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1. Calcium-activated potassium current modulates ventricular repolarization in chronic heart failure.

Author

Ingrid M Bonilla, Victor P Long, Pedro Vargas-Pinto, Patrick Wright, Andriy Belevych, Qing Lou, Kent Mowrey, Jae Yoo, Philip F Binkley, Vadim V Fedorov, Sandor Györke, Paulus M L Janssen, Ahmet Kilic, Peter J Mohler, and Cynthia A Carnes

Subjects
Medicine, Science
Abstract

The role of I(KCa) in cardiac repolarization remains controversial and varies across species. The relevance of the current as a therapeutic target is therefore undefined. We examined the cellular electrophysiologic effects of I(KCa) blockade in controls, chronic heart failure (HF) and HF with sustained atrial fibrillation. We used perforated patch action potential recordings to maintain intrinsic calcium cycling. The I(KCa) blocker (apamin 100 nM) was used to examine the role of the current in atrial and ventricular myocytes. A canine tachypacing induced model of HF (1 and 4 months, n = 5 per group) was used, and compared to a group of 4 month HF with 6 weeks of superimposed atrial fibrillation (n = 7). A group of age-matched canine controls were used (n = 8). Human atrial and ventricular myocytes were isolated from explanted end-stage failing hearts which were obtained from transplant recipients, and studied in parallel. Atrial myocyte action potentials were unchanged by I(KCa) blockade in all of the groups studied. I(KCa) blockade did not affect ventricular myocyte repolarization in controls. HF caused prolongation of ventricular myocyte action potential repolarization. I(KCa) blockade caused further prolongation of ventricular repolarization in HF and also caused repolarization instability and early afterdepolarizations. SK2 and SK3 expression in the atria and SK3 in the ventricle were increased in canine heart failure. We conclude that during HF, I(KCa) blockade in ventricular myocytes results in cellular arrhythmias. Furthermore, our data suggest an important role for I(KCa) in the maintenance of ventricular repolarization stability during chronic heart failure. Our findings suggest that novel antiarrhythmic therapies should have safety and efficacy evaluated in both atria and ventricles.

Published
2014
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2. Gelation dynamics upon pressure-induced liquid-liquid phase separation in a water-lysozyme solution

Author

Moron, M., Al-Masoodi, A., Lovato, C., Reiser, M., Randolph, L., Surmeier, G., Bolle, J., Westermeier, F., Sprung, M., Winter, R., Paulus, M., and Gutt, C.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter
Abstract

Employing X-ray photon correlation spectroscopy we measure the kinetics and dynamics of a pressure-induced liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in a water-lysozyme solution. Scattering invariants and kinetic information provide evidence that the system reaches the phase boundary upon pressure-induced LLPS with no sign of arrest. The coarsening slows down with increasing quench depths. The $g_2$-functions display a two-step decay with a gradually increasing non-ergodicity parameter typical for gelation. We observe fast superdiffusive ($\gamma \geq 3/2$) and slow subdiffusive ($\gamma < 0.6$) motion associated with fast viscoelastic fluctuations of the network and a slow viscous coarsening process, respectively. The dynamics age linear with time $\tau \propto t_\mathrm{w}$ and we observe the onset of viscoelastic relaxation for deeper quenches. Our results suggest that the protein solution gels upon reaching the phase boundary.

Published
2021

3. Validation of Selection Function, Sample Contamination and Mass Calibration in Galaxy Cluster Samples

Author

Grandis, S., Klein, M., Mohr, J. J., Bocquet, S., Paulus, M., Abbott, T. M. C., Aguena, M., Allam, S., Annis, J., Benson, B. A., Bertin, E., Bhargava, S., Brooks, D., Burke, D. L., Rosell, A. Carnero, Kind, M. Carrasco, Carretero, J., Capasso, R., Costanzi, M., da Costa, L. N., De Vicente, J., Desai, S., Dietrich, J. P., Doel, P., Eifler, T. F., Everett, S., Evrard, A. E., Flaugher, B., Fosalba, P., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Gaztanaga, E., Gerdes, D. W., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Gschwend, J., Gutierrez, G., Hartley, W. G., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Jeltema, T., Kuehn, K., Kuropatkin, N., Lima, M., Maia, M. A. G., Marshall, J. L., Melchior, P., Menanteau, F., Miquel, R., Ogando, R. L. C., Palmese, A., Paz-Chinchón, F., Plazas, A. A., Romer, A. K., Roodman, A., Sanchez, E., Saro, A., Scarpine, V., Schubnell, M., Serrano, S., Sheldon, E., Smith, M., Stark, A., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Thomas, D., Tucker, D. L., Varga, T. N., Weller, J., and Wilkinson, R. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We construct and validate the selection function of the MARD-Y3 sample. This sample was selected through optical follow-up of the 2nd ROSAT faint source catalog (2RXS) with Dark Energy Survey year 3 (DES-Y3) data. The selection function is modeled by combining an empirically constructed X-ray selection function with an incompleteness model for the optical follow-up. We validate the joint selection function by testing the consistency of the constraints on the X-ray flux--mass and richness--mass scaling relation parameters derived from different sources of mass information: (1) cross-calibration using SPT-SZ clusters, (2) calibration using number counts in X-ray, in optical and in both X-ray and optical while marginalizing over cosmological parameters, and (3) other published analyses. We find that the constraints on the scaling relation from the number counts and SPT-SZ cross-calibration agree, indicating that our modeling of the selection function is adequate. Furthermore, we apply a largely cosmology independent method to validate selection functions via the computation of the probability of finding each cluster in the SPT-SZ sample in the MARD-Y3 sample and vice-versa. This test reveals no clear evidence for MARD-Y3 contamination, SPT-SZ incompleteness or outlier fraction. Finally, we discuss the prospects of the techniques presented here to limit systematic selection effects in future cluster cosmological studies., Comment: 28 pages, 23 figure

Published
2020
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4. Protocol for a randomized controlled trial examining multilevel prediction of response to behavioral activation and exposure-based therapy for generalized anxiety disorder

Author

Santiago, J, Akeman, E, Kirlic, N, Clausen, AN, Cosgrove, KT, McDermott, TJ, Mathis, B, Paulus, M, Craske, MG, Abelson, J, Martell, C, Wolitzky-Taylor, K, Bodurka, J, Thompson, WK, and Aupperle, Robin L

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Brain Disorders, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Mental Health, Clinical Research, Anxiety Disorders, Neurosciences, Mind and Body, Depression, Behavioral and Social Science, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Avoidance Learning, Brain, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Decision Making, Electroencephalography, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Retrospective Studies, Self Report, Treatment Outcome, Young Adult, Generalized anxiety disorder, Behavioral activation, Exposure therapy, Cognitive behavioral therapy, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular System & Hematology, General & Internal Medicine, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Health services and systems
Abstract

BACKGROUND:Only 40-60% of patients with generalized anxiety disorder experience long-lasting improvement with gold standard psychosocial interventions. Identifying neurobehavioral factors that predict treatment success might provide specific targets for more individualized interventions, fostering more optimal outcomes and bringing us closer to the goal of "personalized medicine." Research suggests that reward and threat processing (approach/avoidance behavior) and cognitive control may be important for understanding anxiety and comorbid depressive disorders and may have relevance to treatment outcomes. This study was designed to determine whether approach-avoidance behaviors and associated neural responses moderate treatment response to exposure-based versus behavioral activation therapy for generalized anxiety disorder. METHODS/DESIGN:We are conducting a randomized controlled trial involving two 10-week group-based interventions: exposure-based therapy or behavioral activation therapy. These interventions focus on specific and unique aspects of threat and reward processing, respectively. Prior to and after treatment, participants are interviewed and undergo behavioral, biomarker, and neuroimaging assessments, with a focus on approach and avoidance processing and decision-making. Primary analyses will use mixed models to examine whether hypothesized approach, avoidance, and conflict arbitration behaviors and associated neural responses at baseline moderate symptom change with treatment, as assessed using the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 item scale. Exploratory analyses will examine additional potential treatment moderators and use data reduction and machine learning methods. DISCUSSION:This protocol provides a framework for how studies may be designed to move the field toward neuroscience-informed and personalized psychosocial treatments. The results of this trial will have implications for approach-avoidance processing in generalized anxiety disorder, relationships between levels of analysis (i.e., behavioral, neural), and predictors of behavioral therapy outcome. TRIAL REGISTRATION:The study was retrospectively registered within 21 days of first participant enrollment in accordance with FDAAA 801 with ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02807480. Registered on June 21, 2016, before results.

Published
2020

7. Projected distances to host galaxy reduce SNIa dispersion

Author

Hill, R., Shariff, H., Trotta, R., Ali-Khan, S., Jiao, X., Liu, Y., Moon, S. K., Parker, W., Paulus, M., van Dyk, D. A., and Lucy, L. B.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

We use multi-band imagery data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) to measure projected distances of 302 supernova type Ia (SNIa) from the centre of their host galaxies, normalized to the galaxy's brightness scale length, with a Bayesian approach. We test the hypothesis that SNIas further away from the centre of their host galaxy are less subject to dust contamination (as the dust column density in their environment is smaller) and/or come from a more homogeneous environment. Using the Mann-Whitney U test, we find a statistically significant difference in the observed colour correction distribution between SNIas that are near and those that are far from the centre of their host. The local p-value is 3 x 10^{-3}, which is significant at the 5 per cent level after look-elsewhere effect correction. We estimate the residual scatter of the two subgroups to be 0.073 +/- 0.018 for the far SNIas, compared to 0.114 +/- 0.009 for the near SNIas -- an improvement of 30 per cent, albeit with a low statistical significance of 2sigma. This confirms the importance of host galaxy properties in correctly interpreting SNIa observations for cosmological inference., Comment: Major revision including new fits to the host galaxy images and checks of robustness of results. Statistical results are strengthened. Matched version accepted by MNRAS

Published
2016
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8. What is wellness? Investigating the importance of different domains of wellness among laypeople and experts: A survey study.

Author

Kauppi, Krista J., Roos, Eira T., Borg, Patrik T., Cantell, Katarina S., and Torkki, Paulus M.

Abstract

Aims: Lack of consensus on wellness has led to a vast number of different conceptualisations, which hinder international efforts to monitor individual-level wellness and social progress comparably. This study aimed to aid in the harmonisation of the concept by contributing to the scarce research on laypeople's views on wellness. The study investigates whether the importance of different areas of wellness varies depending on age, gender, education or socio-economic position. Furthermore, considering that wellness models are often constructed by expert panels, this study aimed to shed light on how experts' and laypeople's views on wellness vary. Methods: Altogether, 1152 laypeople and 23 Finnish experts rated the importance of 61 systematic review-based wellness domains. Each domain received an ordinal number, which, together with the Mann–Whitney U -test or Kruskal–Wallis test, was used to examine the differences between the groups. Results: Thirteen wellness domains were found at the top of the lists, regardless of whether the results were analysed based on gender, age, education or socio-economic position. When looking at the priority order of different domains, we were able to identify several differences between the expert panel and laypeople. Conclusions: To ensure the relevance of wellness models, it is vital to understand the areas that laypeople consider to be important for their comprehensive wellness. This study offers 13 domains that could be combined with an expert view on wellness and used as a starting point for creating a more comprehensive, inclusive and better-suited wellness instrument. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2025
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11. Predictors of attrition in a cohort study of HIV infection and methamphetamine dependence

Author

Cattie, J, Marquine, MJ, Bolden, KA, Obermeit, LC, Morgan, EE, Franklin, DR, Umlauf, A, Beck, JM, Hampton Atkinson, J, Woods, SP, Grant, I, Ellis, RJ, Achim, C, Letendre, S, Schrier, R, Heaton, RK, Atkinson, JH, Cherner, M, Marcotte, T, Brown, G, Jernigan, T, Dale, A, Liu, T, Scadeng, M, Fennema-Notestine, C, Archibald, SL, Masliah, E, Lipton, S, Marquie, J, Gamst, AC, Cushman, C, Abramson, I, Vaida, F, Deutsch, R, Minassian, A, Perry, W, Geyer, M, Henry, B, Grethe, AB, Paulus, M, Morris, S, Smith, DM, Semenova, S, Markou, A, and Kaul, M

Subjects
Nursing, Public Health and Health Services, Psychology, Substance Abuse
Abstract

Longitudinal cohort studies of HIV and substance use disorders play an important role in understanding these conditions, but high rates of attrition can threaten their integrity and generalizability. This study aimed to identify factors associated with attrition in a 5-year observational cohort study of 469 individuals with and without HIV infection and methamphetamine (MA) dependence. Rates of attrition in our four study groups were approximately 24% in HIV-MA-, 15% in HIV+MA-, 56% in HIV-MA+, and 47% in HIV+MA+ individuals. Predictors of attrition in the overall cohort included history of MA, alcohol, and other substance dependence, learning impairment, reduced cognitive reserve, and independence in activities of daily living (all ps < 0.05), but varied somewhat by clinical group. Of particular note, enrollment in a neuroimaging sub-study was associated with significantly boosted rates of retention in the MA groups. Results from this investigation highlight the complexity of the clinical factors that influence retention in cohort studies of HIV-infected MA users and might guide the development and implementation of targeted retention efforts.

Published
2015

15. Electrolyte contact changes nano-Li4Ti5O12 bulk properties via surface polarons

Author

Schleker, P., Grosu, C., Paulus, M., Jakes, P., Schlögl, R., Eichel, R., Scheurer, C., and Granwehr, J.

Abstract

It is of general interest to combine the faradaic processes based high energy density of a battery with the non-faradaic processes based high power density of a capacitor in one cell. Surface area and functional groups of electrode materials strongly affect these properties. For the anode material Li4Ti5O12 (LTO), we suggest a polaron based mechanism that influences Li ion uptake and mobility. Here we show electrolytes containing a lithium salt induce an observable change in the bulk NMR relaxation properties of LTO nano particles. The longitudinal 7Li NMR relaxation time of bulk LTO can change by almost an order of magnitude and, therefore, reacts very sensitively to the cation and its concentration in the surrounding electrolyte. The reversible effect is largely independent of the used anions and of potential anion decomposition products. It is concluded that lithium salt containing electrolytes increase the mobility of surface polarons. These polarons and additional lithium cations from the electrolyte can now diffuse through the bulk, induce the observed enhanced relaxation rate and enable the non-faradaic process. This picture of a Li+ equilibrium between electrolyte and solid may help with improving the charging properties of electrode materials.

Published
2023

16. Acute outreach service to nursing homes: A systematic review with GRADE and triple aim approach

Author

Perttu J. Kontunen, Ria M. Holstein, Paulus M. Torkki, Eddy S. Lang, Maaret K. Castrén, University of Helsinki, Department of Industrial Engineering and Management, University of Calgary, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
nursing home, systematic review, literature review, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, mobile integrated healthcare, outreach, aged care facility
Abstract

Funding Information: Partial financial support was received from the Department of Emergency Care and Services, Helsinki University Hospital, University of Helsinki and Business Finland as a part of MASSE‐project (Personalised Care With Mass‐Production Efficiency). Publisher Copyright: © 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Caring Sciences published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of Nordic College of Caring Science. Background: People living in nursing homes face the risk of visiting the emergency department (ED). Outreach services are developing to prevent unnecessary transfers to ED. Aims: We aim to assess the performance of acute care services provided to people living in nursing homes or long-term homecare, focusing on ED transfer prevention, safety, cost-effectiveness and experiences. Materials & Methods: This review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Studies were eligible for inclusion if they were peer-reviewed and examined acute outreach services dedicated to delivering care to people in nursing homes or long-term homecare. The service models could also have preventive components. The databases searched were Scopus and CINAHL. In addition, Robins-I and SIGN checklists were used. The primary outcomes of prevented ED transfers or hospitalisations and the composite outcome of adverse events (mortality/Emergency Medical Service or ED visit after outreach service contact related to the same clinical condition) were graded with GRADE. Results: Fifteen relevant original studies were found—all were observational and focused on nursing homes. The certainty of evidence for acute outreach services with preventive components to prevent ED transfers or hospitalisations was low. Stakeholders were satisfied with these services. The certainty of evidence for solely acute outreach services to prevent ED transfers or hospitalisations was very low and inconclusive. Reporting of adverse events was inconsistent, certainty of evidence for adverse events was low. Conclusion: Published data might support adopting acute outreach services with preventive components for people living in nursing homes to reduce ED transfers, hospitalisations and possibly costs. If an outreach service is started, it is recommended that a cluster-randomised or quasi-experimental research design be incorporated to assess the effectiveness and safety of the service. More evidence is also needed on cost-effectiveness and stakeholders' satisfaction. Systematic review registration number: PROSPERO CRD42020211048, date of registration: 25.09.2020.

Published
2023

23. The detachment behavior of polycarbonate on thin films above the glass transition temperature

Author

Tillmann, W., Hagen, L., Hoffmann, F., Dildrop, M., Wibbeke, A., Schoppner, V., Resonnek, V., Pohl, M., Krumm, C., Tiller, J.C., Paulus, M., and Sternemann, C.

Subjects
Phase transformations (Statistical physics) -- Observations, Thin films -- Mechanical properties -- Thermal properties, Dielectric films -- Mechanical properties -- Thermal properties, Polycarbonates -- Mechanical properties -- Thermal properties, Engineering and manufacturing industries, Science and technology
Abstract

When producing mono-axially stretched films made of amorphous polycarbonate, a self-reinforcement is generated due to the stretching process. This leads to an increase of the strength and stiffness. The mono-axial stretching process is conducted at temperatures above the glass transition temperature, whereas better mechanical properties are obtained at higher stretching temperatures. However, the film tends to adhere to the rolls, especially at temperatures from 10°C above the glass transition temperature. The rolls of the mono-axial stretching unit are made of an induction hardened and polished quenched and tempered steel 1.7225 - 42CrMo4. This work reports on the investigation of the detachment behavior of polycarbonate on different coatings as a function of the temperature and contact time. The main intention is to find a suitable coating on which the polycarbonate film adheres only slightly at temperatures clearly exceeding the glass transition temperature. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 56:786-797, 2016. © 2016 Society of Plastics Engineers, INTRODUCTION Because of the mono-axial stretching process of polycarbonate, the molecular chains are highly oriented, thus enabling to use their high covalent binding forces for strengthening [1]. An anisotropy, which [...]

Published
2016
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24. Severe pulmonary toxicity associated with inhalation of pyrethroid-based domestic insecticides (Bop/Sapolio): a case series and literature review

Author

Marjolein Drent, Paulus M van den Berg, and Adriane D.M. Vorselaars

Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine, LUNG-DISEASES, Insecticides, Pulmonary toxicity, Pyrethrum, DELTAMETHRIN, Physiology, BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE, 03 medical and health sciences, chemistry.chemical_compound, herbicides, 0302 clinical medicine, Administration, Inhalation, Pyrethrins, parasitic diseases, Pyrethrin, interstitial lung diseases, Animals, Humans, Medicine, EXPOSURE, SYNERGIST, 030212 general & internal medicine, pulmonary toxicity, PHOTODEGRADATION, Pyrethroid, pyrethroid, biology, Inhalation, MOLECULAR-MECHANISMS, business.industry, Interstitial lung disease, pesticides, biology.organism_classification, medicine.disease, Deltamethrin, 030228 respiratory system, chemistry, pyrethrum, Toxicity, pyrethrin, business, HYPERSENSITIVITY PNEUMONITIS
Abstract

Purpose of review The current review focuses on serious pulmonary toxicity after inhalation of over the counter available pyrethroid-based insecticides. Pyrethroid is a synthetic product of pyrethrin, which in turn is the active ingredient of pyrethrum, a flower extract. Recent findings On the contrary, a large gap of knowledge exists in the association of interstitial lung disease (ILD) with pyrethroids. So far, two cases of ILD, one associated with pyrethrin and one associated with pyrethrum, were described. Existing literature on both other (pulmo)toxic effects of pyrethroids in human and animals is summarized. Summary We present three cases of severe pulmonary toxicity after inhalation of pyrethroid-based insecticides demanding hospitalization and oxygen therapy. One of these cases died. Although a causal relationship was hard to establish, these cases all demonstrated an obvious history of (repeated) pyrethroid exposure associated with ILD. Moreover, other causes of ILD as well as infections were excluded. Furthermore, studies in mammals as well as aquatic animals confirm (pulmonary) toxicity of pyrethroids. The occurrence of toxicity is dose-dependent but also associated with individual susceptibility. Therefore, we would like to acknowledge that awareness of potential hazards of commercially available insecticides containing pyrethroids to both medical physicians and the public is mandatory.

Published
2021
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25. Design and Deployment of Content Stacks and Portable Asynchronous Learning Platforms for Socially Distanced Learning in a Pandemic or Post Disaster Situation

Author

Villanueva, Joselito Christian Paulus M., primary, Melendres, Mark Anthony V., additional, Lagunzad, Catherine Genevieve B., additional, Libatique, Nathaniel Joseph C., additional, Oppus, Carlos M., additional, Honrado, Jaime Luis E., additional, Tangonan, Gregory L., additional, Salud, Mikaella M., additional, Arandia, Martin Jose M., additional, and Libatique, Paul Raphael M., additional

Published
2022
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29. List of Contributors

Author

Abbas, B., primary, Abreu, A., additional, Adams, R., additional, Adolfsson-Erici, M., additional, Afonso, A., additional, Afonso-Olivares, C., additional, Agirbas, E., additional, Aguiló, J.M., additional, Airoldi, L., additional, Aksoy, H., additional, Albentosa, M., additional, Alcaro, L., additional, Aliani, S., additional, Al-Maslamani, I., additional, Alomar, C., additional, Altin, D., additional, Álvarez, E., additional, Amaral-Zettler, L.A., additional, Amato, E., additional, Anderson, A., additional, Andrady, A.L., additional, Andrius, G., additional, Angel, D., additional, Ariese, F., additional, Arp, H.P., additional, Asensio, M., additional, Assidqi, K., additional, Avio, C.G., additional, Aytan, U., additional, Bahri, T., additional, Baini, M., additional, Bakir, A., additional, Ball, H., additional, Baranyi, C., additional, Barboza, L.G.A., additional, Barg, U., additional, Bargelloni, L., additional, Barras, H., additional, Barrera, C., additional, Barria, P., additional, Barrows, A., additional, Barth, A., additional, Batel, A., additional, Baztan, J., additional, Baztan, P., additional, Beiras, R., additional, Benedetti, M., additional, Berber, A.A., additional, Berber, N., additional, Bergmann, M., additional, Berlino, M., additional, Berrow, S., additional, Bessa, F., additional, Besseling, E., additional, Beyer, B., additional, Binaglia, M., additional, Bizjak, T., additional, Bjorndal, K.A., additional, Blust, R., additional, Boertien, M., additional, Bolten, A.B., additional, Booth, A.M., additional, Bounoua, B., additional, Bourseau, P., additional, Brahimi, N., additional, Bramini, M., additional, Brennholt, N., additional, Breuninger, E., additional, Bried, J., additional, Broderick, A., additional, Broglio, E., additional, Browne, M.A., additional, Bruzaud, S., additional, Buceta, J., additional, Buchinger, S., additional, Budimir, S., additional, Budzin-ski, H., additional, Butter, E., additional, Cachot, J., additional, Caetano, M., additional, Callaghan, A., additional, Camedda, A., additional, Capella, S., additional, Cardelli, L., additional, Carpentieri, S., additional, Carrasco, A., additional, Carriço, R., additional, Caruso, A., additional, Cassone, A.-L., additional, Castillo, A., additional, Castro, R.O., additional, Catarino, A.I., additional, Cazenave, P.W., additional, Çelik, İ., additional, Cerralbo, P., additional, César, G., additional, Chouinard, O., additional, Chubarenko, I., additional, Chubarenko, I.P., additional, Cicero, A.M., additional, Clarindo, G., additional, Clarke, B., additional, Clérandeau, C., additional, Clüsener-Godt, M., additional, Codina-García, M., additional, Cole, M., additional, Collard, F., additional, Collignon, A., additional, Collins, T., additional, Compa, M., additional, Conan, P., additional, Constant, M., additional, Cordier, M., additional, Courtene-Jones, W., additional, Cousin, X., additional, Covelo, P., additional, Cózar, A., additional, Crichton, E., additional, Crispi, O., additional, Cronin, M., additional, Croot, P.L., additional, Cruz, M.J., additional, d’Errico, G., additional, Dâmaso, C., additional, Das, K., additional, de Alencastro, L.F., additional, de Araujo, F.V., additional, de Boer, J.F., additional, de Lucia, G.A., additional, Debeljak, P., additional, Dehaut, A., additional, Deudero, S., additional, Devrieses, L., additional, Di Vito, S., additional, Díaz, A., additional, Donohue, J., additional, Doumenq, P., additional, Doyle, T.K., additional, Dris, R., additional, Druon, J.-N., additional, Duarte, C.M., additional, Duflos, G., additional, Dumontier, M., additional, Duncan, E., additional, Dussud, C., additional, Eckerlebe, A., additional, Egelkraut-Holtus, M., additional, Eidsvoll, D.P., additional, Ek, C., additional, Elena, S., additional, Elineau, A., additional, Enevoldsen, H., additional, Eppe, G., additional, Eriksen, M., additional, Ernsteins, R., additional, Espino, M., additional, Estévez-Calvar, N., additional, Ewins, C., additional, Fabre, P., additional, Faimali, M., additional, Fattorini, D., additional, Faure, F., additional, Ferrando, S., additional, Ferreira, J.C., additional, Ferreira-da-Costa, M., additional, Fileman, E., additional, Fischer, M., additional, Fortunato, A.B., additional, Fossi, M.C., additional, Foulon, V., additional, Frank, A., additional, Frenzel, M., additional, Frère, L., additional, Frias, J.P.G.L., additional, Frick, H., additional, Froneman, P.W., additional, Gabet, V.M., additional, Gabrielsen, G.W., additional, Gago, J., additional, Gajst, T., additional, Galgani, F., additional, Gallinari, M., additional, Galloway, T.S., additional, Gamarro, E.G., additional, Gambardella, C., additional, Garaventa, F., additional, Garcia, S., additional, Garrabou, J., additional, Garrido, P., additional, Gary, S.F., additional, Gasperi, J., additional, Gaze, W., additional, Geertz, T., additional, Gelado-Caballero, M.D., additional, George, M., additional, Gercken, J., additional, Gerdts, G., additional, Ghiglione, J.-F., additional, Gies, E., additional, Gilbert, B., additional, Giménez, L., additional, Glassom, D., additional, Glockzin, M., additional, Godley, B., additional, Goede, K., additional, Goksøyr, A., additional, Gómez, M., additional, Gómez-Parra, A., additional, González-Marco, D., additional, González-Solís, J., additional, Gorbi, S., additional, Gorokhova, E., additional, Gorsky, G., additional, Gosch, M., additional, Grose, J., additional, Guebitz, G.M., additional, Guedes-Alonso, R., additional, Guijarro, B., additional, Guilhermino, L., additional, Gundry, T., additional, Gutow, L., additional, Haave, M., additional, Haeckel, M., additional, Haernvall, K., additional, Hajbane, S., additional, Hamann, M., additional, Hämer, J., additional, Hamm, T., additional, Hansen, B.H., additional, Hardesty, B.D., additional, Harth, B., additional, Hartikainen, S., additional, Hassellöv, M., additional, Hatzky, S., additional, Healy, M.G., additional, Hégaret, H., additional, Henry, T.B., additional, Hermabessiere, L., additional, Hernández-Brito, J.J., additional, Hernandez-Gonzalez, A., additional, Hernandez-Milian, G., additional, Hernd, G., additional, Herrera, A., additional, Herring, C., additional, Herzke, D., additional, Heussner, S., additional, Hidalgo-Ruz, V., additional, Himber, C., additional, Holland, M., additional, Hong, N.-H., additional, Horton, A.A., additional, Horvat, P., additional, Huck, T., additional, Huhn, M., additional, Huvet, A., additional, Iglesias, M., additional, Igor, C., additional, Isachenko, I.A., additional, Ivar do Sul, J-A., additional, Jahnke, A., additional, Janis, B., additional, Janis, K., additional, Janis, U., additional, Jemec, A., additional, Jiménez, J.C., additional, Johnsen, H., additional, Jorgensen, B., additional, Jørgensen, J.H., additional, Jörundsdóttir, H., additional, Jung, Y.-J., additional, Kedzierski, M., additional, Keiter, S., additional, Kershaw, P., additional, Kerhervé, P., additional, Kesy, K., additional, Khan, F., additional, Khatmullina, L.I., additional, Kirby, J., additional, Kiriakoulakis, K., additional, Klein, R., additional, Klunderud, T., additional, Knudsen, C.M.H., additional, Knudsen, T.B., additional, Kochleus, C., additional, Koelmans, A.A., additional, Kögel, T., additional, Koistinen, A., additional, Kopke, K., additional, Korez, Š., additional, Kowalski, N., additional, Kreikemeyer, B., additional, Kroon, F., additional, Krumpen, T., additional, Krzan, A., additional, Kržan, A., additional, Labrenz, M., additional, Lacroix, C., additional, Ladirat, L., additional, Laforsch, C., additional, Lagarde, F., additional, Lahive, E., additional, Lambert, C., additional, Lapucci, C., additional, Lattin, G., additional, Law, K.L., additional, Le Roux, F., additional, Le Souef, K., additional, Le Tilly, V., additional, Lebreton, L., additional, Leemans, E., additional, Lehtiniemi, M., additional, Lenz, M., additional, Leskinen, J., additional, Leslie, H., additional, Leslie, H.A., additional, Levasseur, C., additional, Lewis, C., additional, Licandro, P., additional, Lind, K., additional, Lindeque, P., additional, Lindeque, P.K., additional, Lips, I., additional, Liria, A., additional, Liria-Loza, A., additional, Llinás, O., additional, Loiselle, S.A., additional, Long, M., additional, Lorenz, C., additional, Lorenzo, S.M., additional, Loubar, K., additional, Luna-Jorquera, G., additional, Lusher, A.L., additional, Macchia, V., additional, MacGabban, S., additional, Mackay, K., additional, MacLeod, M., additional, Maes, T., additional, Magaletti, E., additional, Maggiore, A., additional, Magnusson, K., additional, Mahon, A.M., additional, Makorič, P., additional, Mallow, O., additional, Marques, J., additional, Marsili, L., additional, Martí, E., additional, Martignac, M., additional, Martin, J., additional, Martínez, I., additional, Martínez, J., additional, Martinez-Gil, M., additional, Martins, H.R., additional, Matiddi, M., additional, Maximenko, N., additional, Mazlum, R., additional, Mcadam, R., additional, Mcknight, L., additional, McNeal, A.W., additional, Measures, J., additional, Mederos, M.S., additional, Mendoza, J., additional, Meyer, M.S., additional, Miguelez, A., additional, Milan, M., additional, Militão, T., additional, Miller, R.Z., additional, Mino-Vercellio-Verollet, M., additional, Mir, G., additional, Miranda-Urbina, D., additional, Misurale, F., additional, Montesdeoca-Esponda, S., additional, Mora, J., additional, Morgana, S., additional, Moriceau, B., additional, Morin, B., additional, Morley, A., additional, Morrison, L., additional, Murphy, F., additional, Naidoo, T., additional, Näkki, P., additional, Napper, I.E., additional, Narayanaswamy, B.E., additional, Nash, R., additional, Negri, A., additional, Nel, H.A., additional, Nerheim, M.S., additional, Nerland, I.L., additional, Neto, J., additional, Neves, V., additional, Nies, H., additional, Noel, M., additional, Nor, N.H.M., additional, Noren, F., additional, O’ Connell, B., additional, O’ Connor, I., additional, Obbard, J.P., additional, Oberbeckmann, S., additional, Obispo, R., additional, Officer, R., additional, Ogonowski, M., additional, Orbea, A., additional, Ortlieb, M., additional, Osborn, A.M., additional, Ostiategui-Francia, P., additional, Packard, T., additional, Pahl, S., additional, Palatinus, A., additional, Palmqvist, A., additional, Pannetier, P., additional, Panti, C., additional, Parmentier, E., additional, Pasanen, P., additional, Patarnello, T., additional, Pattiaratchi, C., additional, Pauletto, M., additional, Paulus, M., additional, Pavlekovsky, K., additional, Pedersen, H.B., additional, Pedrotti, M.-L., additional, Peeken, I., additional, Peeters, D., additional, Peeters, E., additional, Pellegrini, D., additional, Perales, J.A., additional, Perez, E., additional, Perz, V., additional, Petit, S., additional, Pflieger, M., additional, Pham, C.K., additional, Piazza, V., additional, Pinto, M., additional, Planells, O., additional, Plaza, M., additional, Pompini, O., additional, Potthoff, A., additional, Prades, L., additional, Primpke, S., additional, Proietti, M., additional, Proskurowski, G., additional, Puig, C., additional, Pujo-Pay, M., additional, Pullerits, K., additional, Queirós, A.M., additional, Quinn, B., additional, Raimonds, E., additional, Ramis-Pujol, J., additional, Rascher-Friesenhausen, R., additional, Reardon, E., additional, Regoli, F., additional, Reichardt, A.M., additional, Reifferscheid, G., additional, Reilly, K., additional, Reisser, J., additional, Riba, I., additional, Ribitsch, D., additional, Rinnert, E., additional, Rios, N., additional, Rist, S.E., additional, Rivadeneira, M.M., additional, Rivière, G., additional, Robbens, J., additional, Robertson, C.J.R., additional, Rocher, V., additional, Rochman, C.M., additional, Rodrigues, M., additional, Rodriguez, Y., additional, Rodríguez, A., additional, Rodríguez, G., additional, Rodríguez, J.R.B., additional, Rodríguez, S., additional, Rodríguez, Y., additional, Rogan, E., additional, Rojo-Nieto, E., additional, Romeo, T., additional, Ross, P.S., additional, Roveta, A., additional, Rowland, S.J., additional, Ruckstuhl, N.A., additional, Ruiz-Fernández, A-C., additional, Ruiz-Orejón, L.F., additional, Runge, J., additional, Russell, M., additional, Saavedra, C., additional, Saborowski, R., additional, Sahin, B.E., additional, Sailley, S., additional, Sakaguchi-Söder, K., additional, Salaverria, I., additional, Sánchez-Arcilla, A., additional, Sánchez-Nieva, J., additional, Sanderson, W., additional, Santana-Rodríguez, J.J., additional, Santana-Viera, S., additional, Santos, M.B., additional, Santos, M.R., additional, Sanz, M.R., additional, Sardá, R., additional, Savelli, H., additional, Schoeneich-Argent, R., additional, Scholz-Böttcher, B.M., additional, Sciacca, F., additional, Scofield, R.P., additional, Setälä, O., additional, Selenius, M., additional, Sempere, R., additional, Senturk, Y., additional, Shashoua, Y., additional, Sherman, P., additional, Sick, C., additional, Siegel, D., additional, Sierra, J.P., additional, Silva, F., additional, Silvestri, C., additional, Sintija, G., additional, Sire, O., additional, Slat, B., additional, Smit, A., additional, Sobral, P., additional, Sorvari, J., additional, Sosa-Ferrera, Z., additional, Sotillo, M.G., additional, Soudant, P., additional, Speidel, L., additional, Spurgeon, D.J., additional, Steer, M.K., additional, Steindal, C.C., additional, Stifanese, R., additional, Štindlová, A., additional, Stuurman, L., additional, Suaria, G., additional, Suazo, C.G., additional, Sureda, A., additional, Surette, C., additional, Svendsen, C., additional, Syberg, K., additional, Tairova, Z., additional, Talvitie, J., additional, Tassin, B., additional, Tazerout, M., additional, Tekman, M.B., additional, ter Halle, A., additional, Thiel, M., additional, Thomas, K.V., additional, Thompson, R.C., additional, Tinkara, T., additional, Tirelli, V., additional, Tomassetti, P., additional, Toorman, E., additional, Toppe, J., additional, Tornambè, A., additional, Torres, R., additional, Torres-Padrón, M.E., additional, Underwood, A.J., additional, Urbina, M., additional, Usategui-Martín, A., additional, Usta, R., additional, Valdés, L., additional, Valente, A., additional, Valentina, T., additional, van Arkel, K., additional, Van Colen, C., additional, Van Der Hal, N., additional, van Franeker, J.A., additional, Van Herwerden, L., additional, Van Loosdrecht, M., additional, van Oyen, A., additional, Vandeperre, F., additional, Vanderlinden, J-P., additional, Vani, D., additional, Vasconcelos, L., additional, Vega-Moreno, D., additional, Ventero, A., additional, Vethaak, A.D., additional, Vianello, A., additional, Vicioso, M., additional, Vieira, L.R., additional, Viršek, M.K., additional, Vos, M., additional, Wahl, M., additional, Wallace, N., additional, Walton, A., additional, Waniek, J.J., additional, Watts, A., additional, Webster, L., additional, Wesch, C., additional, Whitfield, E., additional, Wichels, A., additional, Wieczorek, A.M., additional, Wilcox, C., additional, Williams, R.J., additional, Wong-Wah-Chung, P., additional, Wright, S., additional, Wyles, K.J., additional, Young, R., additional, Yurtsever, M., additional, Yurtsever, U., additional, Zada, L., additional, Zamani, N.P., additional, and Zampetti, G., additional

Published
2017
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32. Contestation Of Science And Local Knowledge (Case Study: Horticultural Farmers In Waihatu Village)

Author

Kakisina, Leunard Onisivorus, Puttileihalatand, Paulus M., Siwalete, Jeter Donald, Kakisina, Leunard Onisivorus, Puttileihalatand, Paulus M., and Siwalete, Jeter Donald

Abstract

The research aims to examine the development of modern agricultural systems and the content process between local knowledge and science which is the basis for modern agriculture. The study used a qualitative research design using case studies and in-depth interviews, observations, and documents, with the case study method. The results showed that the development of modern agriculture in horticultural crops is inseparable from the hegemony process through government institutions. The contestation process in horticultural land produces a form of domination (zero sum game), coexistence, and hybridization between science and local farmers' knowledge. The domination (zero sum game) of science on local knowledge is manifested in the form of programs to increase the production and productivity of horticultural crops as part of a national program to increase food production. The coexistence between these two knowledge entities is due more to the technical limitations of modern agriculture to be applied, especially in local horticultural lands. The hybridization between science and local knowledge shows that the two knowledge entities can complement each other's shortcomings and limitations. The novelty of this study recommends that a model for the development of modern agriculture based on local knowledge is the main strategy that needs to be implemented in formulating horticultural agricultural development policies. Policies to increase agricultural production must be implemented in the form of activities or comprehensive development programs concerning technical, economic and social aspects.

Published
2022

33. Predicting alcohol dependence frommulti-sitebrain structural measures

Author

Hahn, S, Mackey, S, Cousijn, J, Foxe, JJ, Heinz, A, Hester, R, Hutchinson, K, Kiefer, F, Korucuoglu, O, Lett, T, Li, C-SR, London, E, Lorenzetti, V, Maartje, L, Momenan, R, Orr, C, Paulus, M, Schmaal, L, Sinha, R, Sjoerds, Z, Stein, DJ, Stein, E, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, D, Walter, H, Wiers, RW, Yucel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Allgaier, N, Garavan, H, Hahn, S, Mackey, S, Cousijn, J, Foxe, JJ, Heinz, A, Hester, R, Hutchinson, K, Kiefer, F, Korucuoglu, O, Lett, T, Li, C-SR, London, E, Lorenzetti, V, Maartje, L, Momenan, R, Orr, C, Paulus, M, Schmaal, L, Sinha, R, Sjoerds, Z, Stein, DJ, Stein, E, van Holst, RJ, Veltman, D, Walter, H, Wiers, RW, Yucel, M, Thompson, PM, Conrod, P, Allgaier, N, and Garavan, H

Abstract

To identify neuroimaging biomarkers of alcohol dependence (AD) from structural magnetic resonance imaging, it may be useful to develop classification models that are explicitly generalizable to unseen sites and populations. This problem was explored in a mega-analysis of previously published datasets from 2,034 AD and comparison participants spanning 27 sites curated by the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Data were grouped into a training set used for internal validation including 1,652 participants (692 AD, 24 sites), and a test set used for external validation with 382 participants (146 AD, 3 sites). An exploratory data analysis was first conducted, followed by an evolutionary search based feature selection to site generalizable and high performing subsets of brain measurements. Exploratory data analysis revealed that inclusion of case- and control-only sites led to the inadvertent learning of site-effects. Cross validation methods that do not properly account for site can drastically overestimate results. Evolutionary-based feature selection leveraging leave-one-site-out cross-validation, to combat unintentional learning, identified cortical thickness in the left superior frontal gyrus and right lateral orbitofrontal cortex, cortical surface area in the right transverse temporal gyrus, and left putamen volume as final features. Ridge regression restricted to these features yielded a test-set area under the receiver operating characteristic curve of 0.768. These findings evaluate strategies for handling multi-site data with varied underlying class distributions and identify potential biomarkers for individuals with current AD.

Published
2022

34. Umweltprobenbank des Bundes: Bericht für das Jahr 2020

Author

Koschorreck, J., Rüther, M., Badry, A., Bandow, N., Fettig, I., Körner, A., Künitzer, A., Nagorka, R., Wellmitz, J., Weber, T., Göckener, B., Knopf, B., Dierkes, G., Boulard, L., Jewell, K., Ternes, T., Halbach, M., Scholz-Böttcher, B., Wesch, C., Klein, R., Tarricone, K., Teubner, D., Paulus, M., Schacht, Veronika, Wernicke, Theo, Jahnke, Annika ; orcid:0000-0001-7815-151X, Strehse, J., Bünning, T., Maser, E., Koschorreck, J., Rüther, M., Badry, A., Bandow, N., Fettig, I., Körner, A., Künitzer, A., Nagorka, R., Wellmitz, J., Weber, T., Göckener, B., Knopf, B., Dierkes, G., Boulard, L., Jewell, K., Ternes, T., Halbach, M., Scholz-Böttcher, B., Wesch, C., Klein, R., Tarricone, K., Teubner, D., Paulus, M., Schacht, Veronika, Wernicke, Theo, Jahnke, Annika ; orcid:0000-0001-7815-151X, Strehse, J., Bünning, T., and Maser, E.

Abstract

Kurzbeschreibung: Umweltprobenbank des Bundes Dieser Bericht fasst die wesentlichen Arbeiten der Umweltprobenbank des Bundes im Jahr 2020 zusammen. Die Umweltprobenbank des Bundes unterstützt die Umsetzung des Vorsorgeprinzips mit einer wissenschaftlichen Infrastruktur, einer umfassende Datenbasis zur Bestimmung und Bewertung des Ist-Zustandes der Umwelt und einer langfristigen Beobachtung der in der Umwelt stattfindenden chemischen, physikalischen und biologischen Entwicklungsprozesse. Dafür sammeln Fachleute Humanproben ausgewählter Standorte gemeinsam mit ökologisch repräsentativen Umweltproben, archivieren sie bei tiefkalten Temperaturen und führen Untersuchungen auf gesundheits- und umweltrelevante Stoffe durch. Auf diese Weise wird auch eine Kontrolle der Wirksamkeit umweltpolitischer Maßnahmen möglich, beispielsweise bei Beschränkungen der Verwendung von Stoffen. Environmental Specimen Bank This report summarises the main work of the Federal Environmental Specimen Bank in 2020. The Federal Environmental Specimen Bank supports the implementation of the precautionary principle with a scientific infrastructure, a comprehensive database for determining and assessing the current state of the environment and long-term monitoring of the chemical, physical and biological development processes taking place in the environment. For this purpose, experts collect human samples from selected sites together with ecologically representative environmental samples, archive them at cryogenic temperatures and perform analyses for substances relevant to health and the environment. This also facilitates monitoring the effectiveness of environmental policy measures, such as restrictions on the use of substances.

Published
2022

39. Apple fruit as a biological suppressant for potato tuber sprouting during ambient storage

Author

Lesibana Bopape, Thabiso Satekge, Paulus Mafeo, and Manape Lekganyane

Subjects
Ethylene, Potatoes, Soluble sugars, Sprout suppressant, Tuber quality, Science (General), Q1-390, Social sciences (General), H1-99
Abstract

In many countries, potato (Solanum tuberosum) is a crucial carbohydrate-rich crop and staple food. However, sprouting during storage can adversely affect the quality of the harvested tubers. To maintain the postharvest quality, this study assessed the potential of apple fruit as one of the biological suppressants for potato tuber sprouting at ambient storage. Potato tubers were obtained from four commercial farms. Thereafter, they were stored in a brown paper alone (control) or with apple fruit at ±23 °C for 30-day period. Potato tubers were evaluated for their weight loss, sprouting percentage, decay and soluble sugars during storage duration. Tubers stored with apple fruit had significantly (P

Published
2024
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40. Comparative efficacy of topical 10% versus 5% tranexamic acid in treatment of women with melasma: a double-blind randomized controlled trial

Author

Ferra Olivia Mawu, Marlyn Grace Kapantow, Herry E. J. Pandaleke, Alexandro Ivan Cahyadi, Lidya Togelang, Joan Alexandra Tampi, and Paulus Mario Christopher

Subjects
Melasma, topical, tranexamic acid, MASI, pigmentation, women, Medicine
Abstract

Background Melasma is a highly prevalent chronic pigmentary disorder. The pathogenesis is unknown but melasma often occurs in photo-exposed areas, e.g., cheeks, upper lip, chin, and forehead. Tranexamic acid (TA), a plasmin inhibitor, aids in the inhibition of UV-induced plasmin activity and melanogenesis, making it a favorable therapeutic option for melasma. Tranexamic acid may be administered through various routes, e.g., topical. This study aimed to compare the efficacy of topical 10% versus 5% TA in women with melasma. Methods This double-blind randomized controlled trial included 16 females with epidermal type melasma who were randomized into two groups to receive either topical 10% TA (n = 8) or 5% TA (n = 8) applied twice daily for eight weeks. Prior to intervention and at 8 weeks after intervention, the intensity and extension of melasma were assessed based on melasma area and severity index (MASI) score and pigmentation score. Results Mean MASI and pigmentation scores in both treatment groups were similar at base-line (p>0.05). The reduction in MASI and pigmentation scores in the topical 10% TA and 5% TA groups was similar and statistically not significant after 4 and 8 weeks of treatment (p>0.05). There were no drug-related adverse reactions or complications. Conclusion This study demonstrated that topical 10% TA and 5% TA were effective in treating women with melasma. The utilization of topical 5% TA for melasma is a promising alternative therapeutic option without the need to increase the concentration of the formulation.

Published
2024
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41. Effects of atrial fibrillation on ventricular remodeling in the human heart

Author

Pabel, S, primary, Knierim, M, additional, Stehle, T, additional, Alebrand, F, additional, Paulus, M, additional, Sieme, M, additional, Herwig, M, additional, Sedej, S, additional, Scherr, D, additional, Brochhausen, C, additional, Hasenfuss, G, additional, Maier, L, additional, Hamdani, N, additional, Streckfuss-Boemeke, K, additional, and Sossalla, S, additional

Published
2021
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46. Pupil dilation reveals effortful processing of fast speech at high levels of intelligibility in realistic room simulations

Author

Paulus, M, Keller, M, and Raether, J

Subjects
ddc: 610, 610 Medical sciences, Medicine
Abstract

Pupil size varies as a function of autonomic nervous system activity and can be used to quantify listening effort. Since differences between optimal and near optimal listening conditions are often not reflected by speech intelligibility, pupil size can indicate differences in listening effort that can[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 23. Jahrestagung der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Audiologie

Published
2020
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50. Approximate volumetric system models for MicroSPECT

Author

Gregor, J., Benson, T., Gleason, S., Paulus, M., Figueroa, S., Hoffman, T., Kennel, S., and Wall, J.

Subjects
SPECT imaging -- Equipment and supplies, Amyloidosis -- Medical examination, Business, Electronics, Electronics and electrical industries
Abstract

A microSPECT system has been developed for the purpose of studying murine models of amyloidosis in vivo. The system is equipped with two detector heads, each consisting of a multi-anode photomultiplier tube coupled to a pixellated NaI(TI) crystal array. Images are reconstructed using an OS-EM algorithm. In this paper, we describe the associated volumetric system models that we have developed in support of both pinhole and parallel hole collimation. These models, which are precomputed and stored to disk prior to reconstruction, are based on simple inner-product computations and a region-growing like search defined by the conic view that each detector pixel has of the image voxels. We provide illustrative experimental results based on phantom and mouse data. Index Terms--Amyloid, bone scan, image reconstruction, single photon emission computed tomography, small animal imaging, system model.

Published
2006

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