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Synthesis of aurones and their derivatives have attracted considerable attention due to their significant biological effects investigated along with their corresponding chalcones against some bacterial as well as fungal strains. Title compound 6-(benzyloxy)-2-[(substitutedphenyl)methylidene]-7-methyl-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-one (2a-i) have been synthesized from 1-[4-benzyloxy-2-hydroxy-3-methyl phenyl]-3-(substituted phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one. The structural assignment of the compounds was based on elemental analysis and IR, 1H NMR, LC Mass, and 13C NMR spectral data. All the synthesized compounds have been screened for their antimicrobial activity to gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains and antifungal activity. The antimicrobial activities of the synthesized compounds have been compared with standard drugs like Gentamycin and K. Nystatin. Purity of synthesized compounds has been checked by TLC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recent literature suggests that vitamin D signaling has a protective effect against breast cancer risk. Thus, the aim of the present study was to find the association of vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms with breast cancer risk. Materials and Methods: Fok1, Bsm1, Apa1, and Taq1 polymorphisms were performed by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method, and Poly A polymorphism was carried out using PCR-SSCP in 140 breast cancer patients and 155 controls. Results: Odds ratio was significantly higher in both homozygous variant genotypes (LL) of Poly A polymorphism of VDR (odds ratio [OR] = 5.42, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.19-23.31, P = 0.02) and heterozygous variant genotypes (SL) of Poly A polymorphism of VDR (OR = 3.89, 95% CI = 1.10-13.7, P = 0.03). Fok1, Bsm1, Apa1, and Taq1 polymorphisms of VDR gene were not significantly associated with breast cancer risk. Conclusion: Poly A polymorphism at the 3' untranslated region (UTR) of VDR gene was significantly associated with breast cancer risk in West Indian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Breast carcinoma is the most common malignant tumor worldwide and leading cause ofdeath in women. Present study was aimed to study patterns of expression of Hormone receptor (ER PR) andHer- 2/neu in invasive breast carcinoma and to correlate ER PR status and Her-2/neu expression with various clinicopathological parameters. Materials and Method: 175 cases of Invasive primary Breast carcinoma were studied from May 2014 to September 2017.Routine H and E staining for histopathological diagnosis and IHC analysis for ER,PR receptor with Her2/neu were carried out in all cases. Results: Mean age at diagnosis was 51.3 years. The predominant histology was Invasive ductal carcinoma 90.9% cases. Most lesions 65.1% were >2 to5 cm in size. Majority of cases were grade II (47.2%) and grade III (47.8%).. Immunohistochemistry revealed 29.8% cases to be ER positive, 32.0% cases PR positive and 29.1% cases Her2/neu positive. 55.7% cases were triple negative. Conclusion: In our study ER,PR receptor and Her2neu expression revealed significant association with clinicopathological parameters. As the grade of the tumor increased ER and PR positivity gradually decreased. No significant correlation was seen between Her2/neu and tumor grade. ER, PR and Her2/neu expression did not show any significant correlation with age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Substituted imidazole analogues 2‐((5‐acetyl‐4‐methyl‐1‐phenyl‐1H‐imidazole‐2‐yl)thio)‐N‐phenylacetamides (3a–3m) have been synthesized from 1‐[1‐(phenyl)‐2‐mercapto‐4‐methyl‐1H‐imidazol‐5‐yl]‐ethanone (1a–1e) and 2‐chloro‐N‐phenylacetamide (2a–2i) in the presence of potassium carbonate as a catalyst in dimethylformamide under microwave irradiation as well as conventional method. Structures of the obtained compounds have been confirmed by advance spectroscopic techniques such as IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectrometry. All the synthesized compounds were tested for their in vitro antimicrobial and antituberculosis activities. Good antibacterial molecules were further screened for the bacterial resisted cell line, from which compound 3b shows maximum inhibition. In silico molecular docking study was carried out to discover the binding affinity of synthesized compounds with active site of transferase (PDB ID: 1HNJ) and antibiotic resistance (PDB ID: 1W3R) protein. Moreover, molecular dynamics study of the 3b‐1W3R complex has also been performed, as 3b has a good antibacterial activity as compared with other. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A series of 2‐(2‐(2‐chlorophenyl)quinoline‐4‐carbonyl)‐N‐substituted hydrazinecarbothioamide derivatives were synthesized by facile and efficient conventional method. The structures of the compounds were elucidated with the aid of an elemental analysis, IR, ESI‐MS, 1H‐NMR, and 13C‐NMR spectral data. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for their in vitro antibacterial, antifungal, antimalarial, and antituberculosis activity against standard drugs. The bacterial studies were determined against gram‐positive and negative bacteria. These compounds were found to a broad spectrum of activity against the screened bacteria, but poor activity was observed against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. Compounds 8d, 8f, 8i, 8l, and 8n showed the potent activity against Staphylococcus aureus. Compounds 8d, 8g, 8k, 8l, and 8q show the potent activity against antimalarial as compared with the standard drugs Chloroquine, Quinine and compounds 8h, 8n, and 8o shows mild activity against H37Rv strain. Molecular docking revealed that synthesized derivatives and target proteins were actively involved in a binding pattern and had a significant corelation with biological activity. We have also performed a molecular dynamics and ADME‐Tox parameters for the synthesized compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Malocclusion in the vertical and sagittal planes is easy to observe whereas it is difficult to diagnose malocclusion in the transverse plane. There are yet no criteria defining a normal transverse occlusion.Aim: The aim of this study was to identify a ratio that defines a normal transverse occlusion.Study Design: This was a retrospective study.Materials and Methods: A total sample of 151 maxillary dental models (M = 55, F = 96) in the age range of 12-16 years were randomly selected, with 73 models in control group and 78 in the study group. All the models were mixed up and given to an operator for the measurement of intercanine width (ICW) and inter-palatal molar width (IPMW).Statistical Analysis Used: The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 16.0. Chi-square test was performed to test the statistical significance difference between the groups at p ≤ 0.05.Results: Nearly 98.60% of normal arches were found to have an IPMW to ICW ratio of 1:1 ± 0.05. On further analysis, it was found that when IPMW ≥37.45 mm, then the case may be considered to have normal arches, and if the ratio between IPMW to ICW is 1.15:1 ± 0.05 or more and IPMW is <34.92 mm, then the case may be identified as deficient arch.Conclusion: The IPMW-to-ICW ratio can be used to differentiate deficient and normal arches. This hypothesis (Banker's hypothesis) is an easy and noninvasive method, using only two parameters, developed to help clinicians in identifying normal transverse dimension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Oral cancer (OC) is the most pernicious sub-site of head and neck tumours with poor prognostic value that is largely ascribed to the lack of ideal biomarkers and therapeutic targets. This fact highlights an urgent need to identify biomarkers that can further aid in OC management., Aim: The aim of this study was to identify a gene panel with a maximum clinical utility for OC., Materials and Methods: Eight eligible datasets were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus Database, containing 320OC samples and 173 normal samples. The data were processed by GeneSpring software to reveal differentially expressed genes between OC tissues and normal tissues in eight individual experiments. Functional enrichment and network analysis were performed using PANTHER and STRING databases for concordant genes (fold change >10; P ≤ 0.05). The selected genes were cross-validated in the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), Oncomine, and KaplanMeier (KM) plotter databases., Results: Totally, 65 concordant genes were identified, including 37 up-regulated genes and 28 down-regulated genes. A 13-gene panel CXCL8, CXCL10, FN1, GBP1, IFIT3, ISG15, MMP1, MMP3, MMP10, OASL, SERPINE1, SPP1, and PLAU was elected from the lists of functionally enriched genes, hub genes, and genes that showed high alterations for mutation, copy number variation, and mRNA expression status in 'Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma patients (n = 279; TCGA, Nature 2015)'. Further, validation in Oncomine database demonstrated significant over-expression of all elected genes in OC patients across multiple datasets. In addition, out of 13, six genes (CXCL8, CXCL10, FN1, PLAU, SERPINE1, and SPP1) showed significant association with the prognosis of Head and Neck cancer patients (n = 500) in the KM plotter database., Conclusions: Using an integrative analysis, our study investigated and validated a 13-gene panel for OC which can be used to improve current diagnostic, prognostic, and treatment approaches.

Objective: An impervious mortality rate in oral cancer (OC) to a certain extent explains the exigencies of precise biomarkers. Therefore, the study was intended to identify OC candidate biomarkers using samples of healthy normal tissues (N=335), adjacent normal tissues (N=93) and OC tissues (N=533) from online microarray data., Methods: Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were recognised through GeneSpring software (Fold change >4.0 and 'p' value.