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3. Soft X-ray Focusing Telescope Aboard AstroSat: Design, Characteristics and Performance

Author

Singh, K. P., Stewart, G. C., Westergaard, N. J., Bhattacharayya, S., Chandra, S., Chitnis, V. R., Dewangan, G. C., Kothare, A. T., Mirza, I. M., Mukerjee, K., Navalkar, V., Shah, H., Abbey, A. F., Beardmore, A. P., Kotak, S., Kamble, N., Vishwakarama, S., Pathare, D. P., Risbud, V. M., Koyande, J. P., Stevenson, T., Bicknell, C., Crawford, T., Hansford, G., Peters, G., Sykes, J., Agarwal, P., Sebastian, M., Rajarajan, A., Nagesh, G., Narendra, S., Ramesh, M., Rai, R., Navalgund, K. H., Sarma, K. S., Pandiyan, R., Subbarao, K., Gupta, T., Thakkar, N., Singh, A. K., and Bajpai, A.

Published
2017
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8. Soft X-ray Focusing Telescope Aboard AstroSat: Design, Characteristics and Performance

Author

Singh, K, Stewart, G., Westergaard, Niels Jørgen Stenfeldt, Bhattacharayya, S., Chandra, S., Chitnis, V., Dewangan, G., Kothare, A., Mirza, I., Mukerjee, K., Navalkar, V., Shah, Nigam H., Abbey, A., Beardmore, Andy, Kotak, S., Kamble, N., Vishwakarama, S., Pathare, D., Risbud, V., Koyande, J., Stevenson, T, Bicknell, Chris, Crawford, T., Hansford, G., Peters, Günther H.J., Sykes, J, Agarwal, P., Sebastian, Javier Maicas, Rajarajan, A., Nagesh, G., Narendra, S., Ramesh, M., Rai, R., Navalgund, K., Sarma, K., Pandiyan, R., Subbarao, K., Gupta, T., Thakkar, N., Singh, A., Bajpai, A., Singh, K, Stewart, G., Westergaard, Niels Jørgen Stenfeldt, Bhattacharayya, S., Chandra, S., Chitnis, V., Dewangan, G., Kothare, A., Mirza, I., Mukerjee, K., Navalkar, V., Shah, Nigam H., Abbey, A., Beardmore, Andy, Kotak, S., Kamble, N., Vishwakarama, S., Pathare, D., Risbud, V., Koyande, J., Stevenson, T, Bicknell, Chris, Crawford, T., Hansford, G., Peters, Günther H.J., Sykes, J, Agarwal, P., Sebastian, Javier Maicas, Rajarajan, A., Nagesh, G., Narendra, S., Ramesh, M., Rai, R., Navalgund, K., Sarma, K., Pandiyan, R., Subbarao, K., Gupta, T., Thakkar, N., Singh, A., and Bajpai, A.

Abstract

The Soft X-ray focusing Telescope (SXT), India’s first X-ray telescope based on the principle of grazing incidence, was launched aboard the AstroSat and made operational on October 26, 2015. X-rays in the energy band of 0.3–8.0 keV are focussed on to a cooled charge coupled device thus providing medium resolution X-ray spectroscopy of cosmic X-ray sources of various types. It is the most sensitive X-ray instrument aboard the AstroSat. In its first year of operation, SXT has been used to observe objects ranging from active stars, compact binaries, supernova remnants, active galactic nuclei and clusters of galaxies in order to study its performance and quantify its characteriztics. Here, we present an overview of its design, mechanical hardware, electronics, data modes, observational constraints, pipeline processing and its in-orbit performance based on preliminary results from its characterization during the performance verification phase.

Published
2017

11. Development and validation of enantioselective high performance liquid chromatographic method for Valacyclovir, an antiviral drug in drug substance.

Author

Jadhav AS, Pathare DB, and Shingare MS

Subjects
Acyclovir analysis, Acyclovir chemistry, Antiviral Agents chemistry, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid instrumentation, Drug Stability, Molecular Structure, Reproducibility of Results, Solutions chemistry, Stereoisomerism, Valacyclovir, Valine analysis, Valine chemistry, Acyclovir analogs & derivatives, Antiviral Agents analysis, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid methods, Valine analogs & derivatives
Abstract

A chiral high performance liquid chromatographic method was developed and validated for the enantiomeric resolution of Valacyclovir, L-valine 2-[(2-amino-1,6-dihydro-6-oxo-9h-purin-9-yl) methoxy] ethyl ester, an antiviral agent in bulk drug substance. The enantiomers of Valacyclovir were resolved on a Chiralpak AD (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 10 microm) column using a mobile phase system containing n-hexane: ethanol: diethylamine (30:70:0.1, v/v/v). The resolution between the enantiomers was found not less than four. The presence of diethylamine in the mobile phase has played an important role in enhancing chromatographic efficiency and resolution between the enantiomers. The developed method was extensively validated and proved to be robust. The limit of detection and limit of quantification of (D)-enantiomer were found to be 300 and 900 ng/ml, respectively, for 20 microL injection volume. The calibration curve showed excellent linearity over the concentration range of 900 ng/ml (LOQ) to 6000 ng/ml for (D)-enantiomer. The percentage recovery of (D)-enantiomer was ranged from 97.50 to 102.18 in bulk drug samples of Valacyclovir. Valacyclovir sample solution and mobile phase were found to be stable for at least 48 h. The proposed method was found to be suitable and accurate for the quantitative determination of (D)-enantiomer in bulk drugs substance. It can be also used to test the stability samples of Valacyclovir.

Published
2007
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