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As part of the monitoring of commercial species targeted by fisheries in the outermost regions, Ifremer has developed the Accobiom project (ACquisition de COnnaissances sur les paramètres Biologiques des ressources marines exploitées en Outre-Mer) in order to improve knowledge of fish stocks in the overseas territories. In the future, once sufficient in quantitative and temporal terms, these data will make it possible to reconstitute life history traits on the scale of the total population (size-weight relationship, size-age relationship, ogive of sexual maturity, size and age of first sexual maturity, reproduction period) and to make a diagnosis of the stocks. Financed by the French Development Agency (AFD) and implemented by Ifremer between 2021 and 2022 in four overseas departments (Guadeloupe, Martinique, French Guiana and Reunion Island), this project involved the drafting of a sampling protocol and the associated data collection, the analysis of the biological data collected (size, weight, age, sex, sexual maturity phase) as well as methodological developments allowing the integration of these new data into the assessment models of the main fish stocks of the DOMs, identified under the Data Collection Framework (DCF) regulation (EU) n°2017/10041. This document is therefore the methodological guide concerning the acquisition, validation, logistics and banking of the associated data. It builds on several documents already produced in the context of other sampling (Badts & Bertrand, 2012; Elleboode, Badts, Telliez, et al., 2022; Elleboode, Telliez, Aumond, et al., 2022; Elleboode, Badts, Prigent, et al., 2022; Garren et al., 2019; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF), 2020), Dans le cadre du suivi des espèces commerciales ciblées par la pêche dans les RUP (régions ultrapériphériques), l’Ifremer a élaboré le projet Accobiom (ACquisition de COnnaissances sur les paramètres Biologiques des ressources marines exploitées en Outre-Mer) afin de renforcer les connaissances sur les stocks halieutiques en Outre-mer. A l’avenir, une fois suffisantes en termes quantitatifs et temporels, ces données permettront de reconstituer les traits d’histoire de vie à l’échelle de la population totale (relation taille-poids, relation taille-âge, ogive de maturité sexuelle, taille et âge de première maturité sexuelle, période de reproduction) et de porter un diagnostic sur les stocks. Financé par l’Agence Française de Développement (AFD) et mis en œuvre par l’Ifremer entre 2021 et 2022 dans quatre départements d’Outre-Mer (DOM) (Guadeloupe, Martinique, Guyane et La Réunion), ce projet prévoyait la rédaction d’un protocole d’échantillonnage et la collecte de données associée, l’analyse des données biologiques collectées (tailles, poids, âge, sexe, phase de maturité sexuelle) ainsi que des développements méthodologiques permettant d’intégrer ces nouvelles données aux modèles d’évaluation des principaux stocks de poissons des DOM, identifiés au titre du règlement Data Collection Framework (DCF) (UE) n°2017/10041. Ce présent document est donc le guide méthodologique concernant l’acquisition, la validation, la logistique et la bancarisation des données associées. Il s’appuie sur plusieurs documents déjà réalisés dans le cadre d’autres échantillonnages (Badts & Bertrand, 2012; Elleboode, Badts, Telliez, et al., 2022; Elleboode, Telliez, Aumond, et al., 2022; Elleboode, Badts, Prigent, et al., 2022; Garren et al., 2019; Scientific, Technical and Economic Committee for Fisheries (STECF), 2020).

In the French Overseas, small-scale fishing represents a major part of the sector, with a vital role for the economy, employment and food security of local populations. However scientific knowledge and monitoring remains patchy. Involved in several research projects on this issue, Ifremer organised an exchange workshop to share recent scientific advances with stakeholders in the sector and to discuss together the issues of sustainability of fishing in these territories. The event was held on 5 and 6 December 2022, at the headquarters of the Comité National des Pêches et des Elevages Marins (CNPMEM) in Paris. This meeting was organised within the framework of Ifremer's Overseas Action Plan (PAOM) 2021-2025, but also in the context of the FAO's "International Year of Small-scale Fisheries and Aquaculture" (IYAFA). More than 80 participants met on 5 and 6 December, a majority in presence, others participating remotely. The objective of the workshop was to share the progress and results obtained by the research, and to discuss the future challenges and future needs for collaboration in the French overseas territories. The proposed approach is in line with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and the sciences of sustainability of fisheries socio-ecosystems. In this sense, the aim is to better integrate the ecological, economic and social dimensions of the knowledge on the systems studied and to better consider the needs of stakeholders in order to co-construct future perspectives and projects. The workshop addressed socio-economic and governance issues as well as biological issues related to exploited resources and environmental dimensions. Various topics were discussed, including the major figures for fishing in the French Overseas Territories, economic trajectories in a context of major disturbances, socio-demographic profiles and working conditions, interactions with other fisheries, and the consideration of climate change and the state of essential habitats in the assessment of fisheries resources., Dans les Outre-mer français, la pêche artisanale représente une part majeure du secteur, avec un rôle capital pour l’économie, l’emploi et la sécurité alimentaire des populations locales. Mais les connaissances scientifiques restent encore parcellaires. Impliqué dans plusieurs projets de recherche sur cette question, l’Ifremer a organisé une atelier d’échanges pour partager avec les acteurs de la filière les avancées scientifiques obtenues et discuter ensemble des enjeux de durabilité de la pêche dans ces territoires. L’événement s’est tenu les 5 et 6 décembre 2022, au siège du Comité National des Pêches et des Elevages Marins (CNPMEM) à Paris. Cette rencontre a été organisée dans le cadre du Plan d'Action Outre-mer (PAOM) 2021-2025 de l’Ifremer, mais également dans le contexte de "l’Année internationale de la pêche artisanale et de l'aquaculture" de la FAO (en anglais IYAFA). Plus de 80 participants se sont ainsi réunis les 5 et 6 décembre, la majorité se retrouvant en présentiel, d'autres participant à distance. L'objectif de l'atelier a été de partager les avancées et résultats obtenus par la recherche, et de discuter des enjeux d'avenir et futurs besoins de collaborations dans les Outre-mer français. La démarche proposée s’inscrit dans le cadre des objectifs du développement durable (ODD) et des sciences de la durabilité des socio-écosystèmes halieutiques. En ce sens, il s’agit d’une part de mieux intégrer les dimensions écologiques, économiques et sociales des systèmes étudiés et d’autre part de mieux considérer les besoins des acteurs de manière à co-construire perspectives et projets futurs. L’atelier a abordé aussi bien les enjeux socio-économiques et de gouvernance, que les enjeux biologiques, ou ceux liés aux ressources exploitées et aux dimensions environnementales. Différentes thématiques ont été discutées autour des grands chiffres de la pêche dans les Outre-mer français, des trajectoires économiques dans un contexte de fortes perturbations, des profils socio-démographiques et des conditions de travail dans ce secteur, des interactions avec les autres pêcheries, ou encore de la prise en compte du changement climatique et de l'état des habitats essentiels dans l'évaluation des ressources halieutiques.

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Advice (WGMIXFISH-ADVICE) met remotely to produce mixed fisheries forecasts for the Bay of Biscay, Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters and North Sea. Mixed fisheries advice highlights the potential implications of single-stock (total allowable catch and effort) management on the catches of multiple stocks caught together in mixed fisheries. It takes into account past fishing patterns and catchability of the different fleets, and the TAC advice produced by the single-stock advice groups, to provide quantitative forecast of over- and under-exploitation of the different stocks given mixed fishery interactions. The mixed fisheries forecasts were produced using the “FCube” (Fleet and Fishery Forecasts) methodology for the Celtic Sea, and on the “FLBEIA” (Fisheries Library Bio-Economic ImpaPrct Assessment) methodology for the Bay of Biscay, Iberian Waters and North Sea.The Bay of Biscay mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice of 14 demersal stocks (ank.27.78abd, hke.27.3a46-8abd, hom.27.2a4a5b6a7a-ce-k8, mac.27.nea, meg.27.7bk8abd, mon.27.78abd, nep.fu.2324, pol.27.89a, sdv.27.nea, sol.27.8ab, whb.27.1-91214 and whg.27.89a. Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice, the most limiting stock for Bay of Biscay demersal fisheries is pollack, whose quota is first reached for 15 of 22 defined fleets. The least limiting stock is black-bellied anglerfish (11 of 22 fleets).The Celtic Sea mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 12 demersal stocks (cod.27.7e–k, had.27.7b–k, whg.27.7bce–k, nep.fu.16, 17, 19, 20–21, 22, and outside FUs, sol.27.7fg, mon.27.78abd, and meg.27.7b k8abd). Based on mixed-fisheries considerations and single-stock catch advice, cod is the most limiting stock for Celtic Sea demersal fisheries. This is due to the zero-catch advice for cod and because almost all fisheries operating with demersal gears catch cod.The Iberian waters mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 5 demersal stocks (ank.27.8c9a, hke.27.8c9a, lbd.27.8c9a, meg.27.8c9a and mon.27.8c9a). Based on mixed fisheries considerations and single-stock catch advice, hake is the most limiting stock for Atlantic Iberian waters demersal fisheries, corresponding to an undershoot of the advised catch for the other stocks considered in the mixed fisheries analysis. Conversely, anglerfish stocks are the least limiting stocks, corresponding to an overshoot of the advised catch for the other stocks. If fleets set their effort in order to catch their anglerfish stock shares, overshoot and reduction of SSB is more noticeable in hake and the four-spot megrim stock, possibly due to an increased technical interaction between this species and the anglerfish stocks. The North Sea demersal mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 15 demersal stocks (cod.27.47d20, had.27.46a20, whg.27.47d, pok.27.3a46, ple.27.420, ple.27.7d, sol.27.4, tur 27.4, wit.27.3a47d, nep.fu.5–10, 32, 33, 34, and 4 outFU). Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice, the most limiting stock for North Sea demersal fisheries is cod, whose quota is first reached for 37 of 40 defined fleets. Whiting is the least limiting stock in 25 of 40 fleets making it overall the least limiting stock.Additional work included progress towards the development of mixed fisheries advice for the Irish Sea, and contributions by the working group to the fisheries overviews for a number of regions and a technical request.

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Advice (WGMIXFISH-ADVICE) met remotely to produce mixed fisheries forecasts for the Bay of Biscay, Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters, Irish Sea and North Sea. Mixed fisheries advice highlights the potential implications of single-stock (total allowable catch and effort) management on the catches of multiple stocks caught together in mixed fisheries. It considers past fishing patterns and catchability of the different fleets, and the TAC advice produced by the single-stock advice groups, to provide quantitative forecast of over- and under-exploitation of the different stocks given mixed fishery interactions. The mixed fisheries forecasts were produced using the “FCube” (Fleet and Fishery Forecasts) methodology for the Celtic Sea and Irish Sea, and the “FLBEIA” (Bio-Economic Impact Assessment using FLR) methodology for the Bay of Biscay, Iberian Waters and North Sea.The Bay of Biscay mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice of 13 stocks (ank.27.78abd, bss.27.8ab, hke.27.3a46-8abd, hom.27.2a4a5b6a7a-ce-k8, mac.27.nea, meg.27.7b-k8abd, mon.27.78abd, nep.fu.2324, pol.27.89a, sdv.27.nea, sol.27.8ab, whb.27.1-91214, and whg.27.89a). Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice, the most limiting stock for Bay of Biscay demersal fisheries is horse mackerel (hom.27.2a4a5b6a7a-ce-k8), due to the zero-catch advice. The least limiting stock is whiting (whg.27.89a; 8 of 22 fleets). However, if horse mackerel was to be excluded as a restrictive stock due to the small contribution made by the demersal fleets to the total stock landings, the most limiting stock would be pollack (pol.27.89a ) whose quota is first reached for 8 of 22 defined fleets.The Celtic Sea mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 15 stocks (cod.27.7e-k, had.27.7b-k, whg.27.7b-ce-k, nep.fu.16, 17, 19, 20–21, 22, and outside FUs, sol.27.7e, sol.27.7fg, mon.27.78abd, ank.27.78abd, meg.27.7b-k8abd, and hke.27.3a46-8abd). Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice, cod is the most limiting stock for Celtic Sea demersal fisheries. This is due to the zero-catch advice for cod and because almost all fisheries operating with demersal gears catch cod.The Iberian waters mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 5 stocks (ank.27.8c9a, hke.27.8c9a, lbd.27.8c9a, meg.27.8c9a and mon.27.8c9a). Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice, hake is the most limiting stock for Iberian waters demersal fisheries, corresponding to an undershoot of the advised catch for the other stocks considered in the mixed fisheries analysis and because almost all fisheries operating in the area with demersal gears catch hake. Black-bellied anglerfish is the least limiting stock in almost all the fleets considered in the mixed-fisheries analysis.The Irish Sea mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 7 stocks (cod.27.7a, had.27.7a, ple.27.7a, sol.27.7a, whg.27.7a, nep.fu.14, and 15). Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice demersal fisheries in the Irish Sea are limited by the zero-catch advice for whiting and cod as almost all fleets within the mixed-fishery catch these stocks. The least limiting stock is haddock (12 of 14 fleets).The North Sea mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 20 stocks (cod.27.47d20, had.27.46a20, ple.27.420, ple.27.7d, pok.27.3a46, sol.27.4, sol.27.7d, tur 27.4, whg.27.47d, wit.27.3a47d, nep.fu.5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 32, 33, 34, and 4 outFU). Based on current fishing patterns and single-stock catch advice, the most limiting stock for North Sea demersal fisheries is witch, whose advised catch for 2023 is first reached for 36 of 46 defined fleets. Whiting is the least limiting stock in 35 of 46 fleets making it overall the least limiting stock.Additional work included contributions to the fisheries overviews and two technical requests

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Methodology (WGMIXFISH-METHODS) met to progress work on the improvement and development of the mixed fisheries advice. In this report the group provides a summary of the work completed in 2022.The work addressed included improving workflows for the advice process, presenting methodological advances, developing new ecoregions and responding to issues encountered during WGMIXFISH-ADVICE 2022. Additionally, plans for a second scoping workshop were discussed and the contribution of WGMIXFISH to mixed fisheries information in the Fisheries Overviews was reviewed.A key methodological advance used data on quota exchanges between countries to update the Min mixed fisheries scenario to address concerns over choking behaviour in fleets that generally do not entirely consume their initial quota allocation. This update is predicated on the assumption that when TAC changes become restrictive, the usual quota exchanges will become less likely.An Irish Sea model has been in development for several years and a mature version was presented. A formal review process has been initiated to evaluate this model with a timescale consistent with incorporating this ecoregion into the formal mixed fisheries advice process for 2022.To help improve the understanding of the main outputs from the mixed fisheries model a new design for the headline “advice” plot was approved at this meeting. This new design presents the results from each mixed fisheries scenario for a particular stock. This should enable stakeholders to draw easier comparisons between the different scenarios presented for their stock of interest.Future work ahead of next year’s meeting will focus on finalising the plans initiated at this meeting for a second scoping workshop and refining the contribution of WGMIXFISH to mixed fisheries information presented in the Fisheries Overviews.

Cette étude a pour but de déterminer l’état des ressources ciblées par les pêcheries démersales, majoritairement artisanales, exerçant sur le plateau insulaire guadeloupéen. Les travaux se focalisent sur les 13 groupes d’espèces principaux en volumes et valeurs débarquées. La courte série temporelle (9 années d'échantillonnage des débarquements) et les données disponibles (CPUE et volumes de captures) font appel aux méthodologies d’évaluation développées pour les stocks à données limitées. Ces methodologies visent à estimer les tendances récentes de la biomasse ainsi que les niveaux relatifs de la biomasse et la pression de pêche par rapport à des points de reference au RMD (Rendement Maximal Durable). L’approche suivie repose sur l’usage du modèle de production stochastique en temps continu SPiCT qui fournit à la fois les estimations et les points de référence. Une analyse du profil des captures est également réalisée pour determiner différentes zones de pêche ayant les même caractéristiques. Au regard des incertitudes rencontrées sur les données, les conclusions de cette étude doivent être envisagées comme étant préliminaires. Un bilan est effectué et fournit des pistes d’amélioration pour l’échantillonnage des débarquements ainsi que pour rendre plus robuste les approches de modélisation.

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Methodology (WGMIXFISH-METHODS) meet to progress work on the improvement and development of the mixed fisheries advice. In this report the group provides a summary of the work completed in 2020. Work continued on the full documentation of the mixed fisheries advice production process, including workflows, code repositories, stock annexes and associated documentation for all advice regions. A review was completed of the new data call and associated quality control procedures to identify possible areas of improvements. Working group participants responded to the outcomes and issues encountered during WGMIXFISH-Advice 2019 for Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters, and North Sea. A full list of issues and solutions were collated and discussed during the meeting. Additionally, work continued on the development of mixed fisheries advice for three new advice regions: Bay of Biscay, Irish Sea, and Kattegat.The working group responded to the outcomes of the Mixed Fisheries Scoping Meeting (WKMIXFISH), identifying timelines and requirements to meet the growing needs for mixed fisheries advice. To support these growing needs the group members presented and discussed new techniques in the field of mixed fisheries.

The goal of a benchmark is consensus agreement on an assessment methodology that is to be used in future update assessments. This assessment methodology can be an analytical assessment, but can also be non-analytical, for instance based on trends in an assessment or in a selected set of (survey) indicators, with or without forecasts. The result will be the 'best available' method that ICES advice will be based on. WKWEST 2021 dealt with the following stocks: Sardine (Sardina pilchardus) in Subarea 7 (southern Celtic Seas, and the English Channel); Pollack (Pollachius pollachius) in subareas 6-7 (Celtic Seas and the English Channel); Red gurnard (Chelidonichthys cuculus) in subareas 3–8 (Northeast Atlantic); Plaice (Pleuronectes platessa) in divisions 7.h–k (Celtic Sea South, southwest of Ireland); Sole (Solea solea) in divisions 8.c and 9.a (Cantabrian Sea and Atlantic Iberian waters).

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Methodology (WGMIXFISH-METHODS) met to progress work on the improvement and development of the mixed fisheries advice. In this report the group provides a summary of the work completed in 2021.Work continued on the full review and documentation of the mixed fisheries advice production process, including workflows, code repositories, stock annexes, data, and associated documentation for all advice regions.Working group participants responded to the outcomes and issues encountered during WGMIXFISH-Advice 2020 for Bay of Biscay, Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters, and North Sea. A full list of issues and solutions were collated and discussed during the meeting. Additionally, work continued on the development of mixed fisheries advice for on the Irish Sea. The working group responded to the outcomes of the Scoping workshop on next generation of mixed fisheries advice (WKMIXFISH 2020), identifying timelines and requirements to meet the growing needs for mixed fisheries advice. To support these growing needs the group members presented and discussed new techniques in the field of mixed fisheries.

The ICES Working Group on Mixed Fisheries Advice (WGMIXFISH-ADVICE) met remotely to produce mixed fisheries forecasts for the Bay of Biscay, Celtic Sea, Iberian Waters and North Sea. Mixed fisheries advice highlights the potential implications of single-stock (total allowable catch and effort) management on the catches of multiple stocks caught together in mixed fisheries. It takes into account past fishing patterns and catchability of the different fleets, and the TAC advice produced by the single-stock advice groups, to provide quantitative forecast of over- and under-exploitation of the different stocks given mixed fishery interactions. The mixed fisheries forecasts were produced using the “FCube” (Fleet and Fishery Forecasts) methodology for the Celtic Sea and North Sea, and on the “FLBEIA” (Fisheries Library Bio-Economic ImpaPrct Assessment) methodology for the Bay of Biscay and Iberian Waters.The Bay of Biscay mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice of 14 demersal stocks (ank.27.78abd, bss.27.8ab, hke.27.3a46-8abd, hom.27.2a4a5b6a7a-ce-k8, mac.27.nea, meg.27.7b-k8abd, mon.27.78abd, nep.fu.2324, rjc.27.8, rjn.27.678abd, rju.27.8ab, sdv.27.nea, sol.27.8ab and whg.27.89a. Mixed-fisheries projections for 2021 indicate that there is no single stock that restricts all fleets. Smooth-hound (sdv.27.nea), Norway lobster (nep.fu.2324) and both anglerfishes (ank.27.78abd and mon.27.78abd) are the least limiting stocks, resulting in an overshoot of the advised catch for the other considered stocks.The Celtic Sea mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 12 demersal stocks (cod.27.7e–k, had.27.7b–k, whg.27.7bce–k, nep.fu.16, 17, 19, 20–21, 22, and outside FUs, sol.27.7fg, mon.27.78abd, and meg.27.7b k8abd). The results of the mixed fisheries projections show that cod (cod.27.7e–k ) limits all fleets due to the zero catch advice for cod and that all fleets catch cod to a greater or lesser extent. Sole (sol.27.7fg) and Norway lobster (nep.fu.16, 17, 19, 20–21, 22) are the least limiting stocks corresponding to an overshoot of the advised catch for the other considered stocks.The Iberian waters mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 5 demersal stocks (ank.27.8c9a, hke.27.8c9a, lbd.27.8c9a, meg.27.8c9a and mon.27.8c9a). The result of the mixed fisheries projections indicate that hake (hke.27.8c9a) will be the most limiting stock, corresponding to an undershoot of the advised catch for the other stocks. Anglerfish stocks (ank.27.8c9a and mon.27.8c9a) are the least limiting stocks, corresponding to an overshoot of the advised catch for the other considered stocks. The North Sea demersal mixed fisheries projections consider the single-species advice for 15 demersal stocks (cod.27.47d20, had.27.46a20, whg.27.47d, pok.27.3a46, ple.27.420, ple.27.7d, sol.27.4, tur 27.4, wit.27.3a47d, nep.fu.5–10, 32, 33, 34, and 4 outFU). The results of the projections indicate that cod (cod.27.47d20) will be the most limiting stock for certain fleets, corresponding to an undershoot for the advised catch for the other stocks considered in the mixed fisheries analysis. The “range” scenario suggests that the potential for mixed-fisheries mismatch would be lowered with a 2021 TAC in the lower part of the FMSY range for North Sea plaice (ple.27.420), saithe (pok.27.3a46), and sole (sol.27.4), and at the highest possible value for cod (cod.27.47d20) in accordance with the MSY approach and the EU multiannual plan.

Age and size at maturation appear as key parameters governing the dynamics of a population as they affect growth rate, fecundity, and survival. The expression of such life history traits is determined by genetic make-up and modulated by environmental factors mainly through phenotypic plasticity. Moreover, fishing, besides decreasing population size and changing demographic composition can alter allelic frequencies through fisheries-induced evolution by selecting for some particular traits. In the Bay of Biscay, a decreasing trend in both sardine body condition and size-at-age has recently been pointed out at the population level. The Probabilistic Maturation Reaction Norm (PMRN) approach was applied to help disentangle phenotypic plasticity and genetic changes. Based on the analysis of sardine spawning seasonality, PMRN was estimated by considering body condition as additional life-history state variable to predict the onset of maturation. The resulting PMRN was then used to investigate temporal trends in reaction norm midpoints to test whether changes in length at maturation can be explained by plastic and/or evolutionary adaptive change. Overall, our results emphasize for the first time that including sardine body condition as explanatory variable improves predictions of maturation probability. We found that better individual condition increases maturation probability. The assessment of temporal changes in length at maturation confirms the low plasticity in this trait for a species maturing mostly at age-1 and advocates for the use of a monthly time scale when investigating PMRNs for this species. Beside environmental variables included in this analysis (water temperature, chlorophyll-a, and population biomass) that only show a weak correlation with PMRN midpoints, our results reveal no evidence for recent fisheries-induced evolution in the sardine stock of the Bay of Biscay. They suggest that the short-term variability in length at maturation is strongly dependent upon individual growth which is likely driven by environmental factors. For sardine fisheries management, our study highlights the need to consider both the length-composition data and the seasonality within a stock assessment model. Finally, we discuss the fact that considering individual growth trajectories should improve our understanding of the relationship between environmental variability and changes in maturation for sardine.

Cette étude a pour but de déterminer l’état des ressources ciblées par les pêcheries démersales, majoritairement artisanales, exerçant sur le plateau insulaire martiniquais. Les espèces ciblées par ces pêcheries sont nombreuses (56 groupes d’espèces) et principalement capturées à la nasse. Cette étude se focalise sur les 12 groupes d’espèces principaux en termes de volume débarqué, valeur et nombre de marées effectuées. La courte série temporelle (11 années d'échantillonnage) et les données disponibles (CPUE et volumes de captures) imposent d'utiliser les méthodologies associées aux stocks à données limitées : tendance sur indices de biomasse et modèle de production. Ces deux méthodes sont confrontées dans cette évaluation. L’approche globale est avec un modèle de production stochastique continu qui se base sur le modèle de Pella-Tomlinson : SPiCT (Stochastic Surplus Production model in Continuous Time). Ce modèle permet d’estimer des points de référence au RMD (Rendement Maximal Durable) avec leurs incertitudes. En fonction de la qualité des modèles réalisés par groupes d’espèces, une des méthodes est choisie afin de réaliser un diagnostic de l’état de la ressource. Cette évaluation montre notamment que trois groupes d’espèces semblent en état de surexploitation : les perroquets, poissons bourses et marignans. Ces résultats doivent être interprétés avec précaution puisqu’il s’agit d’une première tentative d’évaluation de l’état des ressources démersales martiniquaises. Des pistes d’amélioration, notamment sur la collecte des données et la modélisation proposées dans cette étude sont également à prendre en considération.

Implementation of Ecosystem Based Management in fisheries has led to higher integration of knowledge in advices and higher engagement of stakeholders in the decision support Process. As part of the process, fisheries scientists contribute in different ways and at different levels to decision support and experienced partnership approaches in the context of research projects or institutional decision support. Role of scientists in the process is however not trivial to define and operationalize. Several pitfalls can occur that scientists may have experienced through partnership projects or in the expert assessments done for authorities. A workshop was organized from 15 to 17 January 2018 as part of the ScipaDe project of the Cluster of Excellence ('Labex') funded by the French 'Investment for the future' program and supported by the French Ministry of Research and Education. It brought together biologists, economists and social and political scientists involved in decision support processes and partnership approaches in fisheries at European level to share experiences and views across case studies, disciplines and projects. Context, content and lessons learnt from concrete experiences of bio-economic impact assessment of fisheries management scenarios provided in different case studies were reviewed and the links between scientists-stakeholders-decision makers in the decision support process in fisheries was explored through discussions and SWOT analyses. An Australian case was also reported to put into perspective the approaches and lessons learnt described at the European scale with respect to the institutionalized partnership platform for decision making used in Australian. This report provides information on the SciPaDe project, the participants to the workshop, the content of the workshop and the main perspectives and tasks identified. The workshop underlined the need to continue and better structure networks around interdisciplinary approaches, to share our vision of the role of scientists in decision support process, our experiences, methods and recommendations and to disseminate lessons learnt from analysis of practices in integrated science decision support in fisheries.

This is the final report of the European Commission funded research project "DRuMFISH" (service contract n° EASME/EMFF/2014/l.3.2.4/ SI2.721116). The main aim of the project was to develop models and strategies for providing advice for mixed fisheries that account for: (i) fishing mortality ranges consistent with MSY, (ii) all fish caught being landed, and (iii) significant components of the marine fish ecosystem lacking key biological information. In order to meet this aim, DRuMFISH delivered a review of assessment approaches for data-poor stocks, extended mixed fisheries simulation frameworks to include data-poor stocks. The assessment approaches and simulation frameworks were implemented in 7 case studies. These case studies were mixed fisheries in the Baltic Sea, the North Sea, the Celtic Sea, the Bay of Biscay, the Western Mediterranean, the Adriatic Sea, and the Aegean Sea. Within the case studies, 35 data-poor stock assessments were done. These assessments provided exploitation status of data-poor stocks. Different harvest control rules were subsequently tested for their expected yields and stock biomasses from the mixed fisheries in the simulation frameworks. Now that data-poor stocks can be incorporated with in the mixed fisheries simulation frameworks, the design of new management plans can account for data-poor stocks in mixed fisheries.

Peu de modèles d'évaluation de stock intègrent une description fine des processus biologiques régissant les populations exploitées par la pêche au sein des écosystèmes. Ce manque est particulièrement regrettable dans le cas des petits pélagiques dont la dynamique est fortement influencée par les conditions environnementales. En effet, la pêche et les fluctuations environnementales et climatiques impactent fortement la dynamique de population de la sardine du golfe de Gascogne. Pour comprendre la dynamique de cette population au sein de l'écosystème et les effets des pêcheries, il est donc nécessaire d'identifier et de caractériser cet ensemble de pressions. Afin d'améliorer la gestion et le suivi de la dynamique de ce stock, le développement d'un modèle d'évaluation écosystémique a été initié. Sa formalisation nécessite notamment la prise en compte de facteurs endogènes et exogènes structurant la croissance et la condition de cette espèce. Les indices de condition, notamment l'indice de condition relative de Le Cren, permettent notamment de comparer l'état physiologique individuel des poissons et donc par extrapolation de caractériser l'état de la population. Les études précédentes chez les sardines (mais également chez d'autres espèces de poissons) montrent qu'il existe d'importantes variations spatiotemporelles dans la condition, la croissance et la structure en taille et en âge. En nous basant sur les données récoltés lors de la campagne PELGAS, nous mesurons dans un premier temps les variations de ces paramètres clés dans le temps et dans l'espace (gradient latitudinal) afin d'identifier les facteurs environnementaux régissant l'expression de ces caractères morphologiques qui sont liés à la croissance et la reproduction des individus. Dans un second temps, pour aborder ces mécanismes d'un point de vue quantitatif, une approche bioénergétique individuelle à l'aide du DEB (Dynamic Energy Budget) sera développée pour analyser les processus bottom-up. Son utilisation en IBM (Individual-based model) permettra d'explorer également les processus de densitédépendance.

Under the scope of the a4a Initiative a workshop dedicated to studying spatial effects on the stock dynamics of European Atlantic sardine took place in Ispra, Italy, the 14th to the 18th of December 2015, with the objectives of (i) explore a4a methods to assess the Southern sardine stock (Atlanto-Iberian stock) and compare the results with the current ICES assessment carried out with SS3; (ii) explore a4a methods to assess the Northern stock of sardine stock; and (iii) apply a4a to assess putative sub-stock units; discuss local depletion and mixing among sub-units of the stock. Sardine is fished mainly by UK, Netherlands France, Spain and Portugal across ICES areas VII, VIII and IXa. In France, Spain and Portugal sardine has significant social and economic importance to the fishing and canning industries. Sardine shows a complex population structure characterized by spatial heterogeneity in phenotypic characters and life-history traits. Evidence of spatial variability in dynamics does not preclude some fish mixing across the whole region, in agreement with both genetic homogeneity and the similarity in otolith element composition in larger fish. Current knowledge on sardine biology and dynamics is consistent with the hypothesis of a meta-population composed of three populations recruiting in the Bay of Biscay, off northern Portugal, and in the Gulf of Cadiz. The workshop looked into three options of spatial structures (i) current stock structure Bay of Biscay stock (BB; VIIIa,b) and Ibero Atlantic stock (IB; IXa and VIIIc); (ii) three separate sub-units Bay of Biscay, Northwest stock (NW; VIIIc, IXa-North to IXa-Central South) and South stock (S; IXa South); and (iii) a single stock. The a4a stock assessment model was used to estimate the dynamics of each sub-units in each option. To carry out the comparison across sub-units the models used were kept as similar as possible, to mitigate the effect that the choice of model can have on the final results. Uncertainty was estimated using MCMC with the ADMB implementation, which, in the most recent version, can be assessed through the FLa4a package. In the case of the overall stock, a sensitivity analysis about survey's data processing options was carried out, to investigate the robustness of the assessment results. For the Bay of Biscay a bayesian approach has also been implemented. In order to compare both methods (a4a and bayesian) a very simple separable model was selected. A visual evaluation of the consistency between the spatial hypothesis was done based on the SSB estimates, showing that both trends are remarkably similar until 2012, when they start to diverge. In 2012 the Iberian stock (sub-units NW and S) was at a very low level and the migration rates between the Iberian and the Bay of Biscay sub-units may have increased. In such case, the stock assessment model assumption of closed population is less likely to be maintained and the two estimates of SSB diverge. One of the advantages of the approach proposed is to make it possible to look into sub-units of the stock with regards to their productivity and exploitation. These results are shown as time series of fishing mortality and recruitment for each sub-unit., JRC.E.6-Demography, Migration and Governance

This study describes fisheries, stock status, ICES advice and management measures for the Northern and Southern sardine stocks in EU Atlantic waters. Information on sardine biology and ecology is provided for a better understanding of stock development. Social and economic dimensions are addressed for sardine fisheries in France, Spain and Portugal. The study provides recommendations to improve knowledge on the species and indicates management measures which might be considered for the sustainability of the fisheries.

L’étude présentée est une analyse des informations recueillies en 2011 dans le cadre du programme Obsmer en Manche Est (Division CIEM VIId) et mer du Nord (Zone IV), ainsi qu’en mer Celtique sur les chalutiers de fond. Elle complète le précédent document (juin 2011) qui présentait l’analyse des observations des captures 2009-2010 en mer du Nord – Manche Est. Ce document étend l’analyse à la pêcherie française de mer Celtique.

Ce document présente l'état des principaux stocks exploités par les flottes françaises en termes de mortalité par pêche et de biomasse de reproducteurs. La situation fin 2010 (début 2011) par rapport aux points de référence (de précaution et Fmsy) est indiqué lorsque les indicateurs sont estimés et que les références sont définies. Les grandes tendances en matière d'évolution des mortalités et biomasses sont également indiquées.

A database of tallybooks, from skippers' own logbooks, provided by the French industry involved in deep-water fishing to the west of the British Isles was used to standardise blue ling Landings per Unit of Effort (LPUEs). The data covered the years 1992-2008 with more extensive data for the period 2000-2007. For each haul, landings by species, tow duration, depth and location were reported. Compared to EU logbooks, this database is on a haul by haul basis instead of being aggregated by fishing sub-trips combining hauls from the same day, ICES rectangle and gear. Moreover, it includes depth, which is a major factor for catch rates in deepwater fisheries. LPUEs were estimated from Generalised Additive Models (GAMs) with depth, vessel, statistical rectangle and zone by year as explanatory variables. Owing to the statistical distribution of landings rates, landings were modelled by a Tweedie distribution, which is a compound Poisson distribution and allows to handle data with many zeros, as it is typical for catch data. In order to investigate how to reliably track stock trends, LPUEs were estimated in five regions for different subsets including or not the spawning season, when blue ling aggregates, or considering tows where blue ling was only a bycatch. The results based on the tallybook data indicated that blue ling LPUEs have been mainly stable over the past decade. This is consistent with stable mean length in the landings. Haul by haul data are suitable to derive abundance indices for deep-water fisheries assessment.

We present a series of exploratory stock assessments for roundnose grenadier (Coryphaenoides rupestris) from estimates of catch data based on information and assumption of discards and landing statistics. It is a common practice to consider landings data as a substitute of catch data to perform stock assessments. When a significant portion of the catch is discarded, this assumption is likely to be misleading as assessment methods will provide underestimated stock size., Une série d'évaluations de stock exploratoires pour le grenadier de roche (Coryphaenoides rupestris) a été réalisée à partir d'estimations de capture basées sur l'évaluation des rejets et sur les statistiques des débarquements. Pour les évaluations de stock, il est courant de considérer que les données des débarquements correspondent aux données des captures. Mais lorsqu'une portion significative de la capture est rejetée, il est alors fort probable que les méthodes de travail donneront des résultats faussés et que la taille du stock sera sous-estimée.