Search

Prediabetes is a high-risk state for diabetes. The study aims to describe routine clinical practice and the views of physicians and pharmacists on prediabetes management.An observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire.A total of 410 physicians and 393 pharmacists completed the questionnaire. Self-adherence to clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) was reported by 51.5% and 23.2% of physicians and pharmacists, respectively. Less than 60% of participants defined prediabetes according to main CPG. Regarding the use of screening strategies to detect prediabetes (physicians: 96%; pharmacists: 42.1%), reports indicate the opportunistic strategy is widely employed (≥75%) whereas systematic screening is unusual (20%). Changes in lifestyle were deemed essential by almost all participants (≥95%), but in clinical practice only 58.3% of healthcare centers and 28.0% of pharmacies were found to provide awareness-raising/instruction. The role of pharmacists in the prevention of prediabetes/diabetes was judged useful by most participants.Use of CPG, systematic prediabetes screening strategies, and specific strategies for patient education are scarce. The support of community pharmacists in prediabetes management was well valued. Therefore, it is crucial that the lines of action followed by both physicians and pharmacists align with each other and with the CPG.

Background Pulse glucocorticoid therapy is used in COVID-19 infection. We evaluated the effectiveness of methylprednisolone 250 mg/d for 3 days vs. dexamethasone 6 mg/d for 10 days in patients with severe but not critical COVID-19 pneumonia. Methods A multicentre, randomized, open-label, controlled trial was conducted between February 2021 and August 2021 at 4 hospitals in Spain and included 128 hospitalized adults with confirmed COVID-19 pneumonia needing oxygen therapy but not critically ill. Patients were randomly assigned in a 1:1 ratio to receive dexamethasone 6 once daily for 10 days or methylprednisolone 250 mg once daily for 3 days. The primary outcome was 28-day mortality. Results Of the 128 randomized patients, 125 were analysed (mean age 60 ± 17 years; 82 males [66%]). Mortality at 28 days was 4.8% in the 250 mg methylprednisolone group vs. 4.8 % in the 6 mg dexamethasone group (absolute risk difference, 0.1% [95% CI, -8.8 to 9.1%]; P=0.98). The post-hoc added composite outcome of mortality at 90 days or intubation was 15.9% in the 250 mg methylprednisolone group vs. 15% in the 6 mg dexamethasone group (absolute risk difference, -0.9% [95% CI, -13.8 to 12.3%];P=0.83). Hyperglycaemia was more frequent in the methylprednisolone group, at 27.0 vs. 8.1 % (absolute risk difference, -18.9% [95% CI, -31.8 to - 5.6%]; P=0.007). Conclusion Among severe but not critical patients with COVID-19, 250 mg/d for 3 days of methylprednisolone compared with 6 mg/d for 10 days of dexamethasone did not result in a decrease in mortality or intubation. Disclosures Carlos Dueñas Gutierrez, MD, ViIV, GILEAD, Jannsen, MSD: Lecture fees.

BackgroundOne of the most severe complications in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is intraoperative bile duct injury (BDI). Despite its low incidence, the medical implications for the patient can be serious. Besides, BDI can also generate significant legal issues in healthcare. Different techniques have been described to reduce the incidence of this complication, and near-infrared fluorescence cholangiography with indocyanine green (NIRFC-ICG) is one of the latest additions. In spite of the great interest aroused by this procedure, there are currently great disparities in the usage or administration protocols of ICG.Methods and analysisThis is a randomised, multicentre, per-protocol analysis, open clinical trial with four arms. The estimated duration of the trial is 12 months. The aim of the study is to analyse whether there are differences between the dose and administration ICG intervals to obtain good-quality NIRFC during LC. The primary outcome is the degree of identification of critical biliary structures during LC. In addition, different factors will be analysed that may have an influence on the results of this technique.Ethics and disseminationThe trial will be conducted according to the recommendations for Clinical Trials in the Declaration of Helsinki Ethical Principles for Medical Research Involving Human Subjects and the recommendations of the Spanish Agency of Medicines and Medical Devices (AEMPs) for clinical trials. This trial was approved by the local institutional Ethics Committee and the AEMPs. The results of the study will be presented to the scientific community through publications, conferences or other means.EudraCT number2022-000904-36.Protocol versionV.1.4, 2 June 2022Trial registration numberNCT05419947.

Aim To describe the management of atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD) in routine clinical practice in the Primary Care (PC) setting in Spain. Methods Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study based on a structured questionnaire designed for this study and addressed to PC physicians. The questionnaire content was based on a literature review and was validated by 3 experts in AD. Results A total of 1029 PC physicians participated in the study. 96.99% indicated that AD is determinant for cardiovascular risk, even if LDL-C levels are appropriate. 88.43% evaluated residual cardiovascular risk in their clinical practice, however, only 27.89% of them evaluated it in secondary prevention. Regarding diagnosis, 82.22% reported that TC, TG, HDL-C and non-HDL-C are essential measures when evaluating AD. Almost all physicians reported that they can request fractionated cholesterol to assess HDL-C and LDL-C, however 3.69% could not. Physicians (95.63%) considered that the first step in AD treatment should be diet, regular exercise, smoking cessation and pharmaceutical treatment, if necessary. 19.1% agreed partially or completely that gemfibrozil is the most suitable fibrate to associate with statins. 74.83% completely agreed that fenofibrate is the most suitable fibrate to combine with statins. Conclusions Physicians have access to general Spanish guidelines and recommendations associated with AD management, however, it is necessary to continue rising awareness about the importance of early detection and optimal control of AD to reduce patients’ cardiovascular risk.

Studies in patients with dyslipidemia have revealed that, despite guideline recommendations, treatment remains unchanged even when therapeutic goals are not achieved. Our objective was to determine the degree to which primary care (PC) and specialty care (SC) physicians adhere to clinical guidelines for the management of atherogenic dyslipidemia (AD). This was an observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study. Physicians working in the Spanish Health System completed an electronic questionnaire comprising 24 items organized into three blocks: clinical guidelines, adherence to clinical guidelines, and other issues in the management of AD. The questions were formulated with closed polytomous or categorized responses. Adherence to guidelines, in terms of treatment, was assessed according to physicians’ responses to six patient profiles. Absolute and relative frequencies (qualitative variables), central tendency and dispersion (quantitative variables) were calculated. In total, 980 physicians (88.5% PC) participated in the study; 77.3% used guidelines in their routine clinical practice, with the most used being the Spanish SEMERGEN (73.8%) and the European Society of Cardiology/European Atherosclerosis Society guidelines (41.2%). A total of 83% adhered to guideline recommendations in more than four of the six profiles proposed, 26.2% adhered to the SEMERGEN definition of AD, 66.6% combined all lipoprotein ratios to diagnose AD, and > 60% used non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) to diagnose patients with AD at high cardiovascular risk. In total, 99.0% prescribed a fibrate to reduce triglyceride levels, 47.4% to increase HDL-C levels and 40.2% to reduce small, dense low-density lipoprotein cholesterol particles. Since adherence to clinical guidelines improves both the quality of care and health outcomes, greater adherence to and satisfaction with clinical guidelines for the management of AD may contribute to improvements in and optimization of the management of patients with AD in the Spanish health system.

Management of elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is complex due to their age-related conditions. Several clinical guidelines provide specific recommendations for management of these patients but little is known about their implementation in clinical practice. To describe physician and community pharmacist perceptions and routine clinical practice in the management of elderly T2DM patients. Cross-sectional study. A total of 993 physicians and 999 community pharmacists completed the questionnaire. More physicians than pharmacists agreed on the need to establish more flexible HbA1c targets for elderly (79.4% vs. 30.6%; p

ObjectivesThe usefulness of telemedicine (TM) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been discussed in recent years. The aim of this study is to describe patients’ perceptions about TM and to identify preferences on TM resources, in Spain.DesignAn observational, cross-sectional study was conducted using a structured questionnaire.Participants1036 patients with T2DM accepted to participate in the study (response rate: 68%).ResultsBlood glucose values were recorded by 85.9% of the patients while data such as lifestyle habits were only recorded by 14.4% of the patients. Previous experience in TM was reported by 9.8% of the patients, out of which 70.5% were satisfied with its service and 73.5% considered that the use of TM had optimised their T2DM management. However, most of these patients noted aspects to be improved such as user-friendliness (81.4%), interaction with the medical team (78.4%) and time required for recording/transferring data (78.4%). Experienced patients had better perception about TM usefulness than naïve patients for all listed aspects (pConclusionsIn Spain, nearly 10% of patients with T2DM have experience with TM and it is well accepted, especially one based on glucometers. Nevertheless, in order to promote TM use, easier and time-saving programmes for patient-physician interaction should be optimised.

Knowledge of human papillomavirus (HPV) type distribution in populations at risk for anal cancer is needed. Here, we describe the anal HPV genotype distribution in a large Spanish cohort (Cohort of the Spanish HIV Research Network HPV [CoRIS-HPV]) of HIV-positive men who have sex with men (MSM) according to geographical origin, age, and cytological status. A cross-sectional analysis of baseline data from 1,439 HIV-infected MSM (2007 to 2012) was performed. Anal HPV genotyping was performed using the Linear Array HPV genotyping test. Descriptive analyses of subject characteristics, prevalences, and 95% confidence intervals (CI) were performed. The global prevalences of HPV, high-risk HPV (HR-HPV), and low-risk HPV (LR-HPV) types were 95.8%, 83.0%, and 72.7%, respectively. Among the HR-HPV types, HPV16 was the most common, followed by HPV59, -39, -51, -18, and -52. The prevalence of multiple HR-HPV infections was 58.5%. There were no differences in the crude analyses between Spanish and Latin-American MSM for most HPV types, and a peak in prevalence for most HPV types was seen in patients in their late thirties. Globally and by specific HPV groups, men with abnormal anal cytologies had a higher prevalence of infection than those with normal cytologies. This study has the largest number of HIV-positive MSM with HPV genotype data analyzed according to cytological status as far as we know. The information gained from this study can help with the design of anal cancer prevention strategies in HIV-positive patients.

Purpose The purpose of the present study was to characterize the education that patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus receive, and to identify differences as regards the presence of insulin therapy or not. Methods This crossover, multicentre and descriptive study involved 1066 Spanish physicians who completed a questionnaire on Internet. Results The physicians that responded had a mean of 26.0 years of experience in healthcare, and mainly worked in a walk-in clinic in an urban area. Physicians rated the level of patient knowledge about their disease on a 5.0 point-scale. Fifty percent of them indicated that they spent between 15 and 30 min in educating patients at the time of diagnosis. Previous control with HbA1c > 9%, presence of microvascular complications, and a low socio-cultural level, were factors associated with spending more time in education. Conclusion This is the first study designed to evaluate the education provided to patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from Spain. The time spent and the individualization of the education are important factors associated with better long-term control of the disease, and thus with the effectiveness of the clinical management.