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Simple Summary: Pituitary adenomas often regrow after surgery, posing a treatment challenge. By studying the DNA methylation patterns of these adenomas, we aimed to identify different subtypes that may predict regrowth potential. Samples from 33 patients with nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas were analyzed, revealing distinct DNA methylation clusters. While trends suggesting certain clusters might be associated with higher regrowth potential emerged, overall significant differences in regrowth rates between these clusters were not found. DNA methylation profiling could help identify adenomas prone to regrowth, potentially improving treatment strategies in the future. Further larger studies are needed to confirm the findings from this explorative pilot study. Background: The prediction of the regrowth potential of pituitary adenomas after surgery is challenging. The genome-wide DNA methylation profiling of pituitary adenomas may separate adenomas into distinct methylation classes corresponding to histology-based subtypes. Specific genes and differentially methylated probes involving regrowth have been proposed, but no study has linked this epigenetic variance with regrowth potential and the clinical heterogeneity of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas. This study aimed to investigate whether DNA methylation profiling can be useful as a clinical prognostic marker. Methods: A DNA methylation analysis by Illumina's MethylationEPIC array was performed on 54 pituitary macroadenomas from patients who underwent transsphenoidal surgery during 2007–2017. Twelve patients were excluded due to an incomplete postoperative follow-up, degenerated biobank-stored tissue, or low DNA methylation quality. For the quantitative measurement of the tumor regrowth rate, we conducted a 3D volumetric analysis of tumor remnant volume via annual magnetic resonance imaging. A linear mixed effects model was used to examine whether different DNA methylation clusters had different regrowth patterns. Results: The DNA methylation profiling of 42 tissue samples showed robust DNA methylation clusters, comparable with previous findings. The subgroup of 33 nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas of an SF1-lineage showed five subclusters with an approximately unbiased score of 86%. There were no overall statistically significant differences when comparing hazard ratios for regrowth of 100%, 50%, or 0%. Despite this, plots of correlated survival estimates suggested higher regrowth rates for some clusters. The mixed effects model of accumulated regrowth similarly showed tendencies toward an association between specific DNA methylation clusters and regrowth potential. Conclusion: The DNA methylation profiling of nonfunctioning pituitary adenomas may potentially identify adenomas with increased growth and recurrence potential. Larger validation studies are needed to confirm the findings from this explorative pilot study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To inform high-quality rehabilitation services, this study investigates if patients with glioma located in the right- or left-hemisphere present with different health-related quality of life, symptomatology, and functional performance in the early disease state. Between 2013 and 2017, 81 adult patients were assessed during the first week of chemo-radiation, following resection. Patients were stratified into two groups depending on a right- or left-hemispheric lesion. Independent t-tests analyzed potential differences regarding health-related quality of life, symptomatology, and functional performance. Forty-five patients (56%) had a tumor located in the right hemisphere, whereas 36 patients (44%) had a tumor in the left hemisphere. Except for more patients with tumors in the left hemisphere having their tumor located in eloquent brain areas, the groups were well matched. No group differences were found in health-related quality of life. Group differences were found in communication deficits (Δ-10.9, 95%CI −19.1; −2.3, p = 0.01), which were more frequent in patients with left-sided lesions, and of headaches (Δ13.9, 95%CI 1.8; 25.9, p = 0.02), which were more frequent in patients with right-hemispheric lesions, who also had significantly greater difficulties with process-skills when performing everyday life tasks (Δ-0.3, 95%CI −0.5; −0.1, p < 0.01). Also, weak evidence suggests that patients with Glioblastoma Multiforme located in the right hemisphere are more affected by fatigue compared to their left-hemispheric comparisons (Δ14.6, 95%CI 0.19; 29.0, p < 0.05). The hemispheric location of a glial-cell brain tumor has no consequence for health-related quality of life at the beginning of chemo-radiation treatments. However, findings of tumor-location dependent conditions of communication, headache, patients' ability to perform executive functions, and fatigue should be considered in rehabilitation situations when designing an intervention to potentially improve executive functions and relieve the symptoms. It is unclear if laterality impact glioma patients health-related quality of life and functional performance, which might implicate differentiated rehabilitation interventions. The hemispheric location of a glial-cell brain tumor has no consequence for the health-related quality of life at the beginning of chemo-radiation, following surgery. Tumor-location dependent conditions of communication, headache, fatigue, and patients' ability to perform executive functions should be considered when designing an intervention to improve executive functions and symptom-relieve. In rehabilitation interventions, tumor laterality is not a factor that needs to be considered before recommending aerobic training to improve the functional capacity of patients with glioma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]