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Purpose: analyze the relationship between the number of active participants in pension plans linked to EFPCs and the variables: GDP, unemployment rate, inflation (NCPI), interest rate (Selic), number of EFPCs, and inflow and outflow of active participants. Methodology: quantitative, descriptive, and documentary research methods were used. Data relating to the EFPC population, from July 2008 to June 2019, were treated using descriptive statistics, statistic tests (Mann-Whitney & Kruskal-Wallis), and Spearman correlation, with a significance level of 5%. Results: the private, institutional, and public segments show significant differences in the number of active participants. A direct relationship was observed between the number of participants (private sector) and the unemployment rate; an inverse relationship with the number of EFPC, showing the reduction of entities and the increase of participants. The number of participants (institutional) is positively associated with the number of EFPC and the unemployment rate, and negatively with the Selic rate. Thus, there was an increase in the number of active participants in the private and institutional sectors, even with the increase in unemployment. In the public sector, the number of participants is inversely related to the unemployment rate. Contributions of the study: extends the bibliography on the subject of closed complementary social welfare, highlighting the relationship between the socioeconomic environment and the number of active members in pension plans managed by EFPCs. On the practical side, the results help the managers of these entities to define strategies to minimize the actuarial and financial risks resulting from the relationship between the number of active members and changes in unemployment and interest rates to which the plans are exposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]