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© 2018 The Linnean Society of London. For the first time in more than 30 years, a new European hoverfly genus has been discovered, Katara gen. nov. Its type species Katara connexa sp. nov. (Diptera: Syrphidae) is described from the Pindos Mountains (Greece), and the systematic position of the monotypic taxon within the tribe Rhingiini is analysed using morphological and molecular data. Phylogenetic analyses resolved Katara connexa gen. et sp. nov. as sister taxon to Pelecocera latifrons. We assert based on the molecular phylogenetic results and the morphological distinctness of Pelecocera latifrons that this taxon merits a generic rank, thus we erect the genus Pseudopelecocera gen. nov. and also place Pelecocera persiana in this new genus based on shared characteristics. Based on our results, we place Chamaesyrphus in subgeneric rank and as a sister group to the nominal subgenus Pelecocera. We provide an identification key to the Rhingiini genera. Our phylogenetic analyses recovered all speciose Rhingiini genera as monophyletic and support existence of three main lineages within the tribe: (1) genus Rhingia with two groups, Palaearctic+Neotropical and Afrotropical taxa, (2) genus Cheilosia with its subgenera, and (3) lineage with remaining genera (Pseudopelecocera gen. nov., Katara gen. nov., Ferdinandea, Psarochilosia, Psarus, Portevinia and Pelecocera).

Pelecocera latifrons Loew Figs 2, 5, 6, 7, 10, 11, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22. Differential diagnosis. Very similar to P. persiana, with the body densely grey pollinose and the frons broader than eye width in dorsal view. Male of P. latifrons has postpronotum black and scutellum entirely black, while male of P. persiana has postpronotum yellow and black scutellum with posterior margin yellow; following Kuznetzov (1989), female of P. latifrons has narrower frons and basoflagellomere with an apical extension. Male genitalia are very similar in these two species, but P. latifrons has slightly larger cercus and a dorsal incision on the surstylus that P. persiana seems to lack (Figs 22, 23). Redescription of male. Body length: 8.6 mm; wing length: 6.2 mm (based on lectotype). Head (Figs 17, 20). Face produced anteroventrally, triangular in frontal view, with facial tubercle placed ventrally (tip at ventral margin of eye), yellow medially, dark below antennal insertion point and facial tubercle and black along oral margin, with long pale pile on ventral part and on paraface; face densely grey pollinose, very concave between antenna and facial tubercle; gena brown-yellow, black posteriorly, densely grey pollinose with long pale pile; lunule dark brown, shining; frons dark brown, with long pale pile, slightly grey pollinose laterally, with a depression between anterior ocellus and antenna; vertical triangle black, pale pilose; antenna dark brown, basoflagellomere somewhat paler ventrally; basoflagellomere broadened dorsally and ventrally, broader than long (Fig. 17), with broad arista with three clear-defined segments; arista microtrichose; eye bare, dichoptic, distance between eyes broader than eye width; occiput black, grey-silver pollinose, yellowish-white pilose. Thorax (Fig. 20). Scutum black, densely grey pollinose except medially, with long pale pile; postpronotum dark brown, pilose; notopleuron black, pale pilose; scutellum black, yellow pilose, grey pollinose laterally, with pale subscutellar fringe. Pleuron mostly dark brown to black, grey pollinose, with long pale pile on proepimeron, posterior anepisternum, dorsal and ventral katepisternum, and anepimeron; dorsal and ventral pile patches on katepisternum broadly separated; metaepisternum and metasternum bare; calypter yellow, yellow pilose; plumula yellow; halter yellow, capitulum slightly darker; posterior spiracular fringes yellow. Wing. Wing membrane hyaline, stigma brownish; entirely microtrichose. Alula present, as broad as costal cell or a bit narrower, microtrichose. Cell r 1 open, vein R 4 + 5 straight, and crossvein r-m basal to middle of cell dm. Legs. Coxae black, grey pollinose; trochanters paler, yellowish; femora black, yellow basally and apically; tibiae yellow with a broad black ring; tarsi yellow; mostly yellow pilose. Abdomen (Fig. 19). Broad, flat, unmargined, grey pollinose, with long pale pile. Tergum 1 black; tergum 2 black with two broad, elongate, yellow maculae not reaching lateral margins, except on anterolateral margin; terga 3 and 4 black with two broad, elongate, yellow maculae not reaching lateral margins, but reaching anterior margin of the tergum; sterna pale, yellow pilose. Genitalia as in Fig. 22. Female. Similar to male except for normal sexual dimorphism and as follows: face less produced, more oval than triangular in frontal view; frons more shining and less pollinose, broader than male frons; basoflagellomere elongated apically, forming a small process, clearly orange-yellow with dorsoapical portion brown; postalar callus brown, lighter; abdomen entirely brown, without yellow markings, sterna brown. Distribution. From Central Europe (Czech Republic and Hungary) and Balkan Peninsula into European parts of Russia and Near East (Lebanon, and possibly other neighbouring countries). Type material examined. Ischyroptera annulipes Lindner: Holotype, female, ��� Sarepta // 33679 ��� [red] ��� Ischyroptera // Pokorny 1887 // Verh d z. b G. Wien ��� ��� Type // Lindner // 1941 ��� ��� Ischyroptera // annulipes Lind. // Lindner det.��� ��� bipilosa // Pokorny ��� ��� Typus ��� [ZMHB]. Synonym of Pelecocera latifrons by Peck (1988). Pelecocera sareptana Enderlein: Holotype, female, ��� Sarepta // Christ ��� ��� 374 ��� [green] ���S. Russland Sarepta // Christoph S. // Coll. H. Loew��� ��� Pelecocera // sareptana // Type Enderl. ♀ // Dr. Enderlein det. 193 6 ��� ��� Typus ��� ��� conf. lugubris // Perr. Sc. Fr. I Tr 6 VI ��� [ZMHB]. Synonym of Pelecocera latifrons by Peck (1988). Pelecocera latifrons Loew: Lectotype, male, ��� Wien // Schiner ��� ��� Pelecocera // nov. sp. // latifrons m ��� ���Coll. // H.Loew��� ��� Typus ��� [red] ���Zool. Mus. // Berlin��� ��� LECTOTYPE // Pelecocera // latifrons Loew // Desig.Thompson 19 81 ��� ��� Pelecocera // latifrons Loew // Det. Mengual 20 14 ���. Other material examined. HUNGARY: B��cs-Kiskun County, Hild, J. Thalhammer [1 ♀, ZFMK]; Veszpr��m County, Tihany, Kiserdő, 17.iv. 1983, S. T��th [1 ♂, ZFMK]; B��k��s County, Sarkad, Remetei-erdő, 23.iv. 1991, S. T��th [1 ♂, DDPC]. Remarks. Loew (1856: 46) described P. latifrons based on an undetermined number of males from Beirut (Lebanon). These specimens were found in the private collection of I.R. Schiner (Loew 1856: 11). In the ZMHB collection, there is a male from the Loew collection with handwritten labels as above. This male was designated as lectotype of P. latifrons by F. Christian Thompson in 1981, although never published. We agree with F.C. Thompson and designate here this male specimen in the ZMHB as the lectotype of P. latifrons to fix and ensure the universal and consistent interpretation of the name., Published as part of Mengual, Ximo, Kazerani, Farzaneh, Talebi, Ali Asghar & Gilasian, Ebrahim, 2015, A revision of the genus Pelecocera Meigen with the description of the male of Pelecocera persiana Kuznetzov from Iran (Diptera: Syrphidae), pp. 99-108 in Zootaxa 3947 (1) on pages 101-102, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3947.1.6, http://zenodo.org/record/243970, {"references":["Kuznetzov, S. Y. (1989) Hover-flies of the genus Pelecocera Mg. (Diptera, Syrphidae). Latvian Entomology, 32, 80 - 85.","Peck, L. V. (1988) Family Syrphidae. In: Soos, A. & Papp, L. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Diptera. Vol. 8. Akademiai Kiado, Budapest, pp. 11 - 230.","Loew, H. (1856) Neue Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Dipteren. Vierter Beitrag. Program der Koniglichen Realschule zu Meseritz, 1856, 1 - 57."]}

The genus Pelecocera Meigen (Diptera: Syrphidae) is revised. Type material of most species was studied to describe, illustrate and delimit the male of Pelecocera persiana Kuznetzov, recently discovered from Iran. This is the first known specimen of this species since 1914, when the type female was collected. The diagnostic characters of P. persiana are provided, along with an identification key for Pelecocera species. The lectotype of Pelecocera latifrons Loew is designated.