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Ovaj rad ima za cilj sticanje uvida o promenama u pružanju usluga u sistemu zaštite migranata i tražioca azila i mapiranje izazova u sprovođenju zajedničkih aktivnosti javnog i civilnog sektora u Republici Srbiji. Sprovedeno je istraživanje sa akterima u sistemu zaštite izbeglica i migranata. Korišćena metodologija obuhvata empirijska istraživanja za analizu i razumevanje funkcija javnog i civilnog sektora tokom pandemije Covid-19 u sistemu zaštite migranata i tražilaca azila. Sprovedene su dve fokus grupe sa četrnaest profesionalaca i šest intervjua sa ključnim akterima, koji su se fokusirali na saradnju između različitih sistema zaštite i promene u njihovim aktivnostima. Rezultati pokazuju da su se stručnjaci suočili sa brojnim izazovima tokom i nakon ukidanja vanrednog stanja, što je uticalo na nedostatak adekvatne saradnje sa zdravstvenim, obrazovnim i pravnim sistemom, kao i na prestanak aktivnosti civilnog društva u centrima za azil i prihvatnim centrima. Pandemija je rasvetlila postojeće sistemske probleme i stvorila nove izazove u saradnji javnog i civilnog sektora., The aim of this paper is to gain insight into changes in the provision of services in the system of protection of migrants and asylum seekers and to map the challenges in the implementation of joint activities of the public and civil sector in the Republic of Serbia. A survey was conducted with actors in the system of protection of refugees and migrants. The methodology used includes empirical research to analyze and understand the functions of the public and civil sectors during the Covid-19 pandemic in the system of protection of migrants and asylum seekers. Two focus groups with fourteen professionals and six interviews with key stakeholders were conducted, focusing on cooperation between different protection systems and changes in their activities. The results show that experts faced numerous challenges during and after the suspension of the state of emergency, which affected the lack of adequate cooperation with the health, education and legal systems, as well as the cessation of civil society activities in asylum centers and reception centers. The pandemic shed light on existing systemic problems and created new challenges in public-civil cooperation. more...

Herbicide application has long been considered the most efficient weed control method in agricultural production worldwide. However, long-term use of agrochemicals has numerous negative effects on crops and the environment. Bearing in mind these negative impacts, the EU strategy for withdrawing many herbicides from use, and modern market demands for the production of healthy and safe food, there is a need for developing new effective, sustainable, and ecological weed control measures. To bring a fresh perspective on this topic, this paper aims to describe the most important non-chemical weed control strategies, including ecological integrated weed management (EIWM), limiting weed seed bank, site-specific weed management, mechanical weeding, mulching, crop competitiveness, intercropping, subsidiary crops, green manure, and bioherbicides. more...

Kao rezultat pandemije COVID-19, profesionalci koji rade u sistemu socijalne zaštite suočavali su se sa višestrukim izazovima – zbog zdravstvene krize bili su zabrinuti, ne samo za živote svojih korisnika, već i za svoju porodicu, prijatelje, ali i za sopstveni život. U cilju analize i razumevanja promena koje je epidemija COVID-19 donela u sistemu socijalne zaštite osoba u migracijama u Srbiji, sprovedeno je kvalitativno istraživanje sa profesionalcima u sistemu. Sprovedene su fokus grupe sa 13 profesionalaca i sedam intervjua sa ključnim informatorima. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je pandemija COVID-19 osvetlila nedostatak kapaciteta prilagođavanja u sistemu zaštite i nespremnost za kriznu situaciju – počev od izazova u obezbeđivanju opreme za zdravstvenu zaštitu dosledno i podjednako do nedostatka stručnog nadzora., As a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, professionals working in the social protection system are confronted with multiple challenges – due to the health crisis, they are worried not only for the lives of their beneficiaries but for their own families, friends, including their own lives. In order to analyze and understand the changes that the COVID-19 pandemic brought to the social protection system of persons in migration in Serbia, qualitative research with professionals in the system has been conducted. Focus groups with 13 professionals and 7 interviews with key informants were conducted. Results have shown that the COVID-19 pandemic had lightened up the lack of adapting capacities in the social protection system and unpreparedness for situations of crisis – starting from challenges of consistent and equal provision of health protection equipment to lack of competent supervision. more...

Tokom 2018/19. i 2019/20. godine izvedena su ispitivanja uticaja malein hidrazida (MH) i uslova skladištenja na proklijavanje lukovica crnog luka. Ogledi su postavljeni na lokalitetu u Gospođincima. Malein hidrazid je primenjen kao komercijalni preparat Royal MH 30 u količini 12,5 l/ha 21 dan pre vađenja lukovica. Tokom perioda skladištenja svakih mesec dana (I - VIII ocena) je merena masa lukovica i praćen broj isklijalih lukovica, masa i dužina klica, a na kraju ogleda je izračunat gubitak mase lukovica u odnosu na masu u trenutku uskladištenja. Za utvrđivanje proklijavanja lukovica nakon iznošenja iz skladišta 6 nedelja je na svakih 10 dana praćen broj lukovica sa vidljivim klicama. Kod proklijalih lukovica je izmerena dužina klica, dok su lukovice bez vidljivih klica, na kraju ogleda, presečene po dužini na pola kako bi se utvrdio unutrašnji porast klice. Pod uticajem MH, u zavisnosti od godine ispitivanja, masa tretiranih lukovica je bila manja za 9,5-10,6% u odnosu na masu neposredno pre unošenja u skladište. Efikasnost MH u sprečavanju klijanja crnog luka potvrđena je i preko značajno manjeg broja isklijalih lukovica, kao i parametara masa klice i dužina klice. Takođe, nakon iznošenja lukovica iz skladišta (temperatura 18-20 oC) ukupan procenat isklijalih lukovica u kontroli je bio 62-68%, a u tretmanu sa MH 10-16%. Unutrašnji porast klice nije uočen kod 53,3-54,8% tretiranih lukovica, dok je u kontroli odsustvo unutrašnjih klica zabeleženo kod 10,5-18,8% presečenih lukovica., Testing of the effects of maleic hydrazide (MH) and storage conditions on onion sprouting was conducted during the seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The trials were set up in the locality of Gospođinci. Maleic hydrazide was applied 21 days before the harvest using the commercial plant protection product Royal MH 30, in the quantity of 12.5 l -ha . During the storage period onion bulbs weight and number of sprouted bulbs, as well as the weight and length of sprouts per bilb were recorded each month (assessments I-VIII). Also, the loss of onion bulb weight compared to the beginning of the storage period was assessed at the end of the trial period. In order to determine sprouting level of onion bulbs after leaving the storage facility, the number of visibly sprouted onion bulbs was recorded every 10 days for a period of six weeks. Length of the sprout was measured on sprouted onion bulbs, while onion bulbs with no visible sprouts were cut in half at the end of the experiment, in order to determine the sprout growth inside the bulb. Under the MH treatment, depending on the trial year, weight of the treated onion bulbs was lower by 9.5-10.6%, compared to their pre-storage weight. Efficacy of MH in preventing onion sprouting was also confirmed with a significantly lower number of sprouted bulbs, as well the sprout length and weight parameters. Furthermore, after leaving the storage facilities (constant temperature 18-20oC) the total percentage of sprouted bulbs in the control was 62-68%, while in the MH treatment it was 10-16%. No internal sprouts were recorded in 53.3-54.8% of the treated onion bulbs, while in the control group only 10.5-18.8% of cut bulbs did not have internal sprouts. more...

Targetiranje u socijalnoj politici izaziva oprečne stavove – od njegovog prihvatanja kao načina za inkluziju najranjivijih kategorija društva i sredstva za umanjivanje socijalnih razlika, do odbacivanja, kao sredstva produbljivavnja nejednakosti, koje je i samo diskriminišuće. U prilog targetiranju mogu se izneti snažni argumenti, ali isto tako i kritike, koje upućuju da targetiranje može biti neefikasno, neekonomično, nepravedno i stigmatizujuće. Cilj ovog rada je analiza opravdanosti primene targetiranog pristupa u socijalnoj politici sa stanovišta antidiskriminacije, fokusirajući se na pitanje iz naslova: u čijem je interesu targetiranje u socijalnoj politici – društva ili pojedinaca? Za odgovor na istraživačko pitanje, sprovedena je desk analiza stručne literature, naučnih časopisa i relevantnih izveštaja međunarodnih organizacija iz oblasti socijalne politike. Analiza globalnih istraživačkih trendova i diskusija, dovela je do nalaza da je targetirani pristup u interesu celokupnog društva, kao komplementaran (a ne suprotstavljen) univerzalnom pristupu, te opravdan, efikasno primenljiv i (makar privremeno) poželjan metod socijalne politike u određenim oblastima., Targeting in social policy provokes conflicting views - from its acceptance as a way to include the most vulnerable categories of society and a means of reducing social disparities, to rejection, as a means of deepening inequality, which is discriminatory by itself. Strong arguments can be made in favor of targeting, but also criticisms, which suggest that targeting can be inefficient, uneconomical, unfair and stigmatizing. The aim of this paper is to analyze the justification of applying a targeted approach in social policy from the point of view of anti-discrimination, focusing on the question from the title: in whose interest is targeting in social policy - society or individuals? To answer the research question, a desk analysis of professional literature, scientific journals and relevant reports of international organizations in the field of social policy was conducted. Analysis of global research trends and discussions has led to the finding that a targeted approach is in the interest of society as a whole, as a complementary (not opposed to) universal approach, and a justified, effectively applicable and (at least temporarily) desirable method of social policy in certain areas. more...

Korovski suncokret (Helianthus annuus L.) je invazivna vrsta na teritoriji Republike Srbije koja izaziva značajno smanjenje prinosa u različitim poljoprivrednim kulturama. Tokom žetve suncokreta dolazi do rasipanja semena iz koga se u narednim godinama mogu razviti samonikle biljke. Ukoliko se, na određenoj površini, samonikle biljke suncokreta razvijaju duži vremenski period doći će do pojave korovskih formi ove vrste. Spontana hibridizacija korovskog suncokreta sa drugim formama suncokreta može prouzrokovati značajnu agresivnost ove invazivne vrste. Samonikle biljke suncokreta koje potiču od hibrida tolerantnih na ALS inhibitore su uglavnom nosioci gena tolerantnosti zbog čega je njihova osetljivost na herbicide značajno smanjena. Razmenom genetičkog materijala između različitih formi i tolerantnih hibrida suncokreta omogućen je transfer ALS gena koji je odgovoran za tolerantnost na herbicide ALS inhibitore na potomstvo. Poljski ogled je izveden na dva lokaliteta u okolini Požarevca, a tokom tri godine evidentirana je spontana hibridizacije između tolerantnih hibrida suncokreta (Sumo 1 PR i Rimi) i osetljivih hibrida suncokreta (hibrid Duško), samoniklog suncokreta (poreklom od osetljivog hibrida Sremac) i korovskog suncokreta. more...

Riparian areas experience strong invasion pressures worldwide and represent important points of spread for invasive alien plants (IAPs) in the European mainland. The Danube Basin is a well-known point of high plant invasion levels. Given that the middle part of the Danube Basin is critically understudied and the general lack of data for Serbia, the study aimed to provide an insight into the spatial patterns of plant invasions in the riparian areas of Serbia (Middle Danube Basin area). A total of 250 field sites, distributed along 39 rivers (nine catchment areas) and six canal sections, were studied during a four-year period (2013-2016) for the presence and abundance of IAPs. At the landscape scale, we studied distribution patterns of IAPs, differences in invasion levels in different catchment areas and between rivers and canals. At the local scale, we investigated how the proximity to roads/railway lines, housing areas, different landuse types (primarily agriculture), and dominant vegetation on site related to invasion patterns. Of the 26 studied IAPs, those with a well-known weedy behavior, long history of cultivation and strong affinity for riparian areas prevailed in the study area. Riparian zones of the Danube catchment exhibited the highest invasion level. At the local scale, agriculture in proximity of the field site and dominant vegetation on site were observed as significant predictors of the invasion level. On the other hand, proximity to roads/railway lines and housing areas was not related to the invasion level. Finally, our study provides the first systematic overview of IAPs' distribution data for riparian areas of the Middle Danube Basin in Serbia, which could provide a basis for long-term monitoring of IAPs and development of future management plans. more...

Wheat production in Libya is limited by water scarcity and high soil salinity, so the selection of tol-erant genotypes is an important step in achieving high yields. Water takes up the position of the main environmental factor that causes osmotic stress and affects growth, crop development and especially yields. The aim of these studies was to determine the most reliable parameter (germination parameters and length, fresh and dry weight of vegetative parame-ters) for the separation of the genotypes sensitive to water deficit and the selection of the most tolerant one. Based on the percentage of seed germination in drought conditions, genotypes were classified into three categories: poor (<80%) V5, V2, V7 and V3, medium (80-90%) V1, V4, V8 and V12, and good germination (>90%) V6, V9, V10 and V11. The most reliable parameters for the separation of the sensitivity were: germination percentage and index of germination, shoot and root length, fresh weight of root and shoot, and dray shoot weight. Based on the overall analysis, the most tolerant varieties for water deficit are V6 (Bhoth 306, Libyan) and V11 (NS Vlajna, Serbian), while the most sensitive are V9 (Marshosh, Libyan) and V10 (Zemunska rosa, Serbian). more...

Recent reports of the presence of Ambrosia trifida (AT) in areas infested by A. artemisiifolia (AA) in Serbia warn of the impending establishment of a more damaging crop weed. Here, we test the potential competitive effects of these two weed species. We conducted a field competition study in 2016 and 2017 as a replacement series experiment arranged in a split plot, with main plots (20.5 m × 2 m) at total plant densities of 10 and 100 plants/m2, and sub-plots (3 m × 2 m) at the proportion of AT to AA of 100:0, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 0:100. Individual plant biomass (IPB) for AT was lowest when grown in monoculture, while AA reached its highest IPB in its monoculture. With AT < 40%, the AT IPB was larger than (2017) or the same as AA (2016). With AT > 40%, its IPB decreased due to increased intraspecific competition. We obtained the lowest sub-plot biomass (SPB) of AT + AA in mixtures with 40:60 and 60:40 ratios, and also the highest SPB of other weed species. We show that despite a larger leaf area, AT may not fully replace AA and thus not become a new threat to crops, as it not only suffers from intraspecific competition at high densities, but also from interspecific competition with AA. Therefore, crops may benefit from a stable coexistence of both species as compared to highly dominant AT or AA. Further studies in the presence of crops are needed to confirm this hypothesis. more...

i često kao pridošlice u kolonizovanim područjima prave velike štete kako po biodiverzitet autohtone flore i vegetacije tako i u biljnoj proizvodnji. Za razliku od A. artemisiifolia koja je kod nas široko rasprostranjena na poljoprivrednim i nepoljoprivrednim zemljištima, A. trifida je za sada lokalno prisutna na području Centralne Bačke. Skorija istraživanja ukazuju na potencijalnu mogućnost širenja A. trifida kod nas i u Evropi, što može biti ozbiljan rizik za agrofitocenoze i ekosistem u celini. Stoga, cilj ovih istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi jačina intra- i interspecijske kompeticije unutar i između A. trifida i A. artemisiifolia pri različitom odnosu njihove brojnosti u prirodnom staništu, odnosno da se proceni da li će A. trifida potisnuti A. artemisiifolia ukoliko se nađu na istom staništu, a takođe i kakve štete se mogu očekivati po useve i ekosistem. U poljskim uslovima (2016. i 2017. godine) na području Šapca, selo Dobrić, primenom modela zamenjujućih serija („Replacement design“) postavljen je ogled po potpuno slučajnom blok sistemu u četiri ponavljanja. Paralelno su rađena dva ogleda, jedan sa ukupnom brojnošću ambrozija (A. trifida + A. artemisiifolia) od 10 (mala gustina) i drugi od 100 (velika gustina) biljaka/m2 pri čemu je ispitivano šest tretmana, odnosno šest odnosa brojnosti A. trifida/A. artemisiifolia (%): 100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80, 0/100. Pored zadatog odnosa brojnosti ambrozija po jedinici površine ostali korovi koji su nicali nisu uklanjani da bi se utvrdio efekat interakcije A. trifida i A. artemisiifolia na njihov rast i razviće. Na osnovu vegetativnih (visina i širina biljaka, broj listova, suva masa) i generativnih parametara (broj glavica i cvetova, broj i masa semena) tokom tri ocene (jul, avgust, septembar) proučavana je inter- i intraspecijska kompeticija A. trifida i A. artemisiifolia biljaka. U drugoj eksperimentalnoj godini (2017.), usled povoljnijih meteoroloških prilika, kod obe ambrozije, u obe gustine i u svim tretma, Ambrosia trifida L. and A. artemisiifolia L. belong to allochthonous invasive weed species, and as newcomers in colonized areas, often cause great damage to the biodiversity of indigenous flora, as well as to plant production. Unlike A. artemisiifolia, which is widespread in our country on agricultural and non-agricultural land, A. trifida is currently locally present in the area of Central Bačka. Recent research indicates the potential for the spread of A. trifida in our country and Europe, which can be a serious risk for agrophytocenoses and whole ecosystems. Therefore, these studies aimed to determine the strength of intra- and interspecies competition within and between A. trifida and A. artemisiifolia, at different ratios of their presence in a natural habitat, i.e. to assess whether A. trifida will suppress A. artemisiifolia if found in the same habitat, and what level of damage to crops and ecosystems can be expected. In field conditions (during 2016 and 2017) in the area of Šabac, in village of Dobrić, a trial was set up according to the completely random block system with four repetitions, using the replacement series model (Replacement design). Two experiments were performed at the same time, one with a total number of ragweed (A. trifida + A. artemisiifolia) of 10 (low density) and the other of 100 (high density) plants/m2, where six treatments and six A. trifida/A. artemisiifolia (%) ratios were examined: 100/0, 80/20, 60/40, 40/60, 20/80, 0/100. In addition to the given ratio of the number of ragweeds per area unit, other weeds that sprouted were not removed to determine the effect of the interaction of A. trifida and A. artemisiifolia on their growth and development. Inter- and intraspecific competition between A. trifida and A. artemisiifolia plants were studied based on vegetative (height and width of plants, number of leaves, dry mass) and generative parameters (number of heads and flowers, number and mass of seeds), during three evaluation periods more...

Ambrosia artemisiifolia L. (AMBEL) predstavlja veoma značajnu korovsku vrstu koja se na području Srbije nalazi u invaziji i čest je pratilac ruralnih i urbanih površina. Pri njenoj visokoj brojnosti prinosi useva mogu biti značajno umanjeni ili potpuno uništeni. Pored AMBEL u Srbiji, u Vojvodini, lokalno je prisutna i Ambrosia trifida L. (AMBTR). Imajući u vidu njen vegetativni i generativni potencijal može se očekivati njena ekspanzija. Polazeći od pretpostavke da bi u budućnosti distribucija AMBTR mogla da zauzme veće razmere nego sada, cilj ovog istraživanja fokusiran je na ispitivanje međusobne interakcije ove dve vrste ambrozija. Da bi utvrdili vegetativnu produkciju AMBEL u koasocijaciji sa AMBTR eksperiment je postavljen po dizajnu zamenjujućih serija (potpuno slučajan blok dizajn u četiri ponavljanja) u različitom odnosu biljaka AMBEL/AMBTR: 10/0; 8/2; 6/4; 4/6; 2/8; 0/10. Vegetativni parametri (visina, širina, broj listova, suva masa) mereni su tokom jula, avgusta i septembra (2016. godine), a svi rezultati analizirani su u statističkom paketu SPSS 23.Visina biljaka AMBEL kretala se u opsegu od 35,00-50,40 cm (jul), od 68,00-95,50 cm (avgust) i od 83,75-99,80 cm (septembar). Širina biljaka AMBEL tokom jula, avgusta i septembra kretala se u opsegu od 16,06-18,75 cm, od 23,00-25,42 cm i od 24,80- 28,21 cm po istom redu ocena, dok su se kod parametra broja listova po biljci vrednosti kretale od 12,00-13,53 (jul), od 29,19-35,46 (avgust) i od 35,70-54,25 (septembar). Povećanje brojnosti AMBEL u odnosu na AMBTR uslovilo je i povećanje suve mase AMBEL po biljci. Vrednosti suve mase kretale su se u opsegu od 4,22- 6,11 g (jul), od 8,96-10,27 g (avgust) i od 7,04-19,53 g (septembar). Minimalne vrednosti parametara zabeležene su u tretmanu sa 2, a maksimalne sa 10 biljaka AMBEL/m2 što znači da je kod ove vrste ambrozije izraženija interspecijska nego intraspecijska kompeticija. more...

Neformalni sakupljači sekundarnih sirovina žive i rade u veoma lošim uslovima, a u kontekstu izmenjenom COVID-19 krizom javile su se nove teškoće koje su dodatno ugrozile njihov položaj. Više nego ranije, potrebno je pokazati solidarnost prema ovoj društveno ranjivoj grupi koja doprinosi celokupnom društvu. Osnovna istraživačka namena ovog rada je da na konzistentan način prikaže novi kontekst u kojem rade neformalni sakupljači, odnosno da identifikuje nove teškoće sa kojima se oni suočavaju. Metodološki pristup obuhvata analizu sadržaja prethodnih istraživanja i terensko istraživanje (upitnik i intervju sa 15 neformalnih sakupljača) realizovano na teritoriji grada Šabac. Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na nepovoljan uticaj COVID-19 krize na kontekst rada neformalnih sakupljača, koji se ogleda u: ograničenju radnog vremena; onemogućavanju rada na deponijama i ulicama (zbog karantina, policijskog časa ili strože kontrole zabranjenih aktivnosti vezanih za neformalno sakupljanje); ograničenju saradnje sa domaćinstvima koja ne žele da budu u kontaktu sa neformalnim sakupljačima zbog straha od virusa; povećanom riziku ugrožavanja zdravlja. Novi kontekst rada je uzrokovao brojne teškoće, poput smanjenja zarade, gladovanja, povećanja konkurencije na ograničenim mestima rada i narušavanja zdravlja. Podrška neformalnim sakupljačima od strane javnog sektora u otežanim uslovima nije dovoljna, a kontinuirana podrška u naturi obezbeđena je uglavnom kroz civilni sektor. Izazovi sa kojima se susreću neformalni sakupljači zahtevaju izmenu pristupa politike i prakse, kao i podsticanje društvene solidarnosti., Informal collectors of secondary raw materials live and work in very poor conditions, and in the context influenced by COVID-19 crisis, new difficulties have arisen which have further endangered their posi- tion. More than before, it is necessary to show solidarity towards this socially vulnerable group that contributes to the whole society. The main research purpose of this paper is to consistently present the new context in which informal collectors work, ie to identify new difficulties they face. The methodological approach includes the analysis of the content of previous research and field research (questionnaire and interview with 15 informal collectors) conducted in the city of Sabac. The results of the research indicate the unfavorable impact of the COVID-19 crisis on the context of the work of informal collectors, which is reflected in: limitation of working hours; disabling work on landfills and streets (due to quarantine, curfew or stricter control of prohibited activities related to informal collection); restricting cooperation with households that do not want to be in contact with informal collectors for fear of the virus; increased risk of health hazards. The new work context has caused a number of difficulties, such as declining wages, starvation, increased competition in limited jobs and health problems. Support to informal collectors by the public sector in difficult conditions is not sufficient, and continuous support in kind is provided mainly through the civil sector. The challenges faced by informal collectors require a change in policy and practice approach, as well as the encouragement of social solidarity. more...

In this study, we report genetic characterization of Orobanche cumana, the causal agent of sunflower wilting in Serbia. The genetic diversity of this parasitic plant in Serbia was not studied before. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers and partial rbcL gene sequences analysis were used to characterize the O. cumana populations at the molecular level. While phylogenetic analyses of RAPD-PCR amplicons were performed using unweighted pair-group Method analyses, rbcL gene sequences were analyzed using neigbor joining method and minimum spanning tree. Molecular analyses of RAPD-PCR analysis revealed high genetic diversity of O. cumana populations which indicated high adaptive potential of this parasitic weed in Serbia. Further analyses of rbcL gene using minimum spanning tree revealed clear differences among diverse sections of Orobanche genus. Although this molecular marker lacked the resolution to display intrapopulation diversity it could be a useful tool for understanding the evolution of this parasitic plant. Our results suggested that O. cumana has great genetic potential which can lead to differentiation of more virulent races which is important for determining crop breeding strategies for their control. more...

During the 80s it was considered that a new era in agriculture has begun with the manipulation of plant growth through the use of synthetic regulators. Growth regulators (GR) have found their application in different crops (cereals, tobacco, potato, bananas, coffee, cotton, oilseed rape) and plantations (fruit and citrus orchards and vineyards). In order to examine the influence of GR on the growth of plants, i.e. their lateral branches, the trials were conducted in tobacco, winter wheat and oilseed rape fields, with the aim to evaluate the effects of growth regulators. Maleic hydrazide potassium and different concentrationsof butralin were applied in tobacco, while tebuconazole was applied in oilseed rape and ethephon in wheat. Analysis of the results has shown that the application of GR has had an effect on the growth of lateral tobacco shoots and oilseed rape and wheat plants. Statistically signifficant differences between the control and treated plants have been determined for all of the assessed rates of growth regulators. The effects were more pronounced on the length of lateral shoots in the upper nodes of tobacco, while in oilseed rape a higher efficiency was registered following fall treatments., Osamdesetih godina prošlog veka smatralo se da manipulacija rastom biljaka zasnovana na korišćenju sintetičkih regulatora, predstavlja početak nove ere u poljoprivrednoj praksi. Regulatori rasta (RR) su našli primenu u različitim usevima (strna žita, duvan, krompir, banana, kafa, pamuk, uljana repica) i zasadima (voće, vinova loza, citrusi). U cilju ispitivanja uticaja RR na porast biljaka, odnosno bočnih izdanaka postavljeni su ogledi u usevima duvana, ozime pšenice i uljane repice. Malein-hidrazid kalijum i različite koncentracije RR butralin su primenjeni u duvanu, tebukonazol je primenjen u uljanoj repici, a etefon u pšenici. Analizom rezultata konstatovano je da je primena RR uticala na rast bočnih izdanaka listova duvana, kao i na porast biljaka uljane repice i pšenice. Utvrđene su statistički jasne razlike između kontrole i tretmana kod svih ispitivanih količina RR. U usevu duvana efekat RR je bio izraženiji na dužinu bočnih izdanaka viših spratova, a kod biljaka uljane repice bolji efekat je uočen nakon primene jesenjih tretmana. more...