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4. CONTRIBUTORS

Author

Abbasi, Soraya, primary, Abman, Steven H., additional, Adamson, S. Lee, additional, Adzick, N. Scott, additional, Albertine, Kurt H., additional, Alman, Benjamin A., additional, Altschuler, Steven M., additional, Anderson, Page A.W., additional, Anthony, Russell V., additional, Aron, Elisabeth A., additional, Aslan, Ahmet R., additional, Asselin, Jeanette M., additional, Auten, Richard L., additional, Avery, Mary Ellen, additional, Avner, Ellis D., additional, Baldwin, H. Scott, additional, Ballard, Philip L., additional, Bancalari, Eduardo, additional, Barker, David J.P., additional, Barker, Pierre M., additional, Battaglia, Frederick C., additional, Beauchamp, Gary K., additional, Beesley, Jacqueline, additional, Benchimol, Corinne, additional, Bennet, Laura, additional, Berg, Robert A., additional, Berry, Gerard T., additional, Berseth, Carol Lynn, additional, Bhutani, Vinod K., additional, Blecher, Stan R., additional, Blood, Arlin B., additional, Bolender, David L., additional, Boyd, Robert D.H., additional, Brace, Robert A., additional, Brewer, Eileen D., additional, Brophy, Patrick D., additional, Broussard, Delma L., additional, Bucuvalas, John C., additional, Burrin, Douglas G., additional, Byrne, Bridgette M.P., additional, Byskov, Anne Grete, additional, Cairo, Mitchell S., additional, Cannon, Barbara, additional, Caplan, Michael S., additional, Caplin, Neil, additional, Carlson, Susan E., additional, Carlton, David P., additional, Cashore, William J., additional, Chaiworapongsa, Tinnakorn, additional, Chemtob, Sylvain, additional, Chevalier, Robert L., additional, Chheda, Sadhana, additional, Christensen, Robert D., additional, Chu, David H., additional, Clancy, Robert Ryan, additional, Clandinin, M. Thomas, additional, Clark, David A., additional, Cleary-Goldman, Jane, additional, Clyman, Ronald I., additional, Cohen, Pinchas, additional, Corey, Howard E., additional, Cotton, Robert B., additional, Cowart, Beverly J., additional, Cowett, Richard M., additional, Crombleholme, Timothy M., additional, Crowe, James E., additional, Cuttler, Leona, additional, D'Alton, Mary E., additional, Danzer, Enrico, additional, De León, Diva D., additional, Delivoria-Papadopoulos, Maria, additional, Diaz, George A., additional, Dickinson, Chris J., additional, Dormans, John P., additional, Durand, David J., additional, Edwards, A. David, additional, Ennever, John F., additional, Erickson, Robert P., additional, Erol, Bulent, additional, Fahim, Mohamed A., additional, Feld, Leonard G., additional, Feldman, Miguel, additional, Fernandez, Lucas G., additional, Field, Douglas G., additional, Fisher, Delbert A., additional, Fox, William W., additional, Frank, Hans-Georg, additional, Friedlich, Philippe S., additional, Friedman, Aaron L., additional, Friedman, Joshua R., additional, Garland, Marianne, additional, Gervasi, Maria-Teresa, additional, Gibson, James B., additional, Gluckman, P.D., additional, Goldberg, Michael J., additional, Goldman, Armond S., additional, Goldstein, Gary W., additional, Gomez, R. Ariel, additional, Gondos, Bernard, additional, Grant, Denis M., additional, Green, Lucy R., additional, Greenspan, Jay S., additional, Grimberg, Adda, additional, Grindley, Justin C., additional, Gross, Ian, additional, Guignard, Jean-Pierre, additional, Gunn, Alistair J., additional, Haddad, Gabriel G., additional, Hagstrom, J. Nathan, additional, Halpern, Kathrin V., additional, Hambidge, K. Michael, additional, Hamosh, Margit, additional, Hanson, Mark A., additional, Haramati, Aviad, additional, Harding, Richard, additional, Harris, Mary Catherine, additional, Haxhiu, Musa A., additional, Hay, William W., additional, Hayward, Anthony R., additional, Heird, William C., additional, Herrera, Emilio, additional, Hill, Harry R., additional, Hillemeier, A. Craig, additional, Hirschhorn, Kurt, additional, Hoath, Steven B., additional, Horst, David A., additional, Hunley, Tracy E., additional, Hunter, Christian J., additional, Husain, Shahid M., additional, Hutson, Susan M., additional, Ikegami, Machiko, additional, Inder, Terrie E., additional, Jobe, Alan H., additional, Johnson, Lois H., additional, Johnston, Michael V., additional, Johnston, Richard B., additional, Jones, Deborah P., additional, Jones, Peter Lloyd, additional, Jose, Pedro A., additional, Kalhan, Satish C., additional, Kallapur, Suhas, additional, Kaplan, Stanley, additional, Karpen, Saul J., additional, Kashyap, Sudha, additional, Kaskel, Frederick J., additional, Levitt Katz, Lorraine E., additional, Kaufmann, Peter, additional, Keeney, Susan E., additional, Kilpatrick, Laurie, additional, Kinsella, John P., additional, Kirby, Margaret L., additional, Kleinman, Charles S., additional, Kogan, Barry A., additional, Koldovský, Otakar, additional, Kon, Valentina, additional, Kopecky, Ernest A., additional, Korchak, Helen M., additional, Koren, Gideon, additional, Krebs, Nancy F., additional, Kulik, Thomas J., additional, Kutikov, Jessica Katz, additional, La Pine, Timothy R., additional, Lasunción, Miguel Angel, additional, Laterra, John, additional, Lee, P.C., additional, Levine, Fred, additional, Lewis, David B., additional, Liacouras, Chris A., additional, Linshaw, Michael A., additional, Lister, George, additional, Loomis, Cynthia A., additional, Lorenz, John M., additional, Lobritto, Steven, additional, Lugo, Ralph A., additional, Maheshwari, Akhil, additional, Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J., additional, Mantilla, Carlos B., additional, Mariscalco, M. Michele, additional, Maródi, László, additional, Maršál, Karel, additional, Martin, Richard J., additional, Matthews, Dwight E., additional, McDuffie, Marcia, additional, McGowan, Jane E., additional, McManaman, James, additional, Mehmet, Huseyin, additional, Mennella, Julie A., additional, Metinko, Andrew, additional, Miller, Martha J., additional, Monagle, Paul, additional, Mortola, Jacopo P., additional, Mott, Glen E., additional, Mughal, M. Zulficar, additional, Mulroney, Susan E., additional, Munshi, Upender K., additional, Myatt, Leslie, additional, Myers, Margaret A., additional, Namgung, Ran, additional, Narkewicz, Michael R., additional, Nau, Heinz, additional, Nedergaard, Jan, additional, Neville, Margaret C., additional, Nielsen, Heber C., additional, Nogee, Lawrence M., additional, Noori, Shahab, additional, Norwitz, Errol R., additional, Norwood, Victoria F., additional, Ogata, Edward S., additional, Ohls, Robin K., additional, Olson, Thomas A., additional, Omari, Taher I., additional, Padbury, James F., additional, Palmert, Mark R., additional, Parravicini, Elvira, additional, Pereira, Gilberto R., additional, Perlman, Jeff M., additional, Philipps, Anthony F., additional, Pickoff, Arthur S., additional, Pinal, C.S., additional, Pleasure, David, additional, Pleasure, Jeanette, additional, Plonait, Sabine Luise, additional, Polin, Richard A., additional, Polk, Daniel H., additional, Pomeroy, Scott L., additional, Possmayer, Fred, additional, Post, Martin, additional, Power, Gordon G., additional, Prada, Jorge A., additional, Putet, Guy, additional, Pysher, Theodore J., additional, Quinn, Graham E., additional, Rabinovitch, Marlene, additional, Randell, Scott H., additional, Regnault, Timothy R.H., additional, Rieder, Michael J., additional, Rigatto, Henrique, additional, Rintoul, Natalie E., additional, Robillard, Jean E., additional, Robinson, Julian, additional, Romero, Roberto, additional, Rooney, Seamus A., additional, Rose, James C., additional, Rosenfeld, Charles R., additional, Ross, Arthur J., additional, Rudolph, Colin D., additional, Sahni, Rakesh, additional, Sarnat, Harvey B., additional, Satlin, Lisa M., additional, Saugstad, Ola Didrik, additional, Schibler, Kurt R., additional, Schulze, Karl, additional, Schwartz, Jeffrey, additional, Sedin, Gunnar, additional, Segar, Jeffrey L., additional, Seri, Istvan, additional, Setchell, Kenneth, additional, Shaffer, Thomas H., additional, Shaul, Philip W., additional, Shenai, Jayant P., additional, Sibley, Colin P., additional, Sieck, Gary C., additional, Siler-Khodr, Theresa M., additional, Silverstein, Faye S., additional, Simmons, Rebecca A., additional, Sivieri, Emidio M., additional, Slavkin, Harold C., additional, Snyder, Evan Y., additional, Snyder, Jeanne M., additional, Solhaug, Michael J., additional, Southern, Kevin W., additional, Spitzer, Adrian, additional, Spitzer, Alan R., additional, Stanley, Charles A., additional, Stapleton, F. Bruder, additional, Styne, Dennis, additional, Sweeney, William E., additional, Talner, Norman S., additional, Thornton, Paul S., additional, Truog, William Edward, additional, Tsang, Reginald C., additional, Tufro, Alda, additional, Ullrich, Nicole J., additional, Un, Socheata, additional, Van Aerde, John E., additional, van de Ven, Carmella, additional, van Goudoever, Johannes B., additional, Vannucci, Robert C., additional, Vannucci, Susan J., additional, van Tuyl, Minke, additional, Volpe, Joseph J., additional, Wallin, Reidar, additional, Warburton, David, additional, Ward, Robert M., additional, Weitkamp, Joern-Hendrik, additional, Werlin, Steven L., additional, Werner, Lynne A., additional, Wert, Susan E., additional, Westergaard, Lars Grabow, additional, Whitsett, Jeffrey A., additional, Wilke, Michaelann, additional, Williams, John V., additional, Williamson, Dermot H., additional, Winkelstein, Jerry A., additional, Winter, Jeremy S.D., additional, Woelkers, Douglas A., additional, Wolfson, Marla R., additional, Woroniecki, Robert P., additional, Yassir, Walid K., additional, Yip, Stephen, additional, Yoder, Mervin C., additional, Young, Sharla, additional, Young, Stephen L., additional, and Zhou, Dan, additional

Published
2004
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8. Enteral theophylline and necrotizing enterocolitis in the low-birthweight infant

Author

Hufnal-Miller, Carrie A., Blackmon, Lillian, Baumgart, Stephen, and Pereira, Gilberto R.

Subjects
Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous -- Risk factors, Birth weight, Low -- Health aspects, Theophylline -- Adverse and side effects, Health
Abstract

Enteral administration of theophylline to low-birthweight infants may contribute to the development of necrotizing entercolitis (NEC). NEC is an inflammation of the bowel mucosa that can be fatal for newborn infants. A two-phase study involving 13 infants with NEC and 39 controls and a second group of 59 premature infants born the same year examined their clinical courses and factors associated with developing NEC. The occurrence of NEC in low-birthweight infants is associated with a number of factors, including enteral theophylline treatment, introduction of large volumes of food and prolonged rupture of membranes. In contrast, infants born to mothers who had preeclampsia had a lower incidence of NEC, indicating a possibly protective effect on the infant. The study also showed that tolerance to theophylline increases with age, possibly indicating an association with increased intestinal maturity.

Published
1993

9. Serum myoinositol concentrations in premature infants fed human milk, formula for infants, and parenteral nutrition

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R., Baker, Lester, Egler, Joseph, Corcoran, Linda, and Chiavacci, Rosetta

Subjects
Infants (Newborn) -- Food and nutrition, Breast feeding -- Health aspects, Inositol -- Measurement, Inositol -- Health aspects, Infants (Premature) -- Food and nutrition, Infant formulas -- Analysis, Food/cooking/nutrition, Health
Abstract

Myoinositol is a sugar that is widely distributed in the human body and in various foods, including breast milk. It may be an important factor in human growth and is thought to play a role in the production of the surfactant, which protects the lungs of newborn babies suffering from respiratory distress syndrome. A study was conducted to determine: the normal blood levels of myoinositol in 65 mothers and infants at birth (both premature and full-term infants); the amount of this sugar in human milk, infant formula and parenteral (intravenous) feeding solutions; and levels of blood myoinositol in 15 premature infants receiving these three sources of nutrition. The results showed that at birth, the newborns had a higher blood level of myoinositol than their mothers. The myoinositol content of breast milk was significantly greater than the amount in parenteral solutions and infant formulas. During the three weeks that the group of 15 premature babies was studied, blood myoinositol increased in the breast-fed infants, but remained the same in the infants fed parenterally or with formula. It was concluded that newborns have higher blood myoinositol concentrations than adults and that their blood levels can be explained by the amount of the sugar supplied in their feedings. More research will be needed to assess whether myoinositol has a specific nutritional benefit and should be added to infant formulas. (Consumer Summary produced by Reliance Medical Information, Inc.)

Published
1990

15. Preface

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R., primary and Georgieff, Michael K., additional

Published
1995
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21. Nonnutritive Sucking During Gavage Feeding Enhances Growth and Maturation in Premature Infants.

Author

Bernbaum, Judy C., Pereira, Gilberto R., Watkins, John B., and Peckham, George J.

Subjects
*TUBE feeding, *PACIFIERS (Infant care), *PREMATURE infant physiology, *GASTROINTESTINAL motility
Abstract

The effects of nonnutritive sucking (NNS) by means of a pacifier during gavage feeding were studied in 30 premature infants whose birth weight was <1,500 g. The addition of NNS accelerated the maturation of the sucking reflex, facilitating a more rapid transition from gavage to oral feedings. Additionally, NNS decreased intestinal transit time and caused a more rapid weight gain despite comparable caloric intake resulting in a shortened hospital stay. Although the physiologic mechanisms resulting from this form of oral stimulation remain to be investigated, our data suggest that NNS may be an important factor to consider in the feeding of premature infants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1983
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22. Controlled Study of Transpyloric and Intermittent Gavage Feeding in the Small Preterm Infant.

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R. and Lemons, James A.

Subjects
*INFANT nutrition, *GESTATIONAL age, *INFANT health
Abstract

ABSTRACT. There were 53 appropriate for gestational age infants with a birth weight of less than 1,700 gm admitted to the Children's Hospital in Denver who were randomly assigned to two groups for garage or transpyloric (nasojejunal) feedings. The two groups were not significantly different in terms of gestational age, birth weight, and morbidity. No significant differences were observed for caloric intake after 4 days of age, growth parameters (weight, length, and head circumference), serum total protein levels, feeding-related complications, duration of intravenous fluid supplementation, and length of hospitalization. The results indicate that intermittent gastric gavage feedings are as efficacious as transpyloric feedings in supplying nutrition to the low birth-weight infant. Because of inherently greater risks, costs, radiation, and requisite personnel expertise, transpyloric feedings cannot be recommended as a routine method of feeding for the low birth-weight infant. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1981
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23. Decreased Oxygenation and Hyperlipemia During Intravenous Fat Infusions in Premature Infants.

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R., Fox, William W., Stanley, Charles A., Baker, Lester, and Schwartz, Jacob G.

Subjects
*PREMATURE infant diseases, *INTRAVENOUS fat emulsions, *HYPERLIPIDEMIA in children, *HYPOXEMIA, *PHYSIOLOGY, *DISEASE risk factors
Abstract

Abstract. Eighteen appropriate-for-gestational-age premature infants with birth weights ranging from 0.77 to 1.89 kg received 1 gm/kg of body weight of fat emulsion, intravenously, over a four-hour period. Infants less than 1 week of age developed a significant decrease in Po[sub 2] levels (P < .05) during the fat infusion period. There were no changes in other pulmonary function parameters. Infants less than 1 week of age also developed significantly higher peak levels of plasma triglycerides than infants 2 to 3 weeks old (P < .05). A correlation between increment in triglyceride levels and postnatal age was demonstrated (r = .75), with the younger infants presenting the higher triglyceride levels. This study demonstrates that: (1) small premature infants receiving intravenous fat are more susceptible to hyperlipemia and hypoxemia during the first week of life; (2) hypoxemia associated with intravenous fat infusion does not result from changes in lung dynamics; (3) the capacity to tolerate intravenous fats is enhanced after the first week of life. Pediatrics 66: 26-30, 1980. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1980
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24. Enteral Theophylline and Necrotizing Entero colitis in the Low-Birthweight Infant.

Author

Hufnal-Miller, Carrie A., Blackmon, Lillian, Baumgart, Stephen, and Pereira, Gilberto R.

Subjects
NEONATAL necrotizing enterocolitis, THEOPHYLLINE, NEONATAL diseases, LOW birth weight, ETIOLOGY of diseases, COLON diseases
Abstract

In a two-phased retrospective study, clinical factors associated with the development of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in neonates were identified. The first phase found 13 infants with NEC who had been treated more frequently with enteral theophylline (P < .025) and fed higher volumes (>150 mL/kg/day; P <.05) than controls of comparable birthweight and postnatal age. Seven of the 13 infants with NEC, weighing < 1,250 g at birth, had previously received intravenous aminophylline and been changed to enteral theophylline within six days before the onset of NEC. Prolonged rupture of membranes was more prevalent (P <.025) in infants with birthweight > 1,250 g who developed NEC in the first week of life. Maternal preeclampsia helped protect against the development of NEC (P <.05). In the second study phase, 59 infants with birthweights < 1,250 g were evaluated for gastrointestinal disturbance within five days of the introduction of any enteral medication. The frequencies of NEC, NEC scare, and feeding intolerance were greater in infants treated with enteral theophylline than in those treated with all other enteral medications combined (P < .05). This two-phased study confirms the multifactorial etiology of NEC and indicates that the administration of enteral theophylline to young infants <1,250 g may be a predisposing factor to GI disturbances and NEC. These findings warrant a further prospective investigation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1993
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27. Heart Rate and Sleep Time.

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R., Johnston, Francis E., McKinney, Shortie, Coleman, James R., Kurtz, Janice, Horowitz, Marc P., and Rounds, Jean L.

Published
1984

28. A Clinical Score for Predicting The Level of Respiratory Care in Infants With Respiratory Distress Syndrome.

Author

Peckham, George J., Schulman, Joseph, Pereira, Gilberto R., and Shutack, John G.

Subjects
RESPIRATORY distress syndrome, PULMONARY manifestations of general diseases, INFANT care, COMMUNITY health services, THERAPEUTICS, BIRTH weight
Abstract

A scoring system was developed to predict the need for transferring infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) from community hospitals to specialized respiratory care centers. Five clinical and laboratory determinations (birthweight, clinical RDS score, FIO2, Pco2 and pH) recorded from 100 infants with RDS during one year were utilized in a score with values ranging from 0 to 10. Application of the score to 159 infants with RDS during the following year showed that: (1) 73 per cent of infants scoring ≤3 received only oxygen by hood; (2) 75 per cent of infants scoring 4-5 required continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP); and (3) 87 per cent of infants scoring ≥6 needed mechanical ventilation (MV). Mean scores were significantly different (p < 0.02) for each type of respiratory therapy employed: oxygen by hood (2.30 ± 0.19 S.E.M.); CPAP (4.27 ± 0.16 S.E.M.); MV (6.72 ± 0.25 S.E.M.). The accuracy and simplicity of the score make it valuable for the physician in the community hospital to assist in deciding when to transfer a neonate with RDS for more intensive respiratory therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1979
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31. Hyperalimentation-Induced Cholestasis: Increased Incidence and Severity in Premature Infants

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R., Sherman, Michael S., DiGiacomo, Jane, Ziegler, Moritz, Roth, Karl, and Jacobowski, Diane

Abstract

• Two hundred sixty-seven neonates who received parenteral nutrition were monitored for signs of liver dysfunction. Cholestatic jaundice occurred in 23 infants, with a higher incidence in the more immature infants. There was an inverse correlation between severity of jaundice and the degree of prematurity. Infants with cholestasis remained without gastrointestinal feedings and received parenteral nutrition for periods of time significantly higher than infants without cholestasis. The incidence of this complication did not seem to correlate with the amount of protein infusate (amino acid solution). A higher incidence of sepsis was noted in infants who were affected by cholestasis. Close monitoring for signs of liver dysfunction in all neonates receiving parenteral nutrition is strongly recommended.(Am J Dis Child 1981;135:842-845)

Published
1981
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32. Controversies in Neonatal Nutrition

Author

Pereira, Gilberto R. and Barbosa, Nilse M.M.

Abstract

The authors discuss a number of controversial issues in neonatal nutrition: growth assessment; estimation of energy requirement; methods of feedings; adequacy of human milk for full term and premature infants; and additional supplementation of vitamins and minerals to infant feedings.

Published
1986
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