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1. Ariel: Enabling planetary science across light-years

Author

Tinetti, Giovanna, Eccleston, Paul, Haswell, Carole, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Leconte, Jérémy, Lüftinger, Theresa, Micela, Giusi, Min, Michel, Pilbratt, Göran, Puig, Ludovic, Swain, Mark, Testi, Leonardo, Turrini, Diego, Vandenbussche, Bart, Osorio, Maria Rosa Zapatero, Aret, Anna, Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe, Buchhave, Lars, Ferus, Martin, Griffin, Matt, Guedel, Manuel, Hartogh, Paul, Machado, Pedro, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Pallé, Enric, Rataj, Mirek, Ray, Tom, Ribas, Ignasi, Szabó, Robert, Tan, Jonathan, Werner, Stephanie, Ratti, Francesco, Scharmberg, Carsten, Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Boudin, Nathalie, Halain, Jean-Philippe, Haag, Martin, Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Kohley, Ralf, Symonds, Kate, Renk, Florian, Caldwell, Andrew, Abreu, Manuel, Alonso, Gustavo, Amiaux, Jerome, Berthé, Michel, Bishop, Georgia, Bowles, Neil, Carmona, Manuel, Coffey, Deirdre, Colomé, Josep, Crook, Martin, Désjonqueres, Lucile, Díaz, José J., Drummond, Rachel, Focardi, Mauro, Gómez, Jose M., Holmes, Warren, Krijger, Matthijs, Kovacs, Zsolt, Hunt, Tom, Machado, Richardo, Morgante, Gianluca, Ollivier, Marc, Ottensamer, Roland, Pace, Emanuele, Pagano, Teresa, Pascale, Enzo, Pearson, Chris, Pedersen, Søren Møller, Pniel, Moshe, Roose, Stéphane, Savini, Giorgio, Stamper, Richard, Szirovicza, Peter, Szoke, Janos, Tosh, Ian, Vilardell, Francesc, Barstow, Joanna, Borsato, Luca, Casewell, Sarah, Changeat, Quentin, Charnay, Benjamin, Civiš, Svatopluk, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, Coustenis, Athena, Cowan, Nicolas, Danielski, Camilla, Demangeon, Olivier, Drossart, Pierre, Edwards, Billy N., Gilli, Gabriella, Encrenaz, Therese, Kiss, Csaba, Kokori, Anastasia, Ikoma, Masahiro, Morales, Juan Carlos, Mendonça, João, Moneti, Andrea, Mugnai, Lorenzo, Muñoz, Antonio García, Helled, Ravit, Kama, Mihkel, Miguel, Yamila, Nikolaou, Nikos, Pagano, Isabella, Panic, Olja, Rengel, Miriam, Rickman, Hans, Rocchetto, Marco, Sarkar, Subhajit, Selsis, Franck, Tennyson, Jonathan, Tsiaras, Angelos, Venot, Olivia, Vida, Krisztián, Waldmann, Ingo P., Yurchenko, Sergey, Szabó, Gyula, Zellem, Rob, Al-Refaie, Ahmed, Alvarez, Javier Perez, Anisman, Lara, Arhancet, Axel, Ateca, Jaume, Baeyens, Robin, Barnes, John R., Bell, Taylor, Benatti, Serena, Biazzo, Katia, Błęcka, Maria, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bosch, José, Bossini, Diego, Bourgalais, Jeremy, Brienza, Daniele, Brucalassi, Anna, Bruno, Giovanni, Caines, Hamish, Calcutt, Simon, Campante, Tiago, Canestrari, Rodolfo, Cann, Nick, Casali, Giada, Casas, Albert, Cassone, Giuseppe, Cara, Christophe, Carone, Ludmila, Carrasco, Nathalie, Chioetto, Paolo, Cortecchia, Fausto, Czupalla, Markus, Chubb, Katy L., Ciaravella, Angela, Claret, Antonio, Claudi, Riccardo, Codella, Claudio, Comas, Maya Garcia, Cracchiolo, Gianluca, Cubillos, Patricio, Da Peppo, Vania, Decin, Leen, Dejabrun, Clemence, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Di Giorgio, Anna, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Dorn, Caroline, Doublier, Vanessa, Doumayrou, Eric, Dransfield, Georgina, Dumaye, Luc, Dunford, Emma, Escobar, Antonio Jimenez, Van Eylen, Vincent, Farina, Maria, Fedele, Davide, Fernández, Alejandro, Fleury, Benjamin, Fonte, Sergio, Fontignie, Jean, Fossati, Luca, Funke, Bernd, Galy, Camille, Garai, Zoltán, García, Andrés, García-Rigo, Alberto, Garufi, Antonio, Sacco, Giuseppe Germano, Giacobbe, Paolo, Gómez, Alejandro, Gonzalez, Arturo, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Grassi, Davide, Griffith, Caitlin, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Goujon, Audrey, Gressier, Amélie, Grzegorczyk, Aleksandra, Guillot, Tristan, Guilluy, Gloria, Hargrave, Peter, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Herrero, Enrique, Hills, Matt, Horeau, Benoit, Ito, Yuichi, Jessen, Niels Christian, Kabath, Petr, Kálmán, Szilárd, Kawashima, Yui, Kimura, Tadahiro, Knížek, Antonín, Kreidberg, Laura, Kruid, Ronald, Kruijssen, Diederik J. M., Kubelík, Petr, Lara, Luisa, Lebonnois, Sebastien, Lee, David, Lefevre, Maxence, Lichtenberg, Tim, Locci, Daniele, Lombini, Matteo, Lopez, Alejandro Sanchez, Lorenzani, Andrea, MacDonald, Ryan, Magrini, Laura, Maldonado, Jesus, Marcq, Emmanuel, Migliorini, Alessandra, Modirrousta-Galian, Darius, Molaverdikhani, Karan, Molinari, Sergio, Mollière, Paul, Moreau, Vincent, Morello, Giuseppe, Morinaud, Gilles, Morvan, Mario, Moses, Julianne I., Mouzali, Salima, Nakhjiri, Nariman, Naponiello, Luca, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nikolaou, Athanasia, Noce, Vladimiro, Oliva, Fabrizio, Palladino, Pietro, Papageorgiou, Andreas, Parmentier, Vivien, Peres, Giovanni, Pérez, Javier, Perez-Hoyos, Santiago, Perger, Manuel, Pestellini, Cesare Cecchi, Petralia, Antonino, Philippon, Anne, Piccialli, Arianna, Pignatari, Marco, Piotto, Giampaolo, Podio, Linda, Polenta, Gianluca, Preti, Giampaolo, Pribulla, Theodor, Puertas, Manuel Lopez, Rainer, Monica, Reess, Jean-Michel, Rimmer, Paul, Robert, Séverine, Rosich, Albert, Rossi, Loic, Rust, Duncan, Saleh, Ayman, Sanna, Nicoletta, Schisano, Eugenio, Schreiber, Laura, Schwartz, Victor, Scippa, Antonio, Seli, Bálint, Shibata, Sho, Simpson, Caroline, Shorttle, Oliver, Skaf, N., Skup, Konrad, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Sousa, Sergio, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Šponer, Judit, Steiger, Lukas, Tanga, Paolo, Tackley, Paul, Taylor, Jake, Tecza, Matthias, Terenzi, Luca, Tremblin, Pascal, Tozzi, Andrea, Triaud, Amaury, Trompet, Loïc, Tsai, Shang-Min, Tsantaki, Maria, Valencia, Diana, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Van der Swaelmen, Mathieu, Vardan, Adibekyan, Vasisht, Gautam, Vazan, Allona, Del Vecchio, Ciro, Waltham, Dave, Wawer, Piotr, Widemann, Thomas, Wolkenberg, Paulina, Yip, Gordon Hou, Yung, Yuk, Zilinskas, Mantas, Zingales, Tiziano, and Zuppella, Paola

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Ariel, the Atmospheric Remote-sensing Infrared Exoplanet Large-survey, was adopted as the fourth medium-class mission in ESA's Cosmic Vision programme to be launched in 2029. During its 4-year mission, Ariel will study what exoplanets are made of, how they formed and how they evolve, by surveying a diverse sample of about 1000 extrasolar planets, simultaneously in visible and infrared wavelengths. It is the first mission dedicated to measuring the chemical composition and thermal structures of hundreds of transiting exoplanets, enabling planetary science far beyond the boundaries of the Solar System. The payload consists of an off-axis Cassegrain telescope (primary mirror 1100 mm x 730 mm ellipse) and two separate instruments (FGS and AIRS) covering simultaneously 0.5-7.8 micron spectral range. The satellite is best placed into an L2 orbit to maximise the thermal stability and the field of regard. The payload module is passively cooled via a series of V-Groove radiators; the detectors for the AIRS are the only items that require active cooling via an active Ne JT cooler. The Ariel payload is developed by a consortium of more than 50 institutes from 16 ESA countries, which include the UK, France, Italy, Belgium, Poland, Spain, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Portugal, Czech Republic, Hungary, the Netherlands, Sweden, Norway, Estonia, and a NASA contribution., Comment: Ariel Definition Study Report, 147 pages. Reviewed by ESA Science Advisory Structure in November 2020. Original document available at: https://www.cosmos.esa.int/documents/1783156/3267291/Ariel_RedBook_Nov2020.pdf/

Published
2021

2. Auto-correlation functions of astrophysical processes, and their relation to Gaussian processes; Application to radial velocities of different starspot configurations

Author

Perger, Manuel, Anglada-Escudé, Guillem, Ribas, Ignasi, Rosich, Albert, Herrero, Enrique, and Morales, Juan Carlos

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

Accounting for the effects of stellar magnetic phenomena is indispensable to fully exploit radial velocities (RVs). Correlated time variations are often mitigated by Gaussian processes (GP). They rely on fitting kernel functions that are motivated on mathematical grounds, and whose physical interpretation is often elusive. We aim to establish a connection between stellar activity affecting RVs and their correlations with physical parameters, and compare this connection with kernels used in the literature. We use simple activity models to investigate the relationship between the physical processes generating the signals and the covariances typically found in data, and to demonstrate the qualitative behaviour of this relationship. We use the StarSim code to calculate RVs of an M dwarf with different realistic evolving spot configurations. Their auto-correlation functions (ACF) show a very specific behaviour and are related to the kernel. GP regression is performed using a quasi-periodic (QP) and harmonic oscillator kernels. Comparison of the resulting kernels with the exact ACFs allows us to cross-match the kernel hyper-parameters with the introduced physical values, study the overall capabilities of the kernels, and improve their definition. We find that the QP kernel provides a more straightforward interpretation of the physics. It is able to consistently recover both the introduced rotation period P and the spot lifetime. Our study indicates that the performance can be enhanced by fixing the form factor w and adding a physically motivated cosine term with period P/2, where the contribution to the ACF for the different spot configurations differs significantly. The new quasi-periodic with cosine kernel leads to significantly better model likelihoods, can potentially distinguish between different spot configurations, and can thereby improve the sensitivity of RV exoplanet searches.

Published
2020
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3. The K2-ESPRINT Project II: Spectroscopic follow-up of three exoplanet systems from Campaign 1 of K2

Author

Van Eylen, Vincent, Nowak, Grzegorz, Albrecht, Simon, Palle, Enric, Ribas, Ignasi, Bruntt, Hans, Perger, Manuel, Gandolfi, Davide, Hirano, Teriyuki, Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto, Kiilerich, Amanda, Arranz, Jorge P., Badenas, Mariona, Dai, Fei, Deeg, Hans J., Guenther, Eike W., Montanes-Rodriguez, Pilar, Narita, Norio, Rogers, Leslie A., Bejar, Victor J. S., Shrotriya, Tushar S., Winn, Joshua N., and Sebastian, Daniel

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We report on Doppler observations of three transiting planet candidates that were detected during Campaign 1 of the K2 mission. The Doppler observations were conducted with FIES, HARPS-N and HARPS. We measure the mass of K2-27b (EPIC 201546283b), and provide constraints and upper limits for EPIC 201295312b and EPIC 201577035b. K2-27b is a warm Neptune orbiting its host star in 6.77 days and has a radius of $4.45^{+0.33}_{-0.33}~\mathrm{R_\oplus}$ and a mass of $29.1^{+7.5}_{-7.4}~\mathrm{M_\oplus}$, which leads to a mean density of $1.80^{+0.70}_{-0.55}~\mathrm{g~cm^{-3}}$. EPIC 201295312b is smaller than Neptune with an orbital period of 5.66 days, radius $2.75^{+0.24}_{-0.22}~\mathrm{R_\oplus}$ and we constrain the mass to be below $12~\mathrm{M_\oplus}$ at 95% confidence. We also find a long-term trend indicative of another body in the system. EPIC 201577035b, previously confirmed as the planet K2-10b, is smaller than Neptune orbiting its host star in 19.3 days, with radius $3.84^{+0.35}_{-0.34}~\mathrm{R_\oplus}$. We determine its mass to be $27^{+17}_{-16}~\mathrm{M_\oplus}$, with a 95% confidence uppler limit at $57~\mathrm{M_\oplus}$, and mean density $2.6^{+2.1}_{-1.6}~{\rm g~cm}^{-3}$. These measurements join the relatively small collection of planets smaller than Neptune with measurements or constraints of the mean density. Our code for performing K2 photometry and detecting planetary transits is now publicly available., Comment: Accepted for publication in ApJ

Published
2016
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4. Modelling the photosphere of active stars for planet detection and characterization

Author

Herrero, Enrique, Ribas, Ignasi, Jordi, Carme, Morales, Juan Carlos, Perger, Manuel, and Rosich, Albert

Subjects
Astrophysics - Earth and Planetary Astrophysics
Abstract

Stellar activity patterns are responsible for jitter effects that are observed at different timescales and amplitudes. These effects are currently in the focus of many exoplanet search projects, since the lack of a well-defined characterization and correction strategy hampers the detection of the signals associated with small exoplanets. Accurate simulations of the stellar photosphere can provide synthetic time series data. These may help to investigate the relation between activity jitter and stellar parameters when considering different active region patterns. Moreover, jitters can be analysed at different wavelength scales in order to design strategies to remove or minimize them. In this work we present the StarSim tool, which is based on a model for a spotted rotating photosphere built from the integration of the spectral contribution of a fine grid of surface elements. The model includes all significant effects affecting the flux intensities and the wavelength of spectral features produced by active regions and planets. A specific application for the characterization and modelling of the spectral signature of active regions is considered, showing that the chromatic effects of faculae are dominant for low temperature contrasts of spots. Synthetic time series are modelled for HD 189733. Our algorithm reproduces both the photometry and the RVs to good precision, generally better than the studies published to date. We evaluate the RV signature of the activity in HD 189733 by exploring a grid of solutions from the photometry. We find that the use of RV data in the inverse problem could break degeneracies and allow for a better determination of some stellar and activity parameters. In addition, the effects of spots are studied for a set of simulated transit photometry, showing that these can introduce variations which are very similar to the signal of an atmosphere dominated by dust., Comment: 19 pages, 13 figures

Published
2015
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5. A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

Author

Tinetti, Giovanna, Drossart, Pierre, Eccleston, Paul, Hartogh, Paul, Heske, Astrid, Leconte, Jérémy, Micela, Giusi, Ollivier, Marc, Pilbratt, Göran, Puig, Ludovic, Turrini, Diego, Vandenbussche, Bart, Wolkenberg, Paulina, Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe, Buchave, Lars A., Ferus, Martin, Griffin, Matt, Guedel, Manuel, Justtanont, Kay, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Machado, Pedro, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Min, Michiel, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Rataj, Mirek, Ray, Tom, Ribas, Ignasi, Swain, Mark, Szabo, Robert, Werner, Stephanie, Barstow, Joanna, Burleigh, Matt, Cho, James, du Foresto, Vincent Coudé, Coustenis, Athena, Decin, Leen, Encrenaz, Therese, Galand, Marina, Gillon, Michael, Helled, Ravit, Morales, Juan Carlos, Muñoz, Antonio García, Moneti, Andrea, Pagano, Isabella, Pascale, Enzo, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Pinfield, David, Sarkar, Subhajit, Selsis, Franck, Tennyson, Jonathan, Triaud, Amaury, Venot, Olivia, Waldmann, Ingo, Waltham, David, Wright, Gillian, Amiaux, Jerome, Auguères, Jean-Louis, Berthé, Michel, Bezawada, Naidu, Bishop, Georgia, Bowles, Neil, Coffey, Deirdre, Colomé, Josep, Crook, Martin, Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Da Peppo, Vania, Sanz, Isabel Escudero, Focardi, Mauro, Frericks, Martin, Hunt, Tom, Kohley, Ralf, Middleton, Kevin, Morgante, Gianluca, Ottensamer, Roland, Pace, Emanuele, Pearson, Chris, Stamper, Richard, Symonds, Kate, Rengel, Miriam, Renotte, Etienne, Ade, Peter, Affer, Laura, Alard, Christophe, Allard, Nicole, Altieri, Francesca, André, Yves, Arena, Claudio, Argyriou, Ioannis, Aylward, Alan, Baccani, Cristian, Bakos, Gaspar, Banaszkiewicz, Marek, Barlow, Mike, Batista, Virginie, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Benatti, Serena, Bernardi, Pernelle, Bézard, Bruno, Blecka, Maria, Bolmont, Emeline, Bonfond, Bertrand, Bonito, Rosaria, Bonomo, Aldo S., Brucato, John Robert, Brun, Allan Sacha, Bryson, Ian, Bujwan, Waldemar, Casewell, Sarah, Charnay, Bejamin, Pestellini, Cesare Cecchi, Chen, Guo, Ciaravella, Angela, Claudi, Riccardo, Clédassou, Rodolphe, Damasso, Mario, Damiano, Mario, Danielski, Camilla, Deroo, Pieter, Di Giorgio, Anna Maria, Dominik, Carsten, Doublier, Vanessa, Doyle, Simon, Doyon, René, Drummond, Benjamin, Duong, Bastien, Eales, Stephen, Edwards, Billy, Farina, Maria, Flaccomio, Ettore, Fletcher, Leigh, Forget, François, Fossey, Steve, Fränz, Markus, Fujii, Yuka, García-Piquer, Álvaro, Gear, Walter, Geoffray, Hervé, Gérard, Jean Claude, Gesa, Lluis, Gomez, H., Graczyk, Rafał, Griffith, Caitlin, Grodent, Denis, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Gustin, Jacques, Hamano, Keiko, Hargrave, Peter, Hello, Yann, Heng, Kevin, Herrero, Enrique, Hornstrup, Allan, Hubert, Benoit, Ida, Shigeru, Ikoma, Masahiro, Iro, Nicolas, Irwin, Patrick, Jarchow, Christopher, Jaubert, Jean, Jones, Hugh, Julien, Queyrel, Kameda, Shingo, Kerschbaum, Franz, Kervella, Pierre, Koskinen, Tommi, Krijger, Matthijs, Krupp, Norbert, Lafarga, Marina, Landini, Federico, Lellouch, Emanuel, Leto, Giuseppe, Luntzer, A., Rank-Lüftinger, Theresa, Maggio, Antonio, Maldonado, Jesus, Maillard, Jean-Pierre, Mall, Urs, Marquette, Jean-Baptiste, Mathis, Stephane, Maxted, Pierre, Matsuo, Taro, Medvedev, Alexander, Miguel, Yamila, Minier, Vincent, Morello, Giuseppe, Mura, Alessandro, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nguyen Tong, N., Noce, Vladimiro, Oliva, Fabrizio, Palle, Enric, Palmer, Paul, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Papageorgiou, Andreas, Parmentier, Vivien, Perger, Manuel, Petralia, Antonino, Pezzuto, Stefano, Pierrehumbert, Ray, Pillitteri, Ignazio, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pisano, Giampaolo, Prisinzano, Loredana, Radioti, Aikaterini, Réess, Jean-Michel, Rezac, Ladislav, Rocchetto, Marco, Rosich, Albert, Sanna, Nicoletta, Santerne, Alexandre, Savini, Giorgio, Scandariato, Gaetano, Sicardy, Bruno, Sierra, Carles, Sindoni, Giuseppe, Skup, Konrad, Snellen, Ignas, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Soret, Lauriane, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Stiepen, A., Strugarek, Antoine, Taylor, Jake, Taylor, William, Terenzi, Luca, Tessenyi, Marcell, Tsiaras, Angelos, Tucker, C., Valencia, Diana, Vasisht, Gautam, Vazan, Allona, Vilardell, Francesc, Vinatier, Sabrine, Viti, Serena, Waters, Rens, Wawer, Piotr, Wawrzaszek, Anna, Whitworth, Anthony, Yung, Yuk L., Yurchenko, Sergey N., Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Zellem, Robert, Zingales, Tiziano, and Zwart, Frans

Published
2018
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6. Ariel: Enabling planetary science across light-years

Author

Tinetti, Giovanna, Eccleston, Paul, Haswell, Carole, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Leconte, Jérémy, Lüftinger, Theresa, Micela, Giusi, Min, Michel, Pilbratt, Göran, Puig, Ludovic, Swain, Mark, Testi, Leonardo, Turrini, Diego, Vandenbussche, Bart, Osorio, Maria Rosa Zapatero, Aret, Anna, Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe, Buchhave, Lars, Ferus, Martin, Griffin, Matt, Guedel, Manuel, Hartogh, Paul, Machado, Pedro, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Pallé, Enric, Rataj, Mirek, Ray, Tom, Ribas, Ignasi, Szabó, Robert, Tan, Jonathan, Werner, Stephanie, Ratti, Francesco, Scharmberg, Carsten, Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Boudin, Nathalie, Halain, Jean-Philippe, Haag, Martin, Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Kohley, Ralf, Symonds, Kate, Renk, Florian, Caldwell, Andrew, Abreu, Manuel, Alonso, Gustavo, Amiaux, Jerome, Berthé, Michel, Bishop, Georgia, Bowles, Neil, Carmona, Manuel, Coffey, Deirdre, Colomé, Josep, Crook, Martin, Désjonqueres, Lucile, Díaz, José J., Drummond, Rachel, Focardi, Mauro, Gómez, Jose M., Holmes, Warren, Krijger, Matthijs, Kovacs, Zsolt, Hunt, Tom, Machado, Richardo, Morgante, Gianluca, Ollivier, Marc, Ottensamer, Roland, Pace, Emanuele, Pagano, Teresa, Pascale, Enzo, Pearson, Chris, Pedersen, Søren Møller, Pniel, Moshe, Roose, Stéphane, Savini, Giorgio, Stamper, Richard, Szirovicza, Peter, Szoke, Janos, Tosh, Ian, Vilardell, Francesc, Barstow, Joanna, Borsato, Luca, Casewell, Sarah, Changeat, Quentin, Charnay, Benjamin, Civiš, Svatopluk, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, Coustenis, Athena, Cowan, Nicolas, Danielski, Camilla, Demangeon, Olivier, Drossart, Pierre, Edwards, Billy N., Gilli, Gabriella, Encrenaz, Therese, Kiss, Csaba, Kokori, Anastasia, Ikoma, Masahiro, Morales, Juan Carlos, Mendonça, João, Moneti, Andrea, Mugnai, Lorenzo, Muñoz, Antonio García, Helled, Ravit, Kama, Mihkel, Miguel, Yamila, Nikolaou, Nikos, Pagano, Isabella, Panic, Olja, Rengel, Miriam, Rickman, Hans, Rocchetto, Marco, Sarkar, Subhajit, Selsis, Franck, Tennyson, Jonathan, Tsiaras, Angelos, Venot, Olivia, Vida, Krisztián, Waldmann, Ingo P., Yurchenko, Sergey, Szabó, Gyula, Zellem, Rob, Al-Refaie, Ahmed, Alvarez, Javier Perez, Anisman, Lara, Arhancet, Axel, Ateca, Jaume, Baeyens, Robin, Barnes, John R., Bell, Taylor, Benatti, Serena, Biazzo, Katia, Błęcka, Maria, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bosch, José, Bossini, Diego, Bourgalais, Jeremy, Brienza, Daniele, Brucalassi, Anna, Bruno, Giovanni, Caines, Hamish, Calcutt, Simon, Campante, Tiago, Canestrari, Rodolfo, Cann, Nick, Casali, Giada, Casas, Albert, Cassone, Giuseppe, Cara, Christophe, Carone, Ludmila, Carrasco, Nathalie, Chioetto, Paolo, Cortecchia, Fausto, Czupalla, Markus, Chubb, Katy L., Ciaravella, Angela, Claret, Antonio, Claudi, Riccardo, Codella, Claudio, Comas, Maya Garcia, Cracchiolo, Gianluca, Cubillos, Patricio, Peppo, Vania Da, Decin, Leen, Dejabrun, Clemence, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Giorgio, Anna Di, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Dorn, Caroline, Doublier, Vanessa, Doumayrou, Eric, Dransfield, Georgina, Dumaye, Luc, Dunford, Emma, Escobar, Antonio Jimenez, Eylen, Vincent Van, Farina, Maria, Fedele, Davide, Fernández, Alejandro, Fleury, Benjamin, Fonte, Sergio, Fontignie, Jean, Fossati, Luca, Funke, Bernd, Galy, Camille, Garai, Zoltán, García, Andrés, García-Rigo, Alberto, Garufi, Antonio, Sacco, Giuseppe Germano, Giacobbe, Paolo, Gómez, Alejandro, Gonzalez, Arturo, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Grassi, Davide, Griffith, Caitlin, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Goujon, Audrey, Gressier, Amélie, Grzegorczyk, Aleksandra, Guillot, Tristan, Guilluy, Gloria, Hargrave, Peter, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Herrero, Enrique, Hills, Matt, Horeau, Benoit, Ito, Yuichi, Jessen, Niels Christian, Kabath, Petr, Kálmán, Szilárd, Kawashima, Yui, Kimura, Tadahiro, Knížek, Antonín, Kreidberg, Laura, Kruid, Ronald, Kruijssen, Diederik J. M., Kubelík, Petr, Lara, Luisa, Lebonnois, Sebastien, Lee, David, Lefevre, Maxence, Lichtenberg, Tim, Locci, Daniele, Lombini, Matteo, Lopez, Alejandro Sanchez, Lorenzani, Andrea, MacDonald, Ryan, Magrini, Laura, Maldonado, Jesus, Marcq, Emmanuel, Migliorini, Alessandra, Modirrousta-Galian, Darius, Molaverdikhani, Karan, Molinari, Sergio, Mollière, Paul, Moreau, Vincent, Morello, Giuseppe, Morinaud, Gilles, Morvan, Mario, Moses, Julianne I., Mouzali, Salima, Nakhjiri, Nariman, Naponiello, Luca, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nikolaou, Athanasia, Noce, Vladimiro, Oliva, Fabrizio, Palladino, Pietro, Papageorgiou, Andreas, Parmentier, Vivien, Peres, Giovanni, Pérez, Javier, Perez-Hoyos, Santiago, Perger, Manuel, Pestellini, Cesare Cecchi, Petralia, Antonino, Philippon, Anne, Piccialli, Arianna, Pignatari, Marco, Piotto, Giampaolo, Podio, Linda, Polenta, Gianluca, Preti, Giampaolo, Pribulla, Theodor, Puertas, Manuel Lopez, Rainer, Monica, Reess, Jean-Michel, Rimmer, Paul, Robert, Séverine, Rosich, Albert, Rossi, Loic, Rust, Duncan, Saleh, Ayman, Sanna, Nicoletta, Schisano, Eugenio, Schreiber, Laura, Schwartz, Victor, Scippa, Antonio, Seli, Bálint, Shibata, Sho, Simpson, Caroline, Shorttle, Oliver, Skaf, N., Skup, Konrad, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Sousa, Sergio, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Šponer, Judit, Steiger, Lukas, Tanga, Paolo, Tackley, Paul, Taylor, Jake, Tecza, Matthias, Terenzi, Luca, Tremblin, Pascal, Tozzi, Andrea, Triaud, Amaury, Trompet, Loïc, Tsai, Shang-Min, Tsantaki, Maria, Valencia, Diana, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Swaelmen, Mathieu Van der, Vardan, Adibekyan, Vasisht, Gautam, Vazan, Allona, Vecchio, Ciro Del, Waltham, Dave, Wawer, Piotr, Widemann, Thomas, Wolkenberg, Paulina, Yip, Gordon Hou, Yung, Yuk, Zilinskas, Mantas, Zingales, Tiziano, Zuppella, Paola, Tinetti, Giovanna, Eccleston, Paul, Haswell, Carole, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Leconte, Jérémy, Lüftinger, Theresa, Micela, Giusi, Min, Michel, Pilbratt, Göran, Puig, Ludovic, Swain, Mark, Testi, Leonardo, Turrini, Diego, Vandenbussche, Bart, Osorio, Maria Rosa Zapatero, Aret, Anna, Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe, Buchhave, Lars, Ferus, Martin, Griffin, Matt, Guedel, Manuel, Hartogh, Paul, Machado, Pedro, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Pallé, Enric, Rataj, Mirek, Ray, Tom, Ribas, Ignasi, Szabó, Robert, Tan, Jonathan, Werner, Stephanie, Ratti, Francesco, Scharmberg, Carsten, Salvignol, Jean-Christophe, Boudin, Nathalie, Halain, Jean-Philippe, Haag, Martin, Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Kohley, Ralf, Symonds, Kate, Renk, Florian, Caldwell, Andrew, Abreu, Manuel, Alonso, Gustavo, Amiaux, Jerome, Berthé, Michel, Bishop, Georgia, Bowles, Neil, Carmona, Manuel, Coffey, Deirdre, Colomé, Josep, Crook, Martin, Désjonqueres, Lucile, Díaz, José J., Drummond, Rachel, Focardi, Mauro, Gómez, Jose M., Holmes, Warren, Krijger, Matthijs, Kovacs, Zsolt, Hunt, Tom, Machado, Richardo, Morgante, Gianluca, Ollivier, Marc, Ottensamer, Roland, Pace, Emanuele, Pagano, Teresa, Pascale, Enzo, Pearson, Chris, Pedersen, Søren Møller, Pniel, Moshe, Roose, Stéphane, Savini, Giorgio, Stamper, Richard, Szirovicza, Peter, Szoke, Janos, Tosh, Ian, Vilardell, Francesc, Barstow, Joanna, Borsato, Luca, Casewell, Sarah, Changeat, Quentin, Charnay, Benjamin, Civiš, Svatopluk, Foresto, Vincent Coudé du, Coustenis, Athena, Cowan, Nicolas, Danielski, Camilla, Demangeon, Olivier, Drossart, Pierre, Edwards, Billy N., Gilli, Gabriella, Encrenaz, Therese, Kiss, Csaba, Kokori, Anastasia, Ikoma, Masahiro, Morales, Juan Carlos, Mendonça, João, Moneti, Andrea, Mugnai, Lorenzo, Muñoz, Antonio García, Helled, Ravit, Kama, Mihkel, Miguel, Yamila, Nikolaou, Nikos, Pagano, Isabella, Panic, Olja, Rengel, Miriam, Rickman, Hans, Rocchetto, Marco, Sarkar, Subhajit, Selsis, Franck, Tennyson, Jonathan, Tsiaras, Angelos, Venot, Olivia, Vida, Krisztián, Waldmann, Ingo P., Yurchenko, Sergey, Szabó, Gyula, Zellem, Rob, Al-Refaie, Ahmed, Alvarez, Javier Perez, Anisman, Lara, Arhancet, Axel, Ateca, Jaume, Baeyens, Robin, Barnes, John R., Bell, Taylor, Benatti, Serena, Biazzo, Katia, Błęcka, Maria, Bonomo, Aldo Stefano, Bosch, José, Bossini, Diego, Bourgalais, Jeremy, Brienza, Daniele, Brucalassi, Anna, Bruno, Giovanni, Caines, Hamish, Calcutt, Simon, Campante, Tiago, Canestrari, Rodolfo, Cann, Nick, Casali, Giada, Casas, Albert, Cassone, Giuseppe, Cara, Christophe, Carone, Ludmila, Carrasco, Nathalie, Chioetto, Paolo, Cortecchia, Fausto, Czupalla, Markus, Chubb, Katy L., Ciaravella, Angela, Claret, Antonio, Claudi, Riccardo, Codella, Claudio, Comas, Maya Garcia, Cracchiolo, Gianluca, Cubillos, Patricio, Peppo, Vania Da, Decin, Leen, Dejabrun, Clemence, Delgado-Mena, Elisa, Giorgio, Anna Di, Diolaiti, Emiliano, Dorn, Caroline, Doublier, Vanessa, Doumayrou, Eric, Dransfield, Georgina, Dumaye, Luc, Dunford, Emma, Escobar, Antonio Jimenez, Eylen, Vincent Van, Farina, Maria, Fedele, Davide, Fernández, Alejandro, Fleury, Benjamin, Fonte, Sergio, Fontignie, Jean, Fossati, Luca, Funke, Bernd, Galy, Camille, Garai, Zoltán, García, Andrés, García-Rigo, Alberto, Garufi, Antonio, Sacco, Giuseppe Germano, Giacobbe, Paolo, Gómez, Alejandro, Gonzalez, Arturo, Gonzalez-Galindo, Francisco, Grassi, Davide, Griffith, Caitlin, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Goujon, Audrey, Gressier, Amélie, Grzegorczyk, Aleksandra, Guillot, Tristan, Guilluy, Gloria, Hargrave, Peter, Hellin, Marie-Laure, Herrero, Enrique, Hills, Matt, Horeau, Benoit, Ito, Yuichi, Jessen, Niels Christian, Kabath, Petr, Kálmán, Szilárd, Kawashima, Yui, Kimura, Tadahiro, Knížek, Antonín, Kreidberg, Laura, Kruid, Ronald, Kruijssen, Diederik J. M., Kubelík, Petr, Lara, Luisa, Lebonnois, Sebastien, Lee, David, Lefevre, Maxence, Lichtenberg, Tim, Locci, Daniele, Lombini, Matteo, Lopez, Alejandro Sanchez, Lorenzani, Andrea, MacDonald, Ryan, Magrini, Laura, Maldonado, Jesus, Marcq, Emmanuel, Migliorini, Alessandra, Modirrousta-Galian, Darius, Molaverdikhani, Karan, Molinari, Sergio, Mollière, Paul, Moreau, Vincent, Morello, Giuseppe, Morinaud, Gilles, Morvan, Mario, Moses, Julianne I., Mouzali, Salima, Nakhjiri, Nariman, Naponiello, Luca, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nikolaou, Athanasia, Noce, Vladimiro, Oliva, Fabrizio, Palladino, Pietro, Papageorgiou, Andreas, Parmentier, Vivien, Peres, Giovanni, Pérez, Javier, Perez-Hoyos, Santiago, Perger, Manuel, Pestellini, Cesare Cecchi, Petralia, Antonino, Philippon, Anne, Piccialli, Arianna, Pignatari, Marco, Piotto, Giampaolo, Podio, Linda, Polenta, Gianluca, Preti, Giampaolo, Pribulla, Theodor, Puertas, Manuel Lopez, Rainer, Monica, Reess, Jean-Michel, Rimmer, Paul, Robert, Séverine, Rosich, Albert, Rossi, Loic, Rust, Duncan, Saleh, Ayman, Sanna, Nicoletta, Schisano, Eugenio, Schreiber, Laura, Schwartz, Victor, Scippa, Antonio, Seli, Bálint, Shibata, Sho, Simpson, Caroline, Shorttle, Oliver, Skaf, N., Skup, Konrad, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Sousa, Sergio, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Šponer, Judit, Steiger, Lukas, Tanga, Paolo, Tackley, Paul, Taylor, Jake, Tecza, Matthias, Terenzi, Luca, Tremblin, Pascal, Tozzi, Andrea, Triaud, Amaury, Trompet, Loïc, Tsai, Shang-Min, Tsantaki, Maria, Valencia, Diana, Vandaele, Ann Carine, Swaelmen, Mathieu Van der, Vardan, Adibekyan, Vasisht, Gautam, Vazan, Allona, Vecchio, Ciro Del, Waltham, Dave, Wawer, Piotr, Widemann, Thomas, Wolkenberg, Paulina, Yip, Gordon Hou, Yung, Yuk, Zilinskas, Mantas, Zingales, Tiziano, and Zuppella, Paola

Abstract

The concept of a mission devoted to atmospheric characterization of exoplanets through transit spectroscopy was first considered in Europe in 2007, shortly after the DARWIN proposal submitted to ESA for the first Cosmic Vision call for L-class missions was rejected because of the need for further scientific and technical developments. Following the decision, both ESA (EP-RAT panel report, October 2010) and the Exoplanetary Community (Blue Dot Team – Barcelona conference, September 2009) started a discussion to define a roadmap for exoplanetary research. Both groups concluded that an intermediate step was needed, both scientifically and technically, before the characterisation of Earth-like planets could be tackled, and recommended a transit spectroscopy mission as a first step to atmospheric characterisation. A short study was undertaken at ESTEC in the context of the ExoPlanet Roadmap Advisory Team mandate under the name ESM (Exoplanet Spectroscopy Mission). Following this study the Exoplanet Characterisation Observatory (EChO) was proposed and accepted for assessment phase study in the context of the ESA Cosmic Vision 2015-2025 programme M3 medium class mission opportunity. Although eventually not selected, the EChO study1 allowed further development of the technical building blocks and the science case for an eventual transit spectroscopy mission. In response to the call for the next medium class opportunity, Cosmic Vision M4, a proposal was submitted in January 2015: the Atmospheric Remote-sensing InfraRed Large-survey (ARIEL). The mission was one of the three selected in June 2015 for study in a Phase 0/A, a competitive assessment phase2. ARIEL was eventually selected as M4 in March 2018, and went into Phase B1, the definition study phase. The name of the mission has been changed to Ariel after selection. During Phase B1, the science case was studied in depth and consolidated under auspices of the Science Advisory Team, the bulk of the work be

Published
2020

7. THE K2-ESPRINT PROJECT. II. SPECTROSCOPIC FOLLOW-UP OF THREE EXOPLANET SYSTEMS FROM CAMPAIGN 1 OF K2

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Van Eylen, Vincent, Dai, Fei, Winn, Joshua N., Nowak, Grzegorz, Albrecht, Simon, Palle, Enric, Ribas, Ignasi, Bruntt, Hans, Perger, Manuel, Gandolfi, Davide, Hirano, Teriyuki, Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto, Kiilerich, Amanda, Prieto-Arranz, Jorge, Badenas, Mariona, Deeg, Hans J., Guenther, Eike W., Montañés-Rodríguez, Pilar, Narita, Norio, Rogers, Leslie A., Béjar, Víctor J. S., Shrotriya, Tushar S., Sebastian, Daniel, Winn, Joshua Nathan, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Physics, MIT Kavli Institute for Astrophysics and Space Research, Van Eylen, Vincent, Dai, Fei, Winn, Joshua N., Nowak, Grzegorz, Albrecht, Simon, Palle, Enric, Ribas, Ignasi, Bruntt, Hans, Perger, Manuel, Gandolfi, Davide, Hirano, Teriyuki, Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto, Kiilerich, Amanda, Prieto-Arranz, Jorge, Badenas, Mariona, Deeg, Hans J., Guenther, Eike W., Montañés-Rodríguez, Pilar, Narita, Norio, Rogers, Leslie A., Béjar, Víctor J. S., Shrotriya, Tushar S., Sebastian, Daniel, and Winn, Joshua Nathan

Abstract

We report on Doppler observations of three transiting planet candidates that were detected during Campaign 1 of the K2 mission. The Doppler observations were conducted with FIES, HARPS-N, and HARPS. We measure the mass of EPIC 201546283b, and provide constraints and upper limits for EPIC 201295312b and EPIC 201577035b. EPIC 201546283b is a warm Neptune orbiting its host star in 6.77 days and has a radius of 4.45[subscript -0.33][superscript +0.33]R[subscript ⊕] and a mass of 29.1[subscript -7.4][superscript +7.5]M[subscript ⊕], which leads to a mean density of 1.80[subscript -0.55][superscript +0.70]sg cm[superscript -3]. EPIC 201295312b is smaller than Neptune with an orbital period of 5.66 days, a radius of 2.75[subscript -0.22][superscript+0.24] R[subscript ⊕], and we constrain the mass to be below 12M[subscript ⊕] at 95% confidence. We also find a long-term trend indicative of another body in the system. EPIC 201577035b, which was previously confirmed as the planet K2-10b, is smaller than Neptune, orbiting its host star in 19.3 days, with a radius of 3.84[subscript -0.34][subscript +0.35]R[subscript ⊕]. We determine its mass to be 27[subscript -16][superscript +17]M[subscript ⊕], with a 95% confidence upper limit at 57 M[subscript ⊕], and a mean density of 2.6[subscript -1.6][superscript +2.1]g cm[superscript -3]. These measurements join the relatively small collection of planets smaller than Neptune with measurements or constraints of the mean density. Our code for performing K2 photometry and detecting planetary transits is now publicly available.

Published
2017

8. Una búsqueda de objetos de baja masa en regiones jóvenes de formación estelar

Author

Perger, Manuel, Martín Guerrero de Escalante, Eduardo L., and Barrado y Navascués, David

Subjects
Estrellas
Abstract

The object of this thesis is find new low-mass objects in Taurus in order to get new insights on its mass function. The investigated area in this work is located 5 deg north of the main clouds and covers around 25 sq:deg. Thus, we also contribute to answer the question whether the low-mass objects have moved from their birth sites or not. La mejor herramienta para caracterizar la formación de estrellas es la función de masas. Muchas estrellas de baja masa faltarían en la región de formación estelar de Toro para que pudiera encajar la forma universal de la función. Así pues, los miembros de esta joven y próxima región representan una excepción a dicha forma universal. Nuestro objetivo fue encontrar nuevos miembros de Toro. Para ello, investigamos la región localizada 5 deg al norte de las nubes principales. Para estudiar la relación entre la diferencia de la función de masa de Toro y su baja densidad, también estudiamos la región Orion. Se utilizó el registro fotométrico de campo amplio e infrarrojo cercano UKIDSS GCS como base de datos para nuestra búsqueda. Asimismo, investigamos las características fotométricas de los 351 miembros de Toro ya conocidos. En total se aplicaron 40 criterios de selección. Para confirmar la pertenencia a una de las regiones de todas las fuentes selecionadas, los candidatos se observaron mediante espectroscopia óptica de baja resolución. En estos rangos de longitud de onda, múltiples características de las líneas pueden revelar la juventud de una fuente. Para comparar dichas fuentes se observaron unos miembros de Toro ya conocidos y unas estrellas enanas de campo. En Toro fueron observados 47 de 272 candidatos y 7 de 55 en Orion. El análisis fotométrico y espectral completo pudo identificar 7 y 4 de ellos como posibles nuevos miembros WTTS. Los nuevos miembros de Toro no están conectados a ninguna nube molecular y se han movido desde su sitio de nacimiento a su sitio actual. Su existencia indica una significante población todavía desconocida de miembros de Toro lejos de las nubes principales. Por tanto podemos concluir que los objetos de Toro de baja masa que faltaban están localizados lejos de las nubes principales de la región. Si esta región joven y cercana de formación estelar es única o no, se puede estudiar en sus partes externas. Toro es sin lugar a dudas de menor densidad y está más extendida a como se había asumido previamente.

Published
2014

9. THEK2-ESPRINT PROJECT. II. SPECTROSCOPIC FOLLOW-UP OF THREE EXOPLANET SYSTEMS FROM CAMPAIGN 1 OFK2

Author

Eylen, Vincent Van, primary, Nowak, Grzegorz, additional, Albrecht, Simon, additional, Palle, Enric, additional, Ribas, Ignasi, additional, Bruntt, Hans, additional, Perger, Manuel, additional, Gandolfi, Davide, additional, Hirano, Teriyuki, additional, Sanchis-Ojeda, Roberto, additional, Kiilerich, Amanda, additional, Prieto-Arranz, Jorge, additional, Badenas, Mariona, additional, Dai, Fei, additional, Deeg, Hans J., additional, Guenther, Eike W., additional, Montañés-Rodríguez, Pilar, additional, Narita, Norio, additional, Rogers, Leslie A., additional, Béjar, Víctor J. S., additional, Shrotriya, Tushar S., additional, Winn, Joshua N., additional, and Sebastian, Daniel, additional

Published
2016
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11. FIRST DETECTION OF THERMAL RADIOJETS IN A SAMPLE OF PROTO-BROWN DWARF CANDIDATES

Author

Morata, Oscar, primary, Palau, Aina, additional, González, Ricardo F., additional, Gregorio-Monsalvo, Itziar de, additional, Ribas, Álvaro, additional, Perger, Manuel, additional, Bouy, Hervé, additional, Barrado, David, additional, Eiroa, Carlos, additional, Bayo, Amelia, additional, Huélamo, Nuria, additional, Morales-Calderón, María, additional, and Rodríguez, Luís F., additional

Published
2015
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12. A chemical survey of exoplanets with ARIEL

Author

Tinetti, Giovanna, Drossart, Pierre, Eccleston, Paul, Hartogh, Paul, Heske, Astrid, Leconte, Jérémy, Micela, Giusi, Ollivier, Marc, Pilbratt, Göran, Puig, Ludovic, Turrini, Diego, Vandenbussche, Bart, Wolkenberg, Paulina, Beaulieu, Jean-Philippe, Buchave, Lars A., Ferus, Martin, Griffin, Matt, Guedel, Manuel, Justtanont, Kay, Lagage, Pierre-Olivier, Machado, Pedro, Malaguti, Giuseppe, Min, Michiel, Nørgaard-Nielsen, Hans Ulrik, Rataj, Mirek, Ray, Tom, Ribas, Ignasi, Swain, Mark, Szabo, Robert, Werner, Stephanie, Barstow, Joanna, Burleigh, Matt, Cho, James, Du Foresto, Vincent Coudé, Coustenis, Athena, Decin, Leen, Encrenaz, Therese, Galand, Marina, Gillon, Michael, Helled, Ravit, Morales, Juan Carlos, Muñoz, Antonio García, Moneti, Andrea, Pagano, Isabella, Pascale, Enzo, Piccioni, Giuseppe, Pinfield, David, Sarkar, Subhajit, Selsis, Franck, Tennyson, Jonathan, Triaud, Amaury, Venot, Olivia, Waldmann, Ingo, Waltham, David, Wright, Gillian, Amiaux, Jerome, Auguères, Jean-Louis, Berthé, Michel, Bezawada, Naidu, Bishop, Georgia, Bowles, Neil, Coffey, Deirdre, Colomé, Josep, Crook, Martin, Crouzet, Pierre-Elie, Da Peppo, Vania, Sanz, Isabel Escudero, Focardi, Mauro, Frericks, Martin, Hunt, Tom, Kohley, Ralf, Middleton, Kevin, Morgante, Gianluca, Ottensamer, Roland, Pace, Emanuele, Pearson, Chris, Stamper, Richard, Symonds, Kate, Rengel, Miriam, Renotte, Etienne, Ade, Peter, Affer, Laura, Alard, Christophe, Allard, Nicole, Altieri, Francesca, André, Yves, Arena, Claudio, Argyriou, Ioannis, Aylward, Alan, Baccani, Cristian, Bakos, Gaspar, Banaszkiewicz, Marek, Barlow, Mike, Batista, Virginie, Bellucci, Giancarlo, Benatti, Serena, Bernardi, Pernelle, Bézard, Bruno, Blecka, Maria, Bolmont, Emeline, Bonfond, Bertrand, Bonito, Rosaria, Bonomo, Aldo S., Brucato, John Robert, Brun, Allan Sacha, Bryson, Ian, Bujwan, Waldemar, Casewell, Sarah, Charnay, Bejamin, Pestellini, Cesare Cecchi, Chen, Guo, Ciaravella, Angela, Claudi, Riccardo, Clédassou, Rodolphe, Damasso, Mario, Damiano, Mario, Danielski, Camilla, Deroo, Pieter, Di Giorgio, Anna Maria, Dominik, Carsten, Doublier, Vanessa, Doyle, Simon, Doyon, René, Drummond, Benjamin, Duong, Bastien, Eales, Stephen, Edwards, Billy, Farina, Maria, Flaccomio, Ettore, Fletcher, Leigh, Forget, François, Fossey, Steve, Fränz, Markus, Fujii, Yuka, García-Piquer, Álvaro, Gear, Walter, Geoffray, Hervé, Gérard, Jean Claude, Gesa, Lluis, Gomez, H., Graczyk, Rafał, Griffith, Caitlin, Grodent, Denis, Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe, Gustin, Jacques, Hamano, Keiko, Hargrave, Peter, Hello, Yann, Heng, Kevin, Herrero, Enrique, Hornstrup, Allan, Hubert, Benoit, Ida, Shigeru, Ikoma, Masahiro, Iro, Nicolas, Irwin, Patrick, Jarchow, Christopher, Jaubert, Jean, Jones, Hugh, Julien, Queyrel, Kameda, Shingo, Kerschbaum, Franz, Kervella, Pierre, Koskinen, Tommi, Krijger, Matthijs, Krupp, Norbert, Lafarga, Marina, Landini, Federico, Lellouch, Emanuel, Leto, Giuseppe, Luntzer, A., Rank-Lüftinger, Theresa, Maggio, Antonio, Maldonado, Jesus, Maillard, Jean-Pierre, Mall, Urs, Marquette, Jean-Baptiste, Mathis, Stephane, Maxted, Pierre, Matsuo, Taro, Medvedev, Alexander, Miguel, Yamila, Minier, Vincent, Morello, Giuseppe, Mura, Alessandro, Narita, Norio, Nascimbeni, Valerio, Nguyen Tong, N., Noce, Vladimiro, Oliva, Fabrizio, Palle, Enric, Palmer, Paul, Pancrazzi, Maurizio, Papageorgiou, Andreas, Parmentier, Vivien, Perger, Manuel, Petralia, Antonino, Pezzuto, Stefano, Pierrehumbert, Ray, Pillitteri, Ignazio, Piotto, Giampaolo, Pisano, Giampaolo, Prisinzano, Loredana, Radioti, Aikaterini, Réess, Jean-Michel, Rezac, Ladislav, Rocchetto, Marco, Rosich, Albert, Sanna, Nicoletta, Santerne, Alexandre, Savini, Giorgio, Scandariato, Gaetano, Sicardy, Bruno, Sierra, Carles, Sindoni, Giuseppe, Skup, Konrad, Snellen, Ignas, Sobiecki, Mateusz, Soret, Lauriane, Sozzetti, Alessandro, Stiepen, A., Strugarek, Antoine, Taylor, Jake, Taylor, William, Terenzi, Luca, Tessenyi, Marcell, Tsiaras, Angelos, Tucker, C., Valencia, Diana, Vasisht, Gautam, Vazan, Allona, Vilardell, Francesc, Vinatier, Sabrine, Viti, Serena, Waters, Rens, Wawer, Piotr, Wawrzaszek, Anna, Whitworth, Anthony, Yung, Yuk L., Yurchenko, Sergey N., Osorio, María Rosa Zapatero, Zellem, Robert, Zingales, Tiziano, and Zwart, Frans

Subjects
13. Climate action, 530 Physics, 520 Astronomy, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 500 Science, 7. Clean energy
Abstract

Thousands of exoplanets have now been discovered with a huge range of masses, sizes and orbits: from rocky Earth-like planets to large gas giants grazing the surface of their host star. However, the essential nature of these exoplanets remains largely mysterious: there is no known, discernible pattern linking the presence, size, or orbital parameters of a planet to the nature of its parent star. We have little idea whether the chemistry of a planet is linked to its formation environment, or whether the type of host star drives the physics and chemistry of the planet’s birth, and evolution. ARIEL was conceived to observe a large number (~1000) of transiting planets for statistical understanding, including gas giants, Neptunes, super-Earths and Earth-size planets around a range of host star types using transit spectroscopy in the 1.25–7.8 μm spectral range and multiple narrow-band photometry in the optical. ARIEL will focus on warm and hot planets to take advantage of their well-mixed atmospheres which should show minimal condensation and sequestration of high-Z materials compared to their colder Solar System siblings. Said warm and hot atmospheres are expected to be more representative of the planetary bulk composition. Observations of these warm/hot exoplanets, and in particular of their elemental composition (especially C, O, N, S, Si), will allow the understanding of the early stages of planetary and atmospheric formation during the nebular phase and the following few million years. ARIEL will thus provide a representative picture of the chemical nature of the exoplanets and relate this directly to the type and chemical environment of the host star. ARIEL is designed as a dedicated survey mission for combined-light spectroscopy, capable of observing a large and well-defined planet sample within its 4-year mission lifetime. Transit, eclipse and phase-curve spectroscopy methods, whereby the signal from the star and planet are differentiated using knowledge of the planetary ephemerides, allow us to measure atmospheric signals from the planet at levels of 10–100 part per million (ppm) relative to the star and, given the bright nature of targets, also allows more sophisticated techniques, such as eclipse mapping, to give a deeper insight into the nature of the atmosphere. These types of observations require a stable payload and satellite platform with broad, instantaneous wavelength coverage to detect many molecular species, probe the thermal structure, identify clouds and monitor the stellar activity. The wavelength range proposed covers all the expected major atmospheric gases from e.g. H₂O, CO₂, CH₄ NH₃, HCN, H₂S through to the more exotic metallic compounds, such as TiO, VO, and condensed species. Simulations of ARIEL performance in conducting exoplanet surveys have been performed – using conservative estimates of mission performance and a full model of all significant noise sources in the measurement – using a list of potential ARIEL targets that incorporates the latest available exoplanet statistics. The conclusion at the end of the Phase A study, is that ARIEL – in line with the stated mission objectives – will be able to observe about 1000 exoplanets depending on the details of the adopted survey strategy, thus confirming the feasibility of the main science objectives.

13. New insights on planetary companions of GJ 1151

Author

Blanco Pozo, Jordi, Perger, Manuel, and Jordi i Nebot, Carme

Subjects
Extrasolar planets, Bachelor's thesis, Bachelor's theses, Planetes extrasolars, Treballs de fi de grau, GJ 1151
Abstract

Treballs Finals de Grau de Física, Facultat de Física, Universitat de Barcelona, Curs: 2021, Tutors: Manuel Perger, Carme Jordi i Nebot, The LOFAR mission announced the detection of a radio emission coming from the M dwarf GJ 1151 which is consistent with the possible interaction of the star with an Earth-like exoplanet with an orbit of 1 to 5 d. Combining new data from different radial velocity surveys we calculate a new upper limit on the minimum mass of this possible companion at 0.9 M⊕ to 1.6 M⊕ for a 1.02 d to 5 d orbit. We also find evidence of a Neptune-like companion with a minimum mass of 10.6 ± 1.5 M⊕ on a 396 ± 6 d circular orbit and a likely more massive Neptunian exoplanet with a minimum mass of 24 ± 1.5 M⊕ on a 2093+130 d keplerian orbit.

Published
2021

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