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5. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1–6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J. E., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy J., Obligado, A., Rossetto, C. J., Ribeiro, I. J. A., Gallo, P. B., Soares, N. B., Sabino, J. C., Martins, A. L. M., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R. C., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M. J., Johnson, G. I., Joyce, D. C., Irwin, J. A. G., Saaiman, W. C., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L. M., Cooke, A. W., Dean, J. R., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M. C. C., Bautista, M. L., Artes, L. A., Bacalangco, N. S., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D. P., Masalkar, S. D., Gaikwad, R. S., Damame, S. V., Bally, Ian S. E., O’Hare, Tim J., Holmes, Rowland J., Atabekov, J. G., Fauquet, Claude M., Tomori, O., Nuss, D. L., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B. D., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J. F., van Rossum, C. M. A., Garcia, M. L., van der Vossen, E. A. G., Reusken, Chantal B. E. M., Canto, T. R., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M. J., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria A., Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter D., Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef J., Proll, D. F., Guyatt, K. J., Davidson, A. D., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C. M., Thomson, M., Roland, K. E., Dawson, W. O., Bao, Y., Carter, S. A., Nelson, R. S., Derrick, P. M., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J. K., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri G., Malkin, Alexander J., Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K. I., Dorokhov, Y. L., Kim, C. H., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A. I., Serra, M. T., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Covey, S. N., Richert-Pöggeler, K. R., Shepherd, R. J., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E. K., El Afifi, Soheir I., Abo El Nasr, M. A., Abd El Ghaffar, M. H., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K. E., Hampton, R. O., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S. S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M. Y. D., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob W., van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K. M., Spall, V. E., Lomonossoff, G. P., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A. G., Zelenina, D. A., Savenkov, E. I., Grdzelishvili, V. Z., Morozov, S. Y., Jansen, K. A. J., Wolfs, C. J. A. M., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B. J. M., Stein-Margolina, V. A., Hsu, Y. H., Chang, B. Y., Lin, N. S., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David C., English, David J., Müller, E., Baulcombe, D. C., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J. P. T., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y. C., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W. P., Moyer, J. W., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G. A., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M. R., Ding, X. S., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour G., Dugdale, B., Beetham, P. R., Harding, R. M., Dale, J. L., Qiu, G., Shaw, J. G., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J. M., Sánchez-Pina, M. A., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J. J., Barón, M., Owens, R. A., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R. W., Riesner, D., Schröder, A. R. W., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H. L., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H. J., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J. M., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R. G., Webb, D. R., Symons, R. H., El-Dougdoug, K. A., Abo-Zeid, A. A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J. C. C., Flores, R., d’Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J. A., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., Dale, J., d’Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Bateson, M. F., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A. J., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H. G., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M. T., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G. G. F., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn S., Gambley, Cherie F., Smith, Grant R., Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N. A., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M. J., Blaine, L. D., Naik, P. S., Sonone, A. B., Kolaskar, A. S., Sgro, J. Y., Palmenberg, A. C., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J. J., Alonso, J. L., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T. T., Gachechiladze, K. K., Adamia, R. S., Balardshishvili, N. S., Chanishvili, T. G., Krüger, D. H., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos A., RodrCarlos, C. M., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin W., Scott, S. W., Shiel, P. J., Berger, P. H., Aleman, M. E., Beachy, R. N., Fauquet, C. M., Salm, S. N., Rybicki, E. P., Rey, M. E. C., Briddon, R. W., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A. A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian M., Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G. P., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M. R., Johnson, A. J., Takida, S., Thompson, M. C., Omer, H. M. K., Omer, O. L. M., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R. H., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K. L., Abou Haidar, M. G., and Meng, A. X. X.

Published
1997
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8. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1-6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy, Obligado, A., Rossetto, C., Ribeiro, I., Gallo, P., Soares, N., Sabino, J., Martins, A., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M., Johnson, G., Joyce, D., Irwin, J., Saaiman, W., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L., Cooke, A., Dean, J., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M., Bautista, M., Bacalangco, N., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D., Masalkar, S., Gaikwad, R., Damame, S., Bally, Ian, O'Hare, Tim, Holmes, Rowland, Atabekov, J., Fauquet, Claude, Tomori, O., Nuss, D., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J., van Rossum, C., Garcia, M., van der Vossen, E., Reusken, Chantal, Canto, T., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria, Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter, Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef, Proll, D., Guyatt, K., Davidson, A., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C., Thomson, M., Roland, K., Dawson, W., Bao, Y., Carter, S., Nelson, R., Derrick, P., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri, Malkin, Alexander, Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K., Dorokhov, Y., Kim, C., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A., Serra, M., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Richert-Pöggeler, K., Shepherd, R., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E., El Afifi, Soheir, Abo El Nasr, M., Abd El Ghaffar, M., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K., Hampton, R., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob, van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A., Zelenina, D., Savenkov, E., Grdzelishvili, V., Morozov, S., Jansen, K., Wolfs, C., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B., Stein-Margolina, V., Hsu, Y., Chang, B., Lin, N., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David, English, David, Müller, E., Baulcombe, D., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W., Moyer, J., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M., Ding, X., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour, Dugdale, B., Beetham, P., Harding, R., Dale, J., Qiu, G., Shaw, J., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J., Sánchez-Pina, M., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J., Barón, M., Owens, R., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R., Riesner, D., Schröder, A., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R., Webb, D., Symons, R., El-Dougdoug, K., Abo-Zeid, A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J., Flores, R., d'Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., d'Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn, Gambley, Cherie, Smith, Grant, Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M., Blaine, L., Naik, P., Sonone, A., Kolaskar, A., Sgro, J., Palmenberg, A., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J., Alonso, J., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T., Gachechiladze, K., Adamia, R., Balardshishvili, N., Chanishvili, T., Krüger, D., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos, RodrCarlos, C., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin, Scott, S., Shiel, P., Berger, P., Aleman, M., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Salm, S., Rybicki, E., Rey, M., Briddon, R., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian, Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M., Johnson, A., Takida, S., Thompson, M., Omer, H., Omer, O., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K., Abou Haidar, M., and Meng, A.

Published
2018

16. Indexing system for Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in commercial tomato seed lots.

Author

Hadas, R., Pearlsman, M., Gefen, T., Lachman, O., Hadar, E., Sharabany, G., and Antignus, Y.

Abstract

An indexing system for detecting Tomato mosaic virus (ToMV) in commercial tomato seed lots is described. Factors associated with the procedure were analyzed and the following standard two-step working scheme is proposed: (i) mass screening by ELISA for the presence of the virus; (ii) evaluation of virus infectivity within the infested seed lots. A threshold of 10 ng ml−1 was determined for detection of purified ToMV by either ELISA or plant inoculation. Nicotiana tabacum cv. Xanthi NN was found to be a highly sensitive local lesion assay plant for the detection of ToMV. A positive ELISA threshold (1.3 times above the non-specific background) was set for seed samples taken from commercial seed lots by testing the same samples by both ELISA and a bioassay. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2004
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17. A new disease of greenhouse tomatoes in Israel caused by a distinct strain of Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd).

Author

Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Gofman, R., and Bar-Joseph, M.

Abstract

Using the sequential PAGE method for detection of small circular RNA molecules we isolated a viroid from greenhouse-grown tomato plants exhibiting severe stunting in Israel. The viroid was transmitted to tomato and to several other solanaceous plants by graft and mechanical inoculation, but only tomato plants showed symptoms of disease. Cloning and sequencing revealed that the viroid RNA is composed of 363 nucleotides, has 92% identity with the type strain (Ivory Coast strain) of Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd) and 99% identity with the Indonesian strain of this viroid. The experimental host range of TASVd-Is differs significantly from that of the type strain of TASVd. The possible epidemiological consequences leading to TASVd spread in geographically distant areas are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2002
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18. Indexing system forTomato mosaic virus(ToMV) in commercial tomato seed lots

Author

Hadas, R., Pearlsman, M., Gefen, T., Lachman, O., Hadar, E., Sharabany, G., and Antignus, Y.

Abstract

An indexing system for detectingTomato mosaic virus(ToMV) in commercial tomato seed lots is described. Factors associated with the procedure were analyzed and the following standard two-step working scheme is proposed: (i) mass screening by ELISA for the presence of the virus; (ii) evaluation of virus infectivity within the infested seed lots. A threshold of 10 ng ml−1was determined for detection of purified ToMV by either ELISA or plant inoculation.Nicotiana tabacumcv. Xanthi NN was found to be a highly sensitive local lesion assay plant for the detection of ToMV. A positive ELISA threshold (1.3 times above the non-specific background) was set for seed samples taken from commercial seed lots by testing the same samples by both ELISA and a bioassay.

Published
2004
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19. Note: Containment of Cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus (CFMMV) infection through roots by planting into a virus-free intermediating medium.

Author

Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., and Koren, A.

Abstract

Transfer of cucumber plants ( Cucumis sativus L.) from Speedling-type polystyrene trays or polystyrene trays with a vacuum-forming insert, into pots filled with perlite infested with Cucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus (CFMMV), resulted in high disease incidence. However, when the plants were removed from the trays into condensed peat cells or into perlite sleeves, prior to their introduction into the infested medium, infection by the virus was completely prevented. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that tobamovirus invasion into the root cells is via wounds inflicted through the disturbance of the root system during transplanting. Unwounded, newly formed roots that penetrated into the infested medium did not allow invasion by the virus. The use of condensed peat trays as well as perlite sleeves can serve as an efficient means to block soilborne epidemics of tobamoviruses in infested soils. However, this practice should be combined with sanitation of the greenhouse space to eliminate virus transmission via the aboveground parts of the plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2005
Full Text
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20. Note: Containment ofCucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus(CFMMV) infection through roots by planting into a virus-free intermediating medium

Author

Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., and Koren, A.

Abstract

Transfer of cucumber plants (Cucumis sativusL.) from Speedling-type polystyrene trays or polystyrene trays with a vacuum-forming insert, into pots filled with perlite infested withCucumber fruit mottle mosaic virus(CFMMV), resulted in high disease incidence. However, when the plants were removed from the trays into condensed peat cells or into perlite sleeves, prior to their introduction into the infested medium, infection by the virus was completely prevented. Our results strongly support the hypothesis that tobamovirus invasion into the root cells isviawounds inflicted through the disturbance of the root system during transplanting. Unwounded, newly formed roots that penetrated into the infested medium did not allow invasion by the virus. The use of condensed peat trays as well as perlite sleeves can serve as an efficient means to block soilborne epidemics of tobamoviruses in infested soils. However, this practice should be combined with sanitation of the greenhouse space to eliminate virus transmissionviathe aboveground parts of the plants.

Published
2005
Full Text
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21. Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the fifth international Mango Symposium Abstracts of presentations on plant protection issues at the Xth international congress of Virology: September 1-6, 1996 Dan Panorama Hotel, Tel Aviv, Israel August 11-16, 1996 Binyanei haoma, Jerusalem, Israel

Author

Peña, J., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy, Obligado, A., Rossetto, C., Ribeiro, I., Gallo, P., Soares, N., Sabino, J., Martins, A., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M., Johnson, G., Joyce, D., Irwin, J., Saaiman, W., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L., Cooke, A., Dean, J., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M., Bautista, M., Bacalangco, N., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D., Masalkar, S., Gaikwad, R., Damame, S., Bally, Ian, O'Hare, Tim, Holmes, Rowland, Atabekov, J., Fauquet, Claude, Tomori, O., Nuss, D., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J., van Rossum, C., Garcia, M., van der Vossen, E., Reusken, Chantal, Canto, T., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria, Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter, Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef, Proll, D., Guyatt, K., Davidson, A., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C., Thomson, M., Roland, K., Dawson, W., Bao, Y., Carter, S., Nelson, R., Derrick, P., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri, Malkin, Alexander, Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K., Dorokhov, Y., Kim, C., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A., Serra, M., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Richert-Pöggeler, K., Shepherd, R., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E., El Afifi, Soheir, Abo El Nasr, M., Abd El Ghaffar, M., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K., Hampton, R., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob, van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A., Zelenina, D., Savenkov, E., Grdzelishvili, V., Morozov, S., Jansen, K., Wolfs, C., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B., Stein-Margolina, V., Hsu, Y., Chang, B., Lin, N., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David, English, David, Müller, E., Baulcombe, D., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W., Moyer, J., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M., Ding, X., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour, Dugdale, B., Beetham, P., Harding, R., Dale, J., Qiu, G., Shaw, J., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J., Sánchez-Pina, M., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J., Barón, M., Owens, R., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R., Riesner, D., Schröder, A., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R., Webb, D., Symons, R., El-Dougdoug, K., Abo-Zeid, A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J., Flores, R., d'Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., d'Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn, Gambley, Cherie, Smith, Grant, Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M., Blaine, L., Naik, P., Sonone, A., Kolaskar, A., Sgro, J., Palmenberg, A., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J., Alonso, J., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T., Gachechiladze, K., Adamia, R., Balardshishvili, N., Chanishvili, T., Krüger, D., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos, RodrCarlos, C., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin, Scott, S., Shiel, P., Berger, P., Aleman, M., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Salm, S., Rybicki, E., Rey, M., Briddon, R., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian, Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M., Johnson, A., Takida, S., Thompson, M., Omer, H., Omer, O., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K., Abou Haidar, M., Meng, A., Peña, J., Wysoki, M., Singh, Gajendra, Boscán de M., Nancy, Godoy, Freddy, Obligado, A., Rossetto, C., Ribeiro, I., Gallo, P., Soares, N., Sabino, J., Martins, A., Bortoletto, N., Ploetz, R., Benscher, D., Vázquez, Aimé, Colls, A., Nagel, Julianne, Schaffer, B., Pinkas, Y., Maymon, M., Freeman, S., Bostros Bastawros, Mikhail, Gosbee, M., Johnson, G., Joyce, D., Irwin, J., Saaiman, W., Prusky, D., Falik, E., Kobiler, I., Fuchs, Y., Zauberman, G., Pesis, E., Ackerman, M., Roth, I., Weksler, A., Yekutiely, O., Waisblum, A., Keinan, A., Ofek, G., Reved, R., Barak, R., Bel, P., Artes, L., Visarathanonth, N., Xu, Z., Ponce de León, L., Muñoz, C., Pérez, L., Diaz de León, F., Kerbel, C., Esparza, S., Bósquez, E., Trinidad, M., Coates, L., Cooke, A., Dean, J., Lucia Duarte, Ana, Alberto Otto, Paulo, Malavasi, Aldo, Lizado, M., Bautista, M., Bacalangco, N., Farungsang, U., Farungsang, N., Waskar, D., Masalkar, S., Gaikwad, R., Damame, S., Bally, Ian, O'Hare, Tim, Holmes, Rowland, Atabekov, J., Fauquet, Claude, Tomori, O., Nuss, D., Ahlquist, P., Díez, J., Ishikawa, M., Janda, M., Price, B., Restrepo-Hartwig, M., Bol, J., van Rossum, C., Garcia, M., van der Vossen, E., Reusken, Chantal, Canto, T., Gal-On, A., Palukaitis, P., Roossinck, M., Flasinski, S., Restrepo-Hartwig, Maria, Ahlquist, Paul, Smirnyagina, Ekaterina, Lin, Na-Sheng, Nagy, Peter, Figlerowicz, Marek, Bujarski, Jozef, Proll, D., Guyatt, K., Davidson, A., Kim, Kook-Hyung, Miller, Eric, Hemenway, Cynthia, Havelda, Z., Dalmay, T., Burgyán, J., Kearney, C., Thomson, M., Roland, K., Dawson, W., Bao, Y., Carter, S., Nelson, R., Derrick, P., Shun Ding, Xin, Eskarous, J., Sarkar, S., El-Shamy, M., Chen, J., Sako, N., Yuichiro, W., Ohshima, K., Okada, Y., Felden, Brice, Kuznetsov, Yuri, Malkin, Alexander, Greenwood, Aaron, McPherson, Alexander, Ivanov, K., Dorokhov, Y., Kim, C., Sálanki, Katalin, Carrére, Isabelle, Jacquemond, Mireille, Tepfer, Mark, Balazs, Ervin, Sanz, A., Serra, M., García-Luque, I., Revers, F., Candresse, T., LeGall, O., Souche, S., Lot, H., Dunez, J., Cecchini, E., Milner, J., Al-Kaff, N., Covey, S., Gong, Z., Geri, C., Richert-Pöggeler, K., Shepherd, R., Casper, R., Meiri, Eti, Raccah, B., Gera, A., Singer, S., Allam, E., El Afifi, Soheir, Abo El Nasr, M., Abd El Ghaffar, M., Elisabeth Johansen, I., Keller, K., Hampton, R., SÕrensen, Karina, Bishnoi, S., Rishi, Narayan, Gumedzoe, M., Atissime, K., Yedibahoma, S., Wellink, Joan, Verver, Jan, Bertens, Peter, van Lent, Jan, Goldbach, Rob, van Kammen, Ab, Lekkerkerker, Annemarie, Taylor, K., Spall, V., Lomonossoff, G., Yu. Morozov, S., Solovyev, A., Zelenina, D., Savenkov, E., Grdzelishvili, V., Morozov, S., Jansen, K., Wolfs, C., Lohuis, H., Verduin, B., Stein-Margolina, V., Hsu, Y., Chang, B., Lin, N., Pilartz, Marcel, Jeske, Holger, Verchot, Jeanmarie, Baulcombe, David, English, David, Müller, E., Baulcombe, D., Malcuit, Isabelle, Kavanagh, Tony, Valkonen, J., Puurand, Ü., Merits, A., Rabinstein, F., Sorri, O., Saarma, M., Liao, Y., Vaquero-Martin, C., Monecke, M., Rohde, W., Prüfer, D., Fischer, R., Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Cohen, S., Qiu, W., Moyer, J., Feldhoff, A., Kikkert, M., Kormelink, R., Krczal, G., Peters, D., Szittya, György, Burgyán, József, Wvpijewski, K., Paduch-Cichal, E., Rezler, A., Skrzeczkowska, S., Augustyniak, J., Nemchinov, L., Maiss, E., Hadidi, A., Wittner, Anita, Palkovics, László, Balázs, Ervin, Crescenzi, A., Piazzolla, P., Kheyr-Pour, A., Dafalla, G., Lecoq, H., Gronenborn, B., Bauer, U., Laux, I., Hajimorad, M., Ding, X., Flasinski, Stanislaw, Cassidy, Pour, Dugdale, B., Beetham, P., Harding, R., Dale, J., Qiu, G., Shaw, J., Molnár, A., Más, P., Balsalobre, J., Sánchez-Pina, M., Pallás, V., Rahontei, J., López, L., Lázara, J., Barón, M., Owens, R., Steger, G., Hu, Y., Fels, A., Hammond, R., Riesner, D., Schröder, A., Góra, A., Pawlowicz, J., Kierzek, A., Zagorski, W., Baumstark, T., Schiebel, W., Schiebel, R., Axmann, A., Haas, B., Sänger, H., Xicai, Yang, Yin, Yie, Feng, Zhu, Yule, Liu, Liangyi, Kang, Po, Tien, Poliyka, H., Staub, U., Wagner, M., Gross, H., Sano, Teruo, Ishiguro, Akiro, Fayos, J., Garro, R., Bellés, J., Conejero, V., Bonfiglioli, R., Webb, D., Symons, R., El-Dougdoug, K., Abo-Zeid, A., Ambrós, S., Hernandez, C., Desvignes, J., Flores, R., d'Aquilio, M., Lisa, V., Boccardo, G., Vera, A., Daròs, J., Henkel, J., Spieker, R., Higgins, C., Turley, R., Chamberlain, D., Bateson, M., d'Aquino, L., Ragozzino, A., Henderson, J., Chaleeprom, W., Gibbs, A., Graichen, K., Rabenstein, F., Schliephake, E., Smith, H., Stevens, M., Sadowy, E., Hulanicka, D., Wegener, B., Martin, M., Wetzel, T., Cook, G., Kasdorf, G., Pietersen, G., Braithwaite, Kathryn, Gambley, Cherie, Smith, Grant, Druka, Arnis, Villegas, Lucille, Dahal, Ganesh, Hull, Roger, Senchugova, N., Büchen-Osmond, C., Dallwitz, M., Blaine, L., Naik, P., Sonone, A., Kolaskar, A., Sgro, J., Palmenberg, A., Leclerc, Denis, Hohn, Thomas, Moriones, E., Batlle, A., Luis, M., Alvarez, J., Bernal, J., Alonso, J., Spak, J., Kubelkova, D., Kuo, T., Gachechiladze, K., Adamia, R., Balardshishvili, N., Chanishvili, T., Krüger, D., Nagy, Tibor, Élö, Péter, Papp, Péter, Orosz, László, Licis, N., Berzins, V., Sariol-Carbelo, Carlos, RodrCarlos, C., Janzen, D., Ward, Colin, Scott, S., Shiel, P., Berger, P., Aleman, M., Beachy, R., Fauquet, C., Salm, S., Rybicki, E., Rey, M., Briddon, R., Harper, G., Druka, A., Phillips, S., Brunt, A., Hull, R., Hay, Jo, Dasgupta, Indranil, Zaifeng, Fan, Meehan, Brian, Todd, Daniel, Bunk, Hans-Jörk, Grieco, F., Martelli, G., Saldarelli, P., Minafra, A., Morag, A., Mumcuoglu, M., Baybikov, T., Schlesinger, M., Zakay-Rones, Z., Shohat, B., Shohat, M., Miller, M., Shaklay, M., Kalvatchev, Z., Walder, R., Garzaro, D., Barrios, M., Karagöz, Ali, Kuru, Avni, Karim, M., Johnson, A., Takida, S., Thompson, M., Omer, H., Omer, O., Biyiti, L., Amvam, R., Lamaty, G., Bouchet, P., Xu, J., Hefferon, K., Abou Haidar, M., and Meng, A.

22. A New Pathotype of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) Overcomes the L4 Resistance Genotype of Pepper Cultivars.

Author

Antignus, Y., Lachman, O., Pearlsman, M., Maslenin, L., and Rosner, A.

Subjects
*AGRICULTURAL research, *PEPPER diseases & pests, *PLANT resistance to viruses, *PLANT genetics, *PLANT diseases, *CULTIVARS, *GENETIC polymorphisms, *PROTEIN analysis, *DNA polymerases
Abstract

The biological, serological, and molecular characteristics of a newly isolated L4 resistance-breaking isolate of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were studied. The new pathotype of PMMoV is closely related to the Israeli pathotypes P1,2 and P1,2,3 of the virus; however, the mosaic symptoms caused by this new pathotype on pepper plants with an L4 genotype were more severe than the mild mosaic symptoms caused by other common pathotypes of the virus in susceptible plants. The predicted amino acid sequence of the putative coat protein (CP) of the newly described pathotype has two amino acid mismatches when compared with the CP of pathotype P1,2, leucine to glutamine at position 47, and alanine to glycine at position 87. The CP of the new pathotype has one amino acid mismatch when compared with P1,2,3, having alanine instead of glycine at position 87. Based on its biological characteristics, the new pathotype was designated P1,2,3,4 of PMMoV-Is. A method is described for the differentiation among the three PMMoV pathotypes using restriction cleavage analysis of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction products made from virus-infected plants. An additional unique MnlI site in the CP gene of the newly isolated P1,2,3,4 allows its distinction from the other two isolates, while BglI cleaved only products of the P1,2 pathotype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2008
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23. Development of broad virus resistance in non-transgenic cucumber using CRISPR/Cas9 technology.

Author

Chandrasekaran J, Brumin M, Wolf D, Leibman D, Klap C, Pearlsman M, Sherman A, Arazi T, and Gal-On A

Subjects
Base Sequence, Chromosome Segregation genetics, Eukaryotic Initiation Factor-4E genetics, Gene Editing, Genotype, Homozygote, Mutation genetics, Plant Viruses physiology, Plants, Genetically Modified, CRISPR-Cas Systems genetics, Cucumis sativus genetics, Cucumis sativus virology, Disease Resistance genetics, Plant Diseases virology
Abstract

Genome editing in plants has been boosted tremendously by the development of CRISPR/Cas9 (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats) technology. This powerful tool allows substantial improvement in plant traits in addition to those provided by classical breeding. Here, we demonstrate the development of virus resistance in cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) using Cas9/subgenomic RNA (sgRNA) technology to disrupt the function of the recessive eIF4E (eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E) gene. Cas9/sgRNA constructs were targeted to the N' and C' termini of the eIF4E gene. Small deletions and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were observed in the eIF4E gene targeted sites of transformed T1 generation cucumber plants, but not in putative off-target sites. Non-transgenic heterozygous eif4e mutant plants were selected for the production of non-transgenic homozygous T3 generation plants. Homozygous T3 progeny following Cas9/sgRNA that had been targeted to both eif4e sites exhibited immunity to Cucumber vein yellowing virus (Ipomovirus) infection and resistance to the potyviruses Zucchini yellow mosaic virus and Papaya ring spot mosaic virus-W. In contrast, heterozygous mutant and non-mutant plants were highly susceptible to these viruses. For the first time, virus resistance has been developed in cucumber, non-transgenically, not visibly affecting plant development and without long-term backcrossing, via a new technology that can be expected to be applicable to a wide range of crop plants., (© 2016 BSPP and John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)

Published
2016
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24. A New Pathotype of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) Overcomes the L 4 Resistance Genotype of Pepper Cultivars.

Author

Antignus Y, Lachman O, Pearlsman M, Maslenin L, and Rosner A

Abstract

The biological, serological, and molecular characteristics of a newly isolated L 4 resistance-breaking isolate of Pepper mild mottle virus (PMMoV) were studied. The new pathotype of PMMoV is closely related to the Israeli pathotypes P 1,2 and P 1,2,3 of the virus; however, the mosaic symptoms caused by this new pathotype on pepper plants with an L 4 genotype were more severe than the mild mosaic symptoms caused by other common pathotypes of the virus in susceptible plants. The predicted amino acid sequence of the putative coat protein (CP) of the newly described pathotype has two amino acid mismatches when compared with the CP of pathotype P 1,2 , leucine to glutamine at position 47, and alanine to glycine at position 87. The CP of the new pathotype has one amino acid mismatch when compared with P 1,2,3 , having alanine instead of glycine at position 87. Based on its biological characteristics, the new pathotype was designated P 1,2,3,4 of PMMoV-Is. A method is described for the differentiation among the three PMMoV pathotypes using restriction cleavage analysis of reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction products made from virus-infected plants. An additional unique MnlI site in the CP gene of the newly isolated P 1,2,3,4 allows its distinction from the other two isolates, while BglI cleaved only products of the P 1,2 pathotype.

Published
2008
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25. Spread of Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd) in Greenhouse Tomato Crops Is Associated with Seed Transmission and Bumble Bee Activity.

Author

Antignus Y, Lachman O, and Pearlsman M

Abstract

Tomato apical stunt viroid (TASVd) has been reported as a devastating pathogen of greenhouse tomato in Israel. This isolate shares 92 and 99% identity with the Ivory Coast type strain and an Indonesian strain, respectively. No information is available regarding the epidemiology of this viroid complex. The present study indicates that TASVd is not transmitted by the aphid Myzus persicae or the whitefly Bemisia tabaci, nor through root infection in infested soil. However, the results indicate that the viroid may be able to invade the embryonic tissues of the seed and transmission rates through seed may reach 80%. Moreover, it was confirmed that bumble bees (Bombus terrastris) can transmit the viroid from infected tomato source plants to healthy plants. Based on these findings, it is suggested that the primary spread of the viroid in greenhouse tomato plants is by seed transmission, and secondary distribution occurs by the pollination activity of bumble bees.

Published
2007
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26. Transgenic cucumbers harboring the 54-kDa putative gene of Cucumber fruit mottle mosaic tobamovirus are highly resistant to viral infection and protect non-transgenic scions from soil infection.

Author

Gal-On A, Wolf D, Antignus Y, Patlis L, Ryu KH, Min BE, Pearlsman M, Lachman O, Gaba V, Wang Y, Shiboleth YM, Yang J, and Zelcer A

Subjects
Base Sequence, DNA Primers, Mosaic Viruses pathogenicity, Plants, Genetically Modified virology, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Soil Microbiology, Cucumis sativus genetics, Cucumis sativus virology, Mosaic Viruses genetics, Plants, Genetically Modified genetics
Abstract

Cucumber fruit mottle mosaic tobamovirus (CFMMV) causes severe mosaic symptoms and yellow mottling on leaves and fruits and, occasionally, severe wilting of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants. No genetic source of resistance against this virus has been identified in cucumber. The gene coding for the putative 54-kDa replicase gene of CFMMV was cloned into an Agrobacterium tumefaciens binary vector, and transformation was performed on cotyledon explants of a parthenocarpic cucumber cultivar. R1 seedlings were screened for resistance to CFMMV by symptom expression, back inoculation on an alternative host and ELISA. From a total of 14 replicase-containing R1 lines, eight resistant lines were identified. Line 144--homozygous for the putative 54-kDa replicase gene--was immune to CFMMV infection by mechanical and graft inoculation, and to root infection following planting in CFMMV-infested soil. A substantial delay of symptom appearance was observed following infection by three additional cucurbit-infecting tobamoviruses. When used as a rootstock, line I44 protected susceptible cucumber scions from soil infection by CFMMV. This paper is the first report on protection of a susceptible cultivar against a soil-borne viral pathogen, by grafting onto a transgenic rootstock.

Published
2005
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