Search

Background: The purpose of this study was to compare the accuracy of three different intraoral scanners (IOSs) and to evaluate the patients' experience. Methods: Thirty subjects were scanned with three different IOSs (TRIOS Color®, iTero Element 5D®, and iTero Lumina®): a sample of 90 maxillary casts was collected. The inclusion criteria were permanent dentition, absence of defects during the dental impression, and complete record of the palatal vault. After the scanning procedure, patients were asked to answer a questionnaire (10 answers, scale from 1 to 10) to compare their experiences with iTero Element and iTero Lumina in the scanning procedure. Results: Differences were recorded in the upper central incisor region (f-ratio of 4.186 for Mesiodistal 1.1 and f-ratio of 4.222 for Mesiodistal 2.1, p < 0.05), while intercanine width Upper 13–23 showed the smallest f-ratio (0.226) when compared to the other results, followed by Mesiodistal 1.4 (0.433). Patients reported more comfort, less pain, decreased duration, and a better technology visualization of the impression with iTero Lumina. No significant differences concerning dryness of the mouth and gag reflex were found. Conclusions: The examined IOSs offer comparable accuracy in capturing dental arch dimensions. The interviewed patients expressed an overall preference for digital impressions performed with iTero Lumina, linked to increased comfort, painless practice, and a better technology visualization of the impression. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To assess the short‐ and long‐term dentoskeletal effects of early Class III treatment with rapid maxillary expansion and facemask (RME/FM) followed by fixed appliances. Materials and Methods: A total of 44 patients (27 females, 17 males) treated consecutively with RME/FM were included from the archives of 3 centres. Three lateral cephalograms were available: T0 (before the start of RME/FM therapy, mean age 8.1 ± 1.8 years), T1 (immediately after RME/FM, mean age 9.8 ± 1.6 years), and T2 (long‐term observation, mean age 19.5 ± 1.6 years). A control group of 17 untreated Class III subjects (12 females and 5 males) also was selected. Between‐group statistical comparisons were performed with ANCOVA. Results: No statistically significant differences for any of the cephalometric variables were found at T0. In the short term, the treated group showed significant improvements in ANB (+2.9°), Wits appraisal (+2.7 mm), SNA (+1.8°) and SNB (−1.1°). A significant closure of CoGoMe angle (−1.3°) associated with smaller increments along Co‐Gn (−2.4 mm) also was found together with a significant increase in intermaxillary divergence (+1.3°). In the long‐term, significant improvements in ANB (+2.6°), Wits appraisal (+2.7 mm) and SNB (−1.7°) were recorded together with a significant closure of the CoGoMe angle (−2.9°). No significant long‐term changes in vertical skeletal relationships were found. Conclusions: RME/FM therapy was effective in improving Class III dentoskeletal relationships in the short term. These changes remained stable in the long‐term due mainly to favourable mandibular changes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Early mixed dentition represents a critical phase since crowding conditions can occur. The interceptive resolution of dental crowding allows favorable arch and occlusal development. The aim of the present investigation was to evaluate dentoalveolar changes of clear aligner treatment planned to manage lower incisor crowding, loss of arch length, and midline deviation in early mixed dentition. Methods: A total of 13 patients (7 females, 6 males, 9.4 ± 1.2 age) treated with clear aligners were selected. Arch dimensions and incisor inclinations were evaluated before (T0) and at the end of interceptive treatment (T1). A paired t-test was chosen to compare T1–T0 changes. The level of significance was set at 5%. Results: The greatest significant increase in mandibular width was observed at the level of the first deciduous molars (+2.44 ± 1.4 mm), followed by the second permanent molars (+2.16 ± 1.4 mm). Lower arch length and arch depth showed a statistically relevant increase (2 ± 0.6 mm and 4.5 ± 1.6 mm, respectively). The mean lower dental midline changes were statistically significant (1.42 ± 0.73 mm). Conclusions: Early treatment with clear aligners, including the combination of transversal arch development, maintenance of leeway space, and guidance of eruption, represents a valid treatment strategy in early mixed dentition to manage arch crowding and occlusion development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

CD19‐targeted chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR‐T) cell therapy has shown unprecedented results in patients with B cell relapsed/refractory acute lymphoblastic leukemia (R/R‐ALL) and B cell non‐Hodgkin lymphomas where no other curative options are available. In vivo monitoring of CAR‐T cell kinetics is fundamental to understand the correlation between CAR‐T cells expansion and persistence with treatment response and toxicity development. The aim of this study was to define a robust, sensitive, and universal method for CAR‐T cell detection using flow cytometry. We set up and compared with each other three assays for CD19 CAR‐T cell detection, all based on commercially available reagents. All methods used a recombinant human CD19 protein fragment recognized by the single‐chain variable fragment of the CAR construct. The two indirect staining assays (CD19his + APC‐conjugated antihistidine antibody and CD19bio + APC‐conjugated antibiotin antibody) showed better sensitivity and specificity compared with the direct staining with CD19‐FITC, and CD19his had a better cost‐effective profile. We validated CAR detection with CD19his with parallel quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction data and we could demonstrate a strong positive correlation. We also showed that CD19his staining can be easily included in a multicolor flow cytometry panel to achieve additional information about the cell phenotype of CAR‐T cell positive subpopulations. Finally, this method can be used for different anti‐CD19 CAR‐T cell products and for different sample sources. These data demonstrate that detection of CAR‐T cells by CD19his flow cytometry staining is a reliable, robust, and broadly applicable tool for in vivo monitoring of CAR‐T cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: to analyze the dento-alveolar effects induced by two treatment appliances (i.e., RME and Clear Aligners) in growing subjects presenting with early mixed dentition and mild maxillary deficiency. Methods: digital casts of 32 children treated with RME (RG: 17 subjects) or with Clear aligners (CAG: 15 subjects) were collected. Linear and angular values were measured in both groups on the upper arch for both pre- (T1) and post-treatment (T2) models. An unpaired t-test was used to test significant differences between groups (p < 0.05). Results: the comparison of T2-T1 changes for linear measurements between groups showed a greater increase in the inter-canine width (+1.5 mm ± 0.5 mm) and in the first inter-deciduous molar width (+1.4 ± 0.4 mm), also at the trans-palatal level in the CAG group. Conversely, in the posterior region of the upper arch, a greater increase in the first inter-molar distal width was found in the RG group (+1.2 ± 0.4 mm) when compared with the CAG group. A significant increase in the crown angulation in the CAG group was found for all the teeth except for the first molars. Conclusions: the rapid palatal expander widened the palate, tipping the first upper molars buccally to a greater extent, whereas the Clear aligners caused a greater increase in the canine width. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]