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The prevalence of microsatellite instability (MSI) subtype among all colon cancers in India is about 30 %, approximately two times more than that of western population suggesting different molecular pathogeneses. A NanoString analysis-based Pan cancer differential expression (DE) profile was determined in a primary cohort of early-stage CRC (tumor=10, normal=7), and correlated against MSI status. Using RT-PCR, tumor-specific DE genes were validated in another cohort of MSI-high CRC (n=15). Among the most differentially expressed genes, AXIN2, ETV4, and RNF43 were tumor cell-specific signals, while a set of genes including COL11A1, COMP, INHBA, SPP1, MMP3, TLR2, and others were immune cell-specific signals, that had a differential expression between MSI and MSS groups. When overlapped with The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) studies using the Tumor immune estimation resource tool (TIMER), and protein-protein interaction analysis by STRING.db, these genes were segregated to representative tumor cells and immune cells. On validation, the tumor-specific gene signals were inversely associated with TLR4 expression. The differential expression distribution of AXIN2, ETV4, and RNF43 among tumor and immune cells, suggests more than one pathological subset in the MSI-H subgroup of early-stage CRC in the Indian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Byline: Sanjeev. Katti, Roopa. Paulose, Basawantrao. Malipatil, Namita. Verma Appropriate management of the patient with colorectal carcinoma depends on obtaining key prognostic and predictive information from the resection specimen. These [...]

Byline: Roopa. Paulose, Divya. Ail, Shital. Biradar, Anu. Vasudevan, K. Sundaram BACKGROUND: Microsatellite instability (MSI) accounts for 15-20% of colorectal cancer (CRC) and is considered to have favorable stage-adjusted prognosis [...]

Introduction: Congenital Cystic Adenomatoid Malformation (CCAM) is an uncommon developmental deformity affecting the terminal respiratory structures. It is characterized by broncho pulmonary foregut malformations. The reason behind it is an arrest in lung development between 4th and 7th week of fetal life. Aim: The present study was conducted to assess the clinical and radiological profile and also to study the role of surgical intervention in patients with CCAM. Materials and Methods: All patients with clinical suspicion or provisional diagnosis of CCAM were included in the study. A clinical questionnaire was prepared to collect data. Computed Tomography (CT) chest with High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) was done for all the patients. Patients were assessed by paediatric surgeon and eligible patients were operated. The procedure conducted was usually open thoracotomy under general anaesthesia. The affected lobes were removed and specimens were sent for histopathological analysis. All included patients were followed up prospectively to find out about their current level of health. Via telephonic interview they were asked about their overall growth, quality of life, activity, rate of respiratory infections and requirement of hospital admission. Results: Total 15 patients with diagnosis of CCAM were included in the study. Of them, 8 (53.3%) were male. The commonest presentation was cough 13(86%), sucking difficulty 11(73%), fever 9(60%), recurrent pneumonia 4(26%), hypoxia requiring oxygen supplementation 6(40%), others 2(12%). Thirteen patients required surgical intervention and underwent lobectomy. There were 2 cases of type I, one each of type II and III, 3 case of type IV while 5 were intermediate type. There was no procedure related mortality. The median duration of hospital stay and all were successfully discharged with median duration of stay 11 ± 16 days. Conclusion: The study concludes that if recognized early, surgic al removal of affected lung prevents the complications like recurrent pulmonary infections. The surgery is well tolerated without any post-operative mortality or morbidity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]