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Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii)‐associated polymorphic effector proteins are crucial in parasite development and regulating host anti‐T. gondii immune responses. However, the mechanism remains obscure. Here, it is shown that Toxoplasma effector dense granules 4 (GRA4) restricts host IFN‐I activation. Infection with Δgra4 mutant T. gondii strain induces stronger IFN‐I responses and poses a severe threat to host health. Mechanistically, GRA4 binds to phosphorylated TBK1 to promote TRIM27‐catalyzed K48‐ubiquitination at Lys251/Lys372 residues, which enhances its recognition by autophagy receptor p62, ultimately leading to TBK1 autophagic degradation. Furthermore, an avirulent Δgra4 strain (ME49Δompdc/gra4) is constructed for tumor immunotherapy due to its ability to enhance IFN‐I production. Earlier vaccination with ME49Δompdc/gra4 confers complete host resistance to the tumor compared with the classical ME49Δompdc treatment. Notably, ME49Δompdc/gra4 vaccination induces a specific CD64+MAR‐1+CD11b+ dendritic cell subset, thereby enhancing T cell anti‐tumor responses. Overall, these findings identify the negative role of T. gondii GRA4 in modulating host IFN‐I signaling and suggest that GRA4 can be a potential target for the development of T. gondii vaccines and tumor immunotherapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The comprehensive performance of rubber products could be significantly improved by the addition of functional fillers. To improve research efficiency and decrease the experimental cost, the mechanical and thermal properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced rubber were investigated using finite element simulations and theoretical modeling. The simplified micromechanical model was constructed through the repeatable unit cell with periodic boundary conditions, and the corresponding theoretical models were built based on the rule of mixture (ROM), which can be treated as the mutual verification. The simulation results suggest that, in addition to the fiber volume fraction Vfc increasing from 10% to 70%, the longitudinal Young's modulus, transversal Young's modulus, in-plane shear modulus, longitudinal thermal expansion coefficient, and transversal thermal expansion coefficient changed from 2.31 × 1010 Pa to 16.09 × 1010 Pa, from 0.54 × 107 Pa to 2.59 × 107 Pa, from 1.66 × 106 Pa to 10.11 × 106 Pa, from −4.98 × 10−7 K−1 to −5.89 × 10−7 K−1, and from 5.72 × 10−4 K−1 to 1.66 × 10−4 K−1, respectively. The mechanism by which Vfc influences the properties of carbon-fiber-reinforced rubber was revealed through the distribution of Von Mises stress. This research will contribute to improving the performance of carbon-fiber-reinforced rubber and promote its application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Trajectory prediction is an essential task in many applications, including autonomous driving, robotics, and surveillance systems. In this paper, we propose a novel trajectory prediction network, called TFBNet (trajectory feature-boosting network), that utilizes trajectory feature boosting to enhance prediction accuracy. TFBNet operates by mapping the original trajectory data to a high-dimensional space, analyzing the change rules of the trajectory in this space, and finally aggregating the trajectory goals to generate the final trajectory. Our approach presents a new perspective on trajectory prediction. We evaluate TFBNet on five real-world datasets and compare it to state-of-the-art methods. Our results demonstrate that TFBNet achieves significant improvements in the ADE (average displacement error) and FDE (final displacement error) indicators, with increases of 46% and 52%, respectively. These results validate the effectiveness of our proposed approach and its potential to improve the performance of trajectory prediction models in various applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]