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As bats adapt to anthropogenic environmental change they increasingly interact with humans and inhabit human infrastructure. This article addresses the challenge of learning to live with synanthropic bats. Building on ideas from multispecies studies, we explore the practices and accommodations that coproduce meaningful human-bat cohabitation in domestic space. Drawing on qualitative research conducted in the Netherlands, we find that domestic space is remade in small but significant ways in response to bats. The aim of our interviewees is to ensure minimal interference between human and bat domestic geographies: intimacy can be spatialized at the domestic scale but is best done in ways that maintain degrees of tolerance. Rather than help bats in general, much care-work centres around supporting the inter-generational reproductive work of bats.This sequential sense of ethical time certainly shifts conservation from a done to mode, and recasts home-dwellers as participants in the story of bat survival and intergenerational nourishment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Résumé: L'auteur présente une expérimentation par vignettes sur les préférences des travailleurs en matière de formation aux Pays‐Bas. S'appuyant sur la théorie du capital humain, la théorie du signal et la thèse de la «nouvelle relation d'emploi», il postule que ces préférences dépendent du type de compétences ciblées par la formation et du type de contrat de travail. Ses résultats confirment cette hypothèse et indiquent que les salariés permanents ont certes une préférence relative plus forte pour l'acquisition de compétences spécifiques à une organisation que les travailleurs temporaires ‐ qui privilégient l'enrichissement de leurs compétences générales ‐, mais que les travailleurs dans leur ensemble préfèrent la formation ciblant les compétences générales. L'article révèle aussi que les travailleurs temporaires se forment moins qu'ils le souhaiteraient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les lois ouvrant au droit d'obtenir une aide active à mourir concernent initialement des personnes atteintes d'affections incurables entraînant des souffrances insupportables et engageant le pronostic vital à court ou à moyen terme. Mais ces lois sont toujours suivies de propositions et de débats visant à étendre les indications de l'euthanasie ou du suicide assisté aux affections incurables, même si elles n'engagent pas le pronostic vital sitôt qu'elles entraînent des souffrances insupportables. Et c'est ainsi que certains pays acceptent que des maladies psychiatriques déclarées incurables constituent des indications permettant d'accéder à une aide active à mourir. C'est ainsi qu'en Belgique, aux Pays-Bas, la presse a rapporté le parcours de personnes dépressives ou atteintes de stress post-traumatique qui ont été euthanasiées au terme d'un parcours qui vise à recueillir deux avis psychiatriques déclarant leur affection incurable sans qu'il s'agisse d'une réflexion collégiale sur le diagnostic et sur les programmes thérapeutiques mis en œuvre. Dépression et stress post-traumatique ne représentent toutefois en Belgique que moins de la moitié des indications d'euthanasie pour maladie psychiatrique. Restent les malades étiquetés psychotiques et les troubles mal définis de la personnalité et du comportement. Les indications psychiatriques de l'euthanasie engagent des interrogations éthiques qui leur sont spécifiques. Comment ne pas souligner l'incertitude et la complexité du diagnostic qui ne peut pas en règle être étayé par l'imagerie ou la biologie ? Comment comprendre que des indications d'euthanasie soient acceptées pour des malades chez lesquels plusieurs diagnostics psychiatriques ont été posés ? D'un bout à l'autre de la procédure, le problème est de recueillir les avis de deux psychiatres déclarant que les troubles sont incurables, que les souffrances sont intolérables et que les capacités de discernement des malades sont préservées. La décision procède ainsi d'un paternalisme libertarien convaincu de la dimension humaniste de l'aide active à mourir et qui réalise une incitation (nudge) dont l'objectif, fixé par la loi, est seulement de savoir si les souffrances sont incurables, sans remettre en question le diagnostic et les programmes thérapeutiques. Comment affirmer qu'une maladie mentale est incurable ? Comment distinguer le dégoût de la vie de la personne déprimée et la souffrance dite existentielle ? Comment concilier la prévention du suicide en cas de dépression et d'isolement social et en même temps encourager le suicide assisté ou l'euthanasie de ces mêmes personnes. Quels sont les critères qui permettraient de vérifier que les capacités de discernement sont préservées ? Le danger n'est-il pas, au nom d'un acharnement autonomique, de déclarer qu'une personne est autonome alors qu'elle est soumise à l'hétéronomie d'une dépression, d'un délire, de troubles obsessionnels ? Le monde de la psychiatrie ne peut pas éluder de tels questionnements éthiques. Ainsi, la Société américaine de psychiatrie a estimé qu'un « psychiatre ne doit pas prescrire ou administrer tout produit ayant pour but de provoquer la mort d'une personne malade qui n'est pas en phase terminale ». D'autres associations psychiatriques ont des positions hésitantes. Le débat doit être ouvert. Il doit concerner celles et ceux qui traitent, soignent et accompagnent ces personnes de tous âges dont la santé mentale est souffrante. Il doit, au-delà, concerner chaque citoyenne, chaque citoyen. Laws granting the right to obtain active assistance in dying initially concern people suffering from incurable illnesses that cause unbearable suffering and are life-threatening in the short to medium term. But these laws are always followed by proposals and debates aimed at extending the indications for euthanasia or assisted suicide to incurable conditions, even if they are not life-threatening, as soon as they cause unbearable suffering. And so it is that some countries accept psychiatric illnesses that are declared incurable as indications for access to active assistance in dying. In Belgium and the Netherlands, for example, the press has reported on cases of people suffering from depression or post-traumatic stress disorder who have been euthanized at the end of an authorization process that involves two psychiatric opinions declaring their condition incurable, without any collegial reflection on the diagnosis or the therapeutic programs implemented. Depression and post-traumatic stress disorder, however, account for less than half of all indications for euthanasia for psychiatric illness in Belgium. That leaves us with patients labelled psychotic and with ill-defined personality and behaviour disorders. Psychiatric indications for euthanasia raise their own specific ethical issues. How can we fail to underline the uncertainty and complexity of the diagnosis, which cannot, as a rule, be supported by imaging or biology? How can we understand that indications for euthanasia are accepted for patients with several psychiatric diagnoses? From one end of the procedure to the other, the problem is to obtain the opinions of two psychiatrists declaring that the disorders are incurable, that the suffering is intolerable and that the patient's capacity for discernment is intact. The decision thus stems from a libertarian paternalism convinced of the humanist dimension of active aid in dying, and which results in an incentive (nudge) whose aim, set by the law, is only to know whether the suffering is incurable, without calling into question the diagnosis and therapeutic programs. How can we say that a mental illness is incurable? How can we distinguish between a depressed person's disgust with life and so-called existential suffering? How can we reconcile preventing suicide in cases of depression and social isolation, while at the same time encouraging assisted suicide or euthanasia for the same people? What are the criteria for verifying that the capacity for discernment has been preserved? Is there not a danger, in the name of autonomic relentlessness, of declaring that a person is autonomous when in fact he or she is subject to the heteronomy of depression, delirium or obsessive disorders? The world of psychiatry cannot avoid such questions. The American Psychiatric Association, for example, has adopted the position on medical euthanasia holding that "a psychiatrist should not prescribe or administer any intervention to a non-terminally ill person for the purpose of causing death". Other psychiatric associations have hesitant positions. The debate must be opened. It must involve all those who treat, care for and support people of all ages whose mental health is suffering. It must also concern every citizen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Public libraries are more than information providers; they increasingly serve as key social infrastructures. Financial pressures, decreasing membership and digitalisation require libraries to reinvent themselves as primarily spaces of an encounter. This paper focuses on the retooling of small public libraries in the Netherlands as social infrastructure and the formal and informal library practices ('infrastructuring') that are required for the library to function as space of encounter. The paper reports on an in-depth, single-case study based on 15 years of volunteering, participant observations, repeated interviews with staff and informal conversations with patrons. By examining the multi-purposed features of a single site, we illustrate how the library, as an exemplary public space, is being retooled by both staff and patrons. While encounters mostly seem to occur within rather than between groups, there are many meaningful acts of kindness between different people. Though the library is undeniably a social infrastructure, the paper also shows how difficult it is to document, let alone practice this social function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For the public employment services of many Member countries of the Organisation for Economic Co‐operation and Development, the importance of using profiling tools for job seekers is increasing rapidly in importance. With this trend, there is also widening concern about the risks of an over reliance on such tools. Part of the concern lies with a lack of transparency concerning how such tools work. This article aims to address this by offering a detailed investigation of the Work Profiler – the instrument used in the Netherlands by the Institute for Employee Benefits (Uitvoeringsinstituut Werknemersverzekeringen – UWV) to predict re‐employment success and provide a diagnosis of key factors hindering job seekers' return to work. Professionals use these insights to deepen their understanding of the situation of job seekers and decide together with job seekers how to support their return to work. UWV decided to maintain and revise the Work Profiler through a large‐scale study involving a sample of 53,238 people. Work Profiler 1.0 was developed in 2007–2010 and has been in use on a regional basis since 2011 and nationwide since 2015. This article explains how the new tool (version 2.0; implemented in 2018) works and, most importantly, demonstrates the choices made to ensure that it functions well and is used effectively by professionals. These latter two aspects are rarely discussed in the literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A brief life of Georg Sobotka, the doctoral student of Julius Schlosser afterwards employed at the Berlin museums mentioned in Karl Johns’ article on ‘The young Hans Sedlmayr’. In addition: a bibliography and translations of three reviews: Wilhelm Rolfs, Geschichte der Malerei Neapels; Giuseppe Ceci, Saggio di una bibliografia per la storia delle arti figurative nell’Italia meridionale; Henry Rousseau, La Sculpture aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles.

Cet article examine la politique, les notions et les actions du care qui ont caractérisé l'État chinois transnational pendant la pandémie de Covid-19. S'appuyant sur une analyse des politiques et des médias, des observations participantes et des entretiens qualitatifs auprès de 21 Chinois résidant aux Pays-Bas, il identifie trois réseaux du care: de la diaspora vers la Chine, de la Chine vers la diaspora et de la Chine vers le monde. Les résultats illustrent la façon dont la pandémie a fourni une tribune où les liens émotionnels, le patriotisme et la responsabilité morale ont été exprimés, cultivés et contestés. Ces éléments engendrent, à leur tour, des conséquences sur le programme économique et politique de l'État chinois transnational. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aging populations in Western Europe are increasingly culturally diverse, which raises the question how current care landscapes can meet differentiated care needs. Our study focuses on one possible response: culturally-specific day-care centres for older migrants. By drawing upon practice theory, the paper explores the potential of such centres to shape and be shaped by practices in the wider care landscape. Extensive participant observation and interviews with older clients, managers and professionals, allowed us to zoom in on the 'doing of care' in culturally-specific day-care centres in Nijmegen, the Netherlands. To zoom out on the wider care landscape, we conducted interviews with municipal policy advisors and a day-care coordinator, and engaged in further participant organisation in city-wide events on older migrants and cultural diversity. We find that culturally-specific day-care centres offer staff the opportunity to transform the practice of care. The day-care centres become spaces of interpretation and translation, through which staff connects their clients to other actors in the landscape, such as the municipality and other care providers. Although interpretations and negotiations within culturally-specific care spaces create some creative tension, these spaces potentially increase the responsiveness to cultural diversity of care practices in the care landscape of Nijmegen. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this article, we analyze headscarf debates that unfolded in the first decade of the twenty-first century in France, the Netherlands, and Germany. Through a socio-historical overview looking at newspaper articles and policy and legal documents, we show how the headscarf has become a site for negotiating immigrant-related, postcolonial difference. We argue that certain feminist understanding of gender liberation and postcolonial difference in the headscarf debates reveal the continuity of control mechanisms from the colonial to the postcolonial era. We highlight the possibilities for decolonial thought and practice by centering the situatedness of headscarf. This allows us to show how Muslim citizens are active participants in producing contemporary Western European histories even as some of their practices face overt rejection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Kiki Coumans est actuellement un des traducteurs de littérature française les plus en vue aux Pays-Bas. Par ses multiples traductions et ses essais, elle s’est constituée en médiatrice du roman et de la poésie moderne et contemporaine, avec une préférence pour les textes stylistiquement exigeants et parfois expérimentaux. Parallèlement à son travail de traductrice, elle a déployé une intense activité d’essayiste, où elle éclaire les œuvres traduites et justifie ses choix de traducteur en les comparant à ceux d’autres traducteurs. Comment son œuvre de traductrice s’est-elle construite au fil des années ? Quel a été son itinéraire de traductrice ? De quelle manière a-t-elle pu se positionner dans le champ de la traduction littéraire aux Pays-Bas ? Dans cet entretien exclusif, Kiki Coumans nous parle également de ses aventures dans les archives et de la valeur ajoutée des manuscrits d’écrivains, pour la traduction littéraire.

Philippe Noble est traducteur littéraire. On lui doit notamment la traduction d’œuvres d’Etty Hillesum, Harry Mulisch et Cees Nooteboom. Après avoir mené une carrière à l’Université, Philippe Noble s’est engagé au service des Affaires étrangères et de la diplomatie culturelle – il a été conseiller culturel à La Haye (2000-2004) et à Vienne (2008-2011), directeur de la Maison Descartes et du Réseau franco-néerlandais. Il est aussi directeur de la collection « lettres néerlandaises » chez Actes Sud. Nous nous sommes entretenus avec lui à propos de son travail de « médiateur culturel » entre la France et les Pays-Bas. L’entretien est suivi d’une bibliographie com­plète des traductions réali­sées par Philippe Noble.

In the Netherlands, the social security rights of platform workers have still not been formally defined. At present, the level of social security protection accorded to all workers is derived directly from the labour law qualification. In the continuing absence in the Netherlands of specific legislation for platform workers, specifically as regards labour law and social security law, the existing legislation is steering. This means that the platform worker is either included using the status of employee with the corresponding extensive protection package, or the status of self‐employed with limited social protection. For the majority of platform workers, this second option is applied to date. Nevertheless, recent developments point to possible improvements in the social security position of platform workers in the Netherlands. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé: La relation de travail Ṣtypiqueṣ perd du terrain aujourd'hui. Les jeunes sont particulièrement touchés par cette évolution. Dans ce contexte, les auteures examinent dans le détail le parcours d'insertion des générations arrivées sur le marché du travail des Pays‐Bas entre 1985 et 2014, en procédant sur le modèle de l'analyse séquentielle des parcours de vie. Avec deux indicateurs spécifiques (niveau d'entropie et de turbulence), elles montrent que la trajectoire des cohortes qui s'insèrent après 2000, notamment en 2008, est effectivement plus accidentée, et ce malgré la politique de flexisécurité à l'honneur dans le pays. Les transitions vers l'emploi stable sont l'exception plutôt que la règle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The large increase in Eastern European migrants entering the Dutch labour market has led to concerns about their potential claim on Dutch unemployment benefits. We use a decomposition analysis to investigate differences in uptake of unemployment benefits between migrants and native Dutch employees by analysing register data for all employees in the Netherlands in 2015. The results show that Eastern European migrants, similar to other migrants, receive unemployment benefit more often than native Dutch employees. This difference can be largely ascribed to job characteristics. The inclusion of unemployment risk in the analysis reveals that non‐working migrants are much less likely to receive unemployment benefits than Dutch natives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article offers a comparative study of everyday sexual ethics among Dutch Sunni Muslim and evangelical Christian young adults, both those born into religious families and those converted later in life. In European public debates, the sexual values of observant Christians and – especially – observant Muslims, are commonly understood to deviate from progressive norms. Particularly for Muslims, this has become a ground for questioning their belonging to the moral nation. Our ethnographic analysis complicates these conventional representations, which are partly reflected in quantitative survey research. We argue that the sexual ethics of the young Muslims and Christians we studied are multi-layered, situational, and dialogical. Discussing the convergences and divergences between these groups, we point to a paradox: while Muslims tend to be set apart as sexually 'other', the young Christians we worked with – and to a lesser extent the converted Muslims – put strikingly more effort into distinguishing themselves from, and criticising, dominant sexual norms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Current understandings of sexualized spaces do not encompass bisexuality. In response, I use Schatzki's theory of practice to identify bisexual practices and bisexual spaces. On the basis of 31 interviews with bisexual people (18–35 years old) in Rotterdam and Amsterdam, both located in the Netherlands, I contend that creating bisexual displays is difficult for both bisexuals and others as understandings of bisexual doings, behaviour and actions are lacking. Furthermore, bisexual participants find it often not appropriate or relevant to disclose their bisexuality in everyday practices as teleoaffective structures of everyday practices often render sex, sexuality and relationships irrelevant. Nevertheless, people do disclose their bisexuality in conversations when they feel that it is appropriate and serves a purpose and therefore create spaces with a bisexual appearance. This conceptualization of bisexual spaces as based on bisexual appearances emphasizes the temporal and local character of these sexual(ized) spaces. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article analyses the ways in which young people with a migration background develop their own transnational engagement with their or their parents' country of origin. Drawing on 17-months of multi-sited ethnographic fieldwork in the Netherlands and Ghana, we add to the emerging literature on 'return' mobilities by analysing young people of Ghanaian background, irrespective of whether they or their parents migrated, and by looking at an under-researched form of mobility that they engage in: that of attending funerals in Ghana. Funerals occupy a central role in Ghanaian society, and thus allow young people to gain knowledge about cultural practices, both by observing and embodying them, and develop their relationships with people in Ghana. Rather than reproducing their parents' transnational attachments, young people recreate these according to their own needs, which involves dealing with tensions. Peer relationships—which have largely gone unnoticed in transnational migration studies—play a significant role in this process. Résumé: Cet article étudie les manières dont des jeunes issus de l' immigration développent leur propre engagement transnational avec leur pays d' origine ou celui de leur parents. À partir d' une enquête ethnographique multi-située de seize mois entre les Pays-Bas et le Ghana, cet article contribue à une littérature émergente sur les mobilités « de retour » des jeunes de la première et seconde génération en analysant une forme inexplorée de mobilité dans laquelle les jeunes d' origine ghanéenne s' engagent : la célébration de funérailles au Ghana. Ces funérailles, qui occupent une place centrale dans la société ghanéenne, permettent aux jeunes d' acquérir des connaissances sur les pratiques culturelles du pays—tant en les observant qu' en les incorporant—et de développer leur réseau de relations sur place. L' enquête révèle que ces jeunes ne cherchent pas à reproduire les attachements transnationaux de leurs parents ; ils les recréent plutôt selon leurs propres besoins, générant des tensions. Les relations avec les pairs, qui ont été largement négligées dans l' étude transnationale des migrations, jouent un rôle significatif dans ce processus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates precarious workers’ organising by considering the case of freelancers, a category between the self-employed – usually represented by employer organisations – and employees – whose interests are traditionally defended by trade unions. Drawing on a 6-month ethnography conducted in the Netherlands within two freelancer associations, our study shows their capacity to exercise collective forms of ‘critical agency’ – on the one hand, by questioning their established practices and seeking to innovate their repertoire, and on the other, by staging protest actions, despite the long Dutch tradition of consensus-based social dialogue. The aim of the article is twofold. First, it contributes to the debate on precarious workers’ organising by considering freelancers as agentic subjects, whose collective identity and organising practices shape and are shaped not only by the socio-institutional context, but also by the type of relationships they create and in which they are embedded. Second, by focusing on collective everyday practices as fields of production of the new, it illustrates diverse forms of critical agency exercised by freelancers, thus offering an empirical contribution to the understanding of critical agency in its making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The COVID-19 pandemic has taken a devastating toll on long-term care (LTC) residents, families, and staff. In an effort to keep residents safe from COVID-19, public health measures were implemented early in the pandemic to restrict visitation with residents in many countries, with subsequent adjustments made over the course of the pandemic. It is critical to understand the implementation process and how restrictions on visitations have impacted residents, families, and staff. This research note shares a summary of research interviews conducted with key informants in British Columbia (Canada), England (United Kingdom), and The Netherlands on the implementation of visitation programs in the COVID-19 context. It highlights leading practices and key challenges from these jurisdictions.

Cet article traite du paysage culturel maritime autrefois recouvert par le Zuiderzee (1170–1932 apr. J.-C.) au centre des Pays-Bas. Depuis l'assèchement à grande échelle des terres gagnées sur la mer (1932–1968), de nombreux vestiges ont révélé une culture maritime submergée et érodée sous forme d'îles disparues, d'habitats submergés, d'anciens terroirs, d'épaves et de réseaux socio-économiques évanouis. Le secteur nord-est de cette région en particulier, connu sous le nom de Noordoostpolder, témoigne des luttes que les Néerlandais ont mené contre la mer. L'examen des données physiques et autres provenant de cette région permet de donner une idée de cet espace culturel maritime à la fin du Moyen Age en comparant la répartition et de la densité des vestiges aux données livrées par les documents historiques et aux résultats de la télédétection. Cette approche interdisciplinaire a mené à la découverte d'un habitat submergé à Fenehuysen. Translation by Madeleine Hummler [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The past decades have seen an intensification of debate around migrants, gender and sexuality. For the Netherlands, several authors have pointed out how this has given rise to a form of sexual nationalism whereby the idea of being a modern, progressive country is strongly linked to a program of liberal sexual values and offset against a presumably 'backward' migrant who is 'still' religious and traditional. In this article, the author analyses how these dynamics played out in the controversy around HIV-healings or homo healings supposedly taking place in Pentecostal churches in Amsterdam. Media attention highlighted the theme of homosexuality while forgetting the interests of women. This article shows that the sexual nationalism scheme was also operative here, and proposes further developing existing approaches as intersectional 'post-secularist' sociological perspectives aimed at unearthing the ways narratives of modernity, secularization and sexual nationalism structure attitudes towards migrant and religious actors both in social scientific research agendas and among societal actors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In consideration of Richard Daniel's alarmed discourse found in the text accompanying his map of the English empire in America (1679), one must investigate the supposedly offending French, English, and Dutch maps of the second half of the seventeenth century for North America and, in particular, the region of the Atlantic coastline and the rhetorical devices of possession found on or in these geographical works. In addition to looking at territorial boundaries, one should also make note of armorial bearings, ships with naval ensigns, toponyms and their placement on the territory, dedicatory cartouches, legends with geographical or historical information, native scenes, and symbols for settlement. In addition to attention to possible constraints on or from the map trade, one must consider the correspondence between colonial officials and their respective governments regarding boundaries, encroachment, sovereignty, or the need for maps with a particular focus on the North American coastline. This correspondence reflects the state's point of view, which in turn was often manifested on maps and in geographical works. Interestingly intertwined with this outspoken sense of rightful possession were the contemporary claims from some quarters that the cartographic enterprise of the late seventeenth century now embraced an empirical approach, as well as the seemingly opposing thread of the economic realities of the print trade, which often used old copper plates with little to no cartographic revision, so that long after political, economic, or military actions resulted in an "adjustment" in possession, printed maps, atlases, and other geographical works still reflected earlier circumstances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In our study, we adopt a comparative-longitudinal perspective on the gender division of housework before and after the birth of the first child, exploiting the first two waves of the Gender and Generation Survey and comparing three countries belonging to different gender and welfare regimes (i.e. Bulgaria, France and the Netherlands). We find that childrearing everywhere triggers a re-traditionalisation, generating a more inegalitarian gender division of housework, yet with interesting differences across countries. Fixed-effect regression analyses of the pooled data show that changes when becoming parents are less pronounced in France with respect to Bulgaria and the Netherlands, more pronounced when she is low-educated. Moreover, when countries are analysed separately, it emerges that it is only in the Netherlands that traditionalisation around first childbirth is significantly lower in couples where the woman is middle- and high-educated compared to those where she is low-educated. Economic, cultural and institutional contexts do matter. Traditionalisation and within-couples polarisation is weaker in contexts where non-traditional attitudes are widespread, social policies are more defamilialising and more explicitly addressed also to men, and where part-time is not the main reconciliation strategy, as in France. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While Canada has experienced a long and successful history of encouraging social participation and community activity through its grantmaking foundation sector, this article argues that Canada’s historic and present-day regulatory restrictions have limited the extent to which its foundation sector has been allowed to innovate and flourish. To exemplify the types of tractable regulatory schemes that have allowed grantmaking foundation sectors in comparative contexts to prosper, the evolution of the grantmaking foundation sectors in Sweden, Germany, and the Netherlands is examined within the context of social origins theory. One important contribution of this article is to compare their regulatory frameworks to the Canadian context. It concludes with lessons learned for the Canadian grantmaking foundation sector and for public officials to consider. Bien que le secteur des fondations subventionnaires au Canada ait connu une longue histoire de réussites dans l’encouragement de la participation sociale et de l’activité communautaire, cet article soutient qu’une réglementation restrictive autant dans le passé qu’au présent a limité l’innovation et l’épanouissement dans le secteur. Afin de montrer comment une réglementation plus souple pourrait permettre aux fondations canadiennes de prospérer davantage, cet article recourt à la théorie des origines sociales pour examiner le secteur en Suède, en Allemagne et aux Pays-Bas. Une contribution importante de cet article consiste ainsi à comparer les contextes réglementaires dans ces pays à celui du Canada. En conclusion, il fait des recommandations pour les fondations subventionnaires et le secteur public canadiens.

Les plantes aquatiques invasives connaissent une expansion grandissante en Europe et les Pays-Bas ne sont pas épargnés. À travers les exemples d'expérimentations sur deux espèces invasives, Cabomba caroliniana et Ludwigia peploides, il est intéressant de voir comment les institutions locales envisagent le problème et comment s'organise la gestion des proliférations.

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