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The recovered sedimentary organic matter from the Tithonian-Berriasian Chia Gara Formation was studied from three selected wells of Ajil-12 (Aj-12), Hamrin-1 (Hr-1), and Tikrit-3 (Tk-3) in Northern Iraq. Amorphous organic matters appeared to be the dominant components of the organic matters within the formation with more than 93%, whereas phytoclasts and palynomorphs comprised only few percentages. As no intensive variations observed in the percentages of the determined organic matters along the studied Chia Gara Formation except a slight increase in phytoclasts and palynomorphs in its uppermost part, therefore the formation considered to be representing only one mainpalynofacies type that subdivided into two secondary palynofacies. Using Tyson's APP ternary, the formation appeared to be deposited in a distal suboxic-anoxic basin. As source rock, the formation in the studied locations contains moderate to very good quantity of organic matters which compose mainly of type II and Type III kerogen (separately or mixed). The whole formation has the ability to generate oil or gas except the upper part of the formation in the location of the well Aj-12 in which less than the lower limit of the required S2 values for considering as source rock is recorded.

Abstract Bulk properties of two-phase systems comprising methane and liquid p-xylene were derived experimentally using neutron imaging and theoretically predicted using molecular dynamics (MD). The measured and predicted methane diffusivity in the liquid, Henry’s law constant, apparent molar volume, and surface tension compared well within the experimentally studied conditions (273.15 to 303.15 K, ≤ 100 bar). Since MD is a physical model, extrapolations of the two-phase systems properties were performed for a broader temperature range (260 to 400 K, ≤ 100 bar). Moreover, the species diffusivities in single phases formed by infinitely diluted p-xylene in methane were predicted under conditions relevant to the methane liquefaction (90 to 290 K, 50 bar). The predicted p-xylene diffusivity in the supercritical methane was one order of magnitude higher than that calculated using Wilke–Chang and He–Yu correlations. This study provides novel experimental and MD-simulated characteristics for this industrially relevant system, for which intensive freeze-out formation from the supercritical methane is predicted.

Eusociality, characterized by reproductive division of labor, cooperative brood care, and multi-generational cohabitation, represents a pinnacle of complex social evolution, most notably manifested within the Hymenoptera order including bees, ants, and wasps. The molecular underpinnings underlying these sophisticated social structures remain an enigma, with noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs) emerging as crucial regulatory players. This article delves into the roles of ncRNAs in exerting epigenetic control during the development and maintenance of Hymenopteran eusociality. We consolidate current findings on various classes of ncRNAs, underscoring their influence on gene expression regulation pertinent to caste differentiation, developmental plasticity, and behavioral modulation. Evidence is explored supporting the hypothesis that ncRNAs contribute to epigenetic landscapes fostering eusocial traits through genomic regulation. They are likely to play an important role in eusociality “point of no return”. Critical analysis is provided on the functional insights garnered from ncRNA profiles correlated with caste-specific phenotypes, specifical for phylogenetic branches and transitional sociality models, drawing from comparative genomics and transcriptomics studies. Overall, ncRNA provides a missed understanding of both “genetic toolkit” and “unique genes” hypotheses of eusociality development. Moreover, it points to gaps in current knowledge, advocating for integrative approaches combining genomics, proteomics, and epigenetics to decipher the complexity of eusociality. Understanding the ncRNA contributions offers not only a window into the molecular intricacies of Hymenoptera sociality but also extends our comprehension of how complex biological systems evolve and function.

Abstract Databases that link molecular data to clinical outcomes can inform precision cancer research into novel prognostic and predictive biomarkers. However, outside of clinical trials, cancer outcomes are typically recorded only in text form within electronic health records (EHRs). Artificial intelligence (AI) models have been trained to extract outcomes from individual EHRs. However, patient privacy restrictions have historically precluded dissemination of these models beyond the centers at which they were trained. In this study, the vulnerability of text classification models trained directly on protected health information to membership inference attacks is confirmed. A teacher-student distillation approach is applied to develop shareable models for annotating outcomes from imaging reports and medical oncologist notes. ‘Teacher’ models trained on EHR data from Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (DFCI) are used to label imaging reports and discharge summaries from the Medical Information Mart for Intensive Care (MIMIC)-IV dataset. ‘Student’ models are trained to use these MIMIC documents to predict the labels assigned by teacher models and sent to Memorial Sloan Kettering (MSK) for evaluation. The student models exhibit high discrimination across outcomes in both the DFCI and MSK test sets. Leveraging private labeling of public datasets to distill publishable clinical AI models from academic centers could facilitate deployment of machine learning to accelerate precision oncology research.

Lactic acid has gained considerable attention globally due to its multi-purpose application. Commercial lactic acid production uses the fungal species Rhizopus oryzae, which produces other organic acids. A crucial point of effective fungal organic acid production is matching the fungal strains' requirements, where the carbon source plays a major role. The highest production rate is achieved when glucose is used as a carbon source. Alternatively, we can apply carbon-rich agricultural residues as carbon sources. Using agricultural waste for lactic acid production provides a sustainable and cost-effective feedstock but also helps to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by diverting waste from landfills and decreasing reliance on fossil fuels. Moreover, polylactic acid (PLA) produced from lactic acid monomers can occur in numerous agricultural applications. We should delve deeper into sustainable methods of using carbon residues to recycle waste, foster the circular economy, and advance sustainable agriculture. Therefore, there is a need for further research on the commercial use of agricultural and food industry wastes for lactic acid production.

Abstract We present a versatile optical setup for high-resolution neutron imaging with an adaptable field of view and magnification that can resolve individual neutron absorption events with an image intensifier and a CMOS camera. Its imaging performance is characterized by evaluating the resolution limits of the individual optical components and resulting design aspects are discussed. Neutron radiography measurements of a Siemens star pattern were performed in event mode acquisition comparing two common high-resolution neutron scintillators, crystalline Gadolinium Gallium Garnet (GGG) and powdered Gadolinium Oxysulfide (GOS). An analysis of the light signature caused by neutron absorption events is performed and some resulting issues for both GGG and GOS regarding optical system design are addressed. Both scintillators reach similar resolution (4–5 $${\upmu }$$ μ m) in event mode acquisition despite different light emission characteristics. The findings suggest that, in the case of GOS, the resolution is limited by the size of the light clusters which in turn originate from the photon scattering at the boundaries of the powder particles comprising it, while with GGG the lower light conversion efficiency makes it challenging to collect enough photons to trigger sufficient signal amplification in the image intensifier. Overall, the proposed event-based evaluation of scintillators allows for quantifying and optimizing various design parameters, which is much more complex than adopting conventional methods based on integrated images.

Abstract Background The application of a biochar in agronomical soil offers a dual benefit of improving soil quality and sustainable waste recycling. However, utilizing new organic waste sources requires exploring the biochar’s production conditions and application parameters. Woodchips (W) and bone-meat residues (BM) after mechanical deboning from a poultry slaughterhouse were subjected to pyrolysis at 300 °C and 500 °C and applied to cambisol and luvisol soils at ratios of 2% and 5% (w/w). Results Initially, the impact of these biochar amendments on soil prokaryotes was studied over the course of one year. The influence of biochar variants was further studied on prokaryotes and fungi living in the soil, rhizosphere, and roots of Triticum aestivum L., as well as on soil enzymatic activity. Feedstock type, pyrolysis temperature, application dose, and soil type all played significant roles in shaping both soil and endophytic microbial communities. BM treated at a lower pyrolysis temperature of 300 °C increased the relative abundance of Pseudomonadota while causing a substantial decrease in soil microbial diversity. Conversely, BM prepared at 500 °C favored the growth of microbes known for their involvement in various nutrient cycles. The W biochar, especially when pyrolysed at 500 °C, notably affected microbial communities, particularly in acidic cambisol compared to luvisol. In cambisol, biochar treatments had a significant impact on prokaryotic root endophytes of T. aestivum L. Additionally, variations in prokaryotic community structure of the rhizosphere depended on the increasing distance from the root system (2, 4, and 6 mm). The BM biochar enhanced the activity of acid phosphatase, whereas the W biochar increased the activity of enzymes involved in the carbon cycle (β-glucosidase, β-xylosidase, and β-N-acetylglucosaminidase). Conclusions These results collectively suggest, that under appropriate production conditions, biochar can exert a positive influence on soil microorganisms, with their response closely tied to the biochar feedstock composition. Such insights are crucial for optimizing biochar application in agricultural practices to enhance soil health.

Abstract The behavior of 7 polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in agricultural Chernozem and Fluvisol soils from the Czech Republic planted with radishes, onions, and carrots was studied. Only the total biomass yield of carrots was significantly reduced (P

Abstract Neutron imaging has gained significant importance as a material characterisation technique and is particularly useful to visualise hydrogenous materials in objects opaque to other radiations. Fields of application include investigations of hydrogen in metals as well as metal corrosion, thanks to the fact that neutrons can penetrate metals better than e.g. X-rays and are highly sensitive to hydrogen. However, at interfaces refraction effects sometimes obscure the attenuation image, which is used for hydrogen quantification. Refraction, a differential phase effect, diverts the neutron beam away from the interface in the image leading to intensity gain and intensity loss regions, which are superimposed to the attenuation image, thus obscuring the interface region and hindering quantitative analyses of e.g. hydrogen content in the vicinity of the interface. For corresponding effects in X-ray imaging, a phase filter approach was developed and is generally based on transport-of-intensity considerations. Here, we compare such an approach, that has been adapted to neutrons, with another simulation-based assessment using the ray-tracing software McStas. The latter appears superior and promising for future extensions which enable fitting forward models via simulations in order to separate phase and attenuation effects and thus pave the way for overcoming quantitative limitations at refracting interfaces.

In progressive particle or layered composites based on a combination of BaTiO3 and Al2O3, serving as e.g. ceramic harvesters, new phases are formed during heat treatment. The dominant one is BaTiAl6O12. This study provides information about the microstructural, mechanical and optical properties of the BaTiAl6O12 ceramics. The evolution of the phases during the solid-state reaction synthesis of the BaTiAl6O12 was monitored. The fully dense samples prepared by spark plasma sintering had indentation Vickers hardness and indentation elastic modulus within ranges of 10.1–13.7 GPa and 132.0–187.0 GPa, depending on loading force. The three-point bending tests of the BaTiAl6O12 samples resulted in flexural strength of 129.9 MPa and fracture toughness of 1.8 MPa m1/2. The sample showed blue broad-band emission under UV excitation due to the charge-transfer transition of the Ti4+ and defect sites. The BaTiAl6O12 evinced low permittivity (ɛ′) = 16 and dielectric loss (tan δ)

ObjectivesFusobacterium nucleatum is a gram-negative anaerobic bacillus associated with colorectal cancer (CRC). We aimed to determine the abundance of F. nucleatum and other CRC-associated bacteria using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis to detect the possible correlations between tumor and normal tissues and the relationships between patients’ clinical characteristics, diet, and CRC-associated bacteria.MethodsA total of 249 biopsy samples of tumor and paired normal tissues were collected from patients with CRC. Biopsy samples were screened for detection of F. nucleatum using qPCR targeting nusG gene. Bacteroides fragilis, Escherichia coli, and Streptococcus gallolyticus were also detected in the samples using species-specific genes.ResultsThe frequencies of detection of F. nucleatum in the tumor and normal tissues of patients with CRC were 43.37 and 24.1%, respectively (P < 0.05). Statistical analysis using cycle threshold (Ct) values from qPCR data and clinical characteristics showed that tumor size, tumor location, and processed meat consumption were significantly correlated with the abundance of F. nucleatum (P < 0.05). The significance of the prevalence of B. fragilis and E. coli in tumor tissues was marginally higher than that in normal tissues (P < 0.1), and the consumption of processed/red meat affected the prevalence of these bacteria (P < 0.05).ConclusionsOur results showed an association between the presence of F. nucleatum in tumor tissues and CRC, indicating that F. nucleatum may be a potential marker for CRC diagnosis. F. nucleatum is enriched in CRC tissues and is associated with CRC development.

Metaperceptions (or the impressions people believe to make on others) are a potential source of misconception in conversations involving members of the same ethnic community. We investigated whether speakers’ tendency to underestimate how they are perceived by others has consequences for future interaction. In this quantitative study, we paired 46 previously unacquainted speakers of Vietnamese as a heritage language (23 second-generation speakers, 23 recent immigrants) for two conversations. The speakers in each pair, recruited through convenience sampling, were similar in age (all young adults, with a range of 18–39 years). Each pair included one second-generation speaker born in Canada, age-matched with one immigrant, with a balanced distribution of speakers’ gender (eight pairs of women, seven pairs of men, and eight mixed pairs). After each conversation, the speakers used a 100-point scale to assess each other’s interpersonal liking, cultural belonging, and heritage language ability, provided their metaperceptions for their partner’s ratings, and assessed their willingness to engage in future interaction. Results of statistical comparisons (ANOVAs, correlations) indicated that all speakers underestimated how their partner perceived their interpersonal liking and heritage language (but not cultural belonging), but all ratings improved over time. However, only Vietnam-born speakers seemed to factor their perceived cultural belonging into their willingness to engage in future communication. We discuss implications of these findings for intragroup cohesion and contact.

Primary mammary sarcomas are very rare, histologically heterogeneous non-epithelial malignant neoplasms. Primary undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is a rare malignant mesenchymal tumor in the breast. It is characterized by marked cellular atypism and pleomorphism. Isolated cases with an aggressive course and poor prognosis have been commonly described in the literature. We present a rare case of a 62-year-old woman with an 18-cm solid tumor of the left breast, 6 months old, which grew rapidly during the last month. Physical examination and mammography revealed no enlarged lymph nodes in the left axilla. A total mastectomy was performed. The diagnosis of undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma is challenging due to the lack of specific immunohistochemical markers. It can only be made after excluding other types of soft tissue sarcomas. This report discusses the histopathological and immunohistochemical studies that were conducted. Our case is distinguished from others with the same diagnosis by the atypical clinical presentation, which is painless, and the spontaneous bleeding, as well as the large size of the tumor. This malignant tumor is a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge for pathologists, surgeons, and oncologists due to the lack of consensus schemes.

The purpose of this work is a comparative analysis of the workpiece shape, and parameters of the stress-strain state during deformation on two radial-shear rolling mills with different roll configurations to determine the most suitable scheme for obtaining a screw reinforcement profile. During the FEM simulation of the radial-shear rolling process in the DEFORM program, a comparison of the workpiece shape change after rolling, equivalent strain, damage index, and Lode–Nadai index was carried out. Steel 10 (analogue of AISI 1010) was chosen as material workpiece. The analysis of the obtained data revealed that the most rational choice for the implementation of the reinforcement profile production process is the radial-shear rolling mill RSR 10-30. Subsequent modeling of the combined process of radial-shear rolling and twisting in a screw matrix showed that when using rolls of RSR 10-30 mill, the screw profile of the workpiece is formed successfully, whereas using rolls of the SVP-08 mill, the formation of a screw profile is impossible due to jamming due to an irregular cross-section shape. A laboratory experiment confirmed the possibility of forming a screw reinforcement profile at RSR 10-30 mill, and an assessment of the geometric parameters of the final workpiece showed full compliance with the dimensions of the profiles obtained during modeling and experiment.

Abstract Background Phytoextraction belongs to environmentally well-accepted remediation technologies to remove metals from contaminated soils. Due to long-time requirement, sufficient data for proper phytoextraction evaluation are missing. Four clones of fast-growing trees: two willow species (S1), Salix viminalis L. (Salix schwerinii E.L.Wolf × S. viminalis) × S. viminalis) and (S2)—Salix smithiana (Salix × smithiana Willd.), and two poplar clones (P1), Populus Max-4 (Populus nigra L. × Populus maximowiczii A. Henry) and (P2) Wolterson (P. nigra L.) were cultivated under field conditions at medium-to-high Cd and Pb, and low Zn soil contamination to assess trees’ long-term ability of biomass production and removal of potentially toxic elements (PTEs). The biomass yield and PTE uptake were measured during 8 years of regular growth under three rotation lengths: four harvests following 2-year periods (4 × 2y), two harvests in 4-year periods (2 × 4y), and one harvest representing 8 years of growth (1 × 8y). Results In most cases, the highest annual dry biomass yield was achieved with a 2 × 4y rotation (P1 = 20.9 t ha−1 y−1, S2 = 18.4 t ha−1y−1), and the yield decreased in order 2 × 4y > 1 × 8y > 4 × 2y of harvesting periods. Only clone S1 showed a different pattern. The differences in biomass yield substantially affected the PTE phytoextraction. The greatest amount of Cd and Zn was removed by willow S2, with the highest biomass yield, and the strongest ability to accumulate PTEs. With 2 × 4y rotation, S2 removed a substantial amount of Cd (9.07%) and Zn (3.43%) from the topsoil horizon (0–20 cm) and 5.62% Cd and 2.04% Zn from horizon 20–40 cm; phytoextraction rate was slightly lower for 1 × 8y rotation. The poplar P1 removed the most Pb in the 1 × 8y rotation, but the overall Pb phytoextraction was negligible. The results indicated that lignin and cellulose contents increased, and hemicellulose content decreased with increased concentrations of Cd, Pb and Zn in poplars wood. Conclusions The data confirmed that phytoextraction over longer harvest periods offered promising results for removing Cd from medium- to high-level contaminated soils; however, the ability of Pb removal was extremely low. The longer harvest period should be more economically feasible. Graphical Abstract

Abstract Proteinuria poses a substantial risk for the progression of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its related complications. Kidneys excrete hundreds of individual proteins, some with a potential impact on CKD progression or as a marker of the disease. However, the available data on specific urinary proteins and their relationship with CKD severity remain limited. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the urinary proteome and its association with kidney function in CKD patients and healthy controls. The proteomic analysis of urine samples showed CKD stage-specific differences in the number of detected proteins and the exponentially modified protein abundance index for total protein (p = 0.007). Notably, specific urinary proteins such as B2MG, FETUA, VTDB, and AMBP exhibited robust negative associations with kidney function in CKD patients compared to controls. Also, A1AG2, CD44, CD59, CERU, KNG1, LV39, OSTP, RNAS1, SH3L3, and UROM proteins showed positive associations with kidney function in the entire cohort, while LV39, A1BG, and CERU consistently displayed positive associations in patients compared to controls. This study suggests that specific urinary proteins, which were found to be negatively or positively associated with the kidney function of CKD patients, can serve as markers of dysfunctional or functional kidneys, respectively.

Nonlinear dielectric metasurfaces provide a promising approach to control and manipulate frequency conversion optical processes at the nanoscale, thus facilitating both advances in fundamental research and the development of new practical applications in photonics, lasing, and sensing. Here, we employ symmetry-broken metasurfaces made of centrosymmetric amorphous silicon for resonantly enhanced second- and third-order nonlinear optical response. Exploiting the rich physics of optical quasi-bound states in the continuum and guided mode resonances, we comprehensively study through rigorous numerical calculations the relative contribution of surface and bulk effects to second-harmonic generation (SHG) and the bulk contribution to third-harmonic generation (THG) from the meta-atoms. Next, we experimentally achieve optical resonances with high quality factors, which greatly boosts light-matter interaction, resulting in about 550 times SHG enhancement and nearly 5000-fold increase of THG. A good agreement between theoretical predictions and experimental measurements is observed. To gain deeper insights into the physics of the investigated nonlinear optical processes, we further numerically study the relation between nonlinear emission and the structural asymmetry of the metasurface and reveal that the generated harmonic signals arising from linear sharp resonances are highly dependent on the asymmetry of the meta-atoms. Our work suggests a fruitful strategy to enhance the harmonic generation and effectively control different orders of harmonics in all-dielectric metasurfaces, enabling the development of efficient active photonic nanodevices.

This work presents the Whale migrating Algorithm (WMA), an innovative bio-inspired metaheuristic optimization method based on the collaborative migrating behavior of humpback whales. In contrast to conventional methods, WMA integrates leader-follower dynamics with adaptive migratory tactics to balance exploration and exploitation, improving its capacity to evade local optima and converge effectively. The performance of the proposed algorithm was meticulously assessed using the CEC-2005, CEC-2014, and CEC-2017 optimization problems and some restricted engineering problems, exhibiting enhanced accuracy, robustness, and convergence velocity relative to leading optimization techniques, such as PSO, WOA, and GWO. These findings confirm WMA is an effective instrument for addressing intricate optimization challenges across several domains. The source code of the WMA is publicly available at https://www.optim-app.com/projects/wma.

The paper deals with the investigation of alternative binders, namely the two available samples N6 and N7 with comparison from the reference sample CEM I 42.5R. Both testing binders are provided by company Destro. It is a product that contains different ratios of fly ash and slag. By examining the properties, the mix was compared in different proportions and subsequently tested for flexural strength and compressive strength. The results showed the effect of curing time and cement to binder ratio after 28 and 84 days.

The article deals with the issue of evaluation of the causes of accidents at level crossings in the Czech Republic, including the prediction of the development and proposals of measures for prevention and thus reduction of their number. The goal of this work is to verify the hypothesis that the number of accidents at level crossings in the Czech Republic is decreasing. The authors use available data from the Ministry of Transport and process statistical data for ten years (2013–2022) of railway operation. Accidents are divided into groups related to accidents at level crossings and the result is expressed in graphical form. These data are then processed and evaluated using the method of regression data analysis. The results of the work are also new proposals and recommended measures to reduce the accident rate at level crossings.

As migrants holding temporary, foreign-resident status in their host communities, international students often experience prejudice and have little meaningful contact with locals. To date, a comprehensive account of international students’ experience is lacking, and existing conceptualizations exclude linguistic threat as a potential source of increased prejudice and diminished contact. Therefore, our goal in this study (set in Quebec, Canada) was to explore local residents’ attitudes toward and contact with international students in relation to five potential threats experienced by local residents, including cultural differences, competition over resources, intergroup anxiety, stereotypes, with linguistic threat added as a new, previously unexplored variable. We recruited 59 student and non-student local francophone residents as participants and examined their attitudes toward, perceptions of threat from, and the quality and quantity of contact with international students attending English-medium universities. Both student and non-student participants demonstrated positive attitudes toward and low levels of perceived threat from international students, except for linguistic threat. Compared to student participants, non-student participants reported significantly greater linguistic threat from international students and described contact with them that was both less frequent and lower in quality. Regression models accounted for 50–67% of variance in participants’ attitudes, with symbolic threat to social values and belief systems emerging as the common significant predictor of attitudes for both groups. Adding linguistic threat did not improve regression models. Finally, only contact quality showed significant relationships with attitudes and perceived threat, where greater contact quality was associated with more favorable attitudes and reduced threat. We discuss implications of intergroup attitudes and contact for language planning and use in multilingual contexts.

Abstract BackgroundManaging type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents can be difficult for parents, health care professionals, and even patients. However, over the last decades, the quality of services provided to patients with diabetes has increased due to advances in IT. ObjectiveThis study aims to comprehensively document the range of IT tools used in the management of diabetes among children and adolescents, with a focus on identifying the technologies most commonly used based on their frequency. In addition, the study aims to explore relevant methodologies for developing diabetes technology and provide valuable information to developers by delineating essential phases of the design process. MethodsThe literature search was focused on MEDLINE (PubMed), Web of Science, and Google Scholar for relevant studies. Keywords such as “type 1 diabetes,” “adolescents,” “kids,” “mHealth,” “children,” and “coaching” were combined using Boolean operators. The inclusion criteria were open access, English-language papers published between 2012 and 2023 focusing on patients younger than 18 years and aligned with our research goal. The exclusion criteria included irrelevant topics and papers older than 18 years. By applying the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) method, 2080 studies were recognized, and after selection, 33 papers were agreed upon between the researchers. ResultsFour primary categories were defined: types of IT, methodology identification, purpose identification, and feature determination. Among these, mobile health (mHealth) apps emerged as the predominant type of information, garnering 27 mentions. In particular, user-centered design was identified as the most prevalent methodology, cited 22 times. The primary purpose of self-monitoring blood glucose values was mentioned 20 times, while patient education was the highest among common characteristics, with 23 mentions. ConclusionsBased on our research, we advocate for developers to focus on creating an mHealth app that integrates gamification techniques to develop innovative diabetes management solutions. This app should include vital functionalities such as blood glucose monitoring, strategies to improve hemoglobin A1c

Background: The prevalence of Bacteroides fragilis isolates resistant to first-line beta-lactam drugs is increasing, resulting in reduced treatment efficacy. Investigating the bacterial transcriptome and proteome can uncover links between bacterial genes and resistance mechanisms. In this study, we experimentally assessed in vitro the transcriptional and proteomic profiles of B. fragilis exposed to SICs of meropenem, an effective antimicrobial agent, collected from patients with intra-abdominal diseases at Astana City Hospital, Kazakhstan. Methods: B. fragilis was cultured in brain heart infusion broth and sub-cultured every 48 h for 8 days in media with and without meropenem. Total RNA was extracted from the liquid cultures using a commercial RNeasy mini kit, and strand-specific RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) was performed on the DNBSEQ platform. Raw RNA-seq data were retrieved from BioProject No. PRJNA531645 and uploaded to the NCBI Sequence Read Archive (accession no. SRX22081155). Proteins of B. fragilis were extracted and separated using sodium dodecyl sulphate–polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, followed by analysis of the eluted peptides using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry. Cluster analysis utilised the Database for Annotation, Visualisation, and Integrated Discovery. Results: The subinhibitory concentration (SIC) of meropenem was determined to be 0.5 μg/L (minimum inhibitory concentration: 1). Mapping of reads to the reference genome identified 2477 expressed genes in all B. fragilis BFR KZ01 samples. Ten differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were common across comparison groups during and post-antibiotic exposure (wMEM vs. MEM2 and MEM2 vs. rMEM8); however, no substantially enriched Gene Ontology terms were identified. The cluster analysis highlighted a significant enrichment cluster (W-0560 oxidoreductase) of DEGs following antibiotic withdrawal. In total, 859 B. fragilis proteins were identified, with the expressions of three proteins, 3-oxoacyl-[acyl carrier protein] reductase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase biotin carboxylase subunit, and beta-ketoacyl-ACP synthase III, being upregulated in the enriched protein folding category. Notably, chaperone proteins such as FKBP-type peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases (involved in the cis-trans isomerisation of prolyl peptide bonds) and GroES (a co-chaperone functioning with GroEL) were also identified. Conclusions: Under the influence of low doses of antibiotics defense mechanisms are activated which contribute to the emergence of resistance. These results provide insight into the response of B. fragilis to meropenem exposure, mainly at the SIC, contributing to the understanding bacterial survival strategies under stress conditions.