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The distributional patterns of the species of the South American freshwater crayfishes of the family Parastacidae were analysed using panbiogeographical track analyses to identify targeted regions of crayfish biodiversity for understanding biogeographical patterns. Two generalized tracks were identified using the track analysis approach: (1) Uruguay and Brazil (Parastacus brasiliensis, P. brasiliensis promatensis, P. buckupi, P. caeruleodactylus, P. defossus, P. fluviatilis, P. gomesae, P. guapo, P. macanudo, P. pilimanus, P. pilicarpus, P. saffordi, P. tuerkayi, P. varicosus); and (2) Central-southern Chile (P. nicoleti, P. pugnax, Samastacus spinifrons, Virilastacus araucanius, V. jarai, V. retamali and V. rucapihuelensis). These areas were exclusive, with no overlap between them. The results indicate the presence of South American Parastacidae crayfish in Atlantic coastal sub-tropical and Pacific coastal temperate wet climate regions with biogeographic similarities to other South American inland water decapods.

The crayfishes of Chile are endemic species and have been poorly studied with respect to their biology. The available literature is restricted to species descriptions, whereas there is no information about other biological topics such as ectocommensals and parasites, which can affect crayfishes. The aim of the present study was to do a literature review and update the information about ectocommensals and parasites that have been reported from Chilean crayfishes. The literature mentioned the presence of Temnocephala chilensis (Platyhelminthes), Stratiodrilus pugnaxi (Polychaeta) and Protozoa such as species of the genera Operculigera and Lagenophrys as ectocommensals for Parastacus pugnax and Samastacus spinifrons. As an endoparasite, Psorospermium haeckelii was reported, a unicellular eukaryotic organism that was found in P. pugnax ovaria. An additional analysis of collected specimens of P. pugnax and S. spinifrons revealed the presence of T. chilensis, albeit at a low incidence. Ecological, biogeographical and evolutionary topics are discussed considering the case of a marked microendemism of an organism associated with Chilean crayfishes.

This Conference reviews smart fish farming systems that demonstrate how complex science and technology can be made easy for application in seafood production systems. In this context, the focus of this Conference is on the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in fish culture. It aims to protect fish farms from sudden shortages by early detection of fish diseases and monitoring and analyzing fish movement in the ponds. This review explores the techniques and implementation of technologies needed to develop intelligent computer management systems to improve commercial aquaculture production. Current artificial intelligence systems provide a methodology for implementing intuitive and inferential management systems. Obtaining more information about the behavior of their fish and moving towards making data-driven decisions to further improve feeding schedules. AI, fisheries sector can develop rapidly, and production can be quadrupled within a short period as it makes aquaculture a less labor-intensive field. can even be used in conserving endangered species of aquatic life forms. Helps greatly in preventing IUU fishing. In aquaculture, wastage of inputs can be managed through AI and cost can be reduced up to 30%. Thus, AI provides complete control over the fish-producing systems with less maintenance and reduced input cost.

This book provides a checklist with updated information of the species of crustacean zooplankton in Chilean inland waters, while the results of an ecological study offers data for understanding the distribution and abundance of those faunal elements in the area.