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The aim of this research was to describe the morphometry of the testicles and sperm of guinea pigs (Cavia porcellus) of two genetic groups, native and improved, from southern Ecuador. Twenty-two native and 20 improved guinea pigs of the Peru line were used. The animals were reared in elevated cages and fed with forage and concentrate, until reaching the slaughter age of 97 to 112 days. After slaughtering, the testicles and epididymis were removed, and the epididymis was separated of the testis. Measurements of the testicles were done, and sperm was collected from the epididymis by the retrograde flow washing technique. Semen smears were prepared for sperm measurements. The data were processed by GLM analysis of variance and the LSMeans procedure was used to compare the means (SAS v. 9.0). The morphometric parameters of the testes were different (p, El objetivo de esta investigación fue describir la morfometría de los testículos y espermatozoides de cuyes (Cavia porcellus) de dos grupos genéticos, nativos y mejorados, del sur de Ecuador. Se utilizaron 22 cuyes nativos y 20 mejorados de la línea Perú, los cuales fueron criados en jaulas elevadas y alimentados con forraje y concentrado, hasta alcanzar la edad de sacrificio de 97 a 112 días. Luego de faenados, se retiraron los testículos y epidídimos, y mediante disección se separó el epidídimo del testículo para tomar sus dimensiones, y recolectar los espermatozoides del epidídimo por la técnica de lavado por flujo retrógrado. Se prepararon frotis de semen para las mediciones de espermatozoides. Los datos se procesaron por análisis de varianza GLM y se utilizó el procedimiento LSMeans para comparar las medias (SAS V.9.0). Los parámetros morfométricos de los testículos fueron diferentes (p

The effect of the variety, size of the females and sex ratio in the production of eggs of Chitralada (CH: Oreochromis niloticus) and Taiwanese red (TR: O. mossambicus x O. niloticus) in outdoor concrete tanks were evaluated in a fish production unit located in the Andean foothills of the state of Trujillo, Venezuela. A 2x2x3 factorial arrangement design was used: two varieties (CH and TR), two sizes (large and small) and three female male proportions (1:1, 2:1 and 3:1). CH females produced greater volume and mass of eggs, spawned 2.4-fold more and were more fertile than TR (p, Se evaluó el efecto de la variedad, tamaño de las hembras y relación hembra macho en la producción de huevos de tilapias Chitralada (CH: Oreochromis niloticus) y Taiwanesa roja (TR: O. mossambicus x O. niloticus), en tanques de concreto al aire libre, en una unidad de producción piscícola localizada en el Piedemonte Andino del estado Trujillo, Venezuela. Se utilizó un diseño en arreglo factorial 2x2x3: dos variedades (CH y TR), dos tamaños (grades y pequeñas) y tres proporciones hembra macho (1:1, 2:1 y 3:1). Las hembras CH produjeron mayor volumen y masa de huevos, desovaron 2.4 veces más y fueron más fecundas que las TR (p

Con el fi n de caracterizar la explotación caprina en la comunidad de Mocoy Abajo, localizada en la parroquia Cruz Carrillo, municipio Trujillo del estado Trujillo, se realizó una investigación descriptiva, mediante un diseño no experimental, trasversal y de campo, con elementos de la Investigación Acción Participativa. Se encontró que el grupo familiar mayoritariamente vive en las mismas unidades de producción (UP). Las UP son predominantemente diversifi cadas, dedicadas a la producción de otros rubros adicionales a la cría de cabras, y en menor proporción están dedicadas exclusivamente a la mencionada actividad pecuaria. El principal grupo genético resultó ser el mestizo indefi nido producto del cruce no planifi cado de la cabra Criolla con razas mejoradas como la Canaria, Alpina y Nubian. El rebaño total fue de aproximadamente 50 animales, manejados bajo un sistema de producción extensivo. Las cabras presentaron una edad al parto que varió entre 26 y 34 meses, producción láctea entre 0,13 y 1,15 L/día, duración de lactancia entre 65,1 y 118,2 días, e intervalo entre partos entre 210-409 días. La alimentación fue principalmente a base de pastos. El plan sanitario se limitaba a vacunaciones obligatorias como la de la Fiebre Aftosa, y desparasitaciones. La cadena de comercialización identifi cada en la comunidad se describe como “productor-consumidor”, la cual aporta hasta un 77% de los ingresos económicos de las UP. Se observó que el estiércol caprino se aprovecha como fertilizante en los cultivos de la zona, lo que contribuye a reducir el uso de fertilizantes químicos. In order to characterize the goat farming in the community of Mocoy Abajo, located in the parish Cruz Carrillo, municipality Trujillo of Trujillo state, Venezuela, a descriptive research was conducted by a non-experimental, transversal and fi eld design with elements of Research Participatory Action. It was found that the family group lives mainly in the same production units (PU). The PU are predominantly diversifi ed, dedicated to different productive activities besides raising goats, and to a lesser extent, are dedicated exclusively to the abovementioned livestock activity. The goat herds are made by undefi ned crossbred animals, which resulted from the non-planned crossing of Creole goats with animals of Canary Islands, Alpine and Anglo-Nubian breeds. The herd consisted of approximately 50 animals managed under an extensive farming system. First calving age ranged between 26 and 34 months, milk production between 0.13 and 1.15 L/day, milking period between 65.1 and 118.2 days and calving interval between 210 and 409 days. The food was mostly based on natural pastures. The health plan was limited to the application of obligatory vaccinations as foot-and-mouth disease and deworming. The marketing of animals for meat and dairy products, described as “producer-consumer”, contributed up to 77% of the income of the PU. Also, it was observed that goat excretes were used as manure on crops of the area, contributing to reduce the use of chemical fertilizers. 69-84 dperdomocarrillo@gmail.com Semestral

Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo con el propósito de analizar la influencia del año, de la época, del mes, de la variedad genética y de la relación hembra macho sobre el desempeño reproductivo de un plantel de tilapias del género Oreochromis, propiedad de una unidad de producción piscícola ubicada en el municipio Andrés Bello del estado Trujillo, Venezuela. Se consideró como variable respuesta el porcentaje de hembras de tilapia reproductivamente activas o grávidas (con huevos o larvas en el interior de la boca). Los datos se analizaron mediante la regresión logística del paquete estadístico SAS. El porcentaje de hembras grávidas fue mayor (P 1,5:1 = 2,0:1 y > 2,0:1, respectivamente). Durante el año ocurrieron dos picos de actividad reproductiva, uno de mayor magnitud durante los primeros 4 meses del año y otro marcadamente menor entre julio y septiembre. En conclusión, irrespectivamente de la relación entre sexos, en las condiciones ambientales y de producción del plantel de reproductores de tilapia estudiado, las hembras se reprodujeron con mayor intensidad durante el periodo de sequía. Asimismo, fueron reproductivamente más activas las hembras de la variedad Oreochromis niloticus que de la Oreochromis spp. A retrospective study was conducted in order to analyze the effect of year, season, month, genetic strain and the sex ratio on reproductive performance of tilapias of the Oreochromis genus from a fish farm located in Andrés Bello County of Trujillo State, Venezuela. Data were analyzed by logistic regression of SAS. The percentage of gravid tilapias was greater (P 1.5:1 = 2.0:1 y > 2.0:1, respectively; P>0.05). Two peaks of reproductive activity occurred throughout the year; one of greater magnitude during the first 4 months of the year and other markedly smaller during July to September. In conclusion, regardless of sex ratio, under the environmental and production conditions of the tilapia broodstock studied, spawning performance of females was greater during the dry period. Furthermore, tilapias from the Oreochromis niloticus strain were reproductively more active than those from Oreochromis spp group. 78-87 ferromi@ula.ve dperdomocarrillo@gmail.com

Item does not contain fulltext Bone marrow involvement by lymphoma is considered a systemic dissemination of the disease arising elsewhere, although some tumors may arise primarily in the bone marrow microenvironment. Primary bone marrow lymphoma (PBML) is a rare entity whose real boundaries and clinicobiological significance are not well defined. Criteria to diagnose PBML encompass isolated bone marrow infiltration, with no evidence of nodal or extranodal involvement, including the bone, and the exclusion of leukemia/lymphomas that are considered to primarily involve the bone marrow. Twenty-one out of 40 lymphomas retrospectively reviewed by the International Extranodal Lymphoma Study Group from 12 institutions in 7 different countries over a 25-year period fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These cases comprised 4 follicular lymphomas (FLs), 15 diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs), and 2 peripheral T-cell lymphomas, not otherwise specified. The FL cases showed paratrabecular infiltration, BCL2 protein and CD10 expression, and BCL2 gene rearrangement. DLBCL showed nodular infiltration in 6 cases and was diffuse in 9 cases; it also showed positivity for BCL2 protein (9/10) and IRF4 (6/8). Median age was 65 years with male predominance. All but 3 FL patients were symptomatic. Most cases presented with cytopenias and high lactate dehydrogenase. Four patients (3 FL cases and 1 DLBCL case) had leukemic involvement. Most DLBCL patients received CHOP-like or R-CHOP-like regimens. The outcome was unfavorable, with a median overall survival of 1.8 years. In conclusion, PBML is a very uncommon lymphoma with particular clinical features and heterogenous histology. Its recognition is important to establish accurate diagnosis and adequate therapy. 01 februari 2012

Deoxyribonucleic acid microarrays allow researchers to measure mRNA levels of thousands of genes in a single experiment and could be useful for diagnostic purposes in patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). We assessed the feasibility of the AML profiler (Skyline (TM) Array) in genetic stratification of patients with de novo AML and compared the results with those obtained using the standard cytogenetic and molecular approach.Diagnostic bone marrow from 31 consecutive de novo AML cases was used to test MLL-PTD, FLT3-ITD and TKD, NPMI and CEBPAdm mutations. Purified RNA was used to assess RUNX1-RUNXITI, PML-RARa and CBF beta-MYII11 rearrangements. RNA remnants underwent gene expression profiling analysis using the AML profiler, which detects chromosomal aberrations: t(8;21), t(15;17), inv(16), mutations (CEBPAdm, ABD-NPMI) and BAALC and EVIL expression. Thirty cases were successfully analysed with both methods. Five cases had FLT3-ITD. In one case, a t(8;21) was correctly detected by both methods. Four cases had inv(16); in one, the RNA quality was unsatisfactory , and it was not hybridized, and in the other three, the AML profiler detected the genetic lesion - this being a rare type I translocation in one case. Two cases with acute promyelocytic leukaemia were diagnosed by both methods. Results for NPMI mutations were concordant in all but two cases (2/11, non-ABD mutations). Analysis of costs and turnaround times showed that the AML profiler was no more expensive than the conventional molecular approach. These results suggest that the AML profiler could be useful in multicentre trials to rapidly identify patients with AML with a good prognosis. Copyright (C) 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Con el objetivo de describir el crecimiento folicular y el tamaño del folículo dominante en vacas mestizas a pastoreo afectadas de enfermedades podales agudas, se seleccionaron 15 animales que presentaron claudicación, con sus respectivos controles. Se monitorearon los animales a través de un estudio ultrasonográfico diariamente, desde el momento de la aparición de la claudicación hasta 14 días después en forma continua y fue analizado por el método de los mínimos cuadrados. Los resultados muestran diferencias estadísticas (P0,05) con respecto a los animales sanos. Se concluye que las claudicaciones que se presentan en los animales producto de una enfermedad podal pueden afectar la funcionabilidad ovárica, lo cual puede comprometer el comportamiento reproductivo. In order to describe follicle growth and dominant follicle size in crossbred dairy cattle suffering acute foot diseases, 15 animals showing claudication were selected and compared with their respective controls. Animals were daily monitored through ultrasonographic evaluation, from the time of appearance of claudication up to 14 days. Data were analyzed by the method of Least squares. Results showed statistical differences (P

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Se realizo un experimento en el estado Trujillo, Venezuela, para evaluar el desempeño productivo de alevines de trucha arco iris (Oncorhynchus mykiss) afectados por restricción social de peces de mayor tamaño, a dos estrategias de alimentación. Durante 90 días (d), dos grupos de peces fueron alimentados con un alimento balanceado comercial de la forma siguiente: T1, 5 d de alimentación y 2 d de restricción (5A-2NA) y T2, 2 d de alimentación y 1 d de restricción (2A-1NA). Cada 15 d se determinaron el peso (g), la longitud (cm) y la biomasa íctica (kg) de los peces. Se consideraron variables de respuesta, la conversión alimenticia (CA), la ganancia diaria de peso (GDP), la tasa de crecimiento específica (TCE), y tasa de sobrevivencia (S). La CA no varió entre tratamientos (T1: 1,28 ± 0,05; T2: 1,37 ± 0,05) aunque la GDP y la TCE fue superior en T1 comparado con T2 (GDP: 1,93 ± 0,07 versus 1,68 ± 0,07 para T1 y T2, respectivamente; P

To test the role of endothelin 1 (END1) in luteolysis, an END receptor type A antagonist (BQ-610) was delivered into the corpus luteum (CL) during spontaneous luteolysis in sheep. On day 9 of the estrous cycle, an osmotic mini-pump containing 2 mg of BQ-610 (n = 12) or vehicle (n = 9) were implanted surgically in the ewes. Corpora lutea were collected 12 h after onset of estrus, or on the afternoon of day 21 in ewes that had not returned to estrus, and from untreated ewes on day 10 to 12 of the estrous cycle (mid-cycle CL). Three of 12 BQ-610-treated ewes did not show estrus before day 21 compared to 0 of 9 vehicle-treated ewes. Estrous cycles in vehicle-treated ewes averaged 15.5 ± 0.2 days. In the three BQ-610-treated ewes, luteal weights on day 21 were greater than in vehicle-treated ewes on the day of estrus (0.62 ± 0.05 versus 0.39 ± 0.03 g, respectively; P < 0.001), as were luteal contents of progesterone (P4) (20958.2 ± 1830.9 μg/g versus 1291.2 ± 1057.1 μg/g respectively; P

103-111 ferromi@ula.ve, ferromi3@cantv.net Bimestral

Background and objectives: Persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (PPBL) is a rare entity, presenting especially in adult smoker women. It is characterized by an increase of serum IgM, DR7-HLA haplotype, cytogenetic abnormalities and multiple IgH/BCL-2 rearrangements. To date, it has not been elucidated whether this is a benign or premalignant disorder. We analyzed the PPBL characteristics with especial attention to its evolution. Patients and methods: Thirty-five PPBL patients from 5 hospitals in Catalonia were retrospectively analyzed. A simultaneous morphologic review of the blood smears was performed by members of the GCCH in a 16 multiple-observer optic microscope. Clinical and biological data were also analyzed. Results: PPBL presents in the majority of cases with persistent polyclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and affects primarily smoker women. The morphologic hallmark, in absence of viral infections, is the presence of activated lymphocytes with bilobulated and/or cleaved nuclei, and nuclear pockets in the ultrastructural study. Increased serum IgM. HLA-DR7 haplotype, chromosomal abnormalities such as i(3)(q10) and multiple IgH/BCL-2 rearrangements were detected. Thirty-four out of 35 patients are alive after a median follow up of 70.7 months. One patient died because of lung adenocarcinoma and another developed a follicular lymphoma without relation to PPBL Conclusions: PPBL has an asymptomatic and stable evolution, although it frequently presents genetic abnormalities. It remains unknown whether it is a premalignant entity, similar to monoclonal gammopathies of unknown significance. Hence, accurate cytologic diagnosis and follow-up are essential. (C) 2010 Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.