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Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within microRNA binding sites can affect the binding of microRNA to mRNA and regulate gene expression, thereby contributing to cancer prognosis. Here we performed a two-stage study of 2647 breast cancer patients to explore the association between SNPs within microRNA binding sites and breast cancer prognosis. In stage I, we genotyped 192 SNPs within microRNA binding sites using the Illumina Goldengate platform. In stage II, we validated SNPs associated with breast cancer prognosis in another dataset using the TaqMan platform. We identified 8 SNPs significantly associated with breast cancer prognosis in stage I (P

The use of double-skin semitransparent photovoltaic (DS-STPV) windows is well recognized as an efficient and effective approach for enhancing the building energy performance. However, despite many studies in relation to the technology have been reported so far, there are few investigations focusing on its use in cold regions. In this study, experimental measurement data for a DS-STPV window in terms of power generation and surface temperature were compared with those obtained from EnergyPlus simulations. The measured and simulated results agreed well, which confirmed the reliability of the simulation methodology adopted. On this basis, the energy performance of DS-STPV windows with non-ventilated, inner loop, and air supply ventilation modes was analyzed by simulations performed for winter conditions in cold regions. The results showed that as compared with the other two ventilation modes, the use of air supply DS-STPV windows is capable of reducing the building net electricity use by 18.5% and 20.2%, respectively. Further, an optimal control strategy for DS-STPV windows employed in cold regions was also proposed. It was found that with the use of the proposed strategy, the building net electricity use can be effectively reduced by 3.5% and 12.3%, respectively. Relevant findings of the present study provide an insight into optimal design and control of the DS-STPV windows employed in cold regions. Further, the results presented and the simulation methodology established will also be useful for further development of the technology for energy savings and emission reductions.

本研究基于“一带一路” （BRI）国家的资源条件、经济发展阶段等因素，从屋顶资源和无电人口的用电需求着手，分别构建 了“基础情景”和“积极发展情景”，采用建成区面积法对141个BRI国家屋顶光伏的开发潜力进行测算；同时，根据国际能源署的无电人口最低供电标准，测算了满足无电人口最低用电需求的分布式光伏装机潜力；并选取埃塞俄比亚和印度尼西亚两个典型国家进行国别分析。评估结果可供BRI国家能源规划主管部门参考，也可为各国在海外进行可再生能源投资和开展清洁能源对外援助提供决策支持

Purpose We aim to construct a nomogram to predict breast cancer survival and guide postoperative adjuvant chemotherapy in China. Patients and methods A total of 5,504 breast cancer patients from the Tianjin Breast Cancer Cases Cohort were included. Multivariable Cox regression was used to investigate the factors associated with overall survival (OS) and a nomogram was constructed based on these prognostic factors. The nomogram was internal and external validated and the performance was evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) and calibration curve. The partial score was also constructed and stratified them into low, moderate and high-risk subgroups for death according to the tripartite grouping method. Multivariate Cox regression analysis and the propensity score matching method were respectively used to test the association between adjuvant chemotherapy and OS in different risk subgroups. Results Age, diameter, histological differentiation, lymph node metastasis, estrogen, and progesterone receptor were incorporated into the nomogram and validation results showed this nomogram was well-calibrated to predict the 3-year [AUC =74.1%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 70.1-78.0%] and 5-year overall survival [AUC =72.3%; 95% CI: 69.6-75.1%]. Adjuvant chemotherapy was negatively associated with death in high risk subgroup [Hazard Ratio (HR) = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.37-0.77; P

Academic stress is a common long-term stress among the student population and is known to impact working memory within the frontoparietal attention network. Perceived control is an individual variation that may play a buffering role between stress and overall adjustment. In this study, we addressed the moderating effects of perceived control between academic stress and working memory. Fifty-nine male college students participated in the study. Academic stress and perceived control were assessed before participants completed a working memory (n-back) task. Event-related potentials (ERPs) including P2 and P3 were analyzed to examine the attention and maintenance processes of working memory. A moderating effect of perceived control on the relationship between academic stress and working memory was found. For students with low levels of perceived control, academic stress was negatively associated with P2 amplitudes at the high workload (3-back) task, suggesting a negative impact on attention process of working memory. In contrast, academic stress did not affect students with high and moderate levels of perceived control. The results indicate that perceived control may serve as a buffer to protect the cognitive function from the disruption of academic stress.

Arousing research has investigated stressed individuals' decision biases, but whether and how stress and individual traits interact to impact the underlying decision-making process is unknown. Here, we aim to explore the effect of acute stress on the interaction between the objective level of risk and subjective risk preference (i.e. risk-taking propensity). Eighty-three healthy males participated in the study. We adopted the Trier Social Stress Test (TSST) to induce acute psychological stress and categorized participants into the high or low risk-taking propensity (HRP/LRP) group according to their traits in daily life. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) was applied to measure their feedback processing in a risky decision task, while behavioral indexes and EEG signals were recorded. The results showed that stressful participants pumped fewer times than the controls, especially for the LRP under stress, indicating that they were more willing to avoid taking risks. Compared with the stressed HRP group, the stressed LRP showed higher salivary cortisol responses and a more positive FRN following positive feedback in higher risk levels. It implies that acute psychological stress leads the LRP to overestimate the risk probability and become more cautious in the sequential processing of risk. These findings highlight the role of the feedback process and individual traits in risky decision-making under stress.

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within microRNA binding sites can affect the binding of microRNA to mRNA and regulate gene expression, thereby contributing to the prognosis of cancer. We performed this study to explore the association between SNPs within microRNA binding sites and the prognosis of breast cancer.Methods: We carried out a two-stage study including 2647 breast cancer patients, with a median follow-up of 68 months (range 0-159). In stage I, we genotyped 192 SNPs within microRNA binding sites using the Illumina Goldengate platform. In stage II, we validated SNPs significantly associated with breast cancer prognosis in another dataset using the TaqMan platform. Survival times was calculated, and Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression model were used to analyze survival of breast cancer patients with different genotypes.Results: We identified 8 SNPs significantly associated with breast cancer prognosis in stage I (PConclusions: The LRKK2 rs10878441 CC genotype is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer in a Chinese population, and it could be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer. Further studies are warranted.

Background: Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within microRNA binding sites can affect the binding of microRNA to mRNA and regulate gene expression, thereby contributing to the prognosis of cancer. We performed this study to explore the association between SNPs within microRNA binding sites and the prognosis of breast cancer.Methods: We carried out a two-stage study including 2647 breast cancer patients. In stage I, we genotyped 192 SNPs within microRNA binding sites using the Illumina Goldengate platform. In stage II, we validated SNPs significantly associated with breast cancer prognosis in another dataset using the TaqMan platform. Survival times was calculated, and Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox regression model were used to analyze survival of breast cancer patients with different genotypes.Results: We identified 8 SNPs significantly associated with breast cancer prognosis in stage I (PConclusions: The LRKK2 rs10878441 CC genotype is associated with poor prognosis of breast cancer in a Chinese population, and it could be used as a potential prognostic biomarker for breast cancer. Further studies are warranted.

Until now, no studies have investigated whether women other than those with dense breasts are suitable for adjunctive ultrasonography after negative mammography, and investigated whether all women with negative mammography are suitable for adjunctive ultrasonography.Based on the Multi-modality Independent Screening Trial in China, a total of 31,918 women aged 45 to 65 years underwent both ultrasonography and mammography. Physicians performed ultrasonography and mammography separately and were blinded to each other's findings until their interpretations had been recorded. For both ultrasonography and mammography, suspicious results and those highly suggestive of a malignancy were confirmed by pathologic examination, whereas other results were confirmed by 1-year follow-up after initial screening.Based on Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BIRADS) assessments, 84 (84.8%) of 99 cancers were identified on mammography (detection rate, 2.6/1000), and 61 (61.6%) of 99 cancers were identified on ultrasonography (detection rate, 1.9/1000). Integrated mammography with ultrasonography identified 94 (95.0%) of 99 cancers, with an increment of 11.9% in cancer detection rate (from 2.6/1000 to 2.9/1000) (P .05). Moreover, among women with BIRADS 3, adjunctive ultrasonography detected no cancers. All 10 additional cancers detected by adjunctive ultrasonography were from women with BIRADS 0 to 2, at a cost of 207 women with false positives. Additionally, dense breasts and benign breast disease were significantly associated with positive ultrasonography after BIRADS 0 to 2 (all P values .05).After negative mammography, adjunctive ultrasonography should only be recommended for BIRADS 0 to 2 but not BIRADS 3, especially for women with dense breasts or benign breast disease.

Focusing on the characteristics of long horizontal interval (>800m) and strong heterogeneity of complex carbonate reservoir, this paper puts forward a high efficiency uneven acid distribution technology, consequently solving the problems of high large scale and financially-challenged acidizing result. It takes the damage profile in productivity established stage or liquid production profile in the stable production stage for horizontal wells as the designed core, and selects optimal injecting point and interval in the long-interval horizontal well to maximize stimulation effect with minimal acid. This paper establishes an integrated mathematical model for the quantitative analysis of non-uniform damage of horizontal well simulated acidizing diverting and the acid-etched wormholes propagation for complicated carbonate reservoir. Besides, the matching technological methods and strategies, such as whole or local selective acid injection using coil tubing, inert liquid injection in the annulus, and the secondary segmented acidizing displacement, were presented. This technology has been applied in the AHDEB and HALFAYA oilfield, completing 296 wells acidizing treatments. The results demonstrated that the average acidizing volume decreased from 500-900m3 to 150m3 and production significantly increased.

To investigate the association between overall life satisfaction and healthy lifestyle, knowledge of breast cancer, physical examination, and detection rate of breast cancer and benign breast disease in Chinese women. In a multicentered breast disease screening program in China, we enrolled 33,057 women aged 45–65 years without prior diagnosis of breast cancer. After completing an epidemiological questionnaire, all participants were examined by clinical breast examination, breast ultrasound, and mammography independently. All breast cancer cases and a selected sample of benign breast diseases were confirmed pathologically. Univariate and multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to estimate the association between life satisfaction and lifestyle, knowledge of breast cancer, physical examination, and detection rate of breast diseases. Overall life satisfaction was positively associated with women's healthy lifestyle. Compared with less satisfied women, satisfied women were less likely to be smokers (OR = 0.54; 95% CI: 0.47–0.62), have more exercise (OR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.26–1.75), eat less fried (OR = 0.60; 95% CI: 0.50–0.71), smoked (OR = 0.54, 95% CI: 0.47–0.63), pickled (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.55–0.79), and grilled (OR = 0.63, 95% CI: 0.54–0.74) foods. Satisfied women were more likely to have knowledge of breast cancer (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.29–1.70), and have regular physical examinations (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.01–1.12). Compared to less satisfied women, we found significantly lower detection rate of benign breast diseases (OR = 0.90, 95% CI: 0.82–0.99), and lower but nonsignificant detection rate of breast cancer (OR = 0.66, 95% CI: 0.35–1.25) in satisfied women. Women with a higher overall life satisfaction are more likely to have healthy lifestyle, knowledge of breast cancer, and regular physical examination, thus resulting in a lower detection rate of breast diseases in screening.

Background: Evidence for associations between dietary factors and breast cancer risk is inconclusive among Chinese females. To evaluate this question, we conducted a systematic review of relevant case-control and cohort studies. Methods: Studies were systematically searched among 5 English databases (PudMed, ScienceDirect, Wiley, Clinicaltrials.gov, and Cochrane) and 3 Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, and VIP) until November 2012. Random effects models were used to estimate summary odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Thirty one case-control studies and two cohort studies involving 9,299 cases and 11,413 controls were included. Consumption of both soy and fruit was significantly associated with decreased risk of breast cancer, with summary ORs of 0.65 (95% CIs: 0.43–0.99; I 2 =88.9%, P

Previous studies suggested that smoking and passive smoking could increase the risk of breast cancer, but the results were inconsistent, especially for Chinese females. Thus, we systematically searched cohort and case-control studies investigating the associations of active and passive smoking with breast cancer risk among Chinese females in four English databases (PubMed, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Wiley) and three Chinese databases (CNKI, WanFang, and VIP). Fifty-one articles (3 cohort studies and 48 case-control studies) covering 17 provinces of China were finally included in this systematic review. Among Chinese females, there was significant association between passive smoking and this risk of breast cancer [odds ratio (OR): 1.62; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39-1.85; I2 = 75.8%, P < 0.001; n = 26] but no significant association between active smoking and the risk of breast cancer (OR: 1.04; 95% CI: 0.89-1.20; I2 = 13.9%, P = 0.248; n = 31). The OR of exposure to husband's smoking and to smoke in the workplace was 1.27 (95% CI: 1.07-1.50) and 1.66 (95% CI: 1.07-2.59), respectively. The OR of light and heavy passive smoking was 1.11 and 1.41, respectively, for women exposed to their husband's smoke (< 20 and ≥ 20 cigarettes per day), and 1.07 and 1.87, respectively, for those exposed to smoke in the workplace (< 300 and ≥ 300 min of exposure per day). These results imply that passive smoking is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, and the risk seems to increase as the level of passive exposure to smoke increases among Chinese females. Women with passive exposure to smoke in the workplace have a higher risk of breast cancer than those exposed to their husband's smoking.

Efficient and stable Bulk Heterojunction polymer solar cells based on a P3HT:PC61BM active layer have been fabricated by inserting a convenient, low cost, solution-processed, PEDOT/PSS anode buffer layer doped with solution-processed MoO3. The MoO3 consist of small “islands” in the blend film extends the interfacial contact area between the P3HT:PC61BM and PEDOT/PSS to facilitate hole collection, and meanwhile blocking electron transport at the anode. Hence the improved Jsc and FF dramatically increase the power conversion efficiency (PCE) from 2.98% to 3.94%. After anode buffer layer doped with the MoO3, the device stability also has a significant improvement.

The present study demonstrated the direct application of poly(3-hexylthiophene) benzyl-di-n-octylphosphine oxide (P3HT-DOPO) functionalized ZnO nanoparticles (P3HT-DOPO@ZnO) as active layer of hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells. P3HT-DOPO@ZnO Scheme 1 nanocomposites were synthesized by direct grafting of P3HT-DOPO, which was prepared via Suzuki-Miyaura reaction between P3HT-Br and p-benzyl-di-n-octylphosphine oxide acid. The resulting P3HT-DOPO@ZnO nanocomposites possess a well-defined interface, thus significantly promoting the dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles within the P3HT matrix and facilitating the electronic interaction between these two components, resulting in a more efficient photoinduced charge transfer than that of in physical mixture of P3HT and ZnO nanoparticles. The hybrid photovoltaic device of P3HT-DOPO@ZnO performance exhibited an improved device efficiencies as high as 0.077%, with Jsc=1.05 mA/cm2, Voc=0.34 V and a FF=0.22 under AM 1.5G illumination with 100 mW/cm2 light intensity.

A facile approach to develop a novel soluble liquid-crystalline fullerene derivative, N-methyl-2- [(4-(4′-cyano)biphenyloxy)hexyloxyphenyl)]-3,4-fulleropyrrolidine, C 60 -bp-CN is reported. Compared to C 60 , the modified C 60 -bp-CN shows broadened light harvesting and lower LUMO level (−4.2 eV), ascribing to the strong intermolecular interaction induced by self-assembled cyanobiphenyl mesogens, especially after thermal annealing from liquid crystalline states. When blended with poly(3-hexylthiophene) ( P3HT ), the absorption of the blend film is red-shifted to 700 nm, and the intensity is also remarkably increased. The results indicate that the modified C 60 -bp-CN is a promising acceptor for polymer solar cells (PSCs) based on BHJ active layers. Therefore, solar cell devices based on an ITO/PEDOT:PSS/ P3HT:C 60 -bp-CN /LiF/Al configuration are fabricated. Clearly, the performances of all the devices are dramatically enhanced relative to corresponding species based on P3HT/C 60 active layers. Among all the thermal treatments the mesophase annealing achieves the best performance with a short-circuit current density ( J sc ) of 5.5 mA/cm 2 , an open-circuit voltage ( V oc) of 0.52 V, a calculated fill factor (FF) of 0.23, and a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.65%, which is 3 times higher than that of the untreated one.

The effect of the fullerene carboxylic acid (PCBA) on the electronic properties of the ZnO nanoparticles (nc-ZnO) has been investigated. The resulting surfaces are characterized by Fourier transform infrared, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Fundamental to this work are steady state absorption and photoluminescence measurements, which confirm the presence of appreciable electronic couplings between ZnO nanoparticles and fullerene. Meanwhile, PL quenching and time-resolved absorption measurements of the PCBA–ZnO particles demonstrate efficient charge transfer from PCBA to ZnO. Hybrid bulk heterojunction solar cells based on nanocrystalline ZnO (nc-ZnO) capped with PCBA and regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) are processed from solution and characterized to relate the device function (optical absorption, charge separation, and transport and photovoltaic properties) to active-layer properties and device parameters. Interface modification of a ZnO nanoparticle's surface ...

Control of the nanoscale morphology or microstructure of the active layer in hybrid solar cells is critical to ensure the high device performance. Here, a novel electron-donor material, liquid-crystalline polythiophene containing a cyano-biphenyl mesogenic pendant, poly[3-(6-(4-cynaobiphenyloxy)-hexyl) thiophene] (P3HbpT), was rationally designed and synthesized. The spontaneous orientation of cyano-biphenyl mesogen endowed the P3HbpT with a well ordered morphology and facilitated the homogeneous dispersion of ZnO nanoparticles in the composites. The P3HbpT/ZnO composite films exhibited a red-shift absorption (12 nm), the lower LUMO and more ordered domains after undergoing annealing at liquid crystal (LC) states temperature (175 °C), which indicated that the spontaneous assembly behavior of the liquid-crystalline polythiophene could induce the ZnO nanoparticles to form nano-dispersing structure with highly oriented channel layers upon heating at liquid crystalline states. Furthermore, the hybrid bulk-heterojunction devices based on P3HbpT/ZnO active layer have been constructed. Without extensive optimization, the devices undergoing annealing at LC state yielded a Voc of 0.83 V and power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 0.61%, showing a significantly increased Jsc and FF with respect to the un-annealed counterpart.

A regioregular poly{[3-(6′-bromohexyl)thiophene]-co-[[3-(6′-(1-imidazole) hexyl)thiophene]} (P3HTM) is synthesized via the Grignard metathesis route for the purpose of constructing higher-order supramolecules with self-assembly nanoscale morphology and stabilizing the film morphology in polymer photovoltaic cells. By designing the donor molecules containing imidazole rings and acceptor including carboxylic acids properly for the intermolecular interaction, one can control the complexes stacking induced by the intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The results from red-shifted absorption and enhanced quenching photoluminescence of the P3HTM:PCBA in solvents with polar additives indicate the building blocks through hydrogen-bonding interactions, which is consistent with the nanofibers domains in atomic force microscopy images. In strong contrast, processing of P3HTM and PCBA complexes with heat-annealing, constructed from cooperative self-assembly, shows optimized photovoltaic performance, with a Jsc of 9.11 mA cm–...

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the application of nerve stimulator-guided thoracic paravertebral nerve block (TPVB) plus general anesthesia (GA) in small-incision lung cancer surgery. Methods: Forty patients scheduled for small-incision lung cancer surgery, the American Society of Anesthesiologists Grade I-II, were randomized into a TPVB-GA group (Group P) and a GA group (Group G), with 20 cases in each group. The dosage of general anesthetic, mean arterial pressure (MAP) at each time point, and heart rate (HR) of the two groups were recorded. The postoperative respiration recovery time, extubation time, incidence of adverse reactions, and postoperative visual analog scale (VAS) scores of the two groups were also observed. Results: Group P showed stable hemodynamics, and lower MAP and HR at each time point than Group G (P < 0.05). The intraoperative dosage of general anesthetic in Group P was lower than that in Group G (P < 0.05). The respiration recovery time and extubation time in Group P were significantly shorter than those in Group G (P < 0.05); the incidence of agitation was significantly lower than that in Group G (P < 0.05). The VAS scores of Group P under quiet and cough status were also better than Group G (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Nerve stimulator-guided TPVB-GA is suitable for small-incision lung cancer surgery.

To investigate the current status of smoking and passive smoking among Chinese females to provide evidence for related strategy development.Data from 32 720 women aged 45-65 years old who participated in the 2008 to 2010 Chinese Multi-center Women Breast Cancer Screening Project, were used to analyze the prevalence rates of smoking/heavy smoking, daily smoking, smoking cessation, successful smoking cessation, passive smoking, etc.A total of 913 females, accounted for 2.8% of all the women in the study, had reported the history of smoking. There were significant differences seen regarding the prevalence rates of smoking in different regions (Beijing, 2.8%; Tianjin, 5.9%; Nanchang, 1.7%; Feicheng, 0.9%; Shenyang, 1.8%). The prevalence rates of current smoking, daily smoking, and heavy smoking were 1.8%, 1.0% and 0.2%, respectively. The prevalence rates of smoking and current smoking increased with age but not the prevalence rates of daily smoking and heavy smoking. Among the smokers, the median initiation age of smoking, the median daily cigarette per day, and median year of smoking were 30 years old, 10 cigarette, and 16 years, respectively. And the prevalence rates of smoking cessation and successful smoking cessation were 19.1% and 8.2%. The prevalence rate of passive smoking was 45.7% (12 730/27 874). After combing the number of smokers and the number of passive smokers, the total exposure rate to tobacco was 41.8% (13 670/32 720).There was a relatively low level of smoking among Chinese females, so as the rate of smoking cessation. However, passive smoking presented a relatively high level among Chinese females.

An facile approach for improving device efficiency of poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT)/[6,6]-phenyl C61 butyric acid methyl ester (PC61BM) bulk heterojunction solar cells is presented. This method is used by simply precasting a tiny thin P3HT layer with high crystallinity between PEDOT:PSS and photoactive P3HT:PC61BM layers. The high crystalline thin P3HT layers are casted from three different solvents such as dichloromethane (DCM), dichlorobenzene (o-DCB), and tetrahydrofuran (THF). It is demonstrated that THF used for thin P3HT layer preparation is a suitable solvent for yielding a high crystalline film, which is unreadily washed away during the solution processing of the active layer. The results indicate that the morphology of P3HT:PC61BM active layers strongly depend on the formation of P3HT buffer layer. A great morphology difference of P3HT:PC61BM is caused from crystallinity of P3HT buffer layers prepared by different solvents. The thin P3HT layer with high crystallinity can improve the crystalline degree of P3HT in the active layer, subsequently inducing the whole active layer to form a well self-assembled pathway for efficient charge transfer and transportation to their respective electrodes. Therefore, a dramatically enhanced short-circuit current density of the device is resulted. After optimization of thickness of the P3HT buffer layer, an improvement of the power conversion efficiency is obtained from 2.98% to 5.14%.

Background: Disparity of overweight/obesity distribution had been investigated in developed countries, but rarely been investigated in developing countries, especially for China with rapid socio-economic development in the past decades. Methods: A total of 1 210 762 participants were recruited from the Chinese National Breast Cancer Screening Program. Overweight and obesity were defined as body mass index (BMI) ranged 24.0-27.9 kg/m2 and BMI ≥ 28.0kg/m2, respectively. Results: The prevalence of overweight/obesity for Chinese rural women (35.2%, 29.2% for overweight and 6.0% for obesity) was significantly higher than that for Chinese urban women (33.4%, 27.7% for overweight and 5.7% for obesity) (P Conclusions: There was an obvious urban-rural disparity of overweight/obesity distribution among Chinese females, which could also lead to an obvious disparity of breast cancer distribution. Citation Format: Ying Gao, Yubei Huang, Hongji Dai, Peishan Wang, Haixin Li, Fengju Song, Hong Zheng, Henglei Dong, Jiali Han, Yaogang Wang, Kexin Chen. Urban-rural disparity of overweight/obesity distribution and its potential association with breast cancer among Chinese females. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 107th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2016 Apr 16-20; New Orleans, LA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(14 Suppl):Abstract nr 4045.

Four taxa, Dryopteris kwewichowicola (Dryopteridaceae), Gastrochilus nanus (Orchidaceae), Rubus fanjingshanensis (Rosaceae), and Sabia swinhoei var. parvifolia (Sabiaceae), are described as new. Deinostema adenocaulon is reported for the first time from China

The major light-harvesting chlorophyll (Chl) a/b-binding protein of photosystem II (LHCIIb) in plants is the most abundant membrane protein on earth. During the evolution of photosynthesis over more than 3.4 billion years, this light harvesting system has developed the most effective membrane protein for harnessing solar energy. Because of its high efficiency in absorbing and transferring solar energy, LHCIIb is becoming more and more attractive for mankind's effort to utilize solar energy. Here, we demonstrate the integration of LHCIIb with a P3HT/PCBM bulk heterojunction, in which a P3HT/PCBM active layer, instead of the “reaction centers” in photosystem II (PSII), absorbs the energy transfer from LHCIIb, consequently enhancing the solar energy utilization effectively in solid-state photovoltaic devices. The electronic integration into devices, achieved by inserting a layer of LHCIIb and then coating with a P3HT/PCBM active layer, can remain stable for several weeks. The energy transfer from LHCIIb to P3HT plays an important role in the increase in photocurrent density and broadens the solar absorption spectrum of the control device. The fabricated photovoltaic cells with an LHCIIb interfacial layer achieved an approximately 30% enhancement in the photocurrent and internal quantum efficiencies. Although the heat inactivation effect of the device limits the optimization of the normal structure, the pre-annealing treatment of the inverted organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices is used to realize an improvement in the photoconversion performance.

Novel HT-poly[3-(6′-N,N,N-trimethylammonium)-hexyl thiophene] (P3HTN) is developed and the use of the water-soluble thiophene as an interfacial layer for low-cost poly(3-hexylthiophene):phenyl-C61 butyric acid methyl ester (P3HT:PCBM) organic photovoltaic cells with high stability in air is investigated. When P3HTN is simply inserted between the active layer and the cathode as an interfacial dipole layer by spin-coating, the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and short-circuit current density (Jsc) of photovoltaic cells with high work function Al metal cathodes dramatically increase. Resulting from a reduction of the metal work function and improved electron extraction efficiency, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the devices annealed in air is enhanced from 1.8% to 3.28%. In particular, the analogue of the active layer as a buffer layer could improve interchain interactions between the P3HT and the P3HTN to modify the interfacial contact, consequently obtaining an unattainable enhancement Jsc, with respect to the interlayer polymer replaced with an unanalogous conjugated polymer. The results would supply useful information to understand the contribution of an interfacial layer on the photovoltaic performance.

To investigate the relationship between hormonal steroid contraception and liver function in HBsAg positive women, 159 HBsAg positive women with normal liver function and negative anti-HBc-IgM are collected for a non-randomized comparative trial, 78 in low dose combined OC group and 81 in control group. Follow up observations will be at three and six months after admission. During the observation, no significant differences between two groups are found including serum GPT, albumin, serum bilirubin and prothrombin time. However in the OC group, there is one case who has had a transient moderate abnormal SGPT. No any hepatitis manifestations are found in both groups. The current primary study supports the safety of low dose OCs in HBsAg positive women. However, additional investigations in larger sample are needed. Copyright (c) 2000 John WileySons, Ltd.