J., Bann, David, Patalay, Praveetha, Hughes, Alun D., Chaturvedi, Nishi, Howe, Laura D., Fitzsimons, Emla, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Ploubidis, George B.

Published
2022
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34. Home working and social and mental wellbeing at different stages of the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK: Evidence from 7 longitudinal population surveys

Author

Wels, Jacques, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Moltrecht, Bettina, Booth, Charlotte, Green, Michael J., Hamilton, Olivia KL, Demou, Evangelia, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Huggins, Charlotte, Zhu, Jingmin, Santorelli, Gillian, Silverwood, Richard J., Kopasker, Daniel, Shaw, Richard J., Hughes, Alun, Patalay, Praveetha, Steves, Claire, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Porteous, David J., Rhead, Rebecca, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, and Ploubidis, George B.

Subjects
Biological sciences
Abstract

Background Home working has increased since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic's onset with concerns that it may have adverse health implications. We assessed the association between home working and social and mental wellbeing among the employed population aged 16 to 66 through harmonised analyses of 7 UK longitudinal studies. Methods and findings We estimated associations between home working and measures of psychological distress, low life satisfaction, poor self-rated health, low social contact, and loneliness across 3 different stages of the pandemic (T1 = April to June 2020 -first lockdown, T2 = July to October 2020 -eased restrictions, T3 = November 2020 to March 2021 -second lockdown) using modified Poisson regression and meta-analyses to pool results across studies. We successively adjusted the model for sociodemographic characteristics (e.g., age, sex), job characteristics (e.g., sector of activity, pre-pandemic home working propensities), and pre-pandemic health. Among respectively 10,367, 11,585, and 12,179 participants at T1, T2, and T3, we found higher rates of home working at T1 and T3 compared with T2, reflecting lockdown periods. Home working was not associated with psychological distress at T1 (RR = 0.92, 95% CI = 0.79 to 1.08) or T2 (RR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.88 to 1.11), but a detrimental association was found with psychological distress at T3 (RR = 1.17, 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.30). Study limitations include the fact that pre-pandemic home working propensities were derived from external sources, no information was collected on home working dosage and possible reverse association between change in wellbeing and home working likelihood. Conclusions No clear evidence of an association between home working and mental wellbeing was found, apart from greater risk of psychological distress during the second lockdown, but differences across subgroups (e.g., by sex or level of education) may exist. Longer term shifts to home working might not have adverse impacts on population wellbeing in the absence of pandemic restrictions but further monitoring of health inequalities is required., Author(s): Jacques Wels 1,2,*, Bozena Wielgoszewska 3, Bettina Moltrecht 3, Charlotte Booth 3, Michael J. Green 4, Olivia KL Hamilton 4, Evangelia Demou 4, Giorgio Di Gessa 5, Charlotte Huggins [...]

Published
2023
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36. Developmental stability of general and specific factors of psychopathology from early childhood to adolescence: dynamic mutualism or p‐differentiation?

Author

McElroy, Eoin, Belsky, Jay, Carragher, Natacha, Fearon, Pasco, and Patalay, Praveetha

Subjects
Pediatric, Mental Health, Adolescent, Adolescent Development, Child, Child Development, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Disorders, Models, Statistical, Comorbidity, continuity, developmental psychopathology, externalizing disorder, internalizing disorder, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Recent research indicates that the best-fitting structural model of psychopathology includes a general factor capturing comorbidity (p) and several more specific, orthogonal factors. Little is known about the stability of these factors, although two opposing developmental processes have been proposed: dynamic mutualism suggests that symptom-level interaction and reinforcement may lead to a strengthening of comorbidity (p) over time, whereas p-differentiation suggests a general vulnerability to psychopathology that gives way to increasingly distinct patterns of symptoms over time. In order to test both processes, we examine two forms of developmental stability from ages 2 to 14 years: strength (i.e., consistency in the amount of variance explained by general and specific factors) and phenotypic stability (i.e., homotypic and heterotypic continuity). METHODS:Data are from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development. Psychopathology symptoms were assessed nine times between ages 2 and 14 years (n = 1,253) using the Child Behavior Checklist completed by mothers. Confirmatory bifactor modeling was used to test structural models of psychopathology at each age. Consistency in strength was examined by calculating the Explained Common Variance (ECV) and phenotypic stability was investigated with cross-lagged modeling of the general and specific factors. RESULTS:Bifactor models fit the data well across this developmental period. ECV values were reasonably consistent across development, with the general factor accounting for the majority of shared variance (61%-71%). Evidence of both homotypic and heterotypic continuity emerged, with most heterotypic continuity involving the general factor, as it both predicted and was predicted by specific factors. CONCLUSIONS:A bifactor model effectively captures psychopathological comorbidity from early childhood through adolescence. The longitudinal associations between the general and specific factors provide evidence for both the hypothesized processes (dynamic mutualism and p-differentiation) occurring through development.

Published
2018

37. Longitudinal pathways between mental health difficulties and academic performance during middle childhood and early adolescence

Author

Deighton, Jessica, Humphrey, Neil, Belsky, Jay, Boehnke, Jan, Vostanis, Panos, and Patalay, Praveetha

Subjects
Basic Behavioral and Social Science, Pediatric, Behavioral and Social Science, Clinical Research, 2.3 Psychological, social and economic factors, Aetiology, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Academic Performance, Adolescent, Behavioral Symptoms, Child, Child Behavior, Child Development, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Risk Factors, United Kingdom, internalizing, externalizing, academic attainment, longitudinal associations, shared risk, developmental cascades, Psychology, Cognitive Sciences, Developmental & Child Psychology
Abstract

There is a growing appreciation that child functioning in different domains, levels, or systems are interrelated over time. Here, we investigate links between internalizing symptoms, externalizing problems, and academic attainment during middle childhood and early adolescence, drawing on two large data sets (child: mean age 8.7 at enrolment, n = 5,878; adolescent: mean age 11.7, n = 6,388). Using a 2-year cross-lag design, we test three hypotheses - adjustment erosion, academic incompetence, and shared risk - while also examining the moderating influence of gender. Multilevel structural equation models provided consistent evidence of the deleterious effect of externalizing problems on later academic achievement in both cohorts, supporting the adjustment-erosion hypothesis. Evidence supporting the academic-incompetence hypothesis was restricted to the middle childhood cohort, revealing links between early academic failure and later internalizing symptoms. In both cohorts, inclusion of shared-risk variables improved model fit and rendered some previously established cross-lag pathways non-significant. Implications of these findings are discussed, and study strengths and limitations noted. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? Longitudinal research and in particular developmental cascades literature make the case for weaker associations between internalizing symptoms and academic performance than between externalizing problems and academic performance. Findings vary in terms of the magnitude and inferred direction of effects. Inconsistencies may be explained by different age ranges, prevalence of small-to-modest sample sizes, and large time lags between measurement points. Gender differences remain underexamined. What does this study add? The present study used cross-lagged models to examine longitudinal associations in age groups (middle child and adolescence) in a large-scale British sample. The large sample size not only allows for improvements on previous measurement models (e.g., allowing the analysis to account for nesting, and estimation of latent variables) but also allows for examination of gender differences. The findings clarify the role of shared-risk factors in accounting for associations between internalizing, externalizing, and academic performance, by demonstrating that shared-risk factors do not fully account for relationships between internalizing, externalizing, and academic achievement. Specifically, some pathways between mental health and academic attainment consistently remain, even after shared-risk variables have been accounted for. Findings also present consistent support for the potential impact of behavioural problems on children's academic attainment. The negative relationship between low academic attainment and subsequent internalizing symptoms for younger children is also noteworthy.

Published
2018

43. Les progrès dans la réalisation de la classification quantitative de la psychopathologie

Author

Krueger, Robert F., Kotov, Roman, Watson, David, Forbes, Miriam K., Eaton, Nicholas R., Ruggero, Camilo J., Simms, Leonard J., Widiger, Thomas A., Achenbach, Thomas M., Bach, Bo, Bagby, R. Michael, Bornovalova, Marina A., Carpenter, William T., Chmielewski, Michael, Cicero, David C., Clark, Lee Anna, Conway, Christopher, DeClercq, Barbara, DeYoung, Colin G., Docherty, Anna R., Drislane, Laura E., First, Michael B., Forbush, Kelsie T., Hallquist, Michael, Haltigan, John D., Hopwood, Christopher J., Ivanova, Masha Y., Jonas, Katherine G., Latzman, Robert D., Markon, Kristian E., Miller, Joshua D., Morey, Leslie C., Mullins-Sweatt, Stephanie N., Ormel, Johan, Patalay, Praveetha, Patrick, Christopher J., Pincus, Aaron L., Regier, Darrel A., Reininghaus, Ulrich, Rescorla, Leslie A., Samuel, Douglas B., Sellbom, Martin, Shackman, Alexander J., Skodol, Andrew, Slade, Tim, South, Susan C., Sunderland, Matthew, Tackett, Jennifer L., Venables, Noah C., Waldman, Irwin D., Waszczuk, Monika A., Waugh, Mark H., Wright, Aidan G.C., Zald, David H., and Zimmermann, Johannes

Published
2021
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44. Use, acceptability and impact of booklets designed to support mental health self-management and help seeking in schools: results of a large randomised controlled trial in England

Author

Sharpe, Helen, Patalay, Praveetha, Vostanis, Panos, Belsky, Jay, Humphrey, Neil, and Wolpert, Miranda

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Applied and Developmental Psychology, Clinical and Health Psychology, Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Pediatric, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Mental Health, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Child, Cluster Analysis, England, Female, Health Education, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Health Promotion, Help-Seeking Behavior, Humans, Male, Pamphlets, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Process Assessment, Health Care, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Quality of Life, Schools, Self Care, Students, Self-management, Help seeking, Adolescents, Mental health promotion, Developmental & Child Psychology, Clinical sciences, Applied and developmental psychology, Clinical and health psychology
Abstract

Mental health booklets may provide a low-cost means of promoting mental health self-management and help seeking in schools. The aim of the study was to assess the (a) use, (b) acceptability and (c) impact of booklets for students in primary (10-11 years) and secondary school (12-13 years) alone and in conjunction with funding for targeted mental health support. This was a 2 × 2 factorial cluster randomized controlled trial, in which 846 schools in England were randomly allocated to receive/not receive: (1) booklets for students containing information on mental health self-management and help seeking, and (2) funding for mental health support as part of a national mental health initiative. 14,690 students (8139 primary, 6551 secondary) provided self-report on mental health, quality of life (baseline and 1 year follow-up) and help seeking (follow-up). (a) Approximately, 40 % primary school students and 20 % secondary school students reported seeing the booklets. (b) Of these, 87 % of primary school students reported that the booklet was 'very helpful' or 'quite helpful', compared with 73 % in secondary school. (c) There was no detectable impact of booklets on mental health, quality of life or help seeking, either alone or in conjunction with additional funding through the national mental health initiative. Lack of discernable impact of booklets underscores the need for caution in adopting such an approach. However, it is feasible that the impact was obscured by low uptake or that booklets may be more effective when used in a targeted way.

Published
2017

45. Incidence of diabetes after SARS-CoV-2 infection in England and the implications of COVID-19 vaccination: a retrospective cohort study of 16 million people

Author

Taylor, Kurt, Eastwood, Sophie, Walker, Venexia, Cezard, Genevieve, Knight, Rochelle, Al Arab, Marwa, Wei, Yinghui, Horne, Elsie M F, Teece, Lucy, Forbes, Harriet, Walker, Alex, Fisher, Louis, Massey, Jon, Hopcroft, Lisa E M, Palmer, Tom, Cuitun Coronado, Jose, Ip, Samantha, Davy, Simon, Dillingham, Iain, Morton, Caroline, Greaves, Felix, Macleod, John, Goldacre, Ben, Wood, Angela, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Sterne, Jonathan A C, Denholm, Rachel, Al Arab, Marwa, Almaghrabi, Fatima, Andrews, Colm, Badrick, Ellena, Baz, Sarah, Beckford, Chelsea, Berman, Samantha, Bolton, Tom, Booth, Charlotte, Bowyer, Ruth, Boyd, Andy, Bridger-Staatz, Charis, Brophy, Sinead, Campbell, Archie, Campbell, Kirsteen C, Carnemolla, Alisia, Carpentieri, Jd, Cezard, Genevieve, Chaturvedi, Nishi, Cheetham, Nathan, Costello, Ruth, Cowling, Thomas, Crane, Matthew, Cuitun Coronado, Jose Ignacio, Curtis, Helen, Denaxas, Spiros, Denholm, Rachel, Di Gessa, Giorgio, Dobson, Richard, Douglas, Ian, Evans, Katharine M, Fang, Chao, Ferreira, Vanessa, Finnigan, Lucy, Fisher, Louis, Flaig, Robin, Folarin, Amos, Forbes, Harriet, Foster, Diane, Fox, Laura, Freydin, Maxim, Garcia, Paz, Gibson, Andy, Glen, Fiona, Goldacre, Ben, Goncalves Soares, Ana, Greaves, Felix, Green, Amelia, Green, Mark, Green, Michael, Griffith, Gareth, Hamill Howes, Lee, Hamilton, Olivia, Herbet, Annie, Herrett, Emily, Hopcroft, Lisa, Horne, Elsie, Hou, Bo, Hughes, Alun, Hulme, William, Huntley, Lizzie, Ip, Samantha, Jacques, Wels, Jezzard, Peter, Jones, Louise, Kanagaratnam, Arun, Karthikeyan Suseeladevi, Arun, Katikireddi, Vittal, Kellas, John, Kennedy, Jonathan I, Kibble, Milla, Knight, Rochelle, Knueppel, Anika, Kopasker, Daniel, Kromydas, Theocharis, Kwong, Alex, Langan, Sinead, Lemanska, Agnieszka, Lukaschuk, Elena, Mackenna, Brain, Macleod, John, Maddock, Jane, Mahalingasivam, Viyaasan, Mansfield, Kathryn, McArdle, Fintan, McCartney, Daniel, McEachan, Rosie, McElroy, Eoin, McLachlan, Stela, Mitchell, Ruth, Moltrecht, Bettina, Morley, Jess, Nab, Linda, Neubauer, Stefan, Nigrelli, Lidia, North, Teri, Northstone, Kate, Oakley, Jacqui, Palmer, Tom, Park, Chloe, Parker, Michael, Parsons, Sam, Patalay, Praveetha, Patel, Kishan, Perez-Reche, Francisco, Piechnik, Stefan, Piehlmaier, Dominik, Ploubidis, George, Rafeti, Elena, Raman, Betty, Ranjan, Yatharth, Rapala, Alicja, Rhead, Rebecca, Roberts, Amy, Sampri, Alexia, Sanders, Zeena-Britt, Santorelli, Gillian, Saunders, Laura C, Shah, Anoop, Shah, Syed Ahmar, Sharp, Steve, Shaw, Richard, Sheard, Laura, Sheikh, Aziz, Silverwood, Richard, Smeeth, Liam, Smith, Stephen, Stafford, Jean, Steptoe, Andrew, Sterne, Jonathan, Steves, Claire, Stewart, Callum, Taylor, Kurt, Tazare, John, Teece, Lucy, Thomas, Richard, Thompson, Ellen, Tilling, Kate, Timpson, Nicholas, Tomlinson, Laurie, Toms, Renin, Tunnicliffe, Elizabeth, Turner, Emma L, Walker, Alex, Walker, Venexia, Walter, Scott, Wang, Kevin, Wei, Yinghui, Whitehorn, Rebecca, Wielgoszewska, Bozena, Wild, James M, Willan, Kathryn, Willans, Robert, Williams, Dylan, Wong, Andrew, Wood, Angela, Woodward, Hannah, Wright, John, Yang, Tiffany, Zaninotto, Paola, Zheng, Bang, and Zhu, Jingmin

Abstract

Some studies have shown that the incidence of type 2 diabetes increases after a diagnosis of COVID-19, although the evidence is not conclusive. However, the effects of the COVID-19 vaccine on this association, or the effect on other diabetes subtypes, are not clear. We aimed to investigate the association between COVID-19 and incidence of type 2, type 1, gestational and non-specific diabetes, and the effect of COVID- 19 vaccination, up to 52 weeks after diagnosis.

Published
2024
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50. Impact of COVID-19 on mental illness in vaccinated and unvaccinated people: a population-based cohort study in OpenSAFELY

Author

Walker, Venexia, primary, Patalay, Praveetha, additional, Cuitin Coronado, Jose Ignacio, additional, Denholm, Rachel, additional, Forbes, Harriet, additional, Stafford, Jean, additional, Moltrecht, Bettina, additional, Palmer, Tom, additional, Walker, Alex, additional, Thompson, Ellen J, additional, Taylor, Kurt, additional, Cezard, Genevieve, additional, Horne, Elsie MF, additional, Wei, Yinghui, additional, Al Arab, Marwa, additional, Knight, Rochelle, additional, Fisher, Louis, additional, Massey, Jon, additional, Davy, Simon, additional, Mehrkar, Amir, additional, Bacon, Seb, additional, Goldacre, Ben, additional, Wood, Angela, additional, Chaturvedi, Nishi, additional, Macleod, John, additional, John, Ann, additional, and Sterne, Jonathan AC, additional

Published
2023
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