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Background: Burnout syndrome (BS) is composed of three interrelated dimensions (emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal fulfillment), and it has been documented that it affects health professionals from an early age., Aims: Determine the prevalence of BS and associated factors in the integral clinic of the Dentistry Pilot School. Material and Methods . Two instruments were applied: (1) Maslach Burnout Inventory, which measures the degree of professional burnout through 22 items that describe the professional's attitudes and feelings toward work, as well as symptoms associated with this phenomenon; (2) the second questionnaire determines the possible symptoms of BS and consists of 14 questions that describe tiredness, sleep problems, digestive problems, respiratory problems and headaches, temporomandibular joint (TMJ), neck pain, back pain, and upper and lower extremity pain. The instruments were answered anonymously by a total of 300 students who participated in the study., Results: The emotional exhaustion of the participants was 48.3% at a higher level, the depersonalization was 46.7% at a higher level, and the low perception of personal fulfillment was 73%. In addition, it was shown that BS is significantly related to marital status ( p < 0.001 ∗ ), with single people reporting being more exhausted, with the 6-month level ( p = 0.011) and with the following symptoms: non-neck pain, head, TMJ, back, waist, upper and lower body pain., Conclusion: It was found that the BS had a prevalence of high levels of exhaustion and depersonalization correlated with the marital status and level of preparation (academic degree) of the person, finding a prevalence of symptoms such as pain in the neck, head, TMJ, and back., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Luis Alberto Chauca Bajaña et al.)

Although cancer is characterized by an intratumoral genetic heterogeneity, a totally deranged pH control is a common feature of most cancer histotypes. Major determinants of aberrant pH gradient in cancer are proton exchangers and transporters, including V-ATPase, Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE), monocarboxylate transporters (MCTs) and carbonic anhydrases (CAs). Thanks to the activity of these proton transporters and exchangers, cancer becomes isolated and/or protected not only from the body reaction against the growing tumor, but also from the vast majority of drugs that when protonated into the acidic tumor microenvironment do not enter into cancer cells. Proton transporters and exchangers represent a key feature tumor cells use to survive in the very hostile microenvironmental conditions that they create and maintain. Detoxifying mechanisms may thus represent both a key survival option and a selection outcome for cells that behave as unicellular microorganisms rather than belonging to an organ, compartment or body. It is, in fact, typical of malignant tumors that, after a clinically measurable yet transient initial response to a therapy, resistant tumor clones emerge and proliferate, thus bursting a more malignant behavior and rapid tumor progression. This review critically presents the background of a novel and efficient approach that aims to fight cancer through blocking or inhibiting well characterized proton exchangers and transporters active in human cancer cells. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane channels and transporters in cancers., (Copyright © 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

We analyze the use of surgical neurolysis for the treatment of neuropathic pain of the inferior alveolar nerve. For that, 3 surgical neurolysis were performed on 2 postmenopausal women experiencing neuropathic pain of the inferior alveolar nerve due to mandibular necrosis resulting from treatment with oral bisphosphonates. Both patients showed sensory impairment of the inferior alveolar nerve. We obtained complete control of neuropathic pain after 6 months of the patients' evolution, preserving the function of the lingual nerve in all 3 neurolysis, without causing any impact as regards to the sensitive situation before treatment. Surgical neurolysis of the inferior alveolar nerve may be considered as the choice therapeutic technique to treat neuropathic pain of this nerve when there is a sensory impairment in patients showing mandibular necrosis resulting from bisphosphonates.

Two of the key proteins involved in tumor acidification are the V-ATPase and the tumor-associated carbonic anhydrases (CAs), such as CA IX and XII. Although there are many chemical classes of V-ATPase inhibitors, most of them are toxic for mammals and their potential use as antitumor drugs is limited. The proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), a class of antiulcer agents in clinical use for more than 30 years, have been proven to be useful in modulating tumor acidification, presumably by inactivating V-ATPase, through modification of Cys residues essential for the catalytic activity of the ATPase. This mechanism of action has yet to be demonstrated, but several recent clinical trials showed the efficacity of this approach for inhibiting the growth of tumors and their re-sensitivization to anticancer drugs such as cisplatin, or doxorubicin. Further studies are anyhow warranted to better understand the role of PPIs in the management of cancer. The monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) girentuximab, and its 124I -radiolabelled variant targeting CA IX are in advanced clinical trials both for the treatment and imaging of hypoxic tumors overexpressing CA IX. Small molecule CA IX inhibitors, of sulfonamide and coumarin type are in advanced preclinical evaluation, both for imaging and treatment of solid tumors and metastases in which CA IX/XII are present. As cancer is still a big clinical problem and most of the hypoxic tumors do not respond to classical anticancer drugs or to radiotherapy, the development of alternative anticancer approaches, such as interference with tumor acidification through inhibition of VATPase and CAs, represents an interesting avenue for future research.

Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate bone resorption around implants placed in alveolar bone previously subjected to distraction osteogenesis (DO)., Patients and Methods: The study included 9 patients who had undergone alveolar DO with subsequent placement of 37 implants. None of the implants was lost. Vertical peri-implant bone deficit was measured on the distal and mesial surfaces from panoramic radiographs obtained at implant loading and again 1 year later. Resorption over the year of loading was calculated as the increase in vertical bone deficit., Results: Mean peri-implant bone resorption over the first year after loading was 0.60 mm mesially and 0.68 mm distally. In both cases, the resorption (ie, the difference between the mean bone deficit at loading and 1 year later) was statistically significant (P < .05)., Conclusion: Vertical bone resorption around implants placed in distracted alveolar bone is similar to that seen around implants placed in nondistracted bone.