Search

Este estudio de investigación aborda el tema de la motivación laboral en una Institución de educación superior, siguiendo para su desarrollo los planteamientos de Fernando Toro Álvarez. Se aplicaron tres técnicas de recolección de información, con el propósito de realizar una triangulación de fuentes de datos: El Cuestionario de Motivación para el trabajo (CMT), el Cuestionario de preguntas abiertas (CPA) y la entrevista; generando un plan de acción, que contiene estrategias para motivar laboralmente a los empleados públicos de la Decanatura de la Facultad de Ingeniería de la Universidad del Valle. Maestría MAGISTER EN ADMINISTRACIÓN - CALI

The migration of rIL-2-activated T and NK cells into the intercellular space of glioma tissue was studied using multicellular spheroids grown from the human H-2 glioblastoma cell line as targets. Lymphocytes of all analyzed subtypes migrated into the spheroids, but CD56+ cells were particularly migratory. Lymphocytes and the H-2 tissue expressed adhesion molecule subunits for the following potential cell-cell or cell-matrix interactions: alpha 3 beta 1 (VLA-3) to fibronectin, laminin, and collagen; alpha 4 beta 1 (VLA-4) and alpha 5 beta 1 (VLA-5) to fibronectin; alpha 6 beta 1 (VLA-6) to laminin; alpha 4 beta 1 to VCAM-1; alpha L beta 2 (Leu-CAMa/LFA-1) to CD54 (ICAM-1); CD44 to fibronectin, collagen, laminin, hyaluronate; CD2 to CD58 (LFA-3); and CD56 (N-CAM) to CD56. In the H-2 tissue, CD54 and VCAM-1 were expressed as a gradient. The expression of CD54 was weak in the peripheral zone and the expression was stronger in the quiescent deeper zone, whereas the distribution of VCAM-1 showed an inversed pattern. The low expression of CD54 was up-regulated along the frontier of migrating lymphocytes. The migration was almost totally prevented by the anti-CD18 (beta 2) mAb IB4 and TS1/18, and also strongly inhibited by the anti-CD54 mAb LB-2. Instead, mAb known to inhibit the binding of beta 1 integrins to fibronectin were not significantly inhibitory. However, a combination of the GPEILDVPST and GRGDS peptides, which compete for the binding of alpha 4 beta 1 and alpha 5 beta 1 to fibronectin and may also affect other adhesion systems, partially prevented migration.

Los bloqueos peridurales y facetarios han sido controvertidos por su utilidad en el manejo del dolor en pacientes con patología de columna vertebral, utilizándose actualmente como último recurso. Para el presente trabajo de recolectaron, entre enero de 2005 y enero de 2006, en el Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael de Bogotá, 50 pacientes, que según su patología se dividieron en tres grupos. Mientras que al primero, que incluyó 34 pacientes con hernia discal y al segundo, con nueve pacientes con canal lumbar estrecho se les realizó bloqueo peridural, al tercer grupo, con siete pacientes con enfermedad facetaria, se le aplicó bloqueo facetario. Para determinar la utilidad de los bloqueos se evaluó la mejoría del dolor, el regreso a la actividad laboral, la utilización de analgésicos adyuvantes y la necesidad de algún tipo de procedimiento quirúrgico de acuerdo a la patología presentada. El porcentaje de mejoría del dolor para los distintos grupos fue del 71,5% para los pacientes con enfermedad facetaria, del 77,7% para los pacientes con canal lumbar estrecho y del 65% para los pacientes con hernia discal lumbar. El porcentaje de regreso a la actividad laboral en los tres grupos fue similar, con un 85,7% para los pacientes con enfermedad facetaria, 67% para los pacientes con canal lumbar estrecho y 73,5% para los pacientes con hernia discal. La terapia analgésica adyuvante fue requerida por 42,9% de los pacientes con enfermedad facetaria, por el 55,5% de los pacientes con canal lumbar estrecho y por el 29,5% de los pacientes con hernia discal. La cirugía debió realizarse al 11% del grupo con canal estrecho, al 14% del grupo con hernia discal y no se necesitó en ninguno paciente con enfermedad facetaria. Teniendo en cuenta la efectividad de los bloqueos facetarios para aliviar el dolor en pacientes con enfermedad facetaria y de los bloqueos peridurales para los pacientes con canal lumbar estrecho y hernia discal lumbar, con una mejoría del dolor superior al 50% en los tres grupos, con una tasa de regreso al trabajo alta y con una disminución en la necesidad de cirugía, se propone la realización de estos bloqueos, antes de recurrir a procedimientos invasivos. The usefulness of peridural and facet blocks has been controversial in the management of pain in patients with pathology of the spine, being used only as a last resort. For this work we collected 50 patients between January 2005 and January 2006 at the Hospital Universitario Clínica San Rafael de Bogotá. There were separated in 3 groups based on their pathology. The first group included 34 patients with a herniated disc and the second group 9 patients with a narrow lumbar canal who received epidural block, and the third group with facet disease received a facet block. To determine the result of the blocks, we evaluated the improvement in the pain, the return to laboral activity, the use of adjuvant analgesics and the need for surgical intervention. The pain improvement was 71,5% for those patients with facet disease, 77.7% for those patients with a narrow canal and 65% for those with a herniated disc. The percentage of return to laboral activity was similar in the three groups, 85,7% for patients with facet disease, 67% for patients with a narrow canal and 73,5% for patients with a herniated disc. Adjuvant analgesics were required by 42,9% of the patients with facet disease, 55,5% of the patients with a narrow lumbar canal and 29,5% of the patients with a herniated disc. Surgery was necessary in 11% of the patients with a narrow canal and 14% of the patients with a herniated disc. Patients with facet disease did not require surgery. In view of the efficacy of the blocks above 50% for all of the measured parameters, it is proposed that the blocks should always be attempted prior to the use of more invasive methods. Os bloqueios peridurais e facetarias foram discutidos por sua utilidade no manejo da dor em pacientes com patologia de coluna vertebral, utilizando-se atualmente como último recurso. Para o presente trabalho de coletaram, entre janeiro de 2005 e janeiro de 2006, no Hospital Universitário Clínica San Rafael de Bogotá, 50 pacientes, que segundo sua patologia se dividiram em três grupos. Enquanto ao primeiro, que incluiu 34 pacientes com hérnia discal e ao segundo, com nove pacientes com canal lombar estreito se lhes realizou bloqueio peridural, ao terceiro grupo, com sete pacientes com doença facetaria, se lhe aplicou bloqueio facetaria. Para determinar a utilidade dos bloqueios se avaliou a melhoria da dor, o regresso à atividade trabalhista, a utilização de analgésicos adjuvantes e a necessidade de algum tipo de procedimento cirúrgico de acordo à patologia apresentada. A percentagem de melhoria da dor para os diferentes grupos foi do 71,5% para os pacientes com doença facetaria, do 77,7% para os pacientes com canal lombar estreito e do 65% para os pacientes com hérnia discal lombar. A percentagem de regresso à atividade trabalhista nos três grupos foi similar, com um 85,7% para os pacientes com doença facetaria, 67% para os pacientes com canal lombar estreito e 73,5% para os pacientes com hérnia discal. A terapia analgésica adjuvante foi requerida por 42,9% dos pacientes com doença facetaria, pelo 55,5% dos pacientes com canal lombar estreito e pelo 29,5% dos pacientes com hérnia discal. A cirurgia deveu realizar-se aos 11% do grupo com canal estreito, ao 14% do grupo com hérnia discal e não se precisou em nenhum paciente com doença facetaria. Tendo em conta a efetividade dos bloqueios facetarias para aliviar a dor em pacientes com doença facetaria e dos bloqueios peridurais para os pacientes com canal lombar estreito e hérnia discal lombar, com uma melhoria da dor superior ao 50% nos três grupos, com uma taxa de regresso ao trabalho alta e com uma diminuição na necessidade de cirurgia, propõe-se a realização destes bloqueios, antes de recorrer a procedimentos invasivos.

During extravasation and within lymph nodes (LNs), blood lymphocytes interact with laminins (Lms), major components of vascular basement membranes (BMs) and of reticular fibers (RFs), a fibrillar extracellular matrix. However, the identity and role of these Lm isoform(s) are poorly known. By using confocal microscopy examination of human LNs, we show that BMs of high endothelial venules express Lmalpha3, -alpha4, -alpha5, -beta1, -beta2, and -gamma1 chains and that the same chains, in addition to alpha2, are found in RFs. In functional studies with Lm isoforms covering all Lmalpha chains, Lmalpha5 (Lm-511) was the most adhesion- and migration-promoting isoform for human blood lymphocytes, followed by Lmalpha3 (Lm-332) and Lmalpha4 (Lm-411), and the lymphocytes used the alpha6beta1 integrin (INT) as the primary receptor for the Lmalpha5. Moreover, Lm-511 strongly costimulated T cell proliferation, and blood lymphocytes were able to secrete Lmalpha4 and -alpha5 following stimulation. The LN cell number in Lmalpha4-deficient mice compared with wild-type did not differ significantly. This study demonstrates a predominant role for Lmalpha5 in blood lymphocyte biology and identifies LN Lms and their INT receptors in blood lymphocytes.During extravasation and within lymph nodes (LNs), blood lymphocytes interact with laminins (Lms), major components of vascular basement membranes (BMs) and of reticular fibers (RFs), a fibrillar extracellular matrix. However, the identity and role of these Lm isoform(s) are poorly known. By using confocal microscopy examination of human LNs, we show that BMs of high endothelial venules express Lmalpha3, -alpha4, -alpha5, -beta1, -beta2, and -gamma1 chains and that the same chains, in addition to alpha2, are found in RFs. In functional studies with Lm isoforms covering all Lmalpha chains, Lmalpha5 (Lm-511) was the most adhesion- and migration-promoting isoform for human blood lymphocytes, followed by Lmalpha3 (Lm-332) and Lmalpha4 (Lm-411), and the lymphocytes used the alpha6beta1 integrin (INT) as the primary receptor for the Lmalpha5. Moreover, Lm-511 strongly costimulated T cell proliferation, and blood lymphocytes were able to secrete Lmalpha4 and -alpha5 following stimulation. The LN cell number in Lmalpha4-deficient mice compared with wild-type did not differ significantly. This study demonstrates a predominant role for Lmalpha5 in blood lymphocyte biology and identifies LN Lms and their INT receptors in blood lymphocytes.