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3. Doubly resonant photoacoustic spectroscopy: ultra-high sensitivity meets ultra-wide dynamic range

Author

Wang, Zhen, Wang, Qiang, Zhang, Hui, Borri, Simone, Galli, Iacopo, Sampaolo, Angelo, Patimisco, Pietro, Spagnolo, Vincenzo Luigi, De Natale, Paolo, and Ren, Wei

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Physics - Optics
Abstract

Photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) based gas sensors with high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, low cost, and small footprint are desirable across a broad range of applications in energy, environment, safety, and public health. However, most works have focused on either acoustic resonator to enhance acoustic wave or optical resonator to enhance optical wave. Herein, we develop a gas sensor based on doubly resonant PAS in which the acoustic and optical waves are simultaneously enhanced using combined optical and acoustic resonators in a centimeter-long configuration. Not only the lower detection limit is enhanced by the double standing waves, but also the upper detection limit is expanded due to the short resonators. As an example, we developed a sensor by detecting acetylene (C2H2), achieving a noise equivalent absorption of 5.7*10-13 cm-1 and a dynamic range of eight orders. Compared to the state-of-the-art PAS gas sensors, the developed sensor increases the sensitivity by two orders of magnitude and extends the dynamic range by three orders of magnitude. Besides, a laser-cavity-molecule locking strategy is proposed to provide additional flexibility of fast gas detection.

Published
2022
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9. Measurement of methane, nitrous oxide and ammonia in atmosphere with a compact quartz-enhanced photoacoustic sensor

Author

Menduni, G., Zifarelli, A., Kniazeva, E., Dello Russo, S., Ranieri, A. C., Ranieri, E., Patimisco, P., Sampaolo, A., Giglio, M., Manassero, F., Dinuccio, E., Provolo, G., Wu, H., Lei, D., and Spagnolo, V.

Subjects
Nitrous oxide, Multi-gas detection, Metals and Alloys, Ammonia, Methane, Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy, Trace gas sensing, Condensed Matter Physics, Surfaces, Coatings and Films, Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials, Materials Chemistry, Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Instrumentation, Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy, Trace gas sensing, Methane, Nitrous oxide, Ammonia, Multi-gas detection
Published
2023
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13. Recent advances in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy for environmental monitoring applications

Author

Giglio, M., Zifarelli, A., Menduni, G., Raffaele De Palo, Di Gioia, M., Sampaolo, A., Patimisco, P., and Spagnolo, V.

Abstract

Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Spectroscopy (QEPAS) has become a gas sensing leading-edge technology thanks to multi-species detection, modularity, ruggedness, portability, and real time operation. In this work, recent applications of QEPAS-based sensors for environmental monitoring are reviewed.

Published
2022
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14. H2S detection in complex gas matrices

Author

Sampaolo, A., primary, Olivieri, M., additional, Menduni, G., additional, Zifarelli, A., additional, Giglio, M., additional, Patimisco, P., additional, and Spagnolo, V., additional

Published
2022
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21. Comparison between interferometric and piezoelectric readout of tuning fork vibrations in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy

Author

Patimisco, P., Zhou, Sheng, Dello Russo, S., Zifarelli, A., Sampaolo, A., Giglio, M., Rossmadl, H., Mackowiak, V., Cable, Alex, Iannuzzi, D., Spagnolo, V., Belyanin, Alexey A., Smowton, Peter M., Biophotonics and Medical Imaging, Amsterdam Neuroscience - Brain Imaging, LaserLaB - Biophotonics and Microscopy, Belyanin, Alexey A., and Smowton, Peter M.

Subjects
Materials science, business.industry, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Signal, Piezoelectricity, law.invention, Vibration, Resonator, Interferometry, Condensed Matter::Materials Science, Transducer, law, Computer Science::Sound, Optoelectronics, Quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy, SDG 7 - Affordable and Clean Energy, Tuning fork, business, Photoacoustic spectroscopy, Gas sensing
Abstract

We report on a comparison between the piezoelectric and interferometric readouts of vibrations in quartz tuning forks (QTFs) when employed as sound wave transducers in quartz-enhanced photoacoustic trace gas sensors. We demonstrate the possibility to properly design the QTF geometry to enhance interferometric readout signal with respect to the piezoelectric one and vice versa. When resonator tubes are acoustically coupled with the QTFs, signal-to-noise ratio enhancements are observed for both readout approaches. These results open the way to the implementation of optical readout of QTF vibrations in applications where external electromagnetic field could distort the piezoelectric signal.

Published
2020
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22. Hollow core waveguide as mid-infrared laser modal beam filter.

Author

Patimisco, P., Sampaolo, A., Giglio, M., Kriesel, J. M., Tittel, F. K., and Spagnolo, V.

Subjects
*INFRARED lasers, *WAVEGUIDES, *MODAL filtering, *LASER beams, *FIBER optical sensors
Abstract

A novel method for mid-IR laser beam mode cleaning employing hollow core waveguide as a modal filter element is reported. The influence of the input laser beam quality on fiber optical losses and output beam profile using a hollow core waveguide with 200 µm-bore size was investigated. Our results demonstrate that even when using a laser with a poor spatial profile, there will exist a minimum fiber length that allows transmission of only the Gaussian-like fundamental waveguide mode from the fiber, filtering out all the higher order modes. This essentially single mode output is preserved also when the waveguide is bent to a radius of curvature of 7.5 cm, which demonstrates that laser mode filtering can be realized even if a curved light path is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2015
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36. Multi-pass quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy-based trace gas sensing

Author

Qiao, Shunda, Ma, Yufei, Patimisco, Pietro, Sampaolo, Angelo, He, Ying, Lang, Ziting, Tittel, Frank K., and Spagnolo, Vincenzo

Abstract

A multi-pass quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy (MP-QEPAS)-based trace gas sensor is reported. In MP-QEPAS, a multi-pass laser beam pattern through the prong spacing of a quartz tuning fork (QTF) is obtained by means of two right-angle prisms. A large QTF with the prong length of 17 mm and prong spacing of 0.8 mm was employed to increase the passage of multi-pass time and ease the alignment of the beam reflection pattern through the QTF. This multi-pass configuration allows the laser beam to pass through the QTF prong spacing six times. Water vapor (H_2O) was chosen as target gas to investigate the performance of the MP-QEPAS sensor. Compared to a conventional QEPAS measurement, the MP-QEPAS technique provided an enhancement of signal level of ∼3.2 times.

Published
2021

37. Mid-Infrared Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensor for ppb-Level CO Detection in a SF6Gas Matrix Exploiting a T-Grooved Quartz Tuning Fork

Author

Sun, Bo, Zifarelli, Andrea, Wu, Hongpeng, Dello Russo, Stefano, Li, Shangzhi, Patimisco, Pietro, Dong, Lei, and Spagnolo, Vincenzo

Abstract

An optical sensor for highly sensitive detection of carbon monoxide (CO) in sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) was demonstrated by using the quartz-enhanced photoacoustic spectroscopy technique. A spectrophone composed of a custom 8 kHz T-shaped quartz tuning fork with grooved prongs and a pair of resonator tubes, to amplify the laser-induced acoustic waves, was designed aiming to maximize the CO photoacoustic response in SF6. A theoretical analysis and an experimental investigation of the influence of SF6gas matrix on spectrophone resonance properties for CO detection have been provided, and the performances were compared with the standard air matrix. A mid-infrared quantum cascade laser with a central wavelength at 4.61 μm, resonant with the fundamental band of CO, and an optical power of 20 mW was employed as the light excitation source. A minimum detection limit of 10 ppb at 10 s of integration time was achieved, and a sensor response time of ∼3 min was measured.

Published
2020
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49. Quartz-Enhanced Photoacoustic Sensing of H2S

Author

Borri, S., Siciliani de Cumis, M., Viciani, S., D'Amato, F., De Natale, P., Patimisco, P., Scamarcio, G., and Spagnolo, Vincenzo Luigi

Subjects
Gas Sensing, Laser
Published
2014

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