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The article "Travel as a pedagogical-anthropological path to the development of critical thinking" examines the role of travel in the development of critical thinking skills. The focus is on Rousseau's theory of travel and how physical experiences, intercultural encounters, and cosmopolitan reflections contribute to the development of critical awareness. The article argues against views that associate criticism with a disembodied and universalistic rationality. It emphasizes that criticism can also involve positive emotions. The contribution first develops the concepts of criticism and critical thinking from a pedagogical-anthropological perspective and then introduces Rousseau's theory of travel. Finally, it examines how travel within the field of educational science can contribute to the development of critical thinking skills. [Extracted from the article]

The article fits into the field of anthropology and pedagogical teleology. It identifies three basic anthropological models. The basis for the distinction of the anthropological models described is the category of the ‘inner image’ of the pupil, understood as the deepest truth about the human being; a reality revealed through reflection and at the same time containing elements of mystery, which is why it cannot be unambiguously identified and fully defined but requires an effort to be discovered and then pursued. The three models proposed are as follows: 1. A pedagogy based on the ‘inner image;’ 2. A pedagogy that excludes the ‘inner image;’ 3. A pedagogy of the tacit ‘inner image.’ The theoretical proposals presented are justified by the ideological trends present in pedagogy and their exemplary consequences for educational practice are shown.

The article is dedicated to the memory of Kostiantyn Dmytrovych Ushynskyi (1823-1871), an outstanding Ukrainian teacher-philosopher, founder and developer of the theoretical foundations of education based on the cooperation of pedagogy and psychology (the middle of the 19th century). In general, the purpose of the article is to update the scientific achievements of prominent compatriot. The article’s goal is detailed in such tasks: the assertion of Ukrainianness as the source or origin of K. Ushynskyi’s personality and creativity; the substantiation of the features of his life philosophy, mentality (the priority of the value of the human soul, heartcentred meaning of human being in the comprehension of life; high personal emotionality, but subject to will; love for the native foundations), which total combination nourished the thinker’s ideas about pedagogical anthropology; substantiation of the peculiar intertextuality of the K. Ushynskyi’s book “Man as an object of education. An attempt at pedagogical anthropology” (1868–1869); an attempt to characterize the worldview and philosophical meanings of K. Ushynskyi’s construction of the psychological and pedagogical foundations of the educational process (cultural conformity, nature conformity, activity as the basis of education), which remains not only the historical heritage of Ukrainian humanitarian thought, but also a variant of an anthropologically sharpened worldview landmark for modern educators. It has been established that in the documentary substantiation of K. Ushynskyi’s belonging to Ukrainian culture, the contribution of the modern local historian and teacher V. Terletskyi became the most important. It is shown that the appeals made by K. Ushynskyi to the thoughts, ideas, opinions of numerous European scientists, writers, historical figures, polemics and dialogues with them on the pages of the book ensured the transition to the creation of a text as a stereophonic intersection with other texts. The author of the article tries to substantiate this feature of the book as a kind of intertextuality of the analyzed scientific work.

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This article summarizes classroom research conducted over five years. It analyzes the effect of literary experience on the ethical education and formation (Bildung) of eleventh-grade students. Through the methodology known as lived experience, the study focused on the possible worlds of classic heroism and existentialism as a life-world, approached through a narrative, hermeneutic, and phenomenological lens, within the framework of pedagogical anthropology. The results demonstrated that the didactics of literature can transcend the discursive nature of reading, transforming it into a question of existence. Thus, it is concluded that this literary experience implies for the readers a leap outside of themselves in pursuit of the generality inherent in formation as a potential effect, prompting them to question their identity and decisions in relation to the other and the others represented in fiction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article indicates the basic premises and differentiating contexts that underlie the conceptual specificity of phenomenological pedagogy. In this context, three original positions of phenomenological orientation in Polish pedagogical thought have been presented. In accordance with their specific features, the first position refers to the phenomenological problematization of issues related to pedagogical axiology in a particular way, the second position refers to issues associated with pedagogical teleology, while the third relates to matters connected to pedagogical anthropology. Each of these positions is based on original theoretical solutions that have raised interest and initiated discussion on phenomenological pedagogy in Polish literature, beginning in the 1980s.

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This article is devoted to the study and description of the features of linguistic and ecological discourse in the professional speech activity of a teacher. The problem under consideration is relevant due to the need for a comprehensive study of the linguistic specifics of the speech of participants in the educational process. Establishing the relationship between the goals of communication and the organization of effective learning is the focus of pedagogical anthropology. The stated topic involves addressing the multifactorial aspects of intercultural communication that are relevant for the teacher–student dyad. The purpose of the work is to determine the specifics of linguistic and ecological discourse in the space of pedagogical anthropology. In the linguistic part of the work, when studying factual material, methods of situational analysis of the speech activity of participants in the educational process and quantitative data processing are used. The didactic component of the study is based on the basic principles of pedagogical anthropology, which puts forward certain requirements for the teacher’s speech and allows to identify the conditions for the organization of a safe speech environment. As a result of the conducted research, latent problems of interpersonal relations in the communication process were identified. The criterion apparatus developed in the process of empirical work will allow modeling a comfortable educational space.

Введение. Цивилизационные вызовы к человеку определяют необходимость актуализации гуманистической парадигмы в образовании. Примером поиска путей гуманизации является направление социально-эмоционально-этического обучения, разрабатываемое в университете Эмори в США, в основе которого лежит идея целостного развития человека средствами образования. Цель – выявление особенностей российского образования в реализации гуманистической идеи социально-эмоционального образования человека. Материал и методы. За основу анализа взято понятие «антропологическая традиция» как системная характеристика идей о целостном образовании человека, дающая представление о педагогическом опыте, его сохранении и дальнейшем развитии, начиная от фундаментальных трудов К. Д. Ушинского и заканчивая современными исследованиями: на этапах русской, советской и российской школ. Методом генетического анализа идеи эмоционального развития ребенка в образовании во взаимосвязи с социальным компонентом выделены характеристики двух ее аспектов: эмоционально-социального (психофизиологического) и социально-эмоционального (социокультурного). Результаты и обсуждение. Рассмотрены особенности развития эмоционально-социальной линии в трудах ученых русской школы и выявлена преемственность с этапом советской школы в психологических трудах. Генетический анализ развития социокультурной линии проявил два основных направления во взаимодействии социального и эмоционального компонентов: художественно-эстетическое и социальное наследование культурной традиции России. Изучение эмоционально-социального направления показывает преемственность антропологической традиции: от положений К. Д. Ушинского о необходимости использовать силу эмоций человека в его образовании наряду с интеллектуальной сферой к исследованиям эмоциональной сферы, осуществленным в рамках педологии, и далее к психологическим исследованиям о значении интересов и потребностей человека в его воспитании. В социально-эмоциональном направлении выявлена преемственность эмоционального насыщения социализации детей и подростков в художественно-эстетическом творчестве: от опыта начала прошлого века по организации жизни детских сообществ к современной практике дополнительного образования детей. Выделена также духовная направленность наследования культурных ценностей общества. Заключение. Сделан вывод о необходимости дальнейшего развития опыта соединения эмоционального и социального компонентов в современных условиях, требующих преодоления рисков, связанных с нарастанием кризиса человека и социальной трансформации детства.

On 15 October 2022, 125 years passed from the birth of Juhan Aul (1897-1994), the founder of Estonian anthropology. The article gives a brief overview of the versatile scientist's contribution to the history of science and anthropology. Some aspects that have been particularly emphasized in his works, presentations and manuscripts and the importance of the anthropological data throughout the ages are highlighted. As a further development of the data collected by Juhan Aul, Markus Valge's doctoral thesis was published in the year of his 125th birthday. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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This article examines different concepts underlying Steiner/Waldorf teacher education and how they are put into practice. It explains how teaching understood as an art can be seen as a leitmotif going through an entire course of studies. It elucidates the central role which pedagogical anthropology plays in Steiner/Waldorf teacher education and the specific contribution of Rudolf Steiner’s understanding of Anthroposophy in this context. The prominent role which the study and practice of different arts plays in Steiner/Waldorf teacher education programs is explained and the reasons for the inclusion of artistic practice in teacher education are discussed. The understanding in Steiner/Waldorf teacher education programs of how teacher education is then transformed into a teacher’s classroom practice is examined including its role in providing a basis for a teacher’s pedagogical intuitions.

The bildung's concept is central in pedagogical anthropology because it proposes the formable and transcendent character of man, being a different concept from training and education. The article has considered the different concepts and interpretations developed between 2015-2020. Five trends were identified, understanding that the concept of bildung is not unequivocal because it is assumed from different perspectives and these, in turn, give meaning to the act of self-formation of individuals in relation to their context and culture. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Paulo Freire was deeply influenced by Marxist philosophy both as regards some specific aspects of his thought, both for the civil commitment with which he intended to combat capitalist relations of production, and also for the constant search for practices of human emancipation. In this contribution I will focus on the debt to Marx regarding pedagogical anthropology. The centrality of this question lies in the belief that, in Freire, the point of insertion to pedagogical problems is anthropological. In the first section I focus on how Freire met Marx; in the second I deepen some aspect to highlight the link between the two authors; in conclusion I suggest considering Freirian pedagogy as a Marxist way to go beyond Marx.

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Paulo Freire was deeply influenced by Marxist philosophy both as regards some specific aspects of his thought, both for the civil commitment with which he intended to combat capitalist relations of production, and also for the constant search for practices of human emancipation. In this contribution I will focus on the debt to Marx regarding pedagogical anthropology. The centrality of this question lies in the belief that, in Freire, the point of insertion to pedagogical problems is anthropological. In the first section I focus on how Freire met Marx; in the second I deepen some aspect to highlight the link between the two authors; in conclusion I suggest considering Freirian pedagogy as a Marxist way to go beyond Marx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Based on literary and pedagogical anthropologies, this research article renews the conception of literature such as creation (poiesis) and explores its importance in human education. In this way, it presents a theoretical-formative didactic proposal referred to writing, which has been put into practice in secondary classrooms in three schools in Bogota, Colombia, during three years. According to the analysis of this action research through educational criticism, its value consists of connecting fictionalizing processes with people's formability through the aesthetic unfolding of literary creation. For this reason, this experience becomes an alternative for the reading process and the text commentary as part of the historical development of didactics of literature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For thousands of years the topic of happiness has attracted attention from the representatives of various sciences. However, until now there has been no unity in understanding the essence, sources, and components of happiness. Quite often, the interpretation of the phenomenon of happiness is limited to the analysis of the works of philosophers of antiquity, the European Middle Ages, modern and recent history, and many researchers are in a kind of Eurocentric captivity. Consciously or accidentally, the works of Russian thinkers are often not considered. This hinders the creation of a holistic and more objective picture of such an important aspect of every person’s life. In order to overcome this Eurocentric bias, this study suggests tracing back the main stages of the development of the idea of happiness in Russia from the era of Peter the Great to the present. For this purpose, the authors used the methods of theoretical, comparative, and retrospective analysis. The authors believe that currently the pedagogy of happiness is being actively formed. To educate happy people, teachers should master the art of the pedagogy of happiness.

European theorists of childhood still tend to locate the first positive acknowledgements of childhood as a human developmental period in its own positive right between the 16th and 18th century in Europe. Even though the findings of Ariès have been constantly challenged, it still remains a commonplace, especially within the history of education, to refer to Jean-Jacques Rousseau of the 18th century as one of the earliest and most prominent conceptualisers of childhood as a positive period that must not be evaluated in the light of its distance to adulthood but for its inherent value as an important and unmissable period of human life. Such a view is as unhistorical as it is biased and eurocentred. This article endeavours to shed at least a small light on the history of education and of childhood outwith the usual focus. The central objects of examination are the theoretical treatises of Zeami Motokiyo regarding the Noh theatre which have long been recognised as one of the great cultural achievements of humankind. Despite their acknowledged importance, theorists of education have hardly engaged with these treatises even though they present us with a whole theory of education that also embraces a very original and positive theory of childhood. Given that the treatises originate from the 14th-early 15th century, they pre-date everything the typical Western History of Education would bring forth as the beginning of a positive childhood and a pedagogy that acts accordingly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The philosophical analysis specificity is belief —methodological problem, that is related to the theory epistemological status and the history of culture. As a working hypothesis, it is assumed that this science has interdisciplinary nature and carries out, as a rule, studies that differ in results' complexity. Moreover, this hypothesis will be tested on the analysis basis of the education from anthropological dimension under the philosophical point of view. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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