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Tomato is more prone to Tuta absoluta invasion and damages as compared to other host plants but the mechanism behind this preference has not been elucidated. Here, two contrasting host preference plants, tomato and eggplant, were used to investigate biochemical and transcriptomic modifications induced by T. absoluta infestation. Biochemical analysis at 0–72 h post T. absoluta infestation revealed significantly reduced concentrations of amino acid, fructose, sucrose, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, and total phenols in tomato compared to eggplant, mainly at 48 h post T. absoluta infestation. Transcriptome analysis showed higher transcript changes in infested eggplant than tomato. Signaling genes had significant contributions to mediate plant immunity against T. absoluta, specifically genes associated with salicylic acid in eggplant. Genes from PR1b1, NPR1 , NPR3, MAPKs , and ANP1 families play important roles to mitigate T. absoluta infestation. Our results will facilitate the development of control strategies against T. absoluta for sustainable tomato production.

Herein, in this study, we utilized Ag+-ligand interactions for critically regulating the morphology of carbon by the Stober-silica/carbon co-assembly method for the first time. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and resorcinol/formaldehyde (RF) assemble upon dictation by Ag+ and pyridyl-functionalized surfactants, producing porous carbon tubes (RF1) with a high surface area of 696 m2 g-1 and accessible mesopores ∼15 nm in size. Furthermore, when using tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS) with a slower hydrolysis rate than that of TEOS, carbon tubes (RF2) with enhanced uniformity and a surface area as high as 2112 m2 g-1 are generated. Additionally, when using dopamine hydrochloride instead of RF as a carbon precursor, tubular polydopamine (TDA) with lengths of tens of microns is fabricated, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reactions in alkaline solutions due to its unique structural feature, a high surface area of 1350 m2 g-1, metallic silver remains of 8.3 wt%, and a rich nitrogen content of 3.6 wt%. This work sheds light on the engineering of a micellar soft template and synthesizing novel nanostructures by the extension of the Stober method.

Background With the advantages of better cosmetic incision and faster recovery, uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (UP-VATS) has developed rapidly worldwide in recent decades, and indications for UP-VATS have been further expanded to those for conventional VATS. Complex segmentectomy that makes several or intricate intersegmental planes, with more complex procedures, continues to be difficult in minimally invasive techniques. However, there are few reports on UP-VATS complex segmentectomy. In this report, we describe the perioperative clinical data and operative techniques and present our early results of UP-VATS complex segmentectomy in our hospital. Methods The records of a total of 30 patients who underwent UP-VATS complex segmentectomy by a single surgeon between January 2021 and June 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. We defined cases as complex segmentectomy if they required resection of segments 9 and 10, combined segmentectomy, segmentectomy + subsegmentectomy, subsegmentectomy, or combined subsegmentectomy. Results The mean age was 52.8 ± 9.9 years old; the mean nodule size was 0.84 ± 0.36 cm; the mean margin width was 2.307 ± 0.309 cm; the median operative time was 229.0 ± 58.06 min; the mean operative hemorrhage was 56.60 ± 17.95 mL; 5.58 ± 1.74 lymph nodes dissected had not metastasized; the mean duration of postoperative chest tube drainage was 4.7 ± 1.4 days; and the mean postoperative hospital stay was 6.5 ± 3.0 days. Although 1 patient experienced a prolonged air leak, the other 29 recovered uneventfully. Another patient failed to reach the 2-cm safe margins and subsequently underwent completion lobectomy. Conclusions UP-VATS complex segmentectomy is a safe and effective procedure in the treatment of lung cancers, sparing more pulmonary parenchyma and ensuring safe margins, with the disadvantage being the lengthy operative times during early skill acquisition.

Pyroptosis or cellular inflammatory necrosis is a programmed cell death kind. Accumulating evidence shows that pyroptosis plays a crucial role in the invasion, metastasis, and proliferation of tumor cells, thus affecting the prognosis of tumors and therapeutic effects. Prostate cancer (PCa), a common malignancy among men, is associated with inflammation. Pathophysiological effects of pyroptosis on tumor development and progression, as well as the mediation of PCa, are known, but its effects on the potential prognosis for PCa warrant in-depth investigation. Herein, we built a risk model of six pyroptosis-related genes and verified their predictive abilities for prognostic and therapeutic effects. Higher risk scores indicated a higher probability of biochemical recurrence (BCR), higher immune infiltration, and worsened clinicopathological features. To derive scientific and reliable predictions for BCR in patients having PCa, the findings of the current study were verified in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) cohort following evaluation in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset. Additionally, after evaluating the six genes in the model, ZDHHC1 was found to be an important component. Its antitumor role was further assessed through in vivo and in vitro experiments, and its promoting effect on pyroptosis was further evaluated and verified. The above results provided a new perspective for further studies on pyroptosis and its clinical utility for PCa.

Immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors, such as PD-1/PD-L1 blockage, is becoming standard of practice for an increasing number of cancer types. However, the response rate is only 10%-40%. Thus, identifying biomarkers that could accurately predict the ICI-therapy response is critically important. We downloaded somatic mutation data for 46,697 patients and tumor-infiltrating immune cells levels data for 11070 patients, then combined TP53 and BRAF mutation status into a biomarker model and found that the predict ability of TP53/BRAF mutation model is more powerful than some past models. Commonly, patients with high-TMB status have better response to ICI therapy than patients with low-TMB status. However, the genotype of TP53

Herein, in this study, we utilized Ag+-ligand interactions for critically regulating the morphology of carbon by the Stöber-silica/carbon co-assembly method for the first time. Tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) and resorcinol/formaldehyde (RF) assemble upon dictation by Ag+ and pyridyl-functionalized surfactants, producing porous carbon tubes (RF1) with a high surface area of 696 m2 g-1 and accessible mesopores ∼15 nm in size. Furthermore, when using tetrapropyl orthosilicate (TPOS) with a slower hydrolysis rate than that of TEOS, carbon tubes (RF2) with enhanced uniformity and a surface area as high as 2112 m2 g-1 are generated. Additionally, when using dopamine hydrochloride instead of RF as a carbon precursor, tubular polydopamine (TDA) with lengths of tens of microns is fabricated, which exhibits excellent catalytic activity toward oxygen reduction reactions in alkaline solutions due to its unique structural feature, a high surface area of 1350 m2 g-1, metallic silver remains of 8.3 wt%, and a rich nitrogen content of 3.6 wt%. This work sheds light on the engineering of a micellar soft template and synthesizing novel nanostructures by the extension of the Stöber method.

Many of the sandstones at cultural heritage sites around the world are susceptible to chemical weathering, and long-term monitoring of the chemical weathering would be of great value for he...

Lung cancer (LC) is one of the malignant tumors with growing morbidity and mortality. The involvement of runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) in LC patients has been elucidated. We intended to research mechanisms of RUNX1 and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5 (ACP5) in LC. Firstly, ACP5 levels in LC tissues, paracancerous tissues, LC cells and tracheal epithelial cells were detected. RUNX1 overexpression plasmid and interference plasmid were constructed and transfected into 95C cells and A549 cells, respectively. The binding of RUNX1 to ACP5 promoter was tested. Additionally, the gain- and loss-of-function were performed to explore the effects of ACP5 and RUNX1 on LC biological process. The xenograft tumor in nude mice was constructed in vivo to verify in vitro results. Functional rescue experiment was performed by adding MAPK-specific activator P79350 to A549 cells with si-ACP5 to measure the effects of ERK/MAPK axis on LC progression. Consequently, we found ACP5 expression was higher in LC tissues and cells, and ACP5 silencing suppressed LC cell growth. Overexpression of ACP5 promoted malignant biological behavior of LC cells. RUNX1 could bind to ACP5 promoter, and overexpressed RUNX1 promoted ACP5 expression and LC cell growth. Moreover, ACP5 upregulated the ERK/MAPK axis and thus promoted LC progression. The results of xenograft tumor in nude mice showed that silencing ACP5 could inhibit the growth of LC cells in vivo. To conclude, silenced RUNX1 inhibits LC progression through the ERK/MAPK axis by binding to ACP5. This study may provide new approaches for LC treatment.

Aiming at how to identify radar threat quickly and efficiently, an evaluation index system for radar threat identification is constructed and a radar threat identification method based on Entropy-TOPSIS is proposed. It focused on the uncertainty of target attribute and avoided the subjective assumption of traditional TOPSIS method on the weight. The validity and feasibility of the method are proved by solving the problem of threat sequencing.

This paper presents the achievements of petrology and spectroscopy studies on rock samples collected from Danxia outcrops in southeast Sichuan area. The petrological study based on thin section observations was carried out using a polarizing microscope indicating that the Danxia rocks are mainly composed of quartz, plagioclase, and lithic grains, with hematite, limonite, and calcite cements. Some plagioclase and lithic grains are altered to clay minerals, while quartz grains are resistant to such alterations. The reflectance spectra of Danxia rocks were determined with an ASD spectrometer. All the measured spectra share similar characteristics that are different from those of granitic rocks and other land covers, such as vegetation, water, and soil. The spectra also have absorption features at ~840, ~2210, and ~2339 nm that are respectively related to hematite and limonite cements, altered clay minerals, and calcite cement. Application experiments suggest that remote sensing can be a useful tool for Danxia surveying and monitoring, but its capability relies on spectral and spatial resolutions.

The trace element compositions of zircons from four granitoids/metagranitoids in the Xiaoqinling area in the TransNorth China Orogen of the North China Craton were determined by in-situ laser ablation (LA) ICP-MS. The results were used to compute the zircon Ce anomaly, Ti-in-zircon temperature, and the magma oxygen fugacity. Generally, the Ce anomalies determined with La-Pr interpolation are prone to be underestimated due to the influence of tiny inclusions or analytical errors. This underestimation can markedly influence the data processing and generate unrealistically low oxygen fugacity values. In contrast, the lattice strain model yields more reliable results, and offers a robust tool in determining the magma oxidation state. The calculated magma oxygen fugacities are in the range of FMQ-1.41 to +3.21, FMQ-3.25 to +3.74, FMQ +3.66 to +5.27, and FMQ +2.51 to +4.67, respectively. The high average oxygen fugacities of FMQ +4.51 and FMQ +3.46 for a 1881 Ma old pegmatitic granite and 1866 Ma old granitic veins suggest these rocks were probably formed in arc setting, which further supports the ~1.8 Ga collision between the Western and Eastern Blocks of the North China Craton.

The granitoids and related polymetallic mineralization in the Zhejiang Province at the southeast margin of the Yangtze Block in China provide an important window to evaluate metallogeny associated with convergent margin magmatism. Here, we present geochronological, geochemical, and isotopic data from the granitic rocks of west Zhejiang, to constrain the timing of transformation of the tectonic setting of this region from volcanic arc to intra-plate during Late Mesozoic and its bearing on regional metallogeny. The granitic rocks in west Zhejiang can be geochemically subdivided into two groups. The first group is characterized by relatively steep rare earth element (REE) patterns with slight Eu anomalies, high Sr, low Yb, and negative Nb–Ta–Ti (NTT) anomalies, indicating a volcanic arc environment with a thickened crust in a convergent setting. The second group is featured by flat REE patterns with prominent negative Eu anomalies, low Sr, high Yb, and weak NTT anomalies, suggesting an intra-plate extensional environment with a thin crust. The geochronology of granitic rocks in west Zhejiang, combined with ages of regional tectonic basins and nappe structures, constrains the timing of the tectonic transformation to be in the range from 150 to 140 Ma. Sr–Nd isotopic data and a positive correlation displayed by oxygen fugacity (fO2), and La/Sm and Ba/Th ratios (proxies of subducted sediments and slab dehydration fluids) suggest that the high oxygen fugacity is probably related to the melting of subducted sediments and slab dehydration. From 180 to 80 Ma, due to the increasing dip angle of the subducted Izanagi Plate, the volcanic arc belt migrated oceanward, leaving most of the interior of Zhejiang Province under an intra-plate environment where insufficient subducted components and upwelling mantle generated reduced magmas which were not favorable for Cu–Mo mineralization. Our model provides a plausible explanation for the absence of Cu–Mo porphyry deposits in the adjacent region of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Anhui provinces (Zhe-Gan-Wan region) after 140 Ma.

Improving log vertical resolution is the principal pathway to enhance identification capability for the thin-layers. This paper introduces the method which is based on the wavelet transform and the deconvolution to improve log resolution. First, gain the sub-band information on the different scales after logging curve is decomposed by wavelet. Then the detailed coefficients on the third scale are processed with deconvolution filtering, and the detailed coefficients on the first scale are dealt with threshold denoising. At last, reconstruct the logging curve whose resolution is improved. The processed results of two wells’ logs indicate that the log vertical resolution has been improved obviously using this method, which can satisfy the demands of thin-layer evaluation.

We report results of laser ablation inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry-based dating, as well as the analysis of bulk-rock major and trace elements, and Sr–Nd isotopes to address the genesis and tectonic settings of the Yanshanian granitoids in neighbouring sections of Zhejiang, Jiangxi, and Anhui provinces (the WZG region) within the Yangtze block. Geochronological results indicate that intense magmatic activity took place during Jurassic to Cretaceous time in the WZG region. Three episodes can be clearly distinguished by their bulk-rock geochemistry. (1) Early–Middle Jurassic granitoids (180–170 Ma) have high Sr and low Yb content, high ϵNd(t) and low initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, and weakly negative Eu anomalies. These granitoids are strongly enriched with LREE, Rb, K, and Th but are depleted of HREE, Nb, and Ta. (2) Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous granitoids (165–140 Ma) have relatively low Sr and low Yb contents, as well as low ϵNd(t) and high initial 87Sr/86Sr ratios, with characteristics sim...

The Tongcun Mo porphyry deposit in northwest Zhejiang is hosted in three porphyry units: Huangbaikeng, Songjiazhuang, and Tongcun, from southwest to northeast. U–Pb zircon ages of 162 ± 3.0 Ma for the Huangbaikeng porphyry, 159.9 ± 3.0 Ma for the Songjiazhuang porphyry, and 167.6–155.6 Ma for the Tongcun porphyry indicate that these intrusions formed during the Jurassic and are most likely associated with the northwestward subduction of the Izanagi Plate. Trace element compositions of zircons from the Tongcun deposit constrain the oxygen fugacity (fO2) of the magma using zircon Ce anomalies and Ti-in-zircon temperatures. The average magmatic fO2 for the porphyries in the Tongcun deposit is fayalite–magnetite–quartz (FMQ) + 2.7, which is similar to the Shapinggou (FMQ + 3.2) and Dabaoshan (FMQ + 3.5) Mo porphyry deposits, but much higher than that of the reduced Cretaceous ore-barren Shangjieshou porphyry (FMQ-1.1) around 8 km away from the Tongcun deposit. The distinct difference in magmatic oxygen fugacity between the Jurassic and Cretaceous porphyries may help to explain the absence of Mo porphyry mineralization in northwest Zhejiang during the Cretaceous.

It is essential to investigate influence factors of inversion for improving inversion quality. Firstly to classify the influencing factors, then to make numerical experiment for each influence factor using the forward and inversion simulation technology. The results show that the collection parameters and quality of echoes have the great influence on the inversion quality, and the assigned parameters of T2 spectrum inversion have little influence. Hence, optimizing the parameter of echo collection can improve the T2 spectrum inversion quality and application effect of NMR. As for the assigned parameters, they could be selected flexibly according to the concrete conditions.

Eight new isocoumarin glycosides (1-8) were obtained from the solid culture of the wetland soil-derived fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (No. DTH12-10). Their chemical structures were elucidated by analyses of HR ESI-TOF MS, (1)H, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectra. The absolute configurations were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, circular dichroism (CD) spectrum, and chemical derivatization methods. In addition, inhibition of the biofilm formation and the secretion of virulence factor of the new isocoumarin glycosides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAOA (clinical isolates) were evaluated. The result revealed that compound 1 showed antibacterial activity comparable with (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone (BF).

In order to improve the application effect of the NMR in Petroleum exploration and development, the quality of T2 spectrum inversion need to be controlled. Echo resolution matrix,T2 spectrum resolution matrix are deduced, the quality control index of T2 spectrum inversion is provided: the stretch coefficient, maximum, minimum, average and range of principal diagonal elements of resolution matrix. Calculating the inversion quality control index under different observation modes and choosing the observation mode of resolution matrix approximate to unit matrix for data acquisition can improve T2 spectrum inversion quality. Numerical experimentation indicate there is very good consistency between inversion quality and control index. Hence, it may direct the design before NMR data acquisition, control inversion quality of T2 spectrum

Eight new isocoumarin glycosides (1-8) were obtained from the solid culture of the wetland soil-derived fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (No. DTH12-10). Their chemical structures were elucidated by analyses of HR ESI-TOF MS, (1)H, (13)C NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, and HMBC spectra. The absolute configurations were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, circular dichroism (CD) spectrum, and chemical derivatization methods. In addition, inhibition of the biofilm formation and the secretion of virulence factor of the new isocoumarin glycosides against Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain PAOA (clinical isolates) were evaluated. The result revealed that compound 1 showed antibacterial activity comparable with (Z)-4-bromo-5-(bromomethylene)-2(5H)-furanone (BF).

Poly(styrene-co-maleic anhydride) nanofibers with a uniform diameter of about 400 nm were prepared by eletrospinning a solution containing 50 % (w/v) polymer and 1% (w/v) LiCl, 25 cm gap between jection needle tip and collector, a flow rate of 200 L/h, and an applied voltage of 24 kV. β-D-galactosidase was immobilized to the electrospun nanofibers and subsequently used for synthesizing hexyl-galactoside, an important nonionic surfactants, by catalyzing the transgalactosylation reaction between hexanol and lactose. Co-electrospun LiCl was found leading to a significant enhancement in the enzyme loading and activity of the immobilized β-D-galactosidase compared to nanofiber without LiCl. After 7 reusing cycles at 37oC, the immobilized enzyme retained about 33% of its original activity.

The tropical rain forest in Xishuangbanna, SW China has a high floristic diversity and is closely related to Malaysian rain forests in flora. This forest would not normally be established in such a climatic region as Xishuangbanna (less precipitation and lower air temperature) compared to those of the lowland moist tropics. The mean annual rainfall is 1487 mm, which is considerably lower than rain forests in other parts of the world. It is believed that the frequent occurrence of radiation fog might play an important role in the water relations of plants and in the hydrological cycle of this type of rain forest. However, the multiple hydrological and ecological effects of radiation fog are not well understood. In this paper, we describe and analyze the significance of radiation fog to this forest, and develop a hypothesis that fog plays an important role in the presence of the tropical rain forest in Xishuangbanna. Suggestions for further research on the significance of fog are offered.

To identify the possible sources of fog drip, samples of rainfall, fog drip, throughfall, stemflow, stream water, river water, pond water and soil water were collected for 3 years (2002‐2004) for stable isotopic analysis, at a tropical seasonal rain forest site in Xishuangbanna, Southwest China. We found that radiation fog is produced mainly through evaporation from pond, river, and soil, and through forest evapotranspiration. The analyses suggest that evaporation from the stream is limited. In addition, radiation fog produced during the dry season (low absolute humidity) contained more terrestrially recycled water than fog produced during the rainy season (high absolute humidity). Forest evapotranspiration appears to be the largest fraction, but a more intense sampling scheme will be needed to assign the relative contribution of the different sources of fog. # 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

The title complex has been prepared and characterized by IR spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography. The crystals are monoclinic, space group P21, with a = 9.2010(9), b = 13.044(3), c = 9.888(4) A, β = 109.35(2)° and Z = 2. The structure has been refined to RF = 0.038 for 288 variables and 3385 observed Mo Kα reflections. The crystal consists of an assembly of [C(NH2)3]+ cations, [TiO(CO3)3]4− anions, and water molecules which are interlinked by hydrogen bonds to form a three-dimensional network. The coordination geometry about the titanium atom may be described as a distorted pentagonal bipyramid, the axial positions being occupied by the oxo ligand and an oxygen atom of one of the chelating bidentate carbonato ligands.

The reaction of VOCl2 with NH4HCO3 under CO2 afforded the title complex, shown by X-ray crystallography to contain a crown-shaped hexanuclear oxovanadium(IV) anion featuring bridging hydroxo and carbonato groups; the aggregate lies at a site of symmetry m and has approximate 3m symmetry, with one carbonato group functioning in a novel µ6 mode.