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The catalytic influences of boric acid have been introduced on dual Friedel‐Crafts reaction between arylamines and aldehydes to install the Csp3‐center that leads to the formation of di‐ or tri‐substituted methanes. The described reaction conditions have directed the transformation to favor the para‐para substitution pattern to deliver the major products rather than the corresponding ortho‐para functionalization process. The devised transformation was examined by DFT calculation, which shows the favorable activation energy of transition states (TS) for the generation of highly substituted molecular scaffolds. The method was applicable over diversely substituted aldehydes and arylamines to afford the final products in excellent yields (60‐92 %) and selectivity. The proposed mechanism is supported by suitable control experiments, GC‐MS studies, and DFT calculations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Development of new, cost effective, stable heterogeneous catalyst for the organic transformations is an important thematic area of research. Present work describes the development of new Pd@rGO−CuFe2O4 catalyst and demonstrates its effectiveness for Suzuki‐Miyaura type coupling reactions. The additional advantage of this reaction is its feasibility using biomass‐derived solvent like γ‐Valerolactone (GVL) in aqueous media. The catalyst is prepared hydrothermally and characterized using XRD, FESEM, EDX, and XPS analysis. The catalyst exhibits excellent activity and recyclability (up to six times) in the C−C coupling reaction to deliver the corresponding biaryl molecules in yields up to 90 %. High efficiency for the conversion of nitriles to amides is also revealed by the prepared catalyst. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The quality of the buried heterojunction of nickel oxide (NiO X )/perovskite is crucial for efficient charge carrier extraction and minimizing interfacial non-radiative recombination in inverted perovskite solar cells (PSCs). However, NiO X has limitations as a hole transport layer (HTL) due to energy level mismatch, low conduction, and undesirable redox reactions with the perovskite layer, which impede power conversion efficiency (PCE) and long-term stability. In this study, para-amino 2,3,5,6-tetrafluorobenzoic acid (PATFBA) is proposed as a bifacial defect passivator to tailor the NiO X /perovskite interface. The acid group and adjacent fluorine atoms of PATFBA effectively passivate NiO X surface defects, thereby improving its Ni 3+ /Ni 2+ ratio, hole extraction capability, and energy band alignment with perovskite, while also providing active sites for homogenous nucleation. Meanwhile, the amine and adjacent fluorine atomsstabilize the buried perovskite interface by passivating interfacial defects, resulting in higher crystalline perovskite films with supressed non-radaitive recombination. Furthermore, the PATFBA buffer layer prevents redox reactions between Ni 3+ and perovskite.These synergistic bi-directional interactions lead to optimized inverted PSCs with a PCE of 20.51% compared to 16.89% for pristine devices and the unencapsulated PATFBA-modified devices exhibit outstanding thermal and long-term stability. This work provides a new engineering approach to buried interfaces through the synergy of functional groups., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)